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Morrie RD, Bayrer J, Brierley S, Ingraham H, Julius D. SPARC ‐ Mapping Gut‐Spinal Cord Connections in Visceral Pain. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.06185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Grundy* L, Harrington A, Caldwell A, Castro J, Zagorodnyuk V, Brookes S, Spencer N, Brierley S. PD14-05 LOW AND HIGH THRESHOLD MECHANOSENSITIVE BLADDER AFFERENT PATHWAYS CONVERGE TO A SIMILAR DISTRIBUTION OF LUMBOSACRAL SPINAL NEURONS. J Urol 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ju.0000555474.19797.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Grundy L, Caldwell A, Garcia-Caraballo S, Rychkov G, Brierley S. MP42-20 IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL IRRITANT SENSING MECHANISMS IN THE BLADDER. J Urol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Grundy L, Garcia-Caraballo S, Maddern J, Rychkov G, Ge P, Hannig G, Kurtz C, Silos-Santiago A, Brierley S. MP42-05 CHRONIC ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF THE GUANYLATE CYCLASE-C AGONIST LINACLOTIDE ATTENUATES COLITIS INDUCED BLADDER AFFERENT AND DORSAL ROOT GANGLION HYPERACTIVITY. J Urol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.1294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ayling K, Brierley S, Johnson B, Heller S, Eiser C. How standard is standard care? Exploring control group outcomes in behaviour change interventions for young people with type 1 diabetes. Psychol Health 2014; 30:85-103. [PMID: 25118842 PMCID: PMC4270262 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2014.953528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Poor descriptions of standard care may compromise interpretation of results in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of health interventions. We investigated quality of standard care in RCTs of behaviour change interventions for young people with type 1 diabetes and consider implications for evaluating trial outcomes. DESIGN We conducted systematic searches for articles published between 1999 and 2012. We extracted standard care descriptions and contacted trial authors to complete a checklist of standard care activities. The relationship between standard care quality and outcomes was examined via subgroup meta-analyses and meta-regression. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Standard care descriptions, standard care quality, and relationships between standard care quality with medical and psychological outcomes. RESULTS We identified 20 RCTs described across 26 articles. Published descriptions of standard care were limited to service-level features. Author responses indicated standard care provision extended beyond published accounts. Subgroup analyses suggested control groups receiving higher standard care quality showed larger improvements in both medical and psychological outcomes, although standard care quality did not predict outcomes significantly. CONCLUSION The quality of care delivered to control group participants can influence outcomes of RCTs. Inadequate reporting exacerbates this issue by masking variations between trials. We argue for increased clarity in reporting standard care in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ayling
- a Division of Primary Care, School of Medicine , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , UK
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West J, Fairley L, Lennon L, O’Connell C, Wright J, Brierley S, Lawlor DA. OP93 Adiposity and cardiometabolic risk in White British and Pakistani origin children: skinfold and blood pressure measurements of 1563 reception year children in the Born in Bradford prospective cohort study. Br J Soc Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2014-204726.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Eiser C, Johnson B, Brierley S, Ayling K, Young V, Bottrell K, Whitehead V, Elliott J, Scott A, Heller S. Using the Medical Research Council framework to develop a complex intervention to improve delivery of care for young people with type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med 2013; 30:e223-8. [PMID: 23510142 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We describe how we have used the development phase of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Guidelines to construct a complex intervention to improve physical and psychological health among young people (16-21 years) with Type 1 diabetes. METHODS We consulted previous reviews where available and conducted systematic searches of electronic databases to determine physical and mental health among the population, audited medical records, surveyed self-reported psychological health among our clinic population; and interviewed staff (n = 13), young people (n = 27) and parents (n = 18) about their views of current care. RESULTS Our audit (n = 96) confirmed a high HbA1c [86 mmol/mol (10.0%)] and one third (36.1%) reported significant eating problems. Young people did not attend 12% of their clinic appointments. Staff described difficulties communicating with young people who wanted staff to take account of their individual lifestyle when giving information. CONCLUSION Based on the findings of the systematic reviews and our audit, we concluded that there was sufficient evidence to justify development of a model of care specific to this age group. The components of the complex intervention include changes to standard care, an optional 5-day self-management course directed at young people and a separate family communication programme. The MRC Guidelines provided a valuable structure to guide development and evaluation of this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Eiser
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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Abstract
AIMS To determine: (1) prevalence of depression among young people with Type 1 diabetes compared with control groups or population norms; (2) implications of depression for HbA(1c) level; and (3) the relationship between history of depressive symptoms and future depressive symptoms. BACKGROUND Among adults with Type 1 diabetes depression is higher than the general population, and has been associated with adverse implications for self-care and HbA(1c) level. The last published review of depression among young people with Type 1 diabetes only included studies up to 1999. METHOD Systematic searches were conducted for articles published from January 1999 to December 2011 including young people (up to 25 years old) with Type 1 diabetes. RESULTS Twenty-three articles met the inclusion criteria. Of five studies that reported prevalence of depression compared with control groups, three found no differences. Of the three studies that investigated prevalence of depression making reference to population norms, all three showed higher rates of depressive symptoms. Fourteen of 15 studies found associations between more depressive symptoms and higher HbA(1c) level either cross-sectionally or longitudinally. Past depressive symptoms were associated with later depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence is inconclusive about whether there is increased prevalence of depression among young adults with Type 1 diabetes, as established among adults, but those who are more depressed have higher HbA(1c) level. This review is limited by methodological problems and no identified work in the UK met the inclusion criteria. Given the adverse clinical outcomes, we conclude there is a case for routine mental health screening for young adults with Type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Johnson
- NIHR CLAHRC for South Yorkshire, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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Abstract
AIMS We report a systematic review to determine (1) prevalence of eating problems compared with peers and (2) the association between eating problems and glycaemic control in young adults with Type 1 diabetes. METHOD We conducted a systematic literature search via electronic databases and meta-analysis. Cohen's d (the mean difference score between Type 1 diabetes and comparison groups) was calculated for 13 studies that met inclusion criteria. RESULTS Eating problems [both disordered eating behaviour (39.3 and 32.5%; d = 0.52, 95% CI 0.10-0.94) and eating disorders (7.0 and 2.8%; d = 0.46, 95% CI 0.10-0.81)] were more common in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes compared with peers and both were associated with poorer glycaemic control (d = 0.40, 95% CI 0.17-0.64). In restricted analyses involving measures adapted for diabetes, associations between eating problems and poorer glycaemic control remained (d = 0.54, 95% CI 0.32-0.76). Disordered eating behaviour (51.8 and 48.1%; d = 0.06, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.21) and eating disorders (6.4 and 3.0%; d = 0.43, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.91) were more common in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes compared with peers, but differences were non-significant. CONCLUSIONS Eating problems are common among this age group. Future work in populations with Type 1 diabetes should develop sensitive measures of eating problems and interventions, and establish predictors of eating problems. Screening in clinics is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Young
- Department of Psychology, NIHR CLAHRC for South Yorkshire, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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Brierley S, Eiser C, Johnson B, Young V, Heller S. Working with young adults with Type 1 diabetes: views of a multidisciplinary care team and implications for service delivery. Diabet Med 2012; 29:677-81. [PMID: 22375561 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03601.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Young adults with Type 1 diabetes experience difficulties achieving glucose targets. Clinic attendance can be poor, although health and self-care tend to be better among those who attend regularly. Our aims were to describe staff views about challenges working with this age-group (16-21 years). METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with 14 staff from Sheffield Teaching Hospitals diabetes care team. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Three main themes emerged. Unique challenges working with young adults included staff emotional burden, the low priority given to self-care by young adults and the complexity of the diabetes regimen. Working in a multidisciplinary team was complicated by differences in consultation styles, poor team cohesion and communication. An ideal service should include psychological support for the professional team, identification of key workers, and development of individualized care plans. CONCLUSIONS Staff differed in their views about how to achieve optimal management for young adults, but emphasized the need for greater patient-centred care and a range of interventions appropriate for individual levels of need. They also wanted to increase their own skills and confidence working with this age-group. While these results reflect the views of staff working in only one diabetes centre, they are likely to reflect the views of professionals delivering care to individuals of this age; replication is needed to determine their generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Brierley
- Department of Psychology Department of Human Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield NIHR CLAHRC for South Yorkshire, UK.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The National Service Framework for coronary heart disease established clear standards for the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction in March 2000. This study evaluates an emergency department's thrombolysis performance in light of these standards. SETTING Inner city teaching hospital emergency department. METHODS The data were prospectively collected using a formal clinical pathway for all patients receiving thrombolysis in the emergency department between February 2000 and January 2001. Cases were reviewed at monthly multidisciplinary audit meetings. Regular feedback complemented routine teaching for both nursing and medical staff. RESULTS 127 patients were thrombolysed, of whom 92 (72%) were immediately eligible. Some 77% of these had a door to needle time of less than 30 minutes and 38% less than 20 minutes. Twenty per cent of patients had a call to door time of less than 30 minutes. Some 84% of patients managed by the emergency department team had a door to needle time of less than 30 minutes compared with 53% of those patients seen by duty physicians. CONCLUSIONS The thrombolysis target set by the National Service Framework for April 2002 is achievable. The target set for April 2003 remains an ambitious goal. Overall call to needle times are undermined by call to door times. Emergency department teams may be more efficient than duty physicians in processing patients needing thrombolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gilby
- Emergency Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
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Taubman M, Brierley S, Wishner J, Baker D, McEachin J, Leaf RB. The effectiveness of a group discrete trial instructional approach for preschoolers with developmental disabilities. Res Dev Disabil 2001; 22:205-219. [PMID: 11380059 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-4222(01)00068-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Group behavioral classroom instruction for children with developmental disabilities has been shown to allow for increased efficiency, approximation to naturalistic arrangements, and enhanced opportunity for interaction, social teaching and observational learning. This study examines the effectiveness of a group instructional extension of one to one discrete trial teaching, which involves the overlapping of trials between students along with the use of sequential and choral group teaching. A multiple baseline design across tasks was employed to examine the effectiveness of the group instructional approach in promoting acquisition of educational skills among preschoolers with autism and other developmental disabilities. A time sample interval assessment of components of the group instruction was also conducted. The approach was demonstrated to consistently increase correct responding across the task areas. Results are discussed in terms of the advantages of the group instructional approach as an adjunct to one to one discrete trial instruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Taubman
- Autism Partnership, Seal Beach, CA 90740, USA.
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Abstract
Ipswich Hospital Emergency Department played a vital role in the Post Acute Treatment in the Home Program (PATH) of West Moreton District Health Service. PATH used two strategies to reduce the district reliance on acute hospital beds: a short-stay unit for rapid assessment, treatment and early discharge of patients with simple conditions; and a hospital-in-the-home program utilising community health services to treat acute conditions. The program enhanced existing services to create a new treatment stream for acute patients and to promote a cultural shift from fragmented care to district responsibility for total episode of patient care.
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Farrow RC, Headspith J, Dent AJ, Dobson BR, Bilsborrow RL, Ramsdale CA, Stephenson PC, Brierley S, Derbyshire GE, Sangsingkeow P, Buxton K. Initial data from the 30-element ORTEC HPGe detector array and the XSPRESS pulse-processing electronics at the SRS, Daresbury Laboratory. J Synchrotron Radiat 1998; 5:845-847. [PMID: 15263672 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049597013125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/1997] [Accepted: 11/13/1997] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Following the completion of the collaborative project between CLRC Daresbury Laboratory and EG&G ORTEC to develop the world's first 30-element HPGe detector for fluorescence XAFS, it has now been tested and commissioned at the SRS. The system was commissioned with the XSPRESS digital pulse-processing electronics and this has demonstrated processed count rates in excess of 10 MHz. Initial data have been recorded and are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Farrow
- CLRC, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington WA4 4AD, UK
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