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Amend S, Stork S, Lücker S, Seipp A, Gärtner U, Frankenberger R, Krämer N. Influence of different pre-treatments on the resin infiltration depth into enamel of teeth affected by molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Dent Mater 2024:S0109-5641(24)00110-6. [PMID: 38744567 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro pilot study aimed to evaluate whether different pre-treatments (demineralization, deproteinization, (chemo-)mechanical reduction of the surface layer) influence the penetration depth of a resin infiltrant into MIH-affected enamel compared to initial carious lesions. METHODS Thirty extracted human permanent molars with non-cavitated initial carious lesions (n = 5) or MIH (n = 25) were chosen and randomly assigned to six experimental groups: IC: initial caries; M: MIH; MN: MIH, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite; MM: MIH, microabrasion; MA: MIH, air abrasion; MAN: MIH, air abrasion and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. A modified indirect dual fluorescence staining method was adopted to assess the penetration depth (PD) of the resin infiltrant and the lesion depth (LD) by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Exemplarily, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images were captured. The relationship between group assignment and penetration/lesion depth was estimated using a linear mixed model incorporating the tooth as random effect (two observations/tooth). The significance level was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS For MIH-affected molars, the mean PD (in µm; median, [minimum-maximum]) were M (178.2 [32.5-748.9]), MN (275.6 [105.3-1131.0]), MM (48.7 [0.0-334.4]), MA (287.7 [239.4-491.7]), and MAN (245.4 [76.1-313.5]). Despite the observed differences in PD between the groups, these could not be statistically verified (Bonferroni, p = 0.322). The percentage penetration was significantly higher for IC than for MIH groups (Bonferroni, p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Compared to IC, resin infiltration into MIH-affected enamel ist more variable. Different pre-treatments influence the resin penetration into developmentally hypomineralized enamel to a fluctuating level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Amend
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg (Campus Giessen), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Stephan Stork
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg (Campus Giessen), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Susanne Lücker
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg (Campus Giessen), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Anika Seipp
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 123, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Gärtner
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 123, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Roland Frankenberger
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg (Campus Marburg), Philipps-University Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, 35039 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Norbert Krämer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg (Campus Giessen), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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Danevitch N, Frankenberger R, Lücker S, Gärtner U, Krämer N. Dentin Bonding Performance of Universal Adhesives in Primary Teeth In Vitro. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5948. [PMID: 37687643 PMCID: PMC10488408 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the micro-tensile bond strength (µ-TBS) of universal adhesives to primary tooth dentin after different storage periods. (2) Methods: Dentin of 100 extracted primary molars was exposed. Dentin surfaces were bonded with six universal adhesives (Adhese®Universal [AU], All-Bond Universal® [ABU], G-Premio Bond [GPB], iBond®Universal [IBU], Prime&Bond active™ [PBa], and Prime&Bond®NT as control [PBN]) and restored with a resin composite build-up (Filtek™ Z250). After 24 h, 6 months, and 12 months of water storage, specimens were cut into sticks, and µ-TBS was measured and analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05) for normal distributions and the Mann-Whitney U-test (p < 0.05) for non-normal distribution. Pretesting failures were recorded as 0 MPa. Fracture modes were analyzed under a fluorescence microscope; interfaces were visualized with SEM/TEM. (3) Results: Compared with the reference group (PBN: 32.5/31.2 MPa after 6/12 months), two adhesives showed a significantly higher bond strength after 6 months (AU: 44.1 MPa, ABU: 40.9 MPa; p < 0.05) and one adhesive after 12 months (AU: 42.9 MPa, p < 0.05). GPB revealed significantly lower bond strengths in all storage groups (16.9/15.5/10.9 MPa after 24 h/6 months/12 months; p < 0.05). AU and IBU did not suffer pre-test-failures [PTF]. (4) Conclusions: After 12 months, PBN, IBU, AU, and GPB showed significantly lower results compared ithw initial µ-TBS, whereas AU revealed the highest µ-TBS and no PTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Danevitch
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Roland Frankenberger
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, 35039 Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Lücker
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Gärtner
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Giessen, Aulweg 123, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Norbert Krämer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Hofmann M, Amend S, Lücker S, Frankenberger R, Wöstmann B, Krämer N. Marginal Quality and Wear of Bulk-fill Materials for Class-II Restorations in Primary Molars. J Adhes Dent 2023; 25:107-116. [PMID: 37097056 DOI: 10.3290/j.jad.b4051483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the marginal integrity and wear of eight bulk-fill materials in comparison to a compomer in Class-II cavities in primary molars after thermomechanical loading (TML). MATERIALS AND METHODS Prepared Class-II cavities in 72 extracted primary molars were filled with eight bulk-fill materials. A compomer served as the control group. After water storage (incubator, 28 days, 37°C), samples were subjected to TML (2500 thermal cycles 5°C/55°C; 100,000 load cycles, 50 N, 1.67 Hz). Before and after TML, replicas were made which were used for both SEM analysis of marginal integrity and 3-D wear analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS A significant reduction in perfect margins was observed for all groups, while marginal gap formation increased (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.02) for all groups but the compomer. Significant interindividual differences were observed between the tested materials regarding marginal integrity (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.05). Wear analysis revealed no significant differences between groups (Kruskal-Wallis test, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Some of the bulk-fill materials investigated here achieved better results than the compomer and should be further evaluated clinically.
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Boutsiouki C, Frankenberger R, Lücker S, Krämer N. Effect of Chlorhexidine-containing Etch-and-Rinse Adhesives on Dentin Microtensile Bond Strength after Biological Loading. J Adhes Dent 2023; 25:13-22. [PMID: 36633469 DOI: 10.3290/j.jad.b3801065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study compared a 2%-CHX dentin pre-treatment with three CHX adhesives (experimentally admixed 0.1% CHX in primer or bonding agent, or industrially added 0.2% CHX in universal adhesive) by evaluating dentin bond strengths after biological loading in a fully automated artificial mouth model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The occlusal dentin of 50 freshly extracted human third molars was exposed, and the teeth were randomly assigned to 5 groups according to the adhesive protocol (n = 10): 1. control, Scotchbond Multipurpose (3M Oral Care; CTRL); 2. 2% CHX dentin pre-treatment (DENT); 3. 0.1% CHX experimentally admixed into the primer (PRIM); 4. 0.1% CHX experimentally admixed into the bonding agent (BOND); 5. Peak Universal Bond containing 0.2% CHX (Ultradent; PEAK). The teeth were restored with composite resin. Microtensile bond strength testing (bonding area 0.46 mm2 ± 0.04 mm2, crosshead speed 1 mm/min) was performed after 24-h storage in distilled water (baseline) or after 2-day biological loading with S. mutans (demineralization 1 h / remineralization 5 h). The mode of fracture was recorded and exemplary sticks were evaluated under SEM. RESULTS CTRL exhibited significantly higher μTBS at baseline in comparison to PRIM (p = 0.000), BOND (p = 0.002), and PEAK (p = 0.000). After undergoing the caries model, CTRL demonstrated significantly lower μTBS compared to DENT (p = 0.000), PRIM (p = 0.008), and PEAK (p = 0.000). The same behavior was observed for BOND vs DENT (p = 0.000), PRIM (p = 0.003), and PEAK (p = 0.001). After biological loading, DENT (p = 0.041), PRIM (p = 0.000), and BOND (p = 0.000) exhibited significantly fewer adhesive fractures than CTRL. CONCLUSIONS CHX addition to the primer protects dentin bond strength from declining after biological loading. Thus, it may offer some clinical advantage in terms of secondary caries inhibition around composite restorations. However, since loss of adhesion at baseline was less when 2% CHX was used as a dentin pre-treatment, it can be suggested as a safer option. so that bonding is not undermined by potential chemical interactions from CHX with the adhesives.
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Amend S, Frankenberger R, Oschmann T, Lücker S, Winter J, Krämer N. Long-term microtensile bond strength of self-etch adhesives and influence of 7-s phosphoric acid etching on adhesion of a 3-step etch-and-rinse adhesive to the dentine of primary teeth. Int J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32:649-659. [PMID: 34816485 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immediate microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of self-etch (SE) adhesives to primary dentine is promising, but evidence about the durability is scarce. AIM To assess the long-term µTBS of SE adhesives to primary dentine and to examine the effect of 7-s etching on µTBS of a 3-step etch-and-rinse (ER) adhesive. DESIGN The enamel of 115 caries-free human primary teeth was ground flat, and bonding was performed according to group assignment: G-aenial™ Bond/GC [GB], Clearfil™ SE Bond/Kuraray [CS], OptiBond™ XTR/Kerr [OX], Scotchbond™ Universal/3M™ [SU], Prime&Bond® NT™/Dentsply [PB], and OptiBond™ FL/Kerr [OF]. After storage (24 h, 6 mos., 12 mos.), 1,762 beams were cut for µTBS testing. Fracture analysis was performed using light/fluorescence microscopy. Resin-dentine interfaces were exemplarily analyzed using SEM. RESULTS After 24 h, OX and SU showed significantly higher estimated mean µTBS than GB, which exhibited the lowest µTBS at all stages (p < .05). μTBS within each adhesive group showed slight variations over time (p > .05). OF_SE produced acceptable µTBS. Etching increased the mean immediate µTBS for OF (p > .05) and the percentage of cohesive fractures. CONCLUSIONS SE adhesives achieved durable μTBS to primary dentine. 7-s etching may improve the immediate µTBS of a 3-step ER adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Amend
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg (Campus Giessen), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Roland Frankenberger
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg (Campus Marburg), Phillips-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Oschmann
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg (Campus Giessen), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Lücker
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg (Campus Giessen), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Julia Winter
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg (Campus Marburg), Phillips-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Krämer
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg (Campus Giessen), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Amend S, Frankenberger R, Lücker S, Krämer N. Caries-inhibiting Effect of Microencapsulated Active Components in Pit and Fissure Sealants. Oper Dent 2022; 47:E174-E187. [PMID: 35917241 DOI: 10.2341/20-048-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present in vitro study was to examine the caries-inhibiting effect of a pit and fissure sealant (PFS) containing ion-releasing microcapsules under cariogenic conditions in a biofilm artificial mouth. METHODS AND MATERIALS Forty-eight human third molars were divided into four groups (n=12 per group). Fissures were extended with burs and sealed with experimental PFS. The four groups of specimens were treated as follows: 1) EPFS 1: EPFS (Premier Dental) of increasing viscosity, containing microcapsules loaded with remineralizing agents (calcium, phosphate, and fluoride ions); 2) US: fluoride-releasing PFS (UltraSeal XT plus, UltraDent Products, South Jordan, UT, USA); 3) EPFS 2: experimental PFS of constant viscosity containing microcapsules loaded with calcium, phosphate, and fluoride ions; and 4) FT: glass ionomer cement (GIC) (GC Fuji Triage CAPSULE WHITE glass ionomer cement, GC Europe NV, Leuven, Belgium). FT and US were used as control groups. EPFS 1 and EPFS 2 were the experimental groups. Specimens were stored in distilled water for 14 days at 37°C, subjected to 10,000 thermocycles (5°C and 55°C) and finally exposed to microbiological cycling in a Streptococcus mutans-based artificial mouth for 10 days. Replicas were made for scanning electron microscopic (SEM) evaluation and specimens were cut for fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS Overall demineralization depths at the margin of Fuji Triage were significantly shallower than in the other groups (p<0.05). Overall demineralization depths adjacent to the experimental pit and fissure sealant EPFS 2 (59±15 μm) were comparable to the values of the resin-based pit and fissure sealant UltraSeal XT plus (58±10 μm, p≥0.05). SEM revealed surface roughness of the GIC-based PFS. CONCLUSIONS The experimental PFS with microcapsules containing active components for remineralization did not show a caries-inhibiting effect compared to a fluoride-releasing resin-based PFS. Lower demineralization depths adjacent to GIC sealants indicate an anticariogenic effect through fluoride ion release.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amend
- Stefanie Amend, DMD, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - R Frankenberger
- *Roland Frankenberger, professor, Phillips-University Marburg, Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - S Lücker
- Susanne Lücker, DMV, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - N Krämer
- Norbert Krämer, DMD, PhD, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
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Kumari S, Lang G, DeSimone E, Spengler C, Trossmann VT, Lücker S, Hudel M, Jacobs K, Krämer N, Scheibel T. Data for microbe resistant engineered recombinant spider silk protein based 2D and 3D materials. Data Brief 2020; 32:106305. [PMID: 32995396 PMCID: PMC7509184 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Data presented in this article describe bacterial and fungal repellent properties of 2D-films and 3D-hydrogels made of different recombinantly produced spider silk proteins based on consensus sequences of Araneus diadematus dragline silk proteins (fibroin 3 and 4). Here, the attachment, growth, and microbial colonization of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) as well as Candida albicans (C. albicans) on plane and micro-patterned films were visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Also, microbial viability data are provided of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) on hydrogels made of eADF4(C16) and eADF4(C16)-RGD, quantified using the Alamar blue assay. Experimental results, design of a post-operative contamination model of microbes with mammalian cells, and methods in the data article refer to the research paper "Engineered spider silk-based 2D and 3D materials prevent microbial infestation" published recently [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Kumari
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Str. 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Gregor Lang
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Str. 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Biopolymer Processing Group, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig-Thoma-Str. 36A, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Elise DeSimone
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Str. 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christian Spengler
- Department of Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Vanessa T. Trossmann
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Str. 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Susanne Lücker
- Medical Center for Dentistry, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical Center Gießen and Marburg, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Schlagenzahl 14, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Martina Hudel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Schubertstraße 81, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Karin Jacobs
- Department of Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Norbert Krämer
- Medical Center for Dentistry, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical Center Gießen and Marburg, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Schlagenzahl 14, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Str. 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayreuth Center for Material Science and Engineering (BayMAT), Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Germany
- Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces (BZKG), Germany
- Bayreuth Center for Molecular Biosciences (BZMB), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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Krämer N, Bui Khac NHN, Lücker S, Stachniss V, Frankenberger R. Bonding strategies for MIH-affected enamel and dentin. Dent Mater 2017; 34:331-340. [PMID: 29208311 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aim of the present study was to evaluate resin composite adhesion to dental hard tissues affected by molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH). METHODS 94 freshly extracted human molars and incisors (53 suffering MIH) were used. 68 teeth (35 with MIH) were used for μ-TBS tests in enamel and dentin, 26 (18 with MIH) for qualitative evaluation. Specimens were bonded with Clearfil SE Bond, Scotchbond Universal, and OptiBond FL. For MIH affected enamel, additional OptiBond FL groups with NaOCl and NaOCl+Icon were investigated. Beside fractographic analysis, also qualitative evaluations were performed using SEM at different magnifications as well as histological sectioning. RESULTS Highest μ-TBS values were recorded with dentin specimens (ANOVA, mod. LSD, p<0.05). Results were independent of adhesive and dentin substrate (p>0.05). Pre-test failures did not occur in dentin specimens. Sound enamel specimens exhibited significantly higher μ-TBS values than MIH enamel (p<0.05). The two-step self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond) and the two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (Scotchbond Universal) showed the lowest values in affected enamel specimens (p<0.05) with most pre-test failures (p<0.05). OptiBond FL on affected enamel showed better results than Clearfil SE Bond (p<0.05). An additional pre-treatment of affected enamel with NaOCl or NaOCl and Icon did not enhance enamel bonding (p>0.05), however, it caused less pre-test failures (p<0.05). Micromorphological analyses revealed that conventional phosphoric acid etching produces a much less pronounced etching pattern in affected enamel and a porous structure as weak link for the resin-enamel bond was identified. SIGNIFICANCE Bonding to porous hypomineralized MIH enamel is the limiting factor in adhesion to MIH teeth. MIH-affected dentin may be bonded conventionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Krämer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University of Marburg and University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Campus Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ngoc-Han Nana Bui Khac
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University of Marburg and University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Campus Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Lücker
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University of Marburg and University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Campus Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, D-35392 Giessen, Germany; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Marburg and University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, D-35039 Marburg, Germany
| | - Vitus Stachniss
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Marburg and University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, D-35039 Marburg, Germany
| | - Roland Frankenberger
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Marburg and University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Str. 3, D-35039 Marburg, Germany.
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Krämer N, Schmidt M, Lücker S, Domann E, Frankenberger R. Glass ionomer cement inhibits secondary caries in an in vitro biofilm model. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:1019-1031. [PMID: 28741172 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different glass ionomer cements on secondary caries inhibition in a fully automated in vitro biofilm model. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and twenty-four extracted third molars received class V cavities and were filled with one conventional (Ketac Molar/KM), and two resin-modified glass ionomer cements (Photac Fil/PF, Ketac N100/KN, 3M Espe). A bonded resin composite (Single Bond Plus/Filtek Supreme XTE) served as control. After 14 days water storage at 37 °C, specimens were thermocycled (10,000 × 5/55 °C). Over a period of 10 days, specimens were subjected to cariogenic challenge for 3/4/6 h/day. Demineralization was caused by Streptococcus mutans (DSM 20523) alternatingly being rinsed over specimens using artificial saliva. After biological loading, teeth were cut longitudinally and demineralization depths were evaluated at the margins and at a distance of 0.5 mm from the margins using fluorescence microscopy. Marginal quality was investigated under a SEM at ×200 magnification. RESULTS Four-hour demineralization depths were for enamel margins (EM), enamel (E), dentin margin (DM), and dentin (D) (μm ± SD): KM: EM 12 ± 8, E 33 ± 7, DM 56 ± 11, D 79 ± 6; PF: EM 19 ± 13, E 34 ± 13, DM 53 ± 10, D 77 ± 12; and KN: EM 26 ± 5, E 38 ± 6, DM 57 ± 11, D 71 ± 7. For all glass ionomer cements (GICs), demineralization depth at the margins was less compared to 0.5 mm distance, with demineralization depth having been correlated to duration of cariogenic challenge (ANOVA [mod. LSD, p < 0.05]). Compared to the bonded resin composite, all GICs exhibited caries inhibition at restoration margins in enamel and dentin. CONCLUSIONS Fluoride-releasing GIC materials exhibit a secondary caries inhibiting effect in vitro. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Glass ionomer cements have a higher secondary caries inhibiting effect than resin composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Krämer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Campus Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Miriam Schmidt
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Campus Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Lücker
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Campus Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Eugen Domann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Campus Giessen, Schubertstrasse 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Roland Frankenberger
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Strasse 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim of this in vitro study was to compare self-etch adhesives regarding microtensile bond strength (μ-TBS) to dentin of primary teeth. METHODS Fifty freshly extracted primary molars were ground to expose caries-free dentin. Specimens were bonded with ten self-etch adhesives (iBond self-etch/Heraeus, Xeno V+/Dentsply, G-Bond, Gaenial Bond/GC, BeautiBond/Shofu, AdheSE One F/Ivoclar Vivadent, Adper Easy Bond/3M ESPE, Clearfil SE Bond/Kuraray, OptiBond XTR/KerrHawe, Prime&Bond NT/Dentsply). After 24-h storage (distilled water, 37°C), resin-dentin beams were cut and 848 resin-dentin sticks were subjected to μ-TBS tests. Fracture analysis was carried out at 40× magnification under a fluorescence microscope and under a SEM. RESULTS Three adhesives (iBond SE, Clearfil SE Bond, Prime&Bond NT) did not suffer pre-test failures (PTF). AdheSE One F revealed the largest portion of PTF (28%; P < 0.05). Clearfil SE Bond and OptiBond XTR exhibited more cohesive fractures than the other adhesives (77.3% vs 64.8%; P < 0.05). iBond SE, Gaenial Bond, Clearfil SE, and OptiBond XTR achieved μ-TBS of >60 MPa, whereas Xeno V+ and AdheSE One F ranged only at ~20 MPa (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, the self-etch adhesives under investigation proved different extents of initial μ-TBS to primary dentin with iBond SE, Gaenial Bond, Clearfil SE, and OptiBond XTR having been most successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Krämer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Center for Dentistry, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Giessen, Germany
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Daims H, Maixner F, Lücker S, Stoecker K, Hace K, Wagner M. Ecophysiology and niche differentiation of Nitrospira-like bacteria, the key nitrite oxidizers in wastewater treatment plants. Water Sci Technol 2006; 54:21-7. [PMID: 16898133 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2006.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria of the genus Nitrospira are key nitrifiers in wastewater treatment plants. Pure cultures of these organisms are unavailable, but cultivation-independent molecular methods make it possible to detect Nitrospira-like bacteria in environmental samples and to investigate their ecophysiology. Comprehensive screening of natural and engineered habitats and of public databases for 16S rRNA sequences of Nitrospira-like bacteria revealed a surprisingly high biodiversity in the genus Nitrospira, which comprises at least four phylogenetic sublineages. All Nitrospira-like bacteria detected in wastewater treatment plants belonged to the sublineages I and II. Subsequently, the population dynamics of different Nitrospira-like bacteria were monitored, by quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization with rRNA-targeted probes, confocal laser scanning microscopy and digital image analysis, during incubation of nitrifying activated sludge in media containing different nitrite concentrations. These experiments showed that Nitrospira-like bacteria, which were affiliated with the phylogenetic sublineages I or II of the genus Nitrospira, responded differently to nitrite concentration shifts. Previously unknown properties of Nitrospira-like bacteria were discovered in the course of an environmental genomics project. Implications of the obtained results for fundamental understanding of the microbial ecology of nitrite oxidizers as well as for future improvement of nutrient removal in wastewater treatment plants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Daims
- Department für Mikrobielle Okologie, Universität Wien, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Wien, Austria
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