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Conti S, Sala G, Mateus O. Smart Biomechanical Adaptation Revealed by the Structure of Ostrich Limb Bones. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8010098. [PMID: 36975328 PMCID: PMC10046004 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ostriches are known to be the fastest bipedal animal alive; to accomplish such an achievement, their anatomy evolved to sustain the stresses imposed by running at such velocities. Ostriches represent an excellent case study due to the fact that their locomotor kinematics have been extensively studied for their running capabilities. The shape and structure of ostrich bones are also known to be optimized to sustain the stresses imposed by the body mass and accelerations to which the bones are subjected during movements. This study focuses on the limb bones, investigating the structure of the bones as well as the material properties, and how both the structure and material evolved to maximise the performance while minimising the stresses applied to the bones themselves. The femoral shaft is hollowed and it presents an imbricate structure of fused bone ridges connected to the walls of the marrow cavity, while the tibial shaft is subdivided into regions having different mechanical characteristics. These adaptations indicate the optimization of both the structure and the material to bear the stresses. The regionalization of the material highlighted by the mechanical tests represents the capability of the bone to adapt to external stimuli during the life of an individual, optimizing not only the structure of the bone but the material itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Conti
- GEOBIOTEC, Department of Earth Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (O.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Sala
- Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Octavio Mateus
- GEOBIOTEC, Department of Earth Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (O.M.)
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2
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Faverio P, Conti S, Madotto F, Franco G, Renzoni E, Mantovani L, Luppi F. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mortality in the Italian epicenter of COVID-19 pandemic. Pulmonology 2023; 29:85-88. [PMID: 35504821 PMCID: PMC9001200 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Faverio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca; Respiratory Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - S. Conti
- Research Centre on Public Health, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - F. Madotto
- Value-based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - G. Franco
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca; Respiratory Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - E. Renzoni
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - L.G. Mantovani
- Research Centre on Public Health, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy,Value-based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - F. Luppi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca; Respiratory Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy,Corresponding author at: School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca; Respiratory Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST Monza, via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy
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3
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Conti S, Karplus M. A Computational Framework for Determining the Breadth of Antibodies Against Highly Mutable Pathogens. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2552:399-408. [PMID: 36346605 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2609-2_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Highly mutable pathogens pose daunting challenges for antibody design. The usual criteria of high potency and specificity are often insufficient to design antibodies that provide long-lasting protection. This is due, in part, to the ability of the pathogen to rapidly acquire mutations that permit them to evade the designed antibodies. To overcome these limitations, design of antibodies with a larger neutralizing breadth can be pursued. Such broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) should remain targeted to a specific epitope, yet show robustness against pathogen mutability, thereby neutralizing a higher number of antigens. This is particularly important for highly mutable pathogens, like the influenza virus and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The protocol describes a method for computing the "breadth" of a given antibody, an essential aspect of antibody design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Conti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Martin Karplus
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biophysique, ISIS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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Conti S, Tschopp E, Mateus O, Zanoni A, Masarati P, Sala G. Multibody analysis and soft tissue strength refute supersonic dinosaur tail. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19245. [PMID: 36482175 PMCID: PMC9732322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sauropod dinosaurs are well known for their massive sizes and long necks and tails. Among sauropods, flagellicaudatan dinosaurs are characterized by extreme tail elongation, which has led to hypotheses regarding tail function, often compared to a whip. Here, we analyse the dynamics of motion of a 3D model of an apatosaurine flagellicaudatan tail using multibody simulation and quantify the stress-bearing capabilities of the associated soft tissues. Such an elongated and slender structure would allow achieving tip velocities in the order of 30 m/s, or 100 km/h, far slower than the speed of sound, due to the combined effect of friction of the musculature and articulations, as well as aerodynamic drag. The material properties of the skin, tendons, and ligaments also support such evidence, proving that in life, the tail would not have withstood the stresses imposed by travelling at the speed of sound, irrespective of the conjectural 'popper', a hypothetical soft tissue structure analogue to the terminal portion of a bullwhip able to surpass the speed of sound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Conti
- GeoBioTec, Department of Earth Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus de Caparica, 2829 516 Caparica, Portugal ,grid.4643.50000 0004 1937 0327Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 34, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuel Tschopp
- GeoBioTec, Department of Earth Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus de Caparica, 2829 516 Caparica, Portugal ,grid.9026.d0000 0001 2287 2617Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany ,grid.241963.b0000 0001 2152 1081American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West @ 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA
| | - Octávio Mateus
- GeoBioTec, Department of Earth Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus de Caparica, 2829 516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Andrea Zanoni
- grid.4643.50000 0004 1937 0327Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 34, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Masarati
- grid.4643.50000 0004 1937 0327Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 34, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sala
- grid.4643.50000 0004 1937 0327Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 34, 20156 Milan, Italy
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Gahlot S, Gradone A, Roy M, Giorgi M, Conti S, Ceroni P, Villa M, Gingras M. Persulfurated Benzene‐Cored Asterisks with π‐Extended ThioNaphthyl Arms: Synthesis, Structural, Photophysical and Covalent Dynamic Properties. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200797. [PMID: 35443101 PMCID: PMC9545377 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Gahlot
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM Marseille France
| | - Alessandro Gradone
- Department of Chemistry (“Giacomo Ciamician”) University of Bologna Via Selmi, 2 40126 Bologna Italy
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems Italian National Research Council, Section of Bologna Via Piero Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Myriam Roy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM Marseille France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire 75005 Paris France
| | - Michel Giorgi
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM Marseille France
| | - Simone Conti
- Department of Chemistry (“Giacomo Ciamician”) University of Bologna Via Selmi, 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM Marseille France
- Department of Chemistry (“Giacomo Ciamician”) University of Bologna Via Selmi, 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Marco Villa
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM Marseille France
- Department of Chemistry (“Giacomo Ciamician”) University of Bologna Via Selmi, 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Marc Gingras
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM Marseille France
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Conti S, Ovchinnikov V, Karplus M. ppdx: Automated modeling of protein-protein interaction descriptors for use with machine learning. J Comput Chem 2022; 43:1747-1757. [PMID: 35930347 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes ppdx, a python workflow tool that combines protein sequence alignment, homology modeling, and structural refinement, to compute a broad array of descriptors for characterizing protein-protein interactions. The descriptors can be used to predict various properties of interest, such as protein-protein binding affinities, or inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ), using approaches that range from simple regression to more complex machine learning models. The software is highly modular. It supports different protocols for generating structures, and 95 descriptors can be currently computed. More protocols and descriptors can be easily added. The implementation is highly parallel and can fully exploit the available cores in a single workstation, or multiple nodes on a supercomputer, allowing many systems to be analyzed simultaneously. As an illustrative application, ppdx is used to parametrize a model that predicts the IC50 of a set of antigens and a class of antibodies directed to the influenza hemagglutinin stalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Conti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Victor Ovchinnikov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin Karplus
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Laboratoire de Chimie Biophysique, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Fornari C, Antonazzo IC, Paoletti O, Cei E, Bartolini C, Conti S, Ferrara P, Mantovani LG, Gini R, Mazzaglia G. Use of antidepressants during COVID19 outbreak: a real-world drug-utilization study. Eur J Public Health 2021. [PMCID: PMC8574249 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lockdown measures implementation (LMI) to prevent COVID19 disease diffusion was associated to increased depression and anxiety cases. The main aim was to evaluate whether LMI affected prevalence and incidence of antidepressants (ADs) use, and ADs treatment interruption (TI) in the general population. Methods Adults (≥18 years) with at least 1 dispensing of ADs between 01/01/2019-26/09/2020 were selected from a regional Italian healthcare administrative database. Patients presenting an AD dispensing in the year preceding the first observation were considered as prevalent otherwise as incident users. We divided the studied period into 3 parts: pre-lockdown (01/01/2019-08/03/2020), lockdown (09/03/2020-14/06/2020) and post-lockdown (15/06/2020-27/09/2020). The weekly prevalence (WP) and incidence (WI) per 10,000 inhabitants were compared among periods. Incidence of TI (no dispensing refill within 30 days of the end of its validity) was computed among prevalent AD users. Results The WP (mean of 552.3 per 10,000 pre-lockdown vs 505.5 lockdown phase; relative change: -9%) and WI (5.2 vs 3.7; -29%) of ADs use decreased after LMI. During the post-lockdown phase WP (505.5 vs 495.9; -2%) decreased whereas the WI (3.7 vs 4.3; 16%) slightly increased in relation to the lockdown period, although differences were not statistically significant. Conversely, the incidence of TI increased during lockdown (344.7 vs 384.3; 12%) and post-lockdown (384.3 vs 394.2; 3%) periods, even not always statistically significant. Conclusions Our analysis showed a reduction of ADs use during the early phase of lockdown. Several factors might have impacted on the observed phenomenon (i.e, patient reluctance to start new AD treatment). Considering the mutation of the virus and the potential waves that might occur in the next months, a continuous monitoring of the impact of COVID19 on mental diseases onset and treatment adherence are suggested. Key messages In Italy, the implementation of lockdown measures was followed by a reduction in antidepressants use, even though evidences are that diagnoses of psychiatric disorders increased. Future studies should monitor if these phenomena led to an increase in adverse events potentially correlated with inappropriate treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fornari
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - IC Antonazzo
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - O Paoletti
- Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Florence, Italy
| | - E Cei
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - C Bartolini
- Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Florence, Italy
| | - S Conti
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Value-based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - P Ferrara
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Value-based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - LG Mantovani
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Value-based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - R Gini
- Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Florence, Italy
| | - G Mazzaglia
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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8
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Ferrara P, Madotto F, Conti S, Vitale A, Della Ragione G, Romano ML, Borrelli M, Schiavone B, Mantovani LG, Ponticelli D. Field evaluation of BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine response in healthcare workers: a 3-month follow-up. Eur J Public Health 2021. [PMCID: PMC8574276 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Effective and rapid immunologic response to vaccines is a crucial strategy for the control SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Here, we present the results of an ongoing longitudinal observational study conducted among the healthcare workers (HCWs) of the Pineta Grande Hospital (Castel Volturno, Italy), who were administered the two-dose prime-boost mRNA vaccine BNT162b2. Methods Volunteer HCWs underwent either (i) six RT-PCR assay for qualitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs; (ii) or six quantitative serology testing for the research of virus-specific immunoglobulins (Ig) through chemiluminescent immunoassay with a reactivity cut-off of an Index of ≥ 1.0. The first tests were taken before the administration of the vaccine and then according to a predefined timeline. An active surveillance follow-up of SARS-CoV-2 infections was set amongst the vaccinees after the end of the study. Results Overall, among the 435 HCWs who accepted to participated in the study, 9.3% reported a previous laboratory-confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2, though all subjects tested negative at the time of first vaccine dose. In the swab cohort, seven subjects tested positive in the first 15 days after the first vaccine dose and one about a week from the second dose. At 45- and 60-day follow-ups all vaccinees tested negative, but two positive tests were registered at the third month. In the second cohort, two weeks after the first vaccine dose anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies exceeded the reactivity cut-off in 82.5% the participants. At one-month follow-up, almost all (98.4%) the vaccinees had reached the maximum Index value of 10. No statistically significant associations were found between antibody response and HCWs' characteristics. Conclusions Our results showed that surveillance is a critical component of providing safe healthcare during COVID-19 pandemic, also after extended vaccination campaigns, thus enhancing the protection of patients and HCWs. Key messages All healthcare facilities should implement continuous post-vaccination surveillance programs in order to ensure patients and healthcare workers safety, and limit in-hospital transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Longer field follow-ups are indispensable to investigate immunogenicity trends and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines over time, and to consider booster doses, especially in high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ferrara
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Value-based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
- Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, Italy
| | - F Madotto
- Value-based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - S Conti
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Value-based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - A Vitale
- Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, Italy
| | | | - ML Romano
- Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, Italy
| | - M Borrelli
- Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, Italy
| | - B Schiavone
- Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, Italy
| | - LG Mantovani
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Value-based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
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Conti S, Spalletti C, Pasquini M, Giordano N, Barsotti N, Mainardi M, Lai S, Giorgi A, Pasqualetti M, Micera S, Caleo M. Combining robotics with enhanced serotonin-driven cortical plasticity improves post-stroke motor recovery. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 203:102073. [PMID: 33984455 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent progresses in robotic rehabilitation technologies, their efficacy for post-stroke motor recovery is still limited. Such limitations might stem from the insufficient enhancement of plasticity mechanisms, crucial for functional recovery. Here, we designed a clinically relevant strategy that combines robotic rehabilitation with chemogenetic stimulation of serotonin release to boost plasticity. These two approaches acted synergistically to enhance post-stroke motor performance. Indeed, mice treated with our combined therapy showed substantial functional gains that persisted beyond the treatment period and generalized to non-trained tasks. Motor recovery was associated with a reduction in electrophysiological and neuroanatomical markers of GABAergic neurotransmission, suggesting disinhibition in perilesional areas. To unveil the translational potentialities of our approach, we specifically targeted the serotonin 1A receptor by delivering Buspirone, a clinically approved drug, in stroke mice undergoing robotic rehabilitation. Administration of Buspirone restored motor impairments similarly to what observed with chemogenetic stimulation, showing the immediate translational potential of this combined approach to significantly improve motor recovery after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Conti
- Translational Neural Engineering Area, The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Spalletti
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - M Pasquini
- Translational Neural Engineering Area, The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - N Giordano
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - N Barsotti
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - M Mainardi
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - S Lai
- Translational Neural Engineering Area, The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Giorgi
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - M Pasqualetti
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Italy; Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
| | - S Micera
- Translational Neural Engineering Area, The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy; Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational NeuroEngineering Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Centre for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - M Caleo
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.
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Conti S, Kaczorowski KJ, Song G, Porter K, Andrabi R, Burton DR, Chakraborty AK, Karplus M. Design of immunogens to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV targeting the CD4 binding site. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2018338118. [PMID: 33637649 PMCID: PMC7936365 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018338118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A vaccine which is effective against the HIV virus is considered to be the best solution to the ongoing global HIV/AIDS epidemic. In the past thirty years, numerous attempts to develop an effective vaccine have been made with little or no success, due, in large part, to the high mutability of the virus. More recent studies showed that a vaccine able to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs), that is, antibodies that can neutralize a high fraction of global virus variants, has promise to protect against HIV. Such a vaccine has been proposed to involve at least three separate stages: First, activate the appropriate precursor B cells; second, shepherd affinity maturation along pathways toward bnAbs; and, third, polish the Ab response to bind with high affinity to diverse HIV envelopes (Env). This final stage may require immunization with a mixture of Envs. In this paper, we set up a framework based on theory and modeling to design optimal panels of antigens to use in such a mixture. The designed antigens are characterized experimentally and are shown to be stable and to be recognized by known HIV antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Conti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Kevin J Kaczorowski
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Ge Song
- Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Katelyn Porter
- Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Raiees Andrabi
- Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Dennis R Burton
- Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Arup K Chakraborty
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Martin Karplus
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138;
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biophysique, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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11
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Ovchinnikov V, Conti S, Karplus M. A restrained locally enhanced sampling method (RLES) for finding free energy minima in complex systems. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:121103. [PMID: 33003727 DOI: 10.1063/5.0018026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We present an extension of the locally enhanced sampling method. A restraint potential is introduced to drive the many-replica system to the canonical ensemble corresponding to the physical, single-replica system. Convergence properties are demonstrated using a model rugged two-dimensional potential, for which sampling by conventional equilibrium molecular dynamics is inefficient. Restrained locally enhanced sampling (RLES) is found to explore the space of configurations with an efficiency comparable to that of temperature replica exchange. To demonstrate the potential of RLES for realistic applications, the method is used to fold the 12-residue tryptophan zipper miniprotein in explicit solvent. The RLES algorithm can be incorporated into existing LES implementations with minor code modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Ovchinnikov
- Harvard University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Simone Conti
- Harvard University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Martin Karplus
- Harvard University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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Conti S, Ferrara P, D'Angiolella LS, Lorelli SC, Agazzi G, Fornari C, Cesana G, Mantovani LG. The economic impact of air pollution: a European assessment. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In 2017, the Global Burden of Disease Study estimated that in Europe 0.42 million deaths and 8.9 million disability-adjusted life years were attributable to air pollution. Monetizing this burden is a key step for estimating benefits of exposure reduction strategies. However, robust and synthetic estimates of direct (e.g. due to hospitalizations or medications) and indirect (e.g. due to premature mortality or loss of productivity) health-related costs of air pollution seem to be still lacking. We carried out a systematic review, aimed at identifying evidence from research in Europe.
Methods
We searched 5 electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Web Of Science) in which we applied algorithms tracing keywords such as “cost of illness”, “health care costs”, “economics” and synonyms, together with “air pollution” and synonyms. We limited our search to articles written in English and Italian, without date restriction.
Results
The initial search retrieved 2420 records. 200 were classified as relevant, and 38 fulfilled inclusion criteria. Most of them (68%) were published after 2010. 26% were multi-country studies, while the remaining focused on a single country or city. Investigated pollutants were usually particulate matter (79% of the studies) and nitrogen oxides (37%). The approaches to the economic analysis were heterogeneous: estimates could include direct and/or indirect costs. Among the studies, the most comprehensive one (12 countries) estimated that complying with WHO guidelines would avert €31 billion yearly, of which €19 million due to hospitalizations.
Conclusions
Over the last decade, progress has been made in evaluating the economic burden of air pollution. However, estimates based on indirect costs are affected by high levels of uncertainty, while those based on direct costs are more robust and should be further investigated, since they are crucial information for healthcare policy makers.
Key messages
Air pollution poses a high economic burden on European countries, mainly due to social costs. More attention should be devoted to estimating direct healthcare costs of air pollution, in order to properly inform policy makers about the impact on healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Conti
- Research Centre on Public Health, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - P Ferrara
- Research Centre on Public Health, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - L S D'Angiolella
- Research Centre on Public Health, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - S C Lorelli
- Research Centre on Public Health, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - G Agazzi
- Research Centre on Public Health, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - C Fornari
- Research Centre on Public Health, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - G Cesana
- Research Centre on Public Health, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - L G Mantovani
- Research Centre on Public Health, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
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Fornari C, Cortesi PA, Madotto F, Conti S, Crotti G, Mazzaglia G, Monasta L, Giampaoli S, Mantovani LG. Cardiovascular diseases burden in Italy, 1990–2017: the Global Burden of Disease Study. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are still the leading cause of mortality, morbidity and disability in Europe. Consequently, an exhaustive estimation of CVDs burden and cardiovascular risk factors impact is crucial for healthcare planning and resource allocation. In Italy, data on CVDs burden are sparse. This study aims to assess the global Italian CVDs burden and to analyze time changes from 1990 to 2017 within the country and in comparison to other European states.
Methods
We used data from the 2017 Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) study to estimate CVDs prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in Italy from 1990 to 2017. We also analyzed burden attributable to CVDs-related risk factors. Finally, Italian estimations were compared to those of the other 28 European Union countries.
Results
CVDs were still the first cause of death (34.8% of total mortality) in Italy in 2017. A significant decrease in CVDs burden was observed since 1990: age-standardized prevalence (-12.7%), mortality rate (-53.75%), and DALYs rate (-55.54%) all decreased. Similar patterns were observed also in the majority of European countries. Despite these trends, all-ages CVDs prevalent cases increased from 5.75 million to 7.49 million. More than 80% of CVDs burden could be attributed to known modifiable risk factors such as high systolic blood pressure, dietary risks, high LDL cholesterol, and impaired kidney function.
Conclusions
Data showed a decline in cardiovascular mortality and DALYs, which reflects the success in terms of reducing disability, premature death and early incidence of CVDs. However, the burden of CVDs is still high, as population aging and the increased prevalent cases require more access to care and generate more years lived with disability, which in turn leads to higher costs for the National Health Service and society. More efficient prevention strategies at community and individual level are needed.
Key messages
Despite decreasing trends in CVDs mortality and DALYs, the burden of CVDs is still high in Italy. A joined approach of the National Health System stakeholders is needed to keep reducing the CVDs burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fornari
- Research Centre on Public Health, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - P A Cortesi
- Research Centre on Public Health, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - F Madotto
- IRCCS Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - S Conti
- Research Centre on Public Health, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - G Crotti
- Research Centre on Public Health, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - G Mazzaglia
- Research Centre on Public Health, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - L Monasta
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Giampaoli
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Disease, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - L G Mantovani
- Research Centre on Public Health, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- IRCCS Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
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14
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Ferrara P, Agüero F, Conti S, Masuet-Aumatell C, Mantovani L, Ramon-Torrell JM. An exploration of cancer-related mortality attributable to infections in Italy. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Previous attempts estimated the impact of infectious agents on cancer incidence in Italy, but the burden of carcinogenic infections on cancer mortality remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a preliminary analysis in order to estimate this burden at country level.
Methods
We applied the global, regional, or national population attributable fractions for Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8), and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) - all microorganisms ranked as group 1 carcinogenic agents in human beings by the International Agency for Research on Cancer - to 2015 cancer-related deaths recorded according to the 10th International Classification of Diseases coding system in Italy.
Results
We estimated a total of 14,120 deaths attributable to carcinogenic infections, being 8.3% of the total of cancer-related deaths (n = 170,339). 58.8% of those occurred in men. H. pylori, HCV, HBC, and HPV accounted for 96.4% of the whole mortality burden attributable to carcinogenic infections in both sexes. H. pylori was responsible for 8,116 (57.5%) deaths due to gastric carcinoma (non-cardia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma). Hepatitis-related liver cancer accounted for a total 4,372 deaths: 3,812 due to HCV infection and 560 to HBV. Cancers related to HPV infection represented the third most frequent cause of deaths due to carcinogenic infections in women.
Conclusions
We estimated that one out of 12 cancer deaths in Italy was attributable to an infection sustained by carcinogenic agents. Such mortality burden is potentially avoidable, given that these infections are both potentially preventable and treatable. Thus, these estimates provide actionable metric of the burden for the implementation of specific public health measures. Further analyses will provide more accurate estimates of this disease burden.
Key messages
In Italy, one out of 12 cancer-related deaths is attributable to infections sustained by preventable or treatable carcinogenic agents. These estimates provide metric of carcinogenic infections for the implementation of specific public health measures to avert the related mortality burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ferrara
- Research Center on Public Health, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - F Agüero
- Preventive Medicine Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Clinical Science Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Conti
- Research Center on Public Health, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - C Masuet-Aumatell
- Preventive Medicine Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Clinical Science Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Mantovani
- Research Center on Public Health, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - J M Ramon-Torrell
- Preventive Medicine Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Clinical Science Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Ovchinnikov V, Conti S, Lau EY, Lightstone FC, Karplus M. Microsecond Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Proteins Using a Quasi-Equilibrium Solvation Shell Model. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:1866-1881. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Ovchinnikov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Simone Conti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Edmond Y. Lau
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Felice C. Lightstone
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Martin Karplus
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biophysique, ISIS, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Barra B, Badi M, Perich MG, Conti S, Mirrazavi Salehian SS, Moreillon F, Bogaard A, Wurth S, Kaeser M, Passeraub P, Milekovic T, Billard A, Micera S, Capogrosso M. A versatile robotic platform for the design of natural, three-dimensional reaching and grasping tasks in monkeys. J Neural Eng 2019; 17:016004. [PMID: 31597123 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab4c77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Translational studies on motor control and neurological disorders require detailed monitoring of sensorimotor components of natural limb movements in relevant animal models. However, available experimental tools do not provide a sufficiently rich repertoire of behavioral signals. Here, we developed a robotic platform that enables the monitoring of kinematics, interaction forces, and neurophysiological signals during user-defined upper limb tasks for monkeys. APPROACH We configured the platform to position instrumented objects in a three-dimensional workspace and provide an interactive dynamic force-field. MAIN RESULTS We show the relevance of our platform for fundamental and translational studies with three example applications. First, we study the kinematics of natural grasp in response to variable interaction forces. We then show simultaneous and independent encoding of kinematic and forces in single unit intra-cortical recordings from sensorimotor cortical areas. Lastly, we demonstrate the relevance of our platform to develop clinically relevant brain computer interfaces in a kinematically unconstrained motor task. SIGNIFICANCE Our versatile control structure does not depend on the specific robotic arm used and allows for the design and implementation of a variety of tasks that can support both fundamental and translational studies of motor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Barra
- Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Platform of Translational Neurosciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. Co-first authors
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17
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Baggio R, Arbib E, Biscari P, Conti S, Truskinovsky L, Zanzotto G, Salman OU. Landau-Type Theory of Planar Crystal Plasticity. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:205501. [PMID: 31809089 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.205501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We show that nonlinear continuum elasticity can be effective in modeling plastic flows in crystals if it is viewed as a Landau theory with an infinite number of equivalent energy wells whose configuration is dictated by the symmetry group GL(2,Z). Quasistatic loading can be then handled by athermal dynamics, while lattice-based discretization can play the role of regularization. As a proof of principle, we study dislocation nucleation in a homogeneously sheared 2D crystal and show that the global tensorial invariance of the elastic energy foments the development of complexity in the configuration of collectively nucleating defects. A crucial role in this process is played by the unstable higher symmetry crystallographic phases, typically thought to be unrelated to plastic flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Baggio
- CNRS, LSPM, Université Paris 13, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
- PMMH, ESPCI, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - E Arbib
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - P Biscari
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - S Conti
- Institut für Angewandte Mathematik, Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - G Zanzotto
- DPG, Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - O U Salman
- CNRS, LSPM, Université Paris 13, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
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18
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Vedovati MC, Mancuso A, Pierpaoli L, Paliani U, Conti S, Ascani A, Galeotti G, Di Filippo F, Caponi C, Agnelli G, Becattini C. 455Prediction of major bleeding in patients receiving DOACs for venous thromboembolism: a prospective cohort study. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The accuracy of currently available bleeding scores in patients on treatment with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for venous thromboembolism (VTE) is undefined.
Purpose
In a prospective cohort of patients with VTE treated with DOACs, we evaluated the accuracy of the ATRIA, HAS-BLED, Kuijer, ORBIT, RIETE and VTE-BLEED risk scores in predicting major bleeding (according to ISTH definition).
Methods
The accuracy of different scores to correctly classify subjects into a defined risk category was assessed by the c-statistic.
Results
Overall, 1141 patients were evaluated and 1034 included in the study. The index event was pulmonary embolism in 509 patients (49.2%) and proximal deep vein thrombosis in the remaining patients (50.8%). During the 12-month study period, 26 major bleedings occurred in 25 patients (2.8% patient-year): 14 major bleedings occurred in the first 6 months of treatment and 12 from 6 to 12 months in the 654 patients remained on treatment.
In the 12-month study period, the VTE-BLEED score showed the best predictive value for bleeding complications (c-statistics 0.674, 95% CI 0.593–0.755). The lowest incidence of major bleeding (0.3%) was observed in the low risk category of VTE-BLEED which includes 38% of patients. The highest incidence of major bleeding (7.1%) was observed in the high-risk category of ORBIT which includes 10.9% of patients.
Conclusions
The VTE-BLEED score had the best accuracy in predicting major bleeding during treatment with DOACs for VTE. Whether the VTE-BLEED score can be used for decision making on anticoagulation should be tested in a management study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Vedovati
- University of Perugia, Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine – Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - A Mancuso
- University of Perugia, Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine – Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Pierpaoli
- Santa Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna, Italy
| | - U Paliani
- Hospital of Città di Castello, Città di Castello, Italy
| | - S Conti
- S. Matteo degli Infermi Hospital, Spoleto, Italy
| | | | - G Galeotti
- Hospital of Città di Castello, Città di Castello, Italy
| | - F Di Filippo
- Santa Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna, Italy
| | - C Caponi
- Hospital of Città di Castello, Città di Castello, Italy
| | - G Agnelli
- University of Perugia, Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine – Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - C Becattini
- University of Perugia, Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine – Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
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19
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Zona A, Fazzo L, Minelli G, De Santis M, Bruno C, Conti S, Comba P. Peritoneal mesothelioma mortality in Italy: Spatial analysis and search for asbestos exposure sources. Cancer Epidemiol 2019; 60:162-167. [PMID: 31030080 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is part of a national plan of epidemiological surveillance of malignant mesothelioma (MM) mortality in Italy. The paper shows the results of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPeM) mortality study in Italian Regions and municipalities. METHODS National Bureau of Statistics data for MPeM municipal mortality (ICD-10, Code C45.1) were analyzed in the time-window 2003-2014: mortality standardized rates (reference Italian population, census 2011), temporal trends of the annual national rates, Standardized Mortality Ratios and a municipal clustering analysis were performed. RESULTS 747 deaths for MPeM were recorded (0.10/100,000): 464 in men (0.14/100,000) and in 283 women (0.07/100,000). No significant MPeM mortality temporal trend was found. Seventeen municipalities showed excesses of mortality for MPeM in at least one gender and/or overall population. Four clusters in male population, and one in women were identified. CONCLUSIONS The study identifies some areas where remediation activities and/or health care actions may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zona
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena, 299 I-00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - L Fazzo
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena, 299 I-00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - G Minelli
- Statistical Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena, 299 I-00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - M De Santis
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena, 299 I-00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - C Bruno
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena, 299 I-00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - S Conti
- Statistical Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena, 299 I-00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - P Comba
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena, 299 I-00161 Rome, Italy.
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Conti S, Karplus M. Estimation of the breadth of CD4bs targeting HIV antibodies by molecular modeling and machine learning. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1006954. [PMID: 30970017 PMCID: PMC6457539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV is a highly mutable virus for which all attempts to develop a vaccine have been unsuccessful. Nevertheless, few long-infected patients develop antibodies, called broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs), that have a high breadth and can neutralize multiple variants of the virus. This suggests that a universal HIV vaccine should be possible. A measure of the efficacy of a HIV vaccine is the neutralization breadth of the antibodies it generates. The breadth is defined as the fraction of viruses in the Seaman panel that are neutralized by the antibody. Experimentally the neutralization ability is measured as the half maximal inhibitory concentration of the antibody (IC50). To avoid such time-consuming experimental measurements, we developed a computational approach to estimate the IC50 and use it to determine the antibody breadth. Given that no direct method exists for calculating IC50 values, we resort to a combination of atomistic modeling and machine learning. For each antibody/virus complex, an all-atoms model is built using the amino acid sequence and a known structure of a related complex. Then a series of descriptors are derived from the atomistic models, and these are used to train a Multi-Layer Perceptron (an Artificial Neural Network) to predict the value of the IC50 (by regression), or if the antibody binds or not to the virus (by classification). The neural networks are trained by use of experimental IC50 values collected in the CATNAP database. The computed breadths obtained by regression and classification are reported and the importance of having some related information in the data set for obtaining accurate predictions is analyzed. This approach is expected to prove useful for the design of HIV bnAbs, where the computation of the potency must be accompanied by a computation of the breadth, and for evaluating the efficiency of potential vaccination schemes developed through modeling and simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Conti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Martin Karplus
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biophysique, ISIS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Cassani B, Soldano G, Finocchiaro D, Conti S, Bulfamante A, Lemorini G, Bulfamante G. Detection and genotyping of HPV-DNA through different types of diagnostic platforms in liquid-based cervical-cytology samples. Pathologica 2018; 110:294-301. [PMID: 30799441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present cervical cancer represents the second most common cancer in women worldwide and it reaches a global mortality rate of 52%. Only the early detection and the adequate treatment of pre-neoplastic lesions and early-stage cervical cancer decrease the mortality rate for this type of cancer. Cervical carcinoma screening, as a method of second prevention, is currently feasible through molecular research of high-risk HPV genotypes and in lots of organized screening programs the Pap-test is performed only in women with positive HPV-test. Currently, there are various diagnostic platforms detecting and molecular genotyping HPV, which are based on different procedures, determining uneven viral genotypes panels and using diverse type of vials to collect and store the samples. Previous studies have pointed out that DNA-HPV test can be negative in pre-neoplastic lesions, even of high grade, or in presence of cervical cancer. Therefore, it's important to assess the risk of false negative diagnoses using DNA-HPV molecular test, because in this circumstance women do not undergo immediately Pap-test, but they are submitted to second round screening with DNA-HPV test after 5 years: this protocol could increase the incidence of "interval cancers". The present study aims at comparing the results of HPV detection and genotyping on liquid based cervical cytology, using some of the most relevant diagnostic platforms in commerce. METHODS The study is based on a group of patients which went to their private gynecologist in a contest of opportunistic screening. The vial used in the examined population has been EASYPREP® preservative solution (YD Diagnostics CORP-Republic of Korea); liquid-based cervical cytology sampling has been done using a single device (plastic brush), allowing to collect simultaneously cytological material from exocervix and endocervix (Rovers® Cervex-Brush®). The diagnostic platforms employed have been the following: A) Digene HC2 HPV DNA Test, on RCS System (QIAGEN); B) BD Onclarity™ HPV test, on automate platform BD Viper™ LT (Becton Dickinson); C) Xpert® HPV, on GeneXpert® Infinity Systems platform (Cepheid). Every platform researched high-risk HPV genotypes panels (hr-HPV). Part of the clinical records has also been analyzed through PCR and genes L1 and E6/E7 complete sequencing, in order to further typing the viral population. RESULTS We have examined 1284 samples of women aged 16 to 73 years: 1125 have been tested using HC2 procedure, 272 samples with Onclarity method, 159 with Xpert® method and 55 samples have been analyzed using PCR and sequencing of gene L1 and gene E6/E7. HPV-DNA was detected with Onclarity method in 15,07%, with Xpert® method in 13,83% and using HC2 procedure in 12,27% of samples. The comparison between the three molecular methods revealed diagnostic discrepancies in 3,14% of our records between Onclarity test and Xpert® method and in 2,20% (6/272) between HC2 test and Onclarity test. Globally, in 431 tests, compared using different diagnostic platforms, discrepant diagnoses, referring to hr-HPV presence or to detected genotype, have been observed 11 times (2,55%). Genotype 16 appeared the most expressed in the positive samples (20,99%), whereas genotype 18 resulted the less expressed in the examined population (4,94%). DISCUSSION The present study highlights the following: 1) Positive results' percentage for high-risk HPV-DNA genotypes, deriving from the three diagnostic platforms used and with the same vial to collect and store samples, does not significantly vary on the basis of the type of equipment and it is congruent with the Italian percentage already detected during organized screening programs. 2) Even the molecular diagnostic approach could give false negative results, preventing the detection in the screened population of cervical HPV-related lesions and theoretically endangering women to develop "interval cancer". 3) In the population examined, genotype 16 has been the most expressed, whereas genotype 18 was among the less frequently detected. Other genotypes often noticed have been: 56-59-66 (Onclarity P3 group), 31, 51 and 35-39-68 (Onclarity P2 group). This remark emphasizes the importance of HPV infection and genotypes distribution's continuous monitoring, considering that HPV-vaccines planned in Italy in the "National vaccination prevention program 2017-2019" are not specific for the majority of these genotypes. 4) The necessity to improve the screening program to identify cervical carcinomas and pre-neoplastic cervical lesions is remarked by the detection during HPV-test of possible coinfection (present at least in 8,76% of our records). In fact, the risk of development of cervical cancer might be associated with type-specific interactions between genotypes in multiple infections and, in addition, other genotypes, not targeted by quadrivalent HPV-vaccine, can increase the risk of cervical carcinoma. 5) As there's a different combination of HPV-genotypes in diagnostic categories used by the HPV screening platforms, it's important that anyone who is in charge of this diagnostic analysis promotes among clinicians the adequate rendition of the laboratory's data in the patient records, reporting both the diagnostic result and the method through which it has been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cassani
- U.O.C. di Anatomia Patologica, Citogenetica e Patologia Molecolare, P.O. San Paolo, ASST dei Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italia; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italia; Servizio di medicina di laboratorio per il programma di screening lombardo del tumore della cervice uterina (D.D.G. n. 12386 del 28 novembre 2016)
| | - G Soldano
- U.O.C. di Anatomia Patologica, Citogenetica e Patologia Molecolare, P.O. San Paolo, ASST dei Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italia; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italia; Servizio di medicina di laboratorio per il programma di screening lombardo del tumore della cervice uterina (D.D.G. n. 12386 del 28 novembre 2016)
| | - D Finocchiaro
- U.O.C. di Anatomia Patologica, Citogenetica e Patologia Molecolare, P.O. San Paolo, ASST dei Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italia; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italia; Servizio di medicina di laboratorio per il programma di screening lombardo del tumore della cervice uterina (D.D.G. n. 12386 del 28 novembre 2016)
| | - S Conti
- U.O.C. di Anatomia Patologica, Citogenetica e Patologia Molecolare, P.O. San Paolo, ASST dei Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italia; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italia; Servizio di medicina di laboratorio per il programma di screening lombardo del tumore della cervice uterina (D.D.G. n. 12386 del 28 novembre 2016)
| | - A Bulfamante
- U.O.C. di Anatomia Patologica, Citogenetica e Patologia Molecolare, P.O. San Paolo, ASST dei Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italia; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italia; Servizio di medicina di laboratorio per il programma di screening lombardo del tumore della cervice uterina (D.D.G. n. 12386 del 28 novembre 2016)
| | - G Lemorini
- U.O.C. di Anatomia Patologica, Citogenetica e Patologia Molecolare, P.O. San Paolo, ASST dei Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italia; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italia; Servizio di medicina di laboratorio per il programma di screening lombardo del tumore della cervice uterina (D.D.G. n. 12386 del 28 novembre 2016)
| | - G Bulfamante
- U.O.C. di Anatomia Patologica, Citogenetica e Patologia Molecolare, P.O. San Paolo, ASST dei Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italia; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italia; Servizio di medicina di laboratorio per il programma di screening lombardo del tumore della cervice uterina (D.D.G. n. 12386 del 28 novembre 2016)
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22
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Madotto F, Mantovani LG, Riva MA, Fornari C, Cortesi PA, Conti S, Giupponi M, Cavalieri d'Oro L, Scalone L, Cesana G. Sustainability of the Italian National Health Service. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky212.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Madotto
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy
| | - LG Mantovani
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy
| | - MA Riva
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy
| | - C Fornari
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy
| | - PA Cortesi
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy
| | - S Conti
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy
| | - M Giupponi
- Local Health Authority (ATS) of Brianza, Monza, Italy
| | | | - L Scalone
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy
| | - G Cesana
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy
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23
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Giustozzi MG, Vedovati MC, Verso M, Conti S, Verdecchia P, Bogliari G, Pierpaoli L, Agnelli G, Becattini C. P6285Predictors of major bleeding in patients aged 90 years or over with atrial fibrillation on anticoagulant treatment. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p6285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M G Giustozzi
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - M C Vedovati
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - M Verso
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - S Conti
- Division of Cardiology, S. Matteo degli Infermi Hospital, Spoleto, Italy
| | - P Verdecchia
- Department of Medicine, Hospital of Assisi, Assisi, Italy
| | - G Bogliari
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Pierpaoli
- Santa Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna, Italy
| | - G Agnelli
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - C Becattini
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
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24
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Giustozzi MG, Vedovati MC, Verso M, Conti S, Verdecchia P, Bogliari G, Pierpaoli L, Agnelli G, Becattini C. P2246Effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulants in patients aged 90 years or older with atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M G Giustozzi
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - M C Vedovati
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - M Verso
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - S Conti
- Division of Cardiology, S. Matteo degli Infermi Hospital, Spoleto, Italy
| | - P Verdecchia
- Department of Medicine, Hospital of Assisi, Assisi, Italy
| | - G Bogliari
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Pierpaoli
- Santa Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna, Italy
| | - G Agnelli
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
| | - C Becattini
- Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine-Stroke Unit, Perugia, Italy
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25
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Conti S, Cecchini M. Modeling the adsorption equilibrium of small-molecule gases on graphene: effect of the volume to surface ratio. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:9770-9779. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08047f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption probability of molecules at surfaces depends on the available volume-to-surface ratio with important implications for 2D self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Conti
- UMR7006 CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- F-67083 Strasbourg Cedex
- France
| | - Marco Cecchini
- UMR7006 CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- F-67083 Strasbourg Cedex
- France
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Fonctions Moléculaires
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26
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Conti S, Perali A, Peeters FM, Neilson D. Multicomponent Electron-Hole Superfluidity and the BCS-BEC Crossover in Double Bilayer Graphene. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:257002. [PMID: 29303331 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.257002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Superfluidity in coupled electron-hole sheets of bilayer graphene is predicted here to be multicomponent because of the conduction and valence bands. We investigate the superfluid crossover properties as functions of the tunable carrier densities and the tunable energy band gap E_{g}. For small band gaps there is a significant boost in the two superfluid gaps, but the interaction-driven excitations from the valence to the conduction band can weaken the superfluidity, even blocking the system from entering the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) regime at low densities. At a given larger density, a band gap E_{g}∼80-120 meV can carry the system into the strong-pairing multiband BCS-BEC crossover regime, the optimal range for realization of high-T_{c} superfluidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Conti
- Dipartimenti di Fisica e di Farmacia, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - A Perali
- Dipartimenti di Fisica e di Farmacia, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - F M Peeters
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - D Neilson
- Dipartimenti di Fisica e di Farmacia, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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27
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Cortesi PA, Conti S, Scalone L, Ciaccio A, Okolicsanyi S, Rota M, Belli LS, Cesana G, Strazzabosco M, Mantovani LG. Difference in health related quality of life of chronic liver diseases and general population. Eur J Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx187.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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28
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Conti S, Klar M, Zwicknagl B. Piecewise affine stress-free martensitic inclusions in planar nonlinear elasticity. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2017; 473:20170235. [PMID: 28804265 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2017.0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We consider a partial differential inclusion problem which models stress-free martensitic inclusions in an austenitic matrix, based on the standard geometrically nonlinear elasticity theory. We show that for specific parameter choices there exist piecewise affine continuous solutions for the square-to-oblique and the hexagonal-to-oblique phase transitions. This suggests that for specific crystallographic parameters the hysteresis of the phase transformation will be particularly small.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Conti
- Institut für Angewandte Mathematik, Universität Bonn, Endenicher Allee 60, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Klar
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - B Zwicknagl
- Institut für Mathematik, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 40, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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29
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Vedovati M, Giustozzi M, Verdecchia P, Pierpaoli L, Conti S, Verso M, Filippucci E, Ascani A, Bogliari G, Agnelli G, Becattini C. P4621Patients with cancer and atrial fibrillation treated with NOACs: data from a prospective cohort. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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30
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Lim E, Conti S, Champagne J, Macle L, Novak P, Weerasooriya R, Verma A. IMPACT OF CONTACT FORCE SENSING ON OUTCOMES DURING ABLATION OF PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: THE MULTICENTER, RANDOMIZED TOUCH AF TRIAL. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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31
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Alipour P, Khaykin Y, Azizi Z, Pirbaglou M, Conti S, Pantano A, Ritvo P, Verma A. WHAT IS THE SUCCESS RATE OF PULMONARY VEIN ISOLATION? Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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32
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Conti S, del Rosso MG, Ciesielski A, Weippert J, Böttcher A, Shin Y, Melinte G, Ersen O, Casiraghi C, Feng X, Müllen K, Kappes MM, Samorì P, Cecchini M. Cover Picture: Perchlorination of Coronene Enhances its Propensity for Self-Assembly on Graphene (ChemPhysChem 3/2016). Chemphyschem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Conti
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Fonctions Moléculaires; ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg & CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg (France
| | - Maria G. del Rosso
- Nanochemistry Laboratory; ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg & CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg (France
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- Nanochemistry Laboratory; ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg & CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg (France
| | - Jürgen Weippert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany
| | - Artur Böttcher
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany
| | - Yuyoung Shin
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford road Manchester M13 9PL (UK
| | - Georgian Melinte
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS); UMR 7504; 23, rue du Loess 67037 Cedex 08 Strasbourg (France
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS); UMR 7504; 23, rue du Loess 67037 Cedex 08 Strasbourg (France
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford road Manchester M13 9PL (UK
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Max Plank Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz (Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry; Technische Universitaet Dresden; 01062 Dresden (Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Plank Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz (Germany
| | - Manfred M. Kappes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Nanochemistry Laboratory; ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg & CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg (France
| | - Marco Cecchini
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Fonctions Moléculaires; ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg & CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg (France
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33
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Conti S, Rosso MGD, Ciesielski A, Weippert J, Böttcher A, Shin Y, Melinte G, Ersen O, Casiraghi C, Feng X, Müllen K, Kappes MM, Samorì P, Cecchini M. Perchlorination of Coronene Enhances its Propensity for Self-Assembly on Graphene. Chemphyschem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Conti
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Fonctions Moléculaires; ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg & CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Maria G. del Rosso
- Nanochemistry Laboratory; ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg & CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- Nanochemistry Laboratory; ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg & CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Jürgen Weippert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Artur Böttcher
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Yuyoung Shin
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Georgian Melinte
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS); UMR 7504; 23, rue du Loess 67037 Cedex 08 Strasbourg France
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS); UMR 7504; 23, rue du Loess 67037 Cedex 08 Strasbourg France
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Max Plank Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry; Technische Universitaet Dresden; 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Plank Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Manfred M. Kappes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Nanochemistry Laboratory; ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg & CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Marco Cecchini
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Fonctions Moléculaires; ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg & CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
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34
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Conti S, Cecchini M. Predicting molecular self-assembly at surfaces: a statistical thermodynamics and modeling approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:31480-31493. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05249e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A self-consistent framework based on modeling and statistical mechanics for the theoretical interpretation of self-assembly at surfaces and interfaces is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Conti
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Fonctions Moléculaires ISIS
- UMR 7006 CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- F-67083 Strasbourg Cedex
- France
| | - Marco Cecchini
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Fonctions Moléculaires ISIS
- UMR 7006 CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- F-67083 Strasbourg Cedex
- France
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35
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Conti S, del Rosso MG, Ciesielski A, Weippert J, Böttcher A, Shin Y, Melinte G, Ersen O, Casiraghi C, Feng X, Müllen K, Kappes MM, Samorì P, Cecchini M. Perchlorination of Coronene Enhances its Propensity for Self-Assembly on Graphene. Chemphyschem 2015; 17:352-7. [PMID: 26663716 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201501113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Providing a quantitative understanding of the thermodynamics involved in molecular adsorption and self-assembly at a nanostructured carbon material is of fundamental importance and finds outstanding applications in the graphene era. Here, we study the effect of edge perchlorination of coronene, which is a prototypical polyaromatic hydrocarbon, on the binding affinity for the basal planes of graphite. First, by comparing the desorption barrier of hydrogenated versus perchlorinated coronene measured by temperature-programmed desorption, we quantify the enhancement of the strength of physisorption at the single-molecule level though chlorine substitution. Then, by a thermodynamic analysis of the corresponding monolayers based on force-field calculations and statistical mechanics, we show that perchlorination decreases the free energy of self-assembly, not only enthalpically (by enhancing the strength of surface binding), but also entropically (by decreasing the surface concentration). The functional advantage of a chemically modulated 2D self-assembly is demonstrated in the context of the molecule-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite into graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Conti
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Fonctions Moléculaires, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg (France
| | - Maria G del Rosso
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg (France
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg (France
| | - Jürgen Weippert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131, Karlsruhe (Germany
| | - Artur Böttcher
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131, Karlsruhe (Germany
| | - Yuyoung Shin
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK
| | - Georgian Melinte
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504, 23, rue du Loess, 67037 Cedex 08, Strasbourg (France
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504, 23, rue du Loess, 67037 Cedex 08, Strasbourg (France
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Max Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz (Germany.,Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Dresden, 01062, Dresden (Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz (Germany
| | - Manfred M Kappes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131, Karlsruhe (Germany.
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg (France.
| | - Marco Cecchini
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Fonctions Moléculaires, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg (France.
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Madotto F, Fornari C, Chiodini V, Mantovani LG, Conti S, Cesana G. Use of implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy in Lombardy from 2005 to 2010. Eur J Public Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv175.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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37
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Conti S, Madotto F, Caminati A, Cesana G, Harari S. Epidemiology and clinical course of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Northern Italy, in 2005–2010. Eur J Public Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv175.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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38
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Marini ES, Giampietri C, Petrungaro S, Conti S, Filippini A, Scorrano L, Ziparo E. The endogenous caspase-8 inhibitor c-FLIPL regulates ER morphology and crosstalk with mitochondria. Cell Death Differ 2015; 22:1131-43. [PMID: 25501600 PMCID: PMC4572861 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Components of the death receptor-mediated pathways like caspase-8 have been identified in complexes at intracellular membranes to spatially restrict the processing of local targets. In this study, we report that the long isoform of the cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP(L)), a well-known inhibitor of the extrinsic cell death initiator caspase-8, localizes at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). ER morphology was disrupted and ER Ca(2+)-release as well as ER-mitochondria tethering was decreased in c-FLIP(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Mechanistically, c-FLIP ablation resulted in enhanced basal caspase-8 activation and in caspase-mediated processing of the ER-shaping protein reticulon-4 (RTN4) that was corrected by re-introduction of c-FLIP(L) and caspase inhibition, resulting in the recovery of a normal ER morphology and ER-mitochondria juxtaposition. Thus, the caspase-8 inhibitor c-FLIP(L) emerges as a component of the MAMs signaling platforms, where caspases appear to regulate ER morphology and ER-mitochondria crosstalk by impinging on ER-shaping proteins like the RTN4.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Marini
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, DAHFMO – Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C Giampietri
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, DAHFMO – Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S Petrungaro
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, DAHFMO – Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S Conti
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, DAHFMO – Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Filippini
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, DAHFMO – Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Dulbecco-Telethon Institute, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - E Ziparo
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, DAHFMO – Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Haar S, Ciesielski A, Clough J, Yang H, Mazzaro R, Richard F, Conti S, Merstorf N, Cecchini M, Morandi V, Casiraghi C, Samorì P. A supramolecular strategy to leverage the liquid-phase exfoliation of graphene in the presence of surfactants: unraveling the role of the length of fatty acids. Small 2015; 11:1691-1702. [PMID: 25504589 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201402745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Achieving the full control over the production as well as processability of high-quality graphene represents a major challenge with potential interest in the field of fabrication of multifunctional devices. The outstanding effort dedicated to tackle this challenge in the last decade revealed that certain organic molecules are capable of leveraging the exfoliation of graphite with different efficiencies. Here, a fundamental understanding on a straightforward supramolecular approach for producing homogenous dispersions of unfunctionalized and non-oxidized graphene nanosheets in four different solvents is attained, namely N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, N,N-dimethylformamide, ortho-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. In particular, a comparative study on the liquid-phase exfoliation of graphene in the presence of linear alkanes of different lengths terminated by a carboxylic-acid head group is performed. These molecules act as graphene dispersion-stabilizing agents during the exfoliation process. The efficiency of the exfoliation in terms of concentration of exfoliated graphene is found to be proportional to the length of the employed fatty acid. Importantly, a high percentage of single-layer graphene flakes is revealed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analyses. A simple yet effective thermodynamic model is developed to interpret the chain-length dependence of the exfoliation yield. This approach relying on the synergistic effect of a ad-hoc solvent and molecules to promote the exfoliation of graphene in liquid media represents a promising and modular strategy towards the rational design of improved dispersion-stabilizing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Haar
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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40
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Bonacchi S, El Garah M, Ciesielski A, Herder M, Conti S, Cecchini M, Hecht S, Samorì P. Surface-Induced Selection During In Situ Photoswitching at the Solid/Liquid Interface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201412215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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41
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Bonacchi S, El Garah M, Ciesielski A, Herder M, Conti S, Cecchini M, Hecht S, Samorì P. Surface-induced selection during in situ photoswitching at the solid/liquid interface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:4865-9. [PMID: 25728405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201412215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Here we report for the first time a submolecularly resolved scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) study at the solid/liquid interface of the in situ reversible interconversion between two isomers of a diarylethene photoswitch, that is, open and closed form, self-assembled on a graphite surface. Prolonged irradiation with UV light led to the in situ irreversible formation of another isomer as by-product of the reaction, which due to its preferential physisorption accumulates at the surface. By making use of a simple yet powerful thermodynamic model we provide a quantitative description for the observed surface-induced selection of one isomeric form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bonacchi
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg (France)
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42
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Conti S, Fornari C, Madotto F, Cesana G. A Systematic Review of Methods to Assess the Economic Impact of Air Pollution. Value Health 2014; 17:A549. [PMID: 27201786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Conti
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - C Fornari
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - F Madotto
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - G Cesana
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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43
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Fornari C, Conti S, Ciampichini R, Chiodini V, Mantovani LG, Madotto F, Cesana G. The Cost Of Illness Of Atrial Fibrillation In Italy: A Cohort Of Hospitalized Patients. Value Health 2014; 17:A484. [PMID: 27201421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Fornari
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - S Conti
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - V Chiodini
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - F Madotto
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - G Cesana
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Madotto F, Fornari C, Chiodini V, Mantovani LG, Zecchin M, Proclemer A, Conti S, Cesana G. Linking Health Care Administrative Databases And National Registry Data In Order To Monitor Icd Therapy In Italy. Value Health 2014; 17:A485. [PMID: 27201426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Madotto
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - C Fornari
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - V Chiodini
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - M Zecchin
- "Ospedali Riuniti" Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Proclemer
- "S. Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - S Conti
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - G Cesana
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Lafranconi A, Conti S, Donghi E, Cazzato N, Ferraroli A, Cesana GC, Gattinoni A. A five year-assessment of children nutritional status in a district of Northern Italy: the impact of season. Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku165.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Cassis P, Solini S, Azzollini N, Aiello S, Rocchetta F, Conti S, Novelli R, Gagliardini E, Mister M, Rapezzi F, Rapezzi S, Benigni A, Remuzzi G, Conway EM, Noris M. An unanticipated role for survivin in organ transplant damage. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:1046-60. [PMID: 24731002 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major determinant of graft survival in kidney transplantation. Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis that participates in the control of mitosis and cell cycle progression, has been implicated in renal protection and repair after I/R injury; however, no study has been performed in the transplant setting. We investigated the role of survivin in modulating posttransplant I/R injury in syngeneic and allogeneic kidney grafts, and studied whether protection from I/R injury impacted on the recipient immune system, on chronic allograft nephropathy and rejection. We used genetically engineered mice with survivin haploinsufficiency and WT mice in which survivin over-expression was induced by gene-delivery. Survivin haploinsufficiency in syngeneic grafts was associated with exuberant I/R tissue injury, which triggered inflammation eventually resulting in graft loss. Conversely, survivin over-expression in the grafts minimized I/R injury and dysfunction in syngeneic grafts and in a clinically relevant fully MHC-mismatched allogeneic combination. In the latter, survivin over-expression translated into limited anti-donor adaptive immune response and less long-term allograft injury with protection from renal parenchymal damage. Our data support survivin over-expression in the graft as a novel target for protocols aimed at limiting tissue damage at the time of transplant ultimately modulating the recipient immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cassis
- Centro Ricerche Trapianti, "Chiara Cucchi de Alessandri e Gilberto Crespi", IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Ranica, Bergamo, Italy
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47
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Cafarchia C, Immediato D, Paola GD, Magliani W, Ciociola T, Conti S, Otranto D, Polonelli L. In vitro and in vivo activity of a killer peptide against Malassezia pachydermatis causing otitis in dogs. Med Mycol 2014; 52:350-5. [DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myt016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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48
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Cesari C, Conti S, Zacchini S, Zanotti V, Cassani MC, Mazzoni R. Sterically driven synthesis of ruthenium and ruthenium–silver N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:17240-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02747g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A sterically driven synthetic route from non-bulky silver NHC to novel Ru(NHC) complexes and from bulky Ag(NHC) to unprecedented heterobimetallic Ru–Ag(NHC) complexes is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Cesari
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - S. Conti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - S. Zacchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - V. Zanotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - M. C. Cassani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - R. Mazzoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- 40136 Bologna, Italy
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49
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Zenner D, Conti S, Yin Z, Kall M, Kruijshaar M, Rice B, Lipman M, Pozniak A, Abubakar I, Delpech V. S58 TB co-infection is associated with poor survival among HIV infected patients in england and wales. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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50
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Chaurasia S, Pieraccini S, De Gonda R, Conti S, Sironi M. Molecular insights into the stabilization of protein–protein interactions with small molecule: The FKBP12–rapamycin–FRB case study. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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