1
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Manka P, Coombes JD, Sydor S, Swiderska-Syn MK, Best J, Gauthier K, van Grunsven LA, Oo YH, Wang C, Diehl AM, Hönes GS, Moeller LC, Figge A, Boosman RJ, Faber KN, Tannapfel A, Goetze O, Aspichueta P, Lange CM, Canbay A, Syn WK. Thyroid hormone receptor alpha modulates fibrogenesis in hepatic stellate cells. Liver Int 2024; 44:125-138. [PMID: 37872645 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Progressive hepatic fibrosis can be considered the final stage of chronic liver disease. Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) play a central role in liver fibrogenesis. Thyroid hormones (TH, e.g. thyroxine; T4 and triiodothyronine; T3) significantly affect development, growth, cell differentiation and metabolism through activation of TH receptor α and/or β (TRα/β). Here, we evaluated the influence of TH in hepatic fibrogenesis. DESIGN Human liver tissue was obtained from explanted livers following transplantation. TRα-deficient (TRα-KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were fed a control or a profibrogenic methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet. Liver tissue was assessed by qRT-PCR for fibrogenic gene expression. In vitro, HSC were treated with TGFβ in the presence or absence of T3. HSC with stable TRα knockdown and TRα deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) were used to determine receptor-specific function. Activation of HSC and MEF was assessed using the wound healing assay, Western blotting, and qRT-PCR. RESULTS TRα and TRβ expression is downregulated in the liver during hepatic fibrogenesis in humans and mice. TRα represents the dominant isoform in HSC. In vitro, T3 blunted TGFβ-induced expression of fibrogenic genes in HSC and abrogated wound healing by modulating TGFβ signalling, which depended on TRα presence. In vivo, TRα-KO enhanced MCD diet-induced liver fibrogenesis. CONCLUSION These observations indicate that TH action in non-parenchymal cells is highly relevant. The interaction of TRα with TH regulates the phenotype of HSC via the TGFβ signalling pathway. Thus, the TH-TR axis may be a valuable target for future therapy of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Manka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jason D Coombes
- Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marzena K Swiderska-Syn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jan Best
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Karine Gauthier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Univ Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, INRAE USC 1370 École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Barnard Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Leo A van Grunsven
- Department of Basic (Bio-)medical Sciences, Liver Cell Biology Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ye H Oo
- Centre for Liver Research and NIHR BRC, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Birmingham Advanced Cell Therapy Facility, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Cindy Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Anna M Diehl
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Georg S Hönes
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars C Moeller
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anja Figge
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - René J Boosman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas N Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Oliver Goetze
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Patricia Aspichueta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vizcaya, Spain
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian M Lange
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wing-Kin Syn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vizcaya, Spain
- Section of Gastroenterology, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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2
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Kreimeyer H, Vogt K, Götze T, Best J, Götze O, Weigt J, Kahraman A, Özçürümez M, Kälsch J, Syn WK, Sydor S, Canbay A, Manka P. Influence of the Bile Acid Transporter Genes ABCB4, ABCB8, and ABCB11 and the Farnesoid X Receptor on the Response to Ursodeoxycholic Acid in Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1180. [PMID: 37511794 PMCID: PMC10381823 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13071180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of NAFLD and NASH is increasing worldwide, and there is no approved medical treatment until now. Evidence has emerged that interfering with bile acid metabolism may lead to improvement in NASH. In this study, 28 patients with elevated cholestatic liver function tests (especially GGT) were screened for bile acid gene polymorphisms and treated with UDCA. All patients had a bile acid gene polymorphism in ABCB4 or ABCB11. Treatment with UDCA for 12 months significantly reduced GGT in all patients and ALT in homozygous patients. No difference in fibrosis was observed using FIb-4, NFS, and transient elastography (TE). PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 were the most common NASH-associated polymorphisms, and patients with TM6SF2 showed a significant reduction in GGT and ALT with the administration of UDCA. In conclusion, NASH patients with elevated GGT should be screened for bile acid gene polymorphisms, as UDCA therapy may improve liver function tests. However, no difference in clinical outcomes, such as progression to cirrhosis, has been observed using non-invasive tests (NITs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Kreimeyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Katharina Vogt
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Götze
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jan Best
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Oliver Götze
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jochen Weigt
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Alisan Kahraman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Mustafa Özçürümez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia Kälsch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Wing-Kin Syn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Paul Manka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
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3
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Mposhi A, Cortés-Mancera F, Heegsma J, de Meijer VE, van de Sluis B, Sydor S, Bechmann LP, Theys C, de Rijk P, De Pooter T, Vanden Berghe W, İnce İA, Faber KN, Rots MG. Mitochondrial DNA methylation in metabolic associated fatty liver disease. Front Nutr 2023; 10:964337. [PMID: 37305089 PMCID: PMC10249072 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.964337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatic lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction are hallmarks of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), yet molecular parameters underlying MAFLD progression are not well understood. Differential methylation within the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been suggested to be associated with dysfunctional mitochondria, also during progression to Metabolic Steatohepatitis (MeSH). This study further investigates whether mtDNA methylation is associated with hepatic lipid accumulation and MAFLD. Methods HepG2 cells were constructed to stably express mitochondria-targeted viral and prokaryotic cytosine DNA methyltransferases (mtM.CviPI or mtM.SssI for GpC or CpG methylation, respectively). A catalytically inactive variant (mtM.CviPI-Mut) was constructed as a control. Mouse and human patients' samples were also investigated. mtDNA methylation was assessed by pyro- or nanopore sequencing. Results and discussion Differentially induced mtDNA hypermethylation impaired mitochondrial gene expression and metabolic activity in HepG2-mtM.CviPI and HepG2-mtM.SssI cells and was associated with increased lipid accumulation, when compared to the controls. To test whether lipid accumulation causes mtDNA methylation, HepG2 cells were subjected to 1 or 2 weeks of fatty acid treatment, but no clear differences in mtDNA methylation were detected. In contrast, hepatic Nd6 mitochondrial gene body cytosine methylation and Nd6 gene expression were increased in mice fed a high-fat high cholesterol diet (HFC for 6 or 20 weeks), when compared to controls, while mtDNA content was unchanged. For patients with simple steatosis, a higher ND6 methylation was confirmed using Methylation Specific PCR, but no additional distinctive cytosines could be identified using pyrosequencing. This study warrants further investigation into a role for mtDNA methylation in promoting mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired lipid metabolism in MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archibold Mposhi
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Fabian Cortés-Mancera
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Departamento de Ciencias Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Janette Heegsma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Vincent E. de Meijer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Section of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Bochum, Germany
- Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars P. Bechmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Bochum, Germany
- Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Claudia Theys
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter de Rijk
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Neuromics Support Facility, VIB-UAntwerp Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tim De Pooter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Neuromics Support Facility, VIB-UAntwerp Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - İkbal Agah İnce
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marianne G. Rots
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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4
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Manka P, Sydor S, Wase N, Best J, Brandenburg M, Hellbeck A, Schänzer J, Vilchez-Vargas R, Link A, Figge A, Jähnert A, von Arnim U, Coombes JD, Cubero FJ, Kahraman A, Kim MS, Kälsch J, Kinner S, Faber KN, Moshage H, Gerken G, Syn WK, Friedman SL, Canbay A, Bechmann LP. Anti-TNFα treatment in Crohn's disease: Impact on hepatic steatosis, gut-derived hormones and metabolic status. Liver Int 2021; 41:2646-2658. [PMID: 34219348 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS An association between Crohn's disease (CD) and hepatic steatosis has been reported. However, the underlying mechanisms of steatosis progression in CD are not clear. Among the most effective CD treatments are agents that inhibit Tumor-Necrosis-Factor (TNF) activity, yet it is unclear why anti-TNFα agents would affect steatosis in CD. Recent studies suggest that microbiome can affect both, CD and steatosis pathogenesis. Therefore, we here analysed a potential relationship between anti-TNF treatment and hepatic steatosis in CD, focusing on the gut-liver axis. METHODS This cross-sectional study evaluated patients with established CD, with and without anti-TNFα treatment, analysing serum markers of liver injury, measurement of transient elastography, controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and MRI for fat detection. Changes in lipid and metabolic profiles were assessed by serum and stool lipidomics and metabolimics. Additionally, we analysed gut microbiota composition and mediators of bile acid (BA) signalling via stool and serum analysis. RESULTS Patients on anti-TNFα treatment had less hepatic steatosis as assessed by CAP and MRI. Serum FGF19 levels were significantly higher in patients on anti-TNFα therapy and associate with reduced steatosis and increased bowel motility. Neutral lipids including triglycerides were reduced in the serum of patients on anti-TNF treatment. Bacteria involved in BA metabolism and FGF19 regulation, including Firmicutes, showed group-specific alterations with low levels in patients without anti-TNFα treatment. Low abundance of Firmicutes was associated with higher triglyceride levels. CONCLUSIONS Anti-TNFα treatment is associated with reduced steatosis, lower triglyceride levels, alterations in FXR-signalling (eg FGF19) and microbiota composition in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Manka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nishikant Wase
- Biomolecular Analysis Facility, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jan Best
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Malte Brandenburg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Annika Hellbeck
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Schänzer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ramiro Vilchez-Vargas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Link
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anja Figge
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Jähnert
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulrike von Arnim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jason D Coombes
- Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Francisco-Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.,12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alisan Kahraman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Moon-Sung Kim
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Kälsch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sonja Kinner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Klaas-Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Han Moshage
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wing-Kin Syn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.,Section of Gastroenterology, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars P Bechmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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5
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Estévez-Vázquez O, Benedé-Ubieto R, Guo F, Gómez-Santos B, Aspichueta P, Reissing J, Bruns T, Sanz-García C, Sydor S, Bechmann LP, Maranillo E, Sañudo JR, Vázquez MT, Lamas-Paz A, Morán L, Mazariegos MS, Ciudin A, Pericàs JM, Peligros MI, Vaquero J, Martínez-Naves E, Liedtke C, Regueiro JR, Trautwein C, Bañares R, Cubero FJ, Nevzorova YA. Fat: Quality, or Quantity? What Matters Most for the Progression of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101289. [PMID: 34680405 PMCID: PMC8533605 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Lately, many countries have restricted or even banned transfat, and palm oil has become a preferred replacement for food manufacturers. Whether palm oil is potentially an unhealthy food mainly due to its high content of saturated Palmitic Acid (PA) is a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to test whether qualitative aspects of diet such as levels of PA and the fat source are risk factors for Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Methods: C57BL/6 male mice were fed for 14 weeks with three types of Western diet (WD): 1. LP-WD—low concentration of PA (main fat source—corn and soybean oils); 2. HP-WD—high concentration of PA (main fat source—palm oil); 3. HP-Trans-WD—high concentration of PA (mainly transfat). Results: All types of WD caused weight gain, adipocyte enlargement, hepatomegaly, lipid metabolism alterations, and steatohepatitis. Feeding with HP diets led to more prominent obesity, hypercholesterolemia, stronger hepatic injury, and fibrosis. Only the feeding with HP-Trans-WD resulted in glucose intolerance and elevation of serum transaminases. Brief withdrawal of WDs reversed MS and signs of MAFLD. However, mild hepatic inflammation was still detectable in HP groups. Conclusions: HP and HP-Trans-WD play a crucial role in the genesis of MS and MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Estévez-Vázquez
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (O.E.-V.); (R.B.-U.)
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
| | - Raquel Benedé-Ubieto
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (O.E.-V.); (R.B.-U.)
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
| | - Feifei Guo
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
| | - Beatriz Gómez-Santos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (B.G.-S.); (P.A.)
| | - Patricia Aspichueta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (B.G.-S.); (P.A.)
- Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.P.); (J.V.)
| | - Johanna Reissing
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (J.R.); (T.B.); (C.L.); (C.T.)
| | - Tony Bruns
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (J.R.); (T.B.); (C.L.); (C.T.)
| | - Carlos Sanz-García
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (S.S.); (L.P.B.)
| | - Lars P. Bechmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (S.S.); (L.P.B.)
| | - Eva Maranillo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.); (J.R.S.); (M.T.V.)
| | - José Ramón Sañudo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.); (J.R.S.); (M.T.V.)
| | - María Teresa Vázquez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.); (J.R.S.); (M.T.V.)
| | - Arantza Lamas-Paz
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
| | - Laura Morán
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina S. Mazariegos
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
| | - Andreea Ciudin
- Endocrinology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Vall d’Hebron Institute for Research (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Juan M. Pericàs
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.P.); (J.V.)
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Vall d’Hebron Institute for Research (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Isabel Peligros
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Javier Vaquero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.P.); (J.V.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Martínez-Naves
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (J.R.); (T.B.); (C.L.); (C.T.)
| | - José R. Regueiro
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (J.R.); (T.B.); (C.L.); (C.T.)
| | - Rafael Bañares
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.P.); (J.V.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.P.); (J.V.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yulia A. Nevzorova
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.G.); (C.S.-G.); (A.L.-P.); (L.M.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.-N.); (J.R.R.); (R.B.); (F.J.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.P.); (J.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (J.R.); (T.B.); (C.L.); (C.T.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)241-80-80662; Fax: +49-(0)241-80-82455
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6
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Figge A, Sydor S, Wenning C, Manka P, Assmuth S, Vilchez-Vargas R, Link A, Jähnert A, Brodesser S, Lucas C, Nevzorova YA, Faber KN, Moshage H, Porsch-Özcürümez M, Gerken G, Cubero FJ, Canbay A, Bechmann LP. Gender and gut microbiota composition determine hepatic bile acid, metabolic and inflammatory response to a single fast-food meal in healthy adults. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:2609-2619. [PMID: 33933727 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Regular consumption of fast-food (FF) as a form of typical Western style diet is associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome, including its hepatic manifestation nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Currently, it remains unclear how intermittent excess FF consumption may influence liver metabolism. The study aimed to characterize the effects of a single FF binge on hepatic steatosis, inflammation, bile acid (BA), glucose and lipid metabolism. METHODS Twenty-five healthy individuals received a FF meal and were asked to continue eating either for a two-hour period or until fully saturated. Serum levels of transaminases, fasting BA, lipid profile, glucose and cytokine levels as well as transient elastography and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP; to assess hepatic steatosis) were analyzed before (day 0) and the day after FF binge (day 1). Feces was collected prior and after the FF challenge for microbiota analysis. RESULTS The FF meal induced a modest increase in CAP, which was accompanied by a robust increase of fasting serum BA levels. Surprisingly, levels of cholesterol and bilirubin were significantly lower after the FF meal. Differentiating individuals with a relevant delta BA (>1 μmol/l) increase vs. individuals without (delta BA ≤1 μmol/l), identified several gut microbiota, as well as gender to be associated with the BA increase and the observed alterations in liver function, metabolism and inflammation. CONCLUSION A single binge FF meal leads to a robust increase in serum BA levels and alterations in parameters of liver injury and metabolism, indicating a novel metabolic aspect of the gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Figge
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Sydor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - C Wenning
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - P Manka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - S Assmuth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - R Vilchez-Vargas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Link
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Jähnert
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Brodesser
- CECAD Research Center, CECAD Lipidomics Facility, University of Cologne Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - C Lucas
- CECAD Research Center, CECAD Lipidomics Facility, University of Cologne Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Y A Nevzorova
- Department of Immunology, Opthalmology and ORL, Complutense University School of Medicine, Avenida de Séneca 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain; 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - K N Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - H Moshage
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M Porsch-Özcürümez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - G Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - F J Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Opthalmology and ORL, Complutense University School of Medicine, Avenida de Séneca 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain; 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Canbay
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - L P Bechmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany.
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7
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Lamas-Paz A, Morán L, Peng J, Salinas B, López-Alcántara N, Sydor S, Vilchez-Vargas R, Asensio I, Hao F, Zheng K, Martín-Adrados B, Moreno L, Cogolludo A, Gómez Del Moral M, Bechmann L, Martínez-Naves E, Vaquero J, Bañares R, Nevzorova YA, Cubero FJ. Intestinal Epithelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Hepatic Injury via the Gut-Liver Axis During Acute Alcohol Injury. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:603771. [PMID: 33408632 PMCID: PMC7779758 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.603771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking, i.e., heavy episodic drinking in a short time, has recently become an alarming societal problem with negative health impact. However, the harmful effects of acute alcohol injury in the gut-liver axis remain elusive. Hence, we focused on the physiological and pathological changes and the underlying mechanisms of experimental binge drinking in the context of the gut-liver axis. Eight-week-old mice with a C57BL/6 background received a single dose (p.o.) of ethanol (EtOH) [6 g/kg b.w.] as a preclinical model of acute alcohol injury. Controls received a single dose of PBS. Mice were sacrificed 8 h later. In parallel, HepaRGs and Caco-2 cells, human cell lines of differentiated hepatocytes and intestinal epithelial cells intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), respectively, were challenged in the presence or absence of EtOH [0–100 mM]. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated by ultracentrifugation from culture media of IECs were added to hepatocyte cell cultures. Increased intestinal permeability, loss of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and MUCIN-2 expression, and alterations in microbiota—increased Lactobacillus and decreased Lachnospiraceae species—were found in the large intestine of mice exposed to EtOH. Increased TUNEL-positive cells, infiltration of CD11b-positive immune cells, pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., tlr4, tnf, il1β), and markers of lipid accumulation (Oil Red O, srbep1) were evident in livers of mice exposed to EtOH, particularly in females. In vitro experiments indicated that EVs released by IECs in response to ethanol exerted a deleterious effect on hepatocyte viability and lipid accumulation. Overall, our data identified a novel mechanism responsible for driving hepatic injury in the gut-liver axis, opening novel avenues for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantza Lamas-Paz
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.,12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Morán
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Aparato Digestivo del Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Beatriz Salinas
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo del Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédico en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria López-Alcántara
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ramiro Vilchez-Vargas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto von Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Iris Asensio
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo del Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research, Network on Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fengjie Hao
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.,12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.,12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Beatriz Martín-Adrados
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.,12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Moreno
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Complutense University School of Medicine and Centre for Biomedical Research, Network on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Cogolludo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Complutense University School of Medicine and Centre for Biomedical Research, Network on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Gómez Del Moral
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lars Bechmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Eduardo Martínez-Naves
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.,12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Vaquero
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo del Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research, Network on Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Bañares
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo del Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research, Network on Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yulia A Nevzorova
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.,12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.,12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
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8
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Smith-Cortinez N, Fagundes RR, Gomez V, Kong D, de Waart DR, Heegsma J, Sydor S, Olinga P, de Meijer VE, Taylor CT, Bank R, Paulusma CC, Faber KN. Collagen release by human hepatic stellate cells requires vitamin C and is efficiently blocked by hydroxylase inhibition. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21219. [PMID: 33236467 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001564rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, mainly composed of collagen. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) mediate liver fibrosis by secreting collagen. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a cofactor of prolyl-hydroxylases that modify newly synthesized collagen on the route for secretion. Unlike most animals, humans cannot synthesize ascorbic acid and its role in liver fibrosis remains unclear. Here, we determined the effect of ascorbic acid and prolyl-hydroxylase inhibition on collagen production and secretion by human HSCs. Primary human HSCs (p-hHSCs) and the human HSCscell line LX-2 were treated with ascorbic acid, transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) and/or the pan-hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG). Expression of collagen-I was analyzed by RT-qPCR (COL1A1), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence microscopy. Collagen secretion was determined in the medium by Western blotting for collagen-I and by HPLC for hydroxyproline concentrations. Expression of solute carrier family 23 members 1 and 2 (SLC23A1/SLC23A2), encoding sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters 1 and 2 (SVCT1/SVCT2) was quantified in healthy and cirrhotic human tissue. In the absence of ascorbic acid, collagen-I accumulated intracellularly in p-hHSCs and LX-2 cells, which was potentiated by TGFβ. Ascorbic acid co-treatment strongly promoted collagen-I excretion and enhanced extracellular hydroxyproline concentrations, without affecting collagen-I (COL1A1) mRNA levels. DMOG inhibited collagen-I release even in the presence of ascorbic acid and suppressed COL1A1 and alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA/ACTA2) mRNA levels, also under hypoxic conditions. Hepatocytes express both ascorbic acid transporters, while p-hHSCs and LX-2 express the only SVCT2, which is selectively enhanced in cirrhotic livers. Human HSCs rely on ascorbic acid for the efficient secretion of collagen-I, which can be effectively blocked by hydroxylase antagonists, revealing new therapeutic targets to treat liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Smith-Cortinez
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Raphael R Fagundes
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Valentina Gomez
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Defu Kong
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk R de Waart
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janette Heegsma
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent E de Meijer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- School of Medicine and Medical Science and the Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ruud Bank
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Coen C Paulusma
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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9
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Smith-Cortinez N, van Eunen K, Heegsma J, Serna-Salas SA, Sydor S, Bechmann LP, Moshage H, Bakker BM, Faber KN. Simultaneous Induction of Glycolysis and Oxidative Phosphorylation during Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells Reveals Novel Mitochondrial Targets to Treat Liver Fibrosis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112456. [PMID: 33187083 PMCID: PMC7697161 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon liver injury, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) transdifferentiate to migratory, proliferative and extracellular matrix-producing myofibroblasts (e.g., activated HSCs; aHSCs) causing liver fibrosis. HSC activation is associated with increased glycolysis and glutaminolysis. Here, we compared the contribution of glycolysis, glutaminolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in rat and human HSC activation. Basal levels of glycolysis (extracellular acidification rate ~3-fold higher) and particularly mitochondrial respiration (oxygen consumption rate ~5-fold higher) were significantly increased in rat aHSCs, when compared to quiescent rat HSC. This was accompanied by extensive mitochondrial fusion in rat and human aHSCs, which occurred without increasing mitochondrial DNA content and electron transport chain (ETC) components. Inhibition of glycolysis (by 2-deoxy-D-glucose) and glutaminolysis (by CB-839) did not inhibit rat aHSC proliferation, but did reduce Acta2 (encoding α-SMA) expression slightly. In contrast, inhibiting mitochondrial OXPHOS (by rotenone) significantly suppressed rat aHSC proliferation, as well as Col1a1 and Acta2 expression. Other than that observed for rat aHSCs, human aHSC proliferation and expression of fibrosis markers were significantly suppressed by inhibiting either glycolysis, glutaminolysis or mitochondrial OXPHOS (by metformin). Activation of HSCs is marked by simultaneous induction of glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism, extending the possibilities to suppress hepatic fibrogenesis by interfering with HSC metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Smith-Cortinez
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands; (N.S.-C.); (J.H.); (S.A.S.-S.); (H.M.)
| | - Karen van Eunen
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands; (K.v.E.); (B.M.B.)
| | - Janette Heegsma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands; (N.S.-C.); (J.H.); (S.A.S.-S.); (H.M.)
| | - Sandra Alejandra Serna-Salas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands; (N.S.-C.); (J.H.); (S.A.S.-S.); (H.M.)
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (S.S.); (L.P.B.)
| | - Lars P. Bechmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (S.S.); (L.P.B.)
| | - Han Moshage
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands; (N.S.-C.); (J.H.); (S.A.S.-S.); (H.M.)
| | - Barbara M. Bakker
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands; (K.v.E.); (B.M.B.)
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands; (N.S.-C.); (J.H.); (S.A.S.-S.); (H.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-(0)-50-361-2364
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10
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Sydor S, Manka P, van Buren L, Theurer S, Schwertheim S, Best J, Heegsma J, Saeed A, Vetter D, Schlattjan M, Dittrich A, Fiel MI, Baba HA, Dechêne A, Cubero FJ, Gerken G, Canbay A, Moshage H, Friedman SL, Faber KN, Bechmann LP. Hepatocyte KLF6 expression affects FXR signalling and the clinical course of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Liver Int 2020; 40:2172-2181. [PMID: 32462764 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by chronic cholestasis and inflammation, which promotes cirrhosis and an increased risk of cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCA). The transcription factor Krueppel-like-factor-6 (KLF6) is a mediator of liver regeneration, steatosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but no data are yet available on its potential role in cholestasis. Here, we aimed to identify the impact of hepatic KLF6 expression on cholestatic liver injury and PSC and identify potential effects on farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR) signalling. METHODS Hepatocellular KLF6 expression was quantified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in liver biopsies of PSC patients and correlated with serum parameters and clinical outcome. Liver injury was analysed in hepatocyte-specific Klf6-knockout mice following bile duct ligation (BDL). Chromatin-immunoprecipitation-assays (ChIP) and KLF6-overexpressing HepG2 cells were used to analyse the interaction of KLF6 and FXR target genes such as NR0B2. RESULTS Based on IHC, PSC patients could be subdivided into two groups showing either low (<80%) or high (>80%) hepatocellular KLF6 expression. In patients with high KLF6 expression, we observed a superior survival in Kaplan-Meier analysis. Klf6-knockout mice showed reduced hepatic necrosis following BDL when compared to controls. KLF6 suppressed NR0B2 expression in HepG2 cells mediated through binding of KLF6 to the NR0B2 promoter region. CONCLUSION Here, we show an association between KLF6 expression and the clinical course and overall survival in PSC patients. Mechanistically, we identified a direct interaction of KLF6 with the FXR target gene NR0B2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Paul Manka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lea van Buren
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sarah Theurer
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Suzan Schwertheim
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Best
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Janette Heegsma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ali Saeed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Vetter
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schlattjan
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna Dittrich
- Department of Systems Biology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Maria I Fiel
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hideo A Baba
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Dechêne
- Nürnberg Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine 6, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Francisco J Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Opthalmology and ORL, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.,de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guido Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Han Moshage
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Department of Systems Biology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lars P Bechmann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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11
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Damba T, Bourgonje AR, Abdulle AE, Pasch A, Sydor S, van den Berg EH, Gansevoort RT, Bakker SJL, Blokzijl H, Dullaart RPF, van Goor H, Moshage H. Oxidative stress is associated with suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and all-cause mortality in the general population. Liver Int 2020; 40:2148-2159. [PMID: 32558346 PMCID: PMC7496868 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive lipid accumulation, inflammation and an imbalanced redox homeostasis. We hypothesized that systemic free thiol levels, as a proxy of systemic oxidative stress, are associated with NAFLD. METHODS Protein-adjusted serum free thiol concentrations were determined in participants from the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) cohort study (n = 5562). Suspected NAFLD was defined by the Fatty Liver Index (FLI ≥ 60) and Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI > 36). RESULTS Protein-adjusted serum free thiols were significantly reduced in subjects with FLI ≥ 60 (n = 1651). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, protein-adjusted serum free thiols were associated with NAFLD (FLI ≥ 60) (OR per doubling of concentration: 0.78 [95% CI 0.64-0.96], P = .016) even when adjusted for potential confounding factors, including systolic blood pressure, diabetes, current smoking, use of alcohol and total cholesterol (OR 0.80 [95% CI 0.65-0.99], P = .04). This association lost its significance (OR 0.94 [95% CI 0.73-1.21], P = .65) after additional adjustment for high-sensitive C-reactive protein. Stratified analyses showed significantly differential associations of protein-adjusted serum free thiol concentrations with suspected NAFLD for gender (P < .02), hypertension (P < .001) and hypercholesterolemia (P < .003). Longitudinally, protein-adjusted serum free thiols were significantly associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in subjects with NAFLD (FLI ≥ 60) (HR 0.27 [95% CI 0.17-0.45], P < .001). CONCLUSION Protein-adjusted serum free thiol levels are reduced and significantly associated with all-cause mortality in subjects with suspected NAFLD. Quantification of free thiols may be a promising, minimally invasive strategy to improve detection of NAFLD and associated risk of all-cause mortality in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turtushikh Damba
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
- School of PharmacyMongolian National University of Medical SciencesUlaanbaatarMongolia
| | - Arno R. Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Amaal E. Abdulle
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision Vascular MedicineUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Andreas Pasch
- Institute for Physiology and PathophysiologyJohannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious DiseasesOtto von Guericke University Hospital MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany
| | - Eline H. van den Berg
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Ron T. Gansevoort
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision NephrologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Stephan J. L. Bakker
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision NephrologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Hans Blokzijl
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Robin P. F. Dullaart
- Department of EndocrinologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Han Moshage
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory MedicineUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
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12
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Best J, Bechmann LP, Sowa JP, Sydor S, Dechêne A, Pflanz K, Bedreli S, Schotten C, Geier A, Berg T, Fischer J, Vogel A, Bantel H, Weinmann A, Schattenberg JM, Huber Y, Wege H, von Felden J, Schulze K, Bettinger D, Thimme R, Sinner F, Schütte K, Weiss KH, Toyoda H, Yasuda S, Kumada T, Berhane S, Wichert M, Heider D, Gerken G, Johnson P, Canbay A. GALAD Score Detects Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma in an International Cohort of Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 18:728-735.e4. [PMID: 31712073 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing. However, strategies for detection of early-stage HCC in patients with NASH have limitations. We assessed the ability of the GALAD score, which determines risk of HCC based on patient sex; age; and serum levels of α-fetoprotein (AFP), AFP isoform L3 (AFP-L3), and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), to detect HCC in patients with NASH. METHODS We performed a case-control study of 125 patients with HCC (20% within Milan Criteria) and 231 patients without HCC (NASH controls) from 8 centers in Germany. We compared the performance of serum AFP, AFP-L3, or DCP vs GALAD score to identify patients with HCC using receiver operating characteristic curves and corresponding area under the curve (AUC) analyses. We also analyzed data from 389 patients with NASH under surveillance for HCC in Japan, followed for a median of 167 months. During the 5-year screening period, 26 patients developed HCC. To compensate for irregular intervals of data points, we performed locally weighted scatterplot smoothing, linear regression, and a non-linear curve fit to assess development of GALAD before HCC development. RESULTS The GALAD score identified patients with any stage HCC with an AUC of 0.96 - significantly greater than values for serum levels of AFP (AUC, 0.88), AFP-L3 (AUC, 0.86) or DCP (AUC, 0.87). AUC values for the GALAD score were consistent in patients with cirrhosis (AUC, 0.93) and without cirrhosis (AUC, 0.98). For detection of HCC within Milan Criteria, the GALAD score achieved an AUC of 0.91, with a sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 95% at a cutoff of -0.63. In a pilot Japanese cohort study, the mean GALAD score was higher in patients with NASH who developed HCC than in those who did not develop HCC as early as 1.5 years before HCC diagnosis. GALAD scores were above -0.63 approximately 200 days before the diagnosis of HCC. CONCLUSIONS In a case-control study performed in Germany and a pilot cohort study in Japan, we found the GALAD score may detect HCC with high levels of accuracy in patients with NASH, with and without cirrhosis. The GALAD score can detect patients with early-stage HCC, and might facilitate surveillance of patients with NASH, who are often obese, which limits the sensitivity of detection of liver cancer by ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Best
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lars P Bechmann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Dechêne
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Paracelsus Medical University, Klinikum Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Pflanz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sotiria Bedreli
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Clemens Schotten
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Geier
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Berg
- Section of Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janett Fischer
- Section of Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arndt Vogel
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical High School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heike Bantel
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical High School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arndt Weinmann
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörn M Schattenberg
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yvonne Huber
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Henning Wege
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Johann von Felden
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Kornelius Schulze
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Dominik Bettinger
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Berta-Ottenstein-Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Thimme
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Sinner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schütte
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karl Heinz Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Kumada
- Department of Nursing, Gifu Kyoritsu University, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Sarah Berhane
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Wichert
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dominik Heider
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Guido Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philip Johnson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
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13
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Schotten C, Bechmann LP, Manka P, Theysohn J, Dechêne A, El Fouly A, Barbato F, Neumann U, Radünz S, Sydor S, Heider D, Venerito M, Canbay A, Gerken G, Herrmann K, Wedemeyer H, Best J. NAFLD-Associated Comorbidities in Advanced Stage HCC Do Not Alter the Safety and Efficacy of Yttrium-90 Radioembolization. Liver Cancer 2019; 8:491-504. [PMID: 31799206 PMCID: PMC6883476 DOI: 10.1159/000501484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arising in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may not be suitable for systemic therapy due to metabolic syndrome-related diseases. Recent trials did not show a survival benefit of radioembolization (RE) compared to sorafenib in advanced stage HCC but RE may represent an adequate alternative in patients with contraindications to systemic therapy due to its favorable safety profile. AIM To investigate the impact of NAFLD-related comorbidities on safety and efficacy of RE for HCC treatment in a retrospective monocentric cohort study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Safety and efficacy of RE were evaluated in patients with NAFLD-associated HCC. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC patients served as controls, exhibiting matching Barcelona Liver Cancer Clinic (BCLC) stages while showing significantly fewer metabolic comorbidities. RESULTS Overall, 87 HCC patients with NAFLD (mean age 71.3 ± 6.9 years) and 62 HCC patients with HBV (mean age 58.8 ± 10.9 years) not amenable to surgical or conventional locoregional treatments were included. Patients with HBV-related HCC had a comparable liver function to HCC patients with NAFLD. RE treatment-related toxicity did not differ between the two groups (increase in bilirubin Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade in 29 [38.7%] NAFLD and 20 [39.2%] HBV patients, p = 0.91). Overall survival was similar in HCC patients with NAFLD and HBV (11.1 [interquartile range, IQR, 18.27] vs. 9.3 months [IQR 14.73], p = 0.38), also in the subgroup analyses of BCLC B and C stages. CONCLUSION RE showed similar survival outcomes at a comparable toxicity profile in HCC patients with NAFLD and HBV. NAFLD-associated metabolic comorbidities did not exhibit limitations for RE while offering comparable therapeutic efficacy as compared to HBV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Schotten
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars P. Bechmann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Paul Manka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Jens Theysohn
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Dechêne
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany,Department of Internal Medicine 6, Paracelsus Medical University Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Amr El Fouly
- Endemic Medicine Department, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Francesco Barbato
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Ursula Neumann
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sonia Radünz
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Heider
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marino Venerito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Guido Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Best
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany,*Jan Best, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Strasse 44, DE–39120 Magdeburg (Germany), E-Mail
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14
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Manka P, Bechmann L, Best J, Sydor S, Claridge LC, Coombes JD, Canbay A, Moeller L, Gerken G, Wedemeyer H, Syn WK. Low Free Triiodothyronine Is Associated with Advanced Fibrosis in Patients at High Risk for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:2351-2358. [PMID: 31155687 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05687-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormone is critical for tissue-organ development, growth, differentiation, and metabolism. In murine models of advanced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the administration of T3 reduced liver triglyceride, repressed liver inflammation, and attenuated injury. In recent studies of patients with NASH, hypothyroidism was noted to be associated with more advanced NASH. These findings suggest that thyroid hormone function might be a modulator of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) outcomes. AIMS Herein, we evaluated the correlation between plasma TSH/free T3 (fT3)/free T4 (fT4) levels and (non-invasive) surrogate markers of NAFLD fibrosis. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 144 patients who were seen in our NASH outpatient clinic between 2015 and 2017. Each patient underwent a standard anthropometric assessment, laboratory and clinical evaluations, and liver stiffness measurements by transient elastography (Fibroscan). Univariate analysis and multivariate linear and logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors independently associated with NASH and advanced fibrosis. RESULTS Low fT3 values but not TSH and fT4 were associated with higher liver stiffness and higher NAFLD fibrosis score, respectively. fT3 and TSH values correlated significantly with indices of liver disease including INR, albumin, ALT, AST, bilirubin, and platelets. In multivariate analyses, a low fT3 was independently associated with high NFS scores (OR 0.169, CI 0.05-0.54, p = 0.003) and was also associated with high liver stiffness readings (OR 0.326, CI 0.135-0.785, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION A low-normal thyroid hormone function is predictive of NASH and advanced fibrosis and may have a pathogenic role in modulating NAFLD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Manka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany. .,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Lars Bechmann
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jan Best
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lee C Claridge
- Department of Hepatology, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Jason D Coombes
- Department of Inflammation Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Bioengineering, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ali Canbay
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lars Moeller
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Guido Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Wing-Kin Syn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.,Section of Gastroenterology, Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
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15
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Shajari S, Saeed A, Smith-Cortinez NF, Heegsma J, Sydor S, Faber KN. Hormone-sensitive lipase is a retinyl ester hydrolase in human and rat quiescent hepatic stellate cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:1258-1267. [PMID: 31150775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) store vitamin A as retinyl esters and control circulating retinol levels. Upon liver injury, quiescent (q)HSC lose their vitamin A and transdifferentiate to myofibroblasts, e.g. activated (a)HSC, which promote fibrosis by producing excessive extracellular matrix. Adipose triglyceride lipase/patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 (ATGL/PNPLA2) and adiponutrin (ADPN/PNPLA3) have so far been shown to mobilize retinol from retinyl esters in HSC. Here, we studied the putative role of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL/LIPE) in HSC, as it is the major retinyl ester hydrolase (REH) in adipose tissue. Lipe/HSL expression was analyzed in rat liver and primary human and rat qHSC and culture-activated aHSC. Retinyl hydrolysis was analyzed after Isoproterenol-mediated phosphorylation/activation of HSL. Primary human HSC contain 2.5-fold higher LIPE mRNA levels compared to hepatocytes. Healthy rat liver contains significant mRNA and protein levels of HSL/Lipe, which predominates in qHSC and cells of the portal tree. Q-PCR comparison indicates that Lipe mRNA levels in qHSC are dominant over Pnpla2 and Pnpla3. HSL is mostly phosphorylated/activated in qHSC and partly colocalizes with vitamin A-containing lipid droplets. Lipe/HSL and Pnpla3 expression is rapidly lost during HSC culture-activation, while Pnpla2 expression is maintained. HSL super-activation by isoproterenol accelerates loss of lipid droplets and retinyl palmitate from HSC, which coincided with a small, but significant reduction in HSC proliferation and suppression of Collagen1A1 mRNA and protein levels. In conclusion, HSL participates in vitamin A metabolism in qHSC. Equivalent activities of ATGL and ADPN provide the healthy liver with multiple routes to control circulating retinol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Shajari
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ali Saeed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Natalia F Smith-Cortinez
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janette Heegsma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Zoubek ME, Woitok MM, Sydor S, Nelson LJ, Bechmann LP, Lucena MI, Andrade RJ, Bast A, Koek GH, Trautwein C, Cubero FJ. Protective role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase-2 (JNK2) in ibuprofen-induced acute liver injury. J Pathol 2018; 247:110-122. [PMID: 30264435 DOI: 10.1002/path.5174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ibuprofen is a worldwide used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug which may cause acute liver injury (ALI) requiring liver transplantation. We aimed to unveil the molecular pathways involved in triggering ibuprofen-induced ALI, which, at present, remain elusive. First, we investigated activation of essential pathways in human liver sections of ibuprofen-induced ALI. Next, we assessed the cytotoxicity of ibuprofen in vitro and developed a novel murine model of ibuprofen intoxication. To assess the role of JNK, we used animals carrying constitutive deletion of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (Jnk1-/- ) or Jnk2 (Jnk2-/- ) expression and included investigations using animals with hepatocyte-specific Jnk deletion either genetically (Jnk1Δhepa ) or by siRNA (siJnk2Δhepa ). We found in human and murine samples of ibuprofen-induced acute liver failure that JNK phosphorylation was increased in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and other non-liver parenchymal cells (non-LPCs) compared with healthy tissue. In mice, ibuprofen intoxication resulted in a significantly stronger degree of liver injury compared with vehicle-treated controls as evidenced by serum transaminases, and hepatic histopathology. Next, we investigated molecular pathways. PKCα, AKT, JNK and RIPK1 were significantly increased 8 h after ibuprofen intoxication. Constitutive Jnk1-/- and Jnk2-/- deficient mice exhibited increased liver dysfunction compared to wild-type (WT) animals. Furthermore, siJnk2Δhepa animals showed a dramatic increase in biochemical markers of liver function, which correlated with significantly higher serum liver enzymes and worsened liver histology, and MAPK activation compared to Jnk1Δhepa or WT animals. In our study, cytoplasmic JNK activation in hepatocytes and other non-LPCs is a hallmark of human and murine ibuprofen-induced ALI. Functional in vivo analysis demonstrated a protective role of hepatocyte-specific Jnk2 during ibuprofen ALI. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel E Zoubek
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marius M Woitok
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Leonard J Nelson
- Institute for Bioengineering (IBioE), Human Tissue Engineering, Faraday Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lars P Bechmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Maria I Lucena
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Enfermedades Digestivas, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, CIBERehd, Málaga, Spain
| | - Raul J Andrade
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Enfermedades Digestivas, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, CIBERehd, Málaga, Spain
| | - Aalt Bast
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ger H Koek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center and School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Francisco J Cubero
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
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Juntermanns B, Kaiser GM, Orth L, Reis H, Jaradat D, Sydor S, Buechter M, Kasper S, Mathé Z, Sotiropoulos GC, Baba HA, Canbay A, Paul A, Fingas CD. Comparison of the sixth and the seventh editions of the UICC classification for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Med Res 2018; 23:29. [PMID: 29859128 PMCID: PMC5984789 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-018-0329-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current seventh edition of the TNM classification for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) includes tumor number, vascular invasion, lymph node involvement but no longer the tumor size as compared to the sixth edition. The impact of the seventh edition on stage-based prognostic prediction for patients with ICC was evaluated. Methods Between 03/2001 and 02/2013, 98 patients with the diagnosis of an ICC were surgically treated at our center. Median survival times were calculated for these patients after separate classification by both sixth and seventh editions. Results Median overall survival was increased in patients classified to the lower tumor stages I and II using the seventh as compared to the sixth edition: stage I (54.9 vs. 47.3 months), stage II (19.9 vs. 18.9 months), stage III (17.2 vs. 19.9 months), and stage IV (23.2 vs. 15.3 months), respectively. The seventh edition definition of the T category resulted in an increased median survival regarding the T1 (50.4 vs. 47.3 months) as well as the T2 category (19.9 vs. 15.6 months) and revealed a reduced median survival of patients within the T3 (21.6 vs. 24.8 months) as well as the T4 category (19.9 vs. 27.0 months). Conclusions The UICC seventh edition TNM classification for ICC improves separation of patients with intermediate stage tumors as compared to the sixth edition. The prognostic value of the UICC staging system has been improved by the seventh edition. Trial registration The data for this study have been retrospectively registered and the study has been approved by the ethic committee of the medical faculty of the University Hospital of Essen, Germany (license number 15-6353-BO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Juntermanns
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Gernot Maximilian Kaiser
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany. .,Department of General and Visceral Surgery, St. Bernhard-Hospital, Bürgermeister-Schmelzing-Str. 90, 47475, Kamp-Lintfort, Germany.
| | - Lena Orth
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Henning Reis
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Derar Jaradat
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Buechter
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Kasper
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Zoltan Mathé
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Georgios Charalambos Sotiropoulos
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Hideo Andreas Baba
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Paul
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Dominik Fingas
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
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18
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Fingas CD, Beste M, Penndorf V, Sydor S, Nadalin S, Bechmann L, Paul A, Gerken G, Canbay A, Jochum C. Liver Regeneration-Related Cytokine Profiles in Donors and Recipients Before and After Living-Donor Liver Transplant. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2018; 16:554-561. [PMID: 29633929 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2017.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The liver's capability to completely regenerate after injury is a unique phenomenon in which cytokines are of particular interest. Here, we aimed to assess the release patterns and prognostic relevance of liver regeneration-related cytokines in the setting of living-donor liver transplant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven cytokines related to liver regeneration (hepatocyte growth factor, interleukin 6, insulin-like growth factor-1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, transforming growth factor beta, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, stem cell factor, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12, angiogenin, fibroblast growth factor-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor) were compared in 13 living-donor liver transplant recipients and their corresponding donors before and daily (10 days) after transplant. Patients and donors were stratified by clinical outcomes (early graft loss within 4 weeks after transplant vs beneficial outcome). RESULTS Most cytokines tested (especially tumor necrosis factor alpha and stem cell factor) were elevated in recipients versus donors. Many cytokines were also increased in recipients with graft loss (especially CXCL12) and in donors of recipients with beneficial outcomes (especially fibroblast growth factor 2). Fibroblast growth factor 2 levels were also correlated positively with serum gamma-glutamyltransferase, and higher preoperative concentrations in donors were associated with recipients having beneficial outcomes, indicating an improved regenerative capacity. In contrast, elevated CXCL12 levels in recipients before and after LDLT predicted graft loss and were linked to ongoing liver damage. CONCLUSIONS In living-donor liver transplant, there are distinct differences between donors and recipients regarding the release of liver regeneration-related cytokines. Moreover, fibroblast growth factor 2 and CXCL12 may be of diagnostic value in a complementary way to describe or even predict the possible outcomes after transplant. These results may be of clinical interest not only for living-donor liver transplant but also for acute liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian D Fingas
- From the Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Sydor S, Bechmann LP. Hepatic stellate cell autophagy in acute liver injury: A novel role for nitric oxide? Liver Int 2017; 37:1602-1604. [PMID: 29065253 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lars P Bechmann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Sydor S, Jafoui S, Wingerter L, Swoboda S, Mertens JC, Gerken G, Canbay A, Paul A, Fingas CD. Bcl-2 degradation is an additional pro-apoptotic effect of polo-like kinase inhibition in cholangiocarcinoma cells. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:4007-4015. [PMID: 28652654 PMCID: PMC5473120 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i22.4007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the influence on apoptotic mechanisms following inhibition of polo-like kinases as therapeutically approach for cholangiocellular cancer treatment. METHODS As most cholangiocarcinomas are chemotherapy-resistant due to mechanisms preventing tumor cell death, we investigated the effect of Cisplatin on cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCA) cell lines KMCH-1 and Mz-Ch-1. Polo-like kinases (PLK) are important regulators of the cell cycle and their inhibition is discussed as a potential therapy while PLK inhibition can regulate apoptotic mediators. Here, cells were treated with PLK inhibitor BI6727 (Volasertib), Cisplatin, and in combination of both compounds. Cell viability was assessed by MTT; apoptosis was measured by DAPI staining and caspase-3/-7 assay. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to measure expression levels of apoptosis-related molecules Bax and Bcl-2. RESULTS The cell viability in the CCA cell lines KMCH-1 and Mz-Ch-1 was reduced in all treatment conditions compared to vehicle-treated cells. Co-treatment with BI6727 and cisplatin could even enhance the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin single treatment. Thus, co-treatment of cisplatin with BI6727 could slightly enhance the cytotoxic effect of the cisplatin in both cell lines whereas there was evidence of increased apoptosis induction solely in Mz-Ch-1 as compared to KMCH-1. Moreover, PLK inhibition decreases protein levels of Bcl-2; an effect that can be reversed by the proteasomal degradation inhibitor MG-132. In contrast, protein levels of Bax were not found to be altered by PLK inhibition. These findings indicate that cytotoxic effects of Cisplatin in Mz-Ch-1 cells can be enhanced by cotreatment with BI6727. CONCLUSION In conclusion, BI6727 treatment can sensitize CCA cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis with proteasomal Bcl-2 degradation as an additional pro-apoptotic effect.
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21
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Sydor S, Sowa JP, Megger DA, Schlattjan M, Jafoui S, Wingerter L, Carpinteiro A, Baba HA, Bechmann LP, Sitek B, Gerken G, Gulbins E, Canbay A. Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency in Western diet-fed mice protects against adipocyte hypertrophy and diet-induced liver steatosis. Mol Metab 2017; 6:416-427. [PMID: 28462076 PMCID: PMC5404101 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alterations in sphingolipid and ceramide metabolism have been associated with various diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) converts the membrane lipid sphingomyelin to ceramide, thereby affecting membrane composition and domain formation. We investigated the ways in which the Asm knockout (Smpd1-/-) genotype affects diet-induced NAFLD. METHODS Smpd1-/- mice and wild type controls were fed either a standard or Western diet (WD) for 6 weeks. Liver and adipose tissue morphology and mRNA expression were assessed. Quantitative proteome analysis of liver tissue was performed. Expression of selected genes was quantified in adipose and liver tissue of obese NAFLD patients. RESULTS Although Smpd1-/- mice exhibited basal steatosis with normal chow, no aggravation of NAFLD-type injury was observed with a Western diet. This protective effect was associated with the absence of adipocyte hypertrophy and the increased expression of genes associated with brown adipocyte differentiation. In white adipose tissue from obese patients with NAFLD, no expression of these genes was detectable. To further elucidate which pathways in liver tissue may be affected by Smpd1-/-, we performed an unbiased proteome analysis. Protein expression in WD-fed Smpd1-/- mice indicated a reduction in Rictor (mTORC2) activity; this reduction was confirmed by diminished Akt phosphorylation and altered mRNA expression of Rictor target genes. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that the protective effect of Asm deficiency on diet-induced steatosis is conferred by alterations in adipocyte morphology and lipid metabolism and by reductions in Rictor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany.
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany.
| | - Dominik A Megger
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany; Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany.
| | - Martin Schlattjan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany.
| | - Sami Jafoui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany.
| | - Lena Wingerter
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany.
| | - Alexander Carpinteiro
- Department of Molecular Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany.
| | - Hideo A Baba
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany.
| | - Lars P Bechmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany.
| | - Barbara Sitek
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Guido Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany.
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany.
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45120 Essen, Germany; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Best J, Zahn A, Beilfuß A, Sydor S, Fingas C, Sowa JP, Anastasiou O, Cicinnati V, Gerken G, Canbay A, Bechmann LP. Mycophenolic acid induces apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells in an in vitro model of HCV. Ann Hepatol 2016; 14:396-403. [PMID: 25864221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important risk factor for the development of liver fibrosis and progression to cirrhosis. Liver transplantation as terminal treatment option for liver disease requires life-long immunosuppression. However, immunomodulatory therapy may promote reinfection and renewed fibrogenesis. Immunosupressive agents may also affect the life cycle of hepatic stellate cells (HSC), the main source of extracellular matrix. We thus aimed to characterize the effects of three common immunosuppressive agents on HSC apoptosis with or without engulfment of HCV infected apoptotic bodies. MATERIAL AND METHODS LX2 cells were incubated with three different immunosuppressants (rapamycine, mycophenolic acid or cyclosporine A) and co-incubated for 24 and 48 h with apoptotic bodies (AB), produced from Huh7 cells or from Con1 cells (Huh7-cells containing a subgenomic HCV replicon). The engulfment of AB was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. HSC viability, apoptosis rate and expression of profibrogenic and proapoptotic genes were quantified. RESULTS In LX2 cells that engulfed Con1 AB, the treatment with mycophenolic acid induced HSC apoptosis and reduced collagen 1alpha 1 expression compared to cylosporine A or rapamycine treatment. In conclusion mycophenolic acid is a potent inducer of HSC apoptosis and attenuates HSC activation and consecutively fibrogenesis in HCV infection. Translational studies will need to confirm these mono-culture results in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Best
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Zahn
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anja Beilfuß
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Fingas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Olympia Anastasiou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Vito Cicinnati
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Guido Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars P Bechmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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23
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Juntermanns B, Sydor S, Kaiser GM, Jaradat D, Mertens JC, Sotiropoulos GC, Swoboda S, Neuhaus JP, Meng W, Mathé Z, Baba HA, Canbay A, Paul A, Fingas CD. Polo-like kinase 3 is associated with improved overall survival in cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Int 2015; 35:2448-57. [PMID: 25818805 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) paradoxically express the death ligand TRAIL and thus, are dependent on effective survival signals to circumvent apoptosis. Hedgehog signalling exerts major survival signals in CCA by regulating serine/threonine kinase polo-like kinase (PLK)2. We here aimed to examine the role of PLK1/2/3 expression for CCA tumour biology. METHODS We employed CCA samples from 73 patients and human HUCCT-1/Mz-CHA1/KMCH-1 CCA cells. Immunohistochemistry for PLK1/2/3 was performed using tissue microarrays from representative tumour areas. RESULTS PLK1/2/3-immunoreactive cancer cells were present in most of the CCA samples. However, only PLK1 and especially PLK3 were expressed in higher amounts within CCA cells as compared to normal liver. Given that fibroblast growth factor (FGF) can induce PLK3 expression and also is present in CCA, we examined the effect of FGF on PLK3 in vitro. Indeed, rhFGF rapidly increased PLK3 mRNA expression all three CCA cell lines giving an explanation for the abundant PLK3 presence in the tissue samples. Clinicopathologically, PLK3 expression was associated with decreased tumour cell migration and lymph/blood vessel infiltration whereas higher levels of PLK1 were correlated with larger tumour sizes. Moreover, strong PLK3 expression was associated with prolonged overall survival. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that PLK3 predominantly is expressed in CCA cells and that high PLK3 expression correlates with prolonged overall survival. These observations might have implications for prognosis prediction of human CCA as well as the potential therapeutic use of polo-like kinase inhibitors (i.e., PLK1/2 specifity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Juntermanns
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gernot M Kaiser
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Derar Jaradat
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim C Mertens
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georgios C Sotiropoulos
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sandra Swoboda
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan P Neuhaus
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Zoltan Mathé
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hideo A Baba
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Paul
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian D Fingas
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Anastasiou O, Sydor S, Sowa JP, Manka P, Katsounas A, Syn WK, Führer D, Gieseler RK, Bechmann LP, Gerken G, Moeller LC, Canbay A. Higher Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine Values Are Associated with Better Outcome in Acute Liver Failure. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132189. [PMID: 26147961 PMCID: PMC4493082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Changes in thyroid hormone levels, mostly as non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS), have been described in many diseases. However, the relationship between acute liver failure (ALF) and thyroid hormone levels has not yet been clarified. The present study evaluates potential correlations of select thyroid functional parameters with ALF. Methods 84 consecutively recruited ALF patients were grouped according to the outcome of ALF (spontaneous recovery: SR; transplantation or death: NSR). TSH, free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), T4, and T3 were determined. Results More than 50% of patients with ALF presented with abnormal thyroid parameters. These patients had greater risk for an adverse outcome than euthyroid patients. SR patients had significantly higher TSH, T4, and T3 concentrations than NSR patients. Albumin concentrations were significantly higher in SR than in NSR. In vitro T3 treatment was not able to rescue primary human hepatocytes from acetaminophen induced changes in mRNA expression. Conclusions In patients with ALF, TSH and total thyroid hormone levels differed significantly between SR patients and NSR patients. This might be related to diminished liver-derived transport proteins, such as albumin, in more severe forms of ALF. Thyroid parameters may serve as additional indicators of ALF severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olympia Anastasiou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg, Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg, Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg, Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Paul Manka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg, Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
- Regeneration and Repair Group, The Institute of Hepatology, London, WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom
| | - Antonios Katsounas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg, Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Wing-Kin Syn
- Regeneration and Repair Group, The Institute of Hepatology, London, WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom
- Liver Unit, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dagmar Führer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, University Duisburg, Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Robert K. Gieseler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg, Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
- Rodos BioTarget GmbH, Medical Park Hannover, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lars P. Bechmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg, Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Guido Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg, Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars C. Moeller
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, University Duisburg, Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg, Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Sydor S, Canbay A, Bechmann LP. Identifying soluble mediators of nuclear receptor and insulin signaling may enhance noninvasive diagnosis of fibrosis in Fatty liver disease. Digestion 2015; 90:33-4. [PMID: 25139186 DOI: 10.1159/000365886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Beilfuss A, Sowa JP, Sydor S, Beste M, Bechmann LP, Schlattjan M, Syn WK, Wedemeyer I, Mathé Z, Jochum C, Gerken G, Gieseler RK, Canbay A. Vitamin D counteracts fibrogenic TGF-β signalling in human hepatic stellate cells both receptor-dependently and independently. Gut 2015; 64:791-9. [PMID: 25134788 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely linked to obesity and constitutes part of the metabolic syndrome, which have been associated with low serum vitamin D (VD). Due to known crosstalk between VD and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signalling, VD has been proposed as an antifibrotic treatment. DESIGN We evaluated the association between VD, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and liver fibrosis in primary human hepatic stellate cells (phHSC) and 106 morbidly obese patients with NAFLD. RESULTS Treating phHSC with VD ameliorated TGF-β-induced fibrogenesis via both VDR-dependent and VDR-independent mechanisms. Reduction of fibrogenic response was abolished in cells homozygous for GG at the A1012G single nucleotide polymorphisms within the VDR gene. Compared with healthy livers, NAFLD livers expressed higher levels of VDR mRNA and VDR fragments. VDR mRNA was lower in patients homozygous for GG at A1012G and expression of pro-fibrogenic genes was higher in patients carrying the G allele. CONCLUSIONS VD may be an antifibrotic treatment option early in the onset of fibrosis in specific genotypes for VDR. Known polymorphisms of the VDR may influence the response to VD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Beilfuss
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mechthild Beste
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars P Bechmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Schlattjan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wing-Kin Syn
- The Institute of Hepatology, Regeneration and Repair Group, London, UK
| | - Inga Wedemeyer
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Zoltan Mathé
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Jochum
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Guido Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Robert K Gieseler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany Rodos BioTarget GmbH, Medical Park Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Sowa JP, Atmaca Ö, Kahraman A, Schlattjan M, Lindner M, Sydor S, Scherbaum N, Lackner K, Gerken G, Heider D, Arteel GE, Erim Y, Canbay A. Non-invasive separation of alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease with predictive modeling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101444. [PMID: 24988316 PMCID: PMC4079653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Objective Currently, a major clinical challenge is to distinguish between chronic liver disease caused by metabolic syndrome (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD) from that caused by long term or excessive alcohol consumption (ALD). The etiology of severe liver disease affects treatment options and priorities for liver transplantation and organ allocation. Thus we compared physiologically similar NAFLD and ALD patients to detect biochemical differences for improved separation of these mechanistically overlapping etiologies. Methods In a cohort of 31 NAFLD patients with BMI below 30 and a cohort of ALD patient with (ALDC n = 51) or without cirrhosis (ALDNC n = 51) serum transaminases, cell death markers and (adipo-)cytokines were assessed. Groups were compared with One-way ANOVA and Tukey's correction. Predictive models were built by machine learning techniques. Results NAFLD, ALDNC or ALDC patients did not differ in demographic parameters. The ratio of alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase - common serum parameters for liver damage - was significantly higher in the NAFLD group compared to both ALD groups (each p<0.0001). Adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-alpha were significantly lower in NAFLD than in ALDNC (p<0.05) or ALDC patients (p<0.0001). Significantly higher serum concentrations of cell death markers, hyaluronic acid, adiponectin, and TNF-alpha (each p<0.0001) were found in ALDC compared to ALDNC. Using machine learning techniques we were able to discern NAFLD and ALDNC (up to an AUC of 0.9118±0.0056) or ALDC and ALDNC (up to an AUC of 0.9846±0.0018), respectively. Conclusions Machine learning techniques relying on ALT/AST ratio, adipokines and cytokines distinguish NAFLD and ALD. In addition, severity of ALD may be non-invasively diagnosed via serum cytokine concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Özgür Atmaca
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alisan Kahraman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Schlattjan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marion Lindner
- LVR-Clinic, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- LVR-Clinic, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Guido Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dominik Heider
- Department of Bioinformatics, Straubing Center of Science, Straubing, Germany
| | - Gavin E. Arteel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Yesim Erim
- LVR-Clinic, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Psychosomatic and Psychotherapeutic Department, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Fingas CD, Altinbas A, Schlattjan M, Beilfuss A, Sowa JP, Sydor S, Bechmann LP, Ertle J, Akkiz H, Herzer K, Paul A, Gerken G, Baba HA, Canbay A. Expression of apoptosis- and vitamin D pathway-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Digestion 2014; 87:176-81. [PMID: 23635474 DOI: 10.1159/000348441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide and therapeutic options are scarce. As they might represent future targets for cancer therapy, the expression of apoptosis-related genes in HCC is of particular interest. In this pilot study, we further examined apoptosis-related genes in human HCC and also focused on vitamin D signaling as this might be a regulator of HCC cell apoptosis. METHODS We employed tumor tissue and serum samples from 62 HCC patients as well as 62 healthy controls for these studies. Tissue and serum specimens were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and ELISA. RESULTS In HCC patients the apoptosis marker M30 was found to be elevated and several pro-apoptotic (TRAIL, FasL and FasR) as well as anti-apoptotic genes (Mcl-1 and Bcl-2) were simultaneously upregulated in tumor tissue and especially tumor-surrounding tissue as compared to healthy control livers. Moreover, vitamin D serum levels were decreased in HCC patients whereas vitamin D receptor mRNA expression was increased in tumor tissue and tumor-surrounding tissue as compared to healthy livers. CONCLUSIONS In human HCC, M30 serum levels are elevated indicating an increased cell turnover. Modulation of the vitamin D pathway might be a supportive, pro-apoptotic HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian D Fingas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
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Fingas CD, Mertens JC, Razumilava N, Sydor S, Bronk SF, Christensen JD, Rizvi SH, Canbay A, Treckmann JW, Paul A, Sirica AE, Gores GJ. Polo-like kinase 2 is a mediator of hedgehog survival signaling in cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology 2013; 58:1362-74. [PMID: 23703673 PMCID: PMC3811036 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells paradoxically express the death ligand tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and thus rely on potent survival signals to circumvent cell death by TRAIL. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is an important survival pathway in CCA. Herein, we further examine the mechanisms whereby Hh signaling mediates apoptosis resistance in CCA, revealing a pivotal role for the cell division regulating serine/threonine kinase polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2). We employed 50 human CCA samples (25 intrahepatic and 25 extrahepatic CCA) as well as human KMCH-1, Mz-CHA-1, and HUCCT-1 CCA cells for these studies. In vivo experiments were conducted using a syngeneic rat orthotopic CCA model. In human samples, polo-like kinase (PLK)1/2/3-immunoreactive cancer cells were present in the preponderance of intra- and extrahepatic CCA specimens. Inhibition of Hh signaling by cyclopamine reduced PLK2, but not PLK1 or PLK3, messenger RNA and protein expression in vehicle-treated and sonic Hh-treated CCA cells, confirming our previous microarray study. PLK2 regulation by Hh signaling appears to be direct, because the Hh transcription factors, glioma-associated oncogene 1 and 2, bind to the PLK2 promotor. Moreover, inhibition of PLK2 by the PLK inhibitor, BI 6727 (volasertib), or PLK2 knockdown was proapoptotic in CCA cells. BI 6727 administration or PLK2 knockdown decreased cellular protein levels of antiapoptotic myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1), an effect reversed by the proteasome inhibitor, MG-132. Finally, BI 6727 administration reduced Mcl-1 protein expression in CCA cells, resulting in CCA cell apoptosis and tumor suppression in vivo. CONCLUSION PLK2 appears to be an important mediator of Hh survival signaling. These results suggest PLK inhibitors to be of therapeutic value for treatment of human CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian D. Fingas
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim C. Mertens
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nataliya Razumilava
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Steven F. Bronk
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - John D. Christensen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Sumera H. Rizvi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jürgen W. Treckmann
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Paul
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alphonse E. Sirica
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathogenesis, Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - Gregory J. Gores
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
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Bechmann LP, Kocabayoglu P, Sowa JP, Sydor S, Best J, Schlattjan M, Beilfuss A, Schmitt J, Hannivoort RA, Kilicarslan A, Rust C, Berr F, Tschopp O, Gerken G, Friedman SL, Geier A, Canbay A. Free fatty acids repress small heterodimer partner (SHP) activation and adiponectin counteracts bile acid-induced liver injury in superobese patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2013; 57:1394-406. [PMID: 23299969 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in industrialized countries and may proceed to steatohepatitis (NASH). Apoptosis and free fatty acid (FFA)-induced lipotoxicity are important features of NASH pathogenesis. We have shown a hepatoprotective effect of adiponectin in steatotic livers of hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients and recent data links bile acid (BA) metabolism to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The aim of this study was to identify potential interactions between BA and FFA metabolism in NAFLD. Liver biopsies and serum samples from 113 morbidly obese patients receiving bariatric surgery, healthy individuals, and moderately obese NAFLD patients were studied. Serum FFA, BA, and M30 were increased in NASH versus simple steatosis, while adiponectin was significantly decreased. The NAFLD activity score (NAS) score correlated with BA levels and reversely with adiponectin. Adiponectin reversely correlated with CD95/Fas messenger RNA (mRNA) and hepatocellular apoptosis. The BA transporter high-affinity Na+ /taurocholate cotransporter (NTCP) and the BA synthesizing enzyme cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) were significantly up-regulated in obese patients and hepatoma cells exposed to FFA. Up-regulation of NTCP and CYP7A1 indicate failure to activate small heterodimer partner (SHP) upon farnesoid X receptor (FXR) stimulation by increasing BA concentrations. In line with the NAS score, adiponectin levels were reversely correlated with BA levels. Adiponectin correlated with NTCP and affects Cyp7A1 expression both in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION BA synthesis and serum BA levels correlated with disease severity in NAFLD, while adiponectin is reversely correlated. FFA exposure prevented SHP-mediated repression of NTCP and Cyp7A1 expression, which lead to increased BA synthesis and uptake. In NASH, BA accumulation induced hepatocyte cell death and late FXR activation failed to prevent hepatocyte injury due to decreased adiponectin levels. Early treatment with FXR ligands and/or adiponectin-receptor agonists might prevent NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars P Bechmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Sydor S, Gu Y, Schlattjan M, Bechmann LP, Rauen U, Best J, Paul A, Baba HA, Sowa JP, Gerken G, Canbay A. Steatosis does not impair liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. J Transl Med 2013; 93:20-30. [PMID: 23069937 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2012.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is a key feature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). While storage of lipid droplet-bound triglycerides in simple steatosis is physiologically inert, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with hepatocyte damage and apoptosis. Mitochondrial oxidation of free fatty acids (FFA), derived from lipid droplets and hepatocellular uptake, is a rapid and effective way of energy supply for proliferating cells and FFA esterification provides substrates for lipid synthesis and cell proliferation. Thus, we investigated whether simple steatosis induced by western diet (WD) improves liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PHx). WD feeding for 6 weeks caused simple steatosis with hepatic lipid droplet and triglyceride accumulation accompanied by induction of fatty acid transport proteins (FATP), death receptors (DR), pro- and anti-apoptotic genes, hepatocyte growth factor (Hgf) as well as increased serum leptin levels in a mouse model. After PHx, liver cell proliferation was higher in WD-fed mice and associated with FATP and Hgf induction. In addition, Erk1/2 (extracellular-related MAP kinase 1/2) dephosphorylation observed in standard diet (SD) mice was reduced in WD animals. PHx in steatotic livers did not affect hepatocyte apoptosis, despite DR upregulation. WD-induced steatosis enhances liver cell proliferation, which is accompanied by increased Hgf and leptin signaling as well as Erk1/2 phosphorylation. Induction of mild steatosis may therefore be beneficial for surgical outcome of hepatectomies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Sydor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Herzer K, Carbow A, Sydor S, Sowa JP, Biesterfeld S, Hofmann TG, Galle PR, Gerken G, Canbay A. Deficiency of the promyelocytic leukemia protein fosters hepatitis C-associated hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44474. [PMID: 22984515 PMCID: PMC3439406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Overwhelming lines of epidemiological evidence have indicated that persistent infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major risk for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We have recently shown that HCV core protein mediates functional inactivation of the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) tumor suppressor pathway. However, the role of PML in HCC development yet remains unclear. To clarify the function of PML in liver carcinogenesis and HCV-associated pathogenesis we crossed PML-deficient mice with HCV transgene (HCV-Tg) expressing mice and treated the resulting animals with DEN/Phenobarbital, an established protocol for liver carcinogenesis. Seven months after treatment, livers were examined macroscopically and histologically. Genetic depletion of the tumor suppressor PML coincided with an increase in hepatocyte proliferation, resulting in development of multiple dysplastic nodules in 100% of the PML-deficient livers and of HCCs in 53%, establishing a tumor suppressive function of PML in the liver. In animals expressing the HCV-transgene in PML-deficient background, HCC development occurred even in 73%, while only 7% of their wildtype littermates developed HCC. The neoplastic nature of the tumors was confirmed by histology and expression of the HCC marker glutamine synthetase. Several pro- and antiapoptotic factors were tested for differential expression and liver carcinogenesis was associated with impaired expression of the proapoptotic molecule TRAIL in PML-deficient mice. In conclusion, this study provides first in vivo evidence that the tumor suppressor PML acts as an important barrier in liver carcinogenesis and HCV-dependent liver pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Herzer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, Essen, Germany.
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