Evaluation of Multidisciplinary Treatment Relationship between Orthodontics and Periodontology Departments by Examining Inter-Departmental Consultation Notes

Aims

The aim of this study is to evaluate the multidisciplinary treatment relationship between the two specialties of Dentistry, Departments of Periodontology and Orthodontics, by examining consultation request notes between the two departments.

Materials and Methods

The consultation request notes of 1685 patients who were treated at Erciyes University Faculty of Dentistry were included in the study. All notes were analyzed retrospectively and divided into categories. While the consultation request notes of 446 patients from the Department of Periodontology (DP) to the Department of Orthodontics (DO) were evaluated, the consultation request notes of 1239 patients from DO to DP were evaluated. Pearson's Chi-Squared test was used in the cloud-based TURCOSA statistical software for the statistical analysis of the obtained data.

Results

The highest number of requests for consultation from DP to DO was due to "Evaluation of the patient for orthodontic treatment (n = 203; 45.5%)," and the highest number of requests from DO to DP was "Gingival/Periodontal Treatment and Providing Motivation of Oral Hygiene (n = 558; 45.0%)". It was observed that most patients for whom consultation was requested were women (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

This study determined the most common reasons for consultation requests between DP and DO and the sex which was the most prevalent. It was concluded that requests were made for the expertise of the other department for problems that could not be solved by the first department.

Comparison of interfragmentary pinning versus the extension block technique for acute Doyle type 4c mallet finger

The aim of this study was to compare the closed reduction interfragmentary pinning method (IPM) with the extension block technique (EBT) for bony mallet finger. Patients who underwent mallet finger operations were screened retrospectively for the following inclusion criteria: Doyle type 4c, age between 18 and 75 years, less than 4 weeks to surgery, and more than 1 year of follow-up time. Group I underwent a closed reduction IPM, and group II underwent the EBT. Lateral radiographs taken during the preoperative and final examination were used to evaluate the size and amount of displacement from the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint and the dorsal fragment as well as the articular surface. Operation times were compiled from patient records. During the final examination, pain and DIP joint range of motion (ROM) were assessed and complications were recorded. The Crawford criteria were used for functional results. Fifteen patients in group I (8 men, 7 women) and 17 patients in group II (10 men, 7 women) were evaluated. Age, gender, time to surgery and follow-up time showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. The differences in fragment size, preoperative and postoperative joint displacement, amount of dorsal displacement and DIP joint ROM were not statistically significant between the two groups. However, the operation time was significantly shorter time in group I than in group II (p=0.000). The average time to fracture union was significantly longer in group I (7.3 weeks) than in group II (6 weeks) (p=0.013). The EBT has faster time to union and is a safer method with lesser risk of arthritis and fragmentation. The IPM can be an alternative with shorter operation time, less pin bed infection and nail bed damage, especially in Doyle type 4c cases with large fragments.

Zero-valent aluminum-mediated degradation of Bisphenol A in the presence of common oxidants

The use of a commercial, nano-scale zero-valent aluminum (ZVA) powder was explored for the treatment of aqueous Bisphenol A (BPA). The study focused on the (i) activation of hydrogen peroxide (HP) and persulfate (PS) oxidants with ZVA to accelerate BPA degradation, (ii) comparison of the treatment performance in pure and real surface water (SW) samples, (iii) effects on toxicity and (iv) reuse potential of ZVA nanoparticles after ZVA/HP and ZVA/PS treatments. In pure water, ZVA coupled with HP or PS provided an effective means of BPA treatment particularly when PS was employed as the oxidant. On the other hand, in BPA-spiked SW, the ZVA/HP treatment combination outperformed ZVA/PS oxidation in terms of BPA removal, whereas ZVA/PS oxidation was superior in terms of organic carbon removal. According to the bioassays conducted in pure and real SW samples with the marine photobacteria Vibrio fischeri and the freshwater microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, the toxicity response of BPA and its oxidation products was sensitive to the test organism and water matrix. The inhibitory effect of the reaction solution increased at the early stages of ZVA/PS treatment. The reuse potential of the ZVA/HP treatment system was higher than that of the ZVA/PS treatment system.

The perception and attitudes of nursing staff in state psychiatric hospitals regarding the causes and treatment of substance abuse and effecting factors

Objective

This study was performed with the aims of determining the perceptions of nursing staff in psychiatric hospitals regarding the causes and treatment of substance addiction as well as their attitudes towards people with substance abuse problems.

Method

This study was carried out with 389 nurses working at 5 state psychiatry hospitals in Turkey. In this study, demographic questionnaire, the causes of drug abuse scale (CADAS), drug abuse scale (CUDAS), attitudes scale (AS), and a demographic questionnaire were used. Independent sample t-test, variance, correlation, and linear regression analyses were used.

Results

In this study, 82.8% of the nurses were female, and the mean age was 33.79 ± 7.58. We found that the demographic characteristics of the nurses did not affect their perception regarding the causes of addiction and treatment (P > 0.05); but it did have an effect upon their attitude towards people with substance use problem (P < 0.05). Also, it was established that there was a negative relationship between their perception regarding causes of substance misuse and their attitude towards a person with substance use problem; and a positive relationship between their perception regarding substance misuse treatment and their attitude towards the person with substance use problem (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Nursing staff working in psychiatric hospitals in Turkey have the perception that a person takes substances in order to “cope with problems”and for reasons pertaining to his/her “social environment”. Nursing staff tends to indicate a negative attitude towards persons with substance abuse problems, such distancing themselves socially from the patients.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Evaluation of the intraocular pressure in obese adolescents

AIM

The aim of this study was to evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) levels of children with normal and high Body Mass Index (BMI) and to find out the potential correlation between glaucoma and obesity.

METHODS

Thirty obese and thirty healty children were enrolled in this study. Physical examinations and anthropometric measurements of all patients and controls were performed. Obesity was defined as a BMI exceeding the 95th percentile for the patients according to age and sex. All participants were underwent a complete eye examination. The results of these measurements were considered for statistical analysis.

RESULTS

Mean age was 13.5±2.1 years in obese group and 13.3±2.0 years in control group. Mean BMIs were 28.1±3.9 kg/m2 and 19.7±1.2 kg/m2 in obese and control groups, respectively. No significant difference was found in mean IOP levels of both right and left eyes between two groups (P=0.837 and P=0.755, respectively). There was no significant difference in cup/disc ratios of each eyes and mean central corneal thickness of both right and left eyes between obese patients and controls. In visual field analysis, no statistically significant difference in mean false negativeness and mean false positiveness were found between two groups. There were not also any significant correlations in both mean deviation of each eyes (P=0.78 and P=0.94, respectively) and pattern standart deviation of right and left eyes (P=0.89 and P=0.90, respectively) between obese cases and controls.

CONCLUSION

In this study, there were no significant difference in IOP measurements, central corneal thicknesses, cup/disc ratios and visual field parameters between obese and normal children. No significant correlation was found between obesity and glaucoma or elevated IOP in children.

The role of diffusion weighted MR imaging for differentiation between Graves' disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWMRI) for differentation between Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Fifty patients (27 Graves diseases and 23 Hashimoto thyroiditis) and twenty healthy volunteers were examined using T1, T2 and DWMRI. The patients were diagnosed on the basis of physical findings and the results of thyroid function tests and serological tests. Circular ROIs were positioned on the bilateral thyroid lobes and isthmus. All measurements were repeated three different b values including 100, 600 and 1000 s/mm2 in all cases. ADC (Apparent diffusion coefficient) maps were calculated automatically with the MR system.

RESULTS

Mean ADC values were 2.93 × 10-3, 1.97 × 10-3 and 1.62 × 10-3 mm2/s in the healthy volunteers; 3.47 × 10-3, 2.25 × 10-3 and 1.64 × 10-3 mm2/s in Graves' disease; 2.53 × 10-3, 1.76 × 10-3, 1.28 × 10-3 mm2/s in Hashimoto thyroiditis for b100, b600 and b1000, respectively. The ADC values of the Graves diseases were higher than healty volunteers and Hashimoto thyroiditis. ADC values were statistically significant for differentation between Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves' disease all b values (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

DWMRI is fast sequence and does not require contrast agent. Quantitative assessment of the lesion is possible using ADC map. So, DWMRI may be useful differentiation of the Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves' disease.

The effect of epidural and general anesthesia on newborn rectal temperature at elective cesarean section

Both epidural and general anesthesia can impair thermoregulatory mechanisms during surgery. However, there is lack of information about the effects of different methods of anesthesia on newborn temperature. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in newborn rectal temperature related to type of anesthesia. Sixty-three pregnant women were randomly assigned to receive general or epidural anesthesia. Maternal core temperature was measured three times with a rectal probe just before anesthesia, at the beginning of surgery and at delivery. In addition, umbilical vein blood was sampled for pH. The rectal temperatures of the babies were recorded immediately after delivery, and Apgar scores were determined 1, 5, and 10 min after birth. The duration of anesthesia and the volume of intravenous fluid given during the procedure (833 +/- 144 vs 420 +/- 215 mL) were significantly higher in the epidural group than in the general anesthesia group (P < 0.0001). Maternal rectal temperatures were not different in both groups at all measurements. In contrast, newborn rectal temperatures were lower in the epidural anesthesia group than in the general anesthesia group (37.4 +/- 0.3 vs 37.6 +/- 0.3 degrees C; P < 0.05) immediately after birth. Furthermore, the umbilical vein pH value (7.31 +/- 0.05 vs 7.33 +/- 0.01; P < 0.05) and Apgar scores at the 1st-min measurement (8.0 +/- 0.9 vs 8.5 +/- 0.7; P < 0.05) were lower in the epidural anesthesia group than in the general anesthesia group. Since epidural anesthesia requires more iv fluid infusion and a longer time for cesarean section, it involves a risk of a mild temperature reduction for the baby which, however, did not reach the limits of hypothermia.

A rare cerebellar malformation: rhombencephalosynapsis

Rhombencephalosynapsis is a rare cerebellar malformation characterized by absence of the vermis and midline fusion of hemispheres. It is easily recognized by MRI. No specific syndrome has been described in association with this cerebellar anomaly. Early diagnosis is possible especially when coexisting brain anomalies are present. We report a symptomatic case of rhombencephalosynapsis with moderate hydrocephalus.

Midazolams cardiac depressant effects and their lack of reversal by flumazenil in isolated rabbit hearts

Midazolam is known to cause a dose-dependent increase and decrease in the contractile force of the myocardium. Whether flumazenil can reverse these effects of midazolam remains unclear. In this study, we determined the cardiac effects of midazolam and the counter effect of flumazenil on midazolam-induced myocardial depression in isolated rabbit hearts. Rabbit hearts were isolated and perfused using the Langendorff technique, and left ventricle pressure and heart rate were measured by a pressure transducer in the left ventricle. One set of hearts were perfused with increasing concentrations of midazolam for 10 min, another set were perfused with concomitant midazolam and flumazenil. Concentrations of 5, 10, 20 and 50 microM midazolam decreased left ventricle pressure significantly (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, respectively). Heart rates decreased with concentrations of 10, 20 and 50 microM midazolam (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). Flumazenil had no effect on the midazolam-induced decrease in left ventricle pressure and heart rate. Midazolam decreased the cardiac contractile force and heart rate of isolated rabbit hearts in a concentration-dependent manner. The failure of flumazenil to reverse these effects suggest that this cardiac depressant effect of midazolam is not mediated through peripheral benzodiazepine receptors.