1
|
Life expectancy associated with different ages at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in high-income countries: 23 million person-years of observation. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2023; 11:731-742. [PMID: 37708900 PMCID: PMC7615299 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00223-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing rapidly, particularly among younger age groups. Estimates suggest that people with diabetes die, on average, 6 years earlier than people without diabetes. We aimed to provide reliable estimates of the associations between age at diagnosis of diabetes and all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and reductions in life expectancy. METHODS For this observational study, we conducted a combined analysis of individual-participant data from 19 high-income countries using two large-scale data sources: the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration (96 cohorts, median baseline years 1961-2007, median latest follow-up years 1980-2013) and the UK Biobank (median baseline year 2006, median latest follow-up year 2020). We calculated age-adjusted and sex-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality according to age at diagnosis of diabetes using data from 1 515 718 participants, in whom deaths were recorded during 23·1 million person-years of follow-up. We estimated cumulative survival by applying age-specific HRs to age-specific death rates from 2015 for the USA and the EU. FINDINGS For participants with diabetes, we observed a linear dose-response association between earlier age at diagnosis and higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with participants without diabetes. HRs were 2·69 (95% CI 2·43-2·97) when diagnosed at 30-39 years, 2·26 (2·08-2·45) at 40-49 years, 1·84 (1·72-1·97) at 50-59 years, 1·57 (1·47-1·67) at 60-69 years, and 1·39 (1·29-1·51) at 70 years and older. HRs per decade of earlier diagnosis were similar for men and women. Using death rates from the USA, a 50-year-old individual with diabetes died on average 14 years earlier when diagnosed aged 30 years, 10 years earlier when diagnosed aged 40 years, or 6 years earlier when diagnosed aged 50 years than an individual without diabetes. Using EU death rates, the corresponding estimates were 13, 9, or 5 years earlier. INTERPRETATION Every decade of earlier diagnosis of diabetes was associated with about 3-4 years of lower life expectancy, highlighting the need to develop and implement interventions that prevent or delay the onset of diabetes and to intensify the treatment of risk factors among young adults diagnosed with diabetes. FUNDING British Heart Foundation, Medical Research Council, National Institute for Health and Care Research, and Health Data Research UK.
Collapse
|
2
|
571 Impact of HEMT on chronic rhinosinusitis: 2-year follow-up with machine learning computed tomography analysis and patient-reported outcomes. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)01261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
3
|
ePS5.05 Cystic fibrosis chronic rhinosinusitis: implications of automated versus manual sinus computed tomography (CT) analysis and patient-reported symptoms. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)00323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
4
|
Well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic G3 NET: findings from a large single centre cohort. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17947. [PMID: 34504148 PMCID: PMC8429701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97247-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine neoplasms are known to have heterogeneous biological behavior. G3 neuroendocrine tumours (NET G3) are characterized by well-differentiated morphology and Ki67 > 20%. The prognosis of this disease is understood to be intermediate between NET G2 and neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC). Clinical management of NET G3 is challenging due to limited data to inform treatment strategies. We describe clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes in a large single centre cohort of patients with gastroenteropancreatic NET G3. Data was reviewed from 26 cases managed at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK, from 2012 to 2019. Most commonly the site of the primary tumour was unknown and majority of cases with identifiable primaries originated in the GI tract. Majority of cases demonstrated somatostatin receptor avidity. Median Ki67 was 30%, and most cases had stage IV disease at diagnosis. Treatment options included surgery, somatostatin analogs (SSA), and chemotherapy with either platinum-based or temozolomide-based regimens. Estimated progression free survival was 4 months following initiation of SSA and 3 months following initiation of chemotherapy. Disease control was observed following treatment in 5/11 patients treated with chemotherapy. Estimated median survival was 19 months; estimated 1 year survival was 60% and estimated 2 year survival was 13%. NET G3 is a heterogeneous group of tumours and patients which commonly have advanced disease at presentation. Prognosis is typically poor, though select cases may respond to treatment with SSA and/or chemotherapy. Further study is needed to compare efficacy of different treatment strategies for this disease.
Collapse
|
5
|
P1.11-17 Osteoporosis, Coronary Artery Calcification, and COPD in a Lung Cancer Screening Cohort. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
6
|
Risk Of Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes In Primary Care Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: A Prospective Cohort Study. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
7
|
Subclinical Atherosclerosis And Its Progression Is Modulated By Plin2 Through A Feed-Forward Loop Between Lxr And Autophagy. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
Coronary heart disease mortality in severe and non-severe familial hyper-cholesterolaemia : data from the uk simon broome fh register. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
9
|
Coronary heart disease mortality in treated familial hypercholesterolaemia : Update of the UK Simon Broome FH register. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Cost-utility analysis of searching electronic health records and cascade testing to identify and diagnose familial hypercholesterolaemia in England and Wales. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
11
|
P3645Interleukin 8 (IL-8), but not GRO-a, associates with carotid intima-media thickness. Results from the IMPROVE study. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
12
|
Genetic testing for Familial Hypercholesterolaemia in the genomic era. The utility of an NGS test for monogenic and polygenic hypercholesterolaemia. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
13
|
Standardising genetic variant classification for FH – application of the ACMG guidelines. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
14
|
How many patients with a monogenic diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolemia are currently known in UK lipid clinics? ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Leukocyte telomere length, genetically determined, is causally associated with the progression of carotid Intima-Media Thickness and incidence of cardiovascular events. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
16
|
Atherosclerosis in monogenic Familial Hypercholesterolaemia versus polygenic hypercholesterolaemia. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
17
|
Identification of the functional variant(s) behind the GWAS SNP for lower LDL-C and risk of CHD rs6511720. Atherosclerosis 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
18
|
Large-scale gene-centric meta-analysis across 32 studies identifies multiple lipid loci. Am J Hum Genet 2012; 91:823-38. [PMID: 23063622 PMCID: PMC3487124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many SNPs underlying variations in plasma-lipid levels. We explore whether additional loci associated with plasma-lipid phenotypes, such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TGs), can be identified by a dense gene-centric approach. Our meta-analysis of 32 studies in 66,240 individuals of European ancestry was based on the custom ∼50,000 SNP genotyping array (the ITMAT-Broad-CARe array) covering ∼2,000 candidate genes. SNP-lipid associations were replicated either in a cohort comprising an additional 24,736 samples or within the Global Lipid Genetic Consortium. We identified four, six, ten, and four unreported SNPs in established lipid genes for HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, and TGs, respectively. We also identified several lipid-related SNPs in previously unreported genes: DGAT2, HCAR2, GPIHBP1, PPARG, and FTO for HDL-C; SOCS3, APOH, SPTY2D1, BRCA2, and VLDLR for LDL-C; SOCS3, UGT1A1, BRCA2, UBE3B, FCGR2A, CHUK, and INSIG2 for TC; and SERPINF2, C4B, GCK, GATA4, INSR, and LPAL2 for TGs. The proportion of explained phenotypic variance in the subset of studies providing individual-level data was 9.9% for HDL-C, 9.5% for LDL-C, 10.3% for TC, and 8.0% for TGs. This large meta-analysis of lipid phenotypes with the use of a dense gene-centric approach identified multiple SNPs not previously described in established lipid genes and several previously unknown loci. The explained phenotypic variance from this approach was comparable to that from a meta-analysis of GWAS data, suggesting that a focused genotyping approach can further increase the understanding of heritability of plasma lipids.
Collapse
|
19
|
Relationship between calcaneal quantitative ultrasound and hip dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in young healthy men. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23:1947-56. [PMID: 22222754 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
20
|
Meta-analysis of Dense Genecentric Association Studies Reveals Common and Uncommon Variants Associated with Height. Am J Hum Genet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
21
|
Large-Scale Gene-Centric Meta-Analysis across 39 Studies Identifies Type 2 Diabetes Loci. Am J Hum Genet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
22
|
Large-scale gene-centric meta-analysis across 39 studies identifies type 2 diabetes loci. Am J Hum Genet 2012; 90:410-25. [PMID: 22325160 PMCID: PMC3309185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify genetic factors contributing to type 2 diabetes (T2D), we performed large-scale meta-analyses by using a custom ∼50,000 SNP genotyping array (the ITMAT-Broad-CARe array) with ∼2000 candidate genes in 39 multiethnic population-based studies, case-control studies, and clinical trials totaling 17,418 cases and 70,298 controls. First, meta-analysis of 25 studies comprising 14,073 cases and 57,489 controls of European descent confirmed eight established T2D loci at genome-wide significance. In silico follow-up analysis of putative association signals found in independent genome-wide association studies (including 8,130 cases and 38,987 controls) performed by the DIAGRAM consortium identified a T2D locus at genome-wide significance (GATAD2A/CILP2/PBX4; p = 5.7 × 10(-9)) and two loci exceeding study-wide significance (SREBF1, and TH/INS; p < 2.4 × 10(-6)). Second, meta-analyses of 1,986 cases and 7,695 controls from eight African-American studies identified study-wide-significant (p = 2.4 × 10(-7)) variants in HMGA2 and replicated variants in TCF7L2 (p = 5.1 × 10(-15)). Third, conditional analysis revealed multiple known and novel independent signals within five T2D-associated genes in samples of European ancestry and within HMGA2 in African-American samples. Fourth, a multiethnic meta-analysis of all 39 studies identified T2D-associated variants in BCL2 (p = 2.1 × 10(-8)). Finally, a composite genetic score of SNPs from new and established T2D signals was significantly associated with increased risk of diabetes in African-American, Hispanic, and Asian populations. In summary, large-scale meta-analysis involving a dense gene-centric approach has uncovered additional loci and variants that contribute to T2D risk and suggests substantial overlap of T2D association signals across multiple ethnic groups.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
SUMMARY
The ability of insects to adhere to surfaces is facilitated by the use of adhesive organs found on the terminal leg segments. These adhesive pads are inherently ‘tacky’ and are expected to be subject to contamination by particulates, leading to loss of function. Here, we investigated the self-cleaning of ants and beetles by comparing the abilities of both hairy and smooth pad forms to self-clean on both high and low energy surfaces after being fouled with microspheres of two sizes and surface energies. We focused on the time taken to regain adhesive potential in unrestrained Hymenopterans (Polyrhachis dives and Myrmica scabrinodis) and Coccinellids (Harmonia axyridis and Adalia bipunctata) fouled with microspheres. We found that the reattainment of adhesion is influenced by particle type and size in Hymenopterans, with an interaction between the surface energy of the contaminating particle and substrate. In Coccinellids, reattainment of adhesion was only influenced by particle size and substrate properties. The adhesive organs of Coccinellids appear to possess superior self-cleaning abilities compared with those of Hymenopterans, although Hymenopterans exhibit better adhesion to both surface types.
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Blood pressure loci identified with a gene-centric array. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 89:688-700. [PMID: 22100073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Raised blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have identified 47 distinct genetic variants robustly associated with BP, but collectively these explain only a few percent of the heritability for BP phenotypes. To find additional BP loci, we used a bespoke gene-centric array to genotype an independent discovery sample of 25,118 individuals that combined hypertensive case-control and general population samples. We followed up four SNPs associated with BP at our p < 8.56 × 10(-7) study-specific significance threshold and six suggestively associated SNPs in a further 59,349 individuals. We identified and replicated a SNP at LSP1/TNNT3, a SNP at MTHFR-NPPB independent (r(2) = 0.33) of previous reports, and replicated SNPs at AGT and ATP2B1 reported previously. An analysis of combined discovery and follow-up data identified SNPs significantly associated with BP at p < 8.56 × 10(-7) at four further loci (NPR3, HFE, NOS3, and SOX6). The high number of discoveries made with modest genotyping effort can be attributed to using a large-scale yet targeted genotyping array and to the development of a weighting scheme that maximized power when meta-analyzing results from samples ascertained with extreme phenotypes, in combination with results from nonascertained or population samples. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and transcript expression data highlight potential gene regulatory mechanisms at the MTHFR and NOS3 loci. These results provide candidates for further study to help dissect mechanisms affecting BP and highlight the utility of studying SNPs and samples that are independent of those studied previously even when the sample size is smaller than that in previous studies.
Collapse
|
26
|
Bayesian methods for meta-analysis of causal relationships estimated using genetic instrumental variables. Stat Med 2010; 29:1298-311. [PMID: 20209660 DOI: 10.1002/sim.3843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genetic markers can be used as instrumental variables, in an analogous way to randomization in a clinical trial, to estimate the causal relationship between a phenotype and an outcome variable. Our purpose is to extend the existing methods for such Mendelian randomization studies to the context of multiple genetic markers measured in multiple studies, based on the analysis of individual participant data. First, for a single genetic marker in one study, we show that the usual ratio of coefficients approach can be reformulated as a regression with heterogeneous error in the explanatory variable. This can be implemented using a Bayesian approach, which is next extended to include multiple genetic markers. We then propose a hierarchical model for undertaking a meta-analysis of multiple studies, in which it is not necessary that the same genetic markers are measured in each study. This provides an overall estimate of the causal relationship between the phenotype and the outcome, and an assessment of its heterogeneity across studies. As an example, we estimate the causal relationship of blood concentrations of C-reactive protein on fibrinogen levels using data from 11 studies. These methods provide a flexible framework for efficient estimation of causal relationships derived from multiple studies. Issues discussed include weak instrument bias, analysis of binary outcome data such as disease risk, missing genetic data, and the use of haplotypes.
Collapse
|
27
|
MS260 GENDER-DEPENDENT RISK ASSOCIATION OF UCP2-UCP3 LOCUS FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND OBESITY AMONG TURKS. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
28
|
MS252 ASSOCIATION OF USF1-S2 POLYMORPHISM WITH T2DM RISK IN THE TURKISH ADULT MALE POPULATION. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70753-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
29
|
MS215 IDENTIFICATION OF GENES ASSOCIATED WITH QT INTERVAL USING THE 50K CARDIO-METABOLIC SNP CHIP: RESULTS FROM THE WHITEHALL II STUDY. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70716-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
30
|
RF tumour ablation: Computer simulation and mathematical modelling of the effects of electrical and thermal conductivity. Int J Hyperthermia 2009; 21:199-213. [PMID: 16019848 DOI: 10.1080/02656730400001108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study determined the effects of thermal conductivity on RF ablation tissue heating using mathematical modelling and computer simulations of RF heating coupled to thermal transport. Computer simulation of the Bio-Heat equation coupled with temperature-dependent solutions for RF electric fields (ETherm) was used to generate temperature profiles 2 cm away from a 3 cm internally-cooled electrode. Multiple conditions of clinically relevant electrical conductivities (0.07-12 S m-1) and 'tumour' radius (5-30 mm) at a given background electrical conductivity (0.12 S m-1) were studied. Temperature response surfaces were plotted for six thermal conductivities, ranging from 0.3-2 W m-1 degrees C (the range of anticipated clinical and experimental systems). A temperature response surface was obtained for each thermal conductivity at 25 electrical conductivities and 17 radii (n=425 temperature data points). The simulated temperature response was fit to a mathematical model derived from prior phantom data. This mathematical model is of the form (T=a+bRc exp(dR) s(f) exp(g)(s)) for RF generator-energy dependent situations and (T=h+k exp(mR)+n?exp(p)(s)) for RF generator-current limited situations, where T is the temperature (degrees C) 2 cm from the electrode and a, b, c, d, f, g, h, k, m, n and p are fitting parameters. For each of the thermal conductivity temperature profiles generated, the mathematical model fit the response surface to an r2 of 0.97-0.99. Parameters a, b, c, d, f, k and m were highly correlated to thermal conductivity (r2=0.96-0.99). The monotonic progression of fitting parameters permitted their mathematical expression using simple functions. Additionally, the effect of thermal conductivity simplified the above equation to the extent that g, h, n and p were found to be invariant. Thus, representation of the temperature response surface could be accurately expressed as a function of electrical conductivity, radius and thermal conductivity. As a result, the non-linear temperature response of RF induced heating can be adequately expressed mathematically as a function of electrical conductivity, radius and thermal conductivity. Hence, thermal conductivity accounts for some of the previously unexplained variance. Furthermore, the addition of this variable into the mathematical model substantially simplifies the equations and, as such, it is expected that this will permit improved prediction of RF ablation induced temperatures in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract: 522 FVII, FVIIA AND DOWNSTREAM MARKERS OF EXTRINSIC PATHWAY ACTIVATION DIFFER BY EPCR SER219GLY VARIANT IN HEALTHY MEN. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
32
|
Abstract: P874 TELOMERE LENGTH IS ASSOCIATED WITH OXIDATIVE STRESS AND UCP2 GENE VARIATION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70995-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
33
|
Abstract: 527 GENETIC DETERMINANTS OF LDL-C LEVELS: USING THE 50K CARDIO-METABOLIC CHIP TO EXPLORE THE GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF LIPID TRAITS IN WHITEHALL II. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
34
|
Abstract: P833 APPLICABILITY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK PREDICTOR “SCORE” TO PATIENTS WITH FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)71187-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
35
|
THE ASSOCIATION OF TELOMERE LENGTH WITH PATERNAL HISTORY OF PREMATURE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN THE EUROPEAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS RESEARCH STUDY II. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
36
|
ACTIVATION OF EXTRINSIC COAGULATION PATHWAY IN HEALTH THAT INDEPENDENTLY PREDICTS LATER ONSET OF HEART DISEASE, IS MODIFIED BY GENOTYPE. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70584-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
37
|
STATINS INCREASE EXPRESSION OF PLA2G7 IN MOUSE PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70803-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
38
|
CAROTID INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS AS MARKER OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS: RESULTIS OF THE IMPROVE STUDY. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70851-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
39
|
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE IL6-6331T > C POLYMORPHISM AND METABOLIC SYNDROME IN THE TURKISH ADULT RISK FACTOR (TARF) STUDY. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
40
|
THE GENDER LIMITED EFFECT USF1 GENE POLYMORPHISMS IN THE TURKISH ADULT RISK FACTOR (TARF) STUDY. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70436-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
41
|
EUROPEAN GUIDELINES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (ENDING). FOURTH JOINT TASK FORCE OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY AND OTHER SOCIETIES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2008-4-4-90-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
42
|
EUROPEAN GUIDELINES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE FOURTH JOINT TASK FORCE OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY AND OTHER SOCIETIES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE . RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2008-4-3-111-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
43
|
Computer modeling of the effect of perfusion on heating patterns in radiofrequency tumor ablation. Int J Hyperthermia 2007; 23:49-58. [PMID: 17575723 DOI: 10.1080/02656730601094415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To use an established computer simulation model of radiofrequency (RF) ablation to further characterize the effect of varied perfusion on RF heating for commonly used RF durations and electrode types, and different tumor sizes. METHODS Computer simulation of RF heating using 2-D and 3-D finite element analysis (Etherm) was performed. Simulated RF application was systematically modeled on clinically relevant application parameters for a range of inner tumor perfusion (0-5 kg/m3-s) and outer normal surrounding tissue perfusion (0-5 kg/m3-s) for internally cooled 3-cm single and 2.5-cm cluster electrodes over a range of tumor diameters (2-5 cm), and RF application times (5-60 min; n = 4618 simulations). Tissue heating patterns and the time required to heat the entire tumor +/- a 5-mm margin to > 50 degrees C were assessed. Three-dimensional surface response contours were generated, and linear and higher order curve-fitting was performed. RESULTS For both electrodes, increasing overall tissue perfusion exponentially decreased the overall distance of the 50 degrees C isotherm (R2 = 0.94). Simultaneously, increasing overall perfusion exponentially decreased the time required to achieve thermal equilibrium (R2 = 0.94). Furthermore, the relative effect of inner and outer perfusion varied with increasing tumor size. For smaller tumors (2 cm diameter, 3-cm single; 2-3 cm diameter, cluster), the ability and time to achieve tumor ablation was largely determined by the outer tissue perfusion value. However, for larger tumors (4-5 cm diameter single; 5 cm diameter cluster), inner tumor perfusion had the predominant effect. CONCLUSION Computer modeling demonstrates that perfusion reduces both RF coagulation and the time to achieve thermal equilibrium. These results further show the importance of considering not only tumor perfusion, but also size (in addition to background tissue perfusion) when attempting to predict the effect of perfusion on RF heating and ablation times.
Collapse
|
44
|
Mo-W7:6 Tagging SNP haplotype analysis of the secretory PLA2-IIA gene PLA2G2A shows strong association with serum levels of SPLA2IIA. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)80067-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
45
|
We-W33:6 Variation in the UCP2-UCP3 gene cluster predicts the development of type 2 diabetes in healthy middle-aged men. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)81252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
46
|
We-P11:103 Identified variants in the adiponectin gene act as markers for the metabolic syndrome in Southern Europe but not the North. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)81457-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
47
|
Mo-P6:381 An arms-based diagnostic kit for genetic testing for familial hypercholesterolemia in the UK. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)80511-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
48
|
Dietary intake and gene variation influence the response of plasma lipids to dietary intervention. Genet Epidemiol 2005; 9:249-60. [PMID: 1356882 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.1370090404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We have examined whether variation at the apolipoprotein (apo) B, apo E, apo AII, and apo AI-CIII-AIV genes affected the relationship between dietary intake and serum lipid traits in individuals who had participated in dietary intervention from a basal high fat diet to a low fat diet followed by a return to their natural diet, the switchback. On both the basal and switchback diets where the variance of dietary intake was great, there was a significant correlation between P/S ratio and serum total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and apo AI levels. In addition dietary cholesterol (dchol) levels correlated significantly with serum apo AI levels on the basal diet. Comparing the difference between basal and intervention (delta 1) and between switchback and intervention diets (delta 2), changes in dchol and P/S ratio correlated significantly with changes in serum total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and LDL cholesterol, and apo B levels. There was a significant correlation between monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and apo AI levels during both changes. Furthermore we have examined whether the relationship between variables was homogeneous among genotypes of candidate gene polymorphisms. A heterogeneous effect (P less than 0.01) was seen among genotypes of the PvuII-AIV restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) on the correlation of serum LDL cholesterol levels and dietary MUFA during both dietary changes (delta 1 and delta 2). A heterogeneous effect among genotypes of the apo B XbaI RFLP on the correlation between dchol versus total and LDL cholesterol during the change delta 1, but not delta 2, was observed. Thus our results show that both dietary components and genetic variation affect the response of serum lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein levels to dietary change.
Collapse
|
49
|
W12-P-066 Insight into the nature of the CRP-coronary event association using mendelian randomisation. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(05)80309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
50
|
MTE01-IS-001 European network for inherited dyslipidaemias (ENID). ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(05)80686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|