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Edgar L, Akbar N, Braithwaite AT, Krausgruber T, Gallart-Ayala H, Bailey J, Corbin AL, Khoyratty TE, Chai JT, Alkhalil M, Rendeiro AF, Ziberna K, Arya R, Cahill TJ, Bock C, Laurencikiene J, Crabtree MJ, Lemieux ME, Riksen NP, Netea MG, Wheelock CE, Channon KM, Rydén M, Udalova IA, Carnicer R, Choudhury RP. Hyperglycemia Induces Trained Immunity in Macrophages and Their Precursors and Promotes Atherosclerosis. Circulation 2021; 144:961-982. [PMID: 34255973 PMCID: PMC8448412 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.046464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular risk in diabetes remains elevated despite glucose-lowering therapies. We hypothesized that hyperglycemia induces trained immunity in macrophages, promoting persistent proatherogenic characteristics. METHODS Bone marrow-derived macrophages from control mice and mice with diabetes were grown in physiological glucose (5 mmol/L) and subjected to RNA sequencing (n=6), assay for transposase accessible chromatin sequencing (n=6), and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (n=6) for determination of hyperglycemia-induced trained immunity. Bone marrow transplantation from mice with (n=9) or without (n=6) diabetes into (normoglycemic) Ldlr-/- mice was used to assess its functional significance in vivo. Evidence of hyperglycemia-induced trained immunity was sought in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with diabetes (n=8) compared with control subjects (n=16) and in human atherosclerotic plaque macrophages excised by laser capture microdissection. RESULTS In macrophages, high extracellular glucose promoted proinflammatory gene expression and proatherogenic functional characteristics through glycolysis-dependent mechanisms. Bone marrow-derived macrophages from diabetic mice retained these characteristics, even when cultured in physiological glucose, indicating hyperglycemia-induced trained immunity. Bone marrow transplantation from diabetic mice into (normoglycemic) Ldlr-/- mice increased aortic root atherosclerosis, confirming a disease-relevant and persistent form of trained innate immunity. Integrated assay for transposase accessible chromatin, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and RNA sequencing analyses of hematopoietic stem cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages revealed a proinflammatory priming effect in diabetes. The pattern of open chromatin implicated transcription factor Runt-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1). Similarly, transcriptomes of atherosclerotic plaque macrophages and peripheral leukocytes in patients with type 2 diabetes were enriched for Runx1 targets, consistent with a potential role in human disease. Pharmacological inhibition of Runx1 in vitro inhibited the trained phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Hyperglycemia-induced trained immunity may explain why targeting elevated glucose is ineffective in reducing macrovascular risk in diabetes and suggests new targets for disease prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurienne Edgar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | - Naveed Akbar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | - Adam T. Braithwaite
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | - Thomas Krausgruber
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (T.K., A.F.R., C.B.)
| | - Héctor Gallart-Ayala
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (H.G.-A., C.E.W.)
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy (H.G.-A., C.E.W.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jade Bailey
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | - Alastair L. Corbin
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, UK (A.L.C., T.E.K., I.A.U.)
| | - Tariq E. Khoyratty
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, UK (A.L.C., T.E.K., I.A.U.)
| | - Joshua T. Chai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | - Mohammad Alkhalil
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | - André F. Rendeiro
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (T.K., A.F.R., C.B.)
| | - Klemen Ziberna
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | - Ritu Arya
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | - Thomas J. Cahill
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (T.K., A.F.R., C.B.)
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (C.B.)
| | - Jurga Laurencikiene
- Department of Medicine (H7) (J.L., M.R.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark J. Crabtree
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | | | - Niels P. Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (N.P.R.., M.G.N.)
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (N.P.R.., M.G.N.)
- Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Germany (M.G.N.)
| | - Craig E. Wheelock
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (H.G.-A., C.E.W.)
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy (H.G.-A., C.E.W.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Keith M. Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine (H7) (J.L., M.R.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Irina A. Udalova
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, UK (A.L.C., T.E.K., I.A.U.)
| | - Ricardo Carnicer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
| | - Robin P. Choudhury
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK (L.E., N.A., A.T.B., J.B., J.T.C., M.A., K.Z., R.A., T.J.C., M.J.C., K.M.C., R.C., R.P.C.)
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Khoyratty TE, Ai Z, Ballesteros I, Eames HL, Mathie S, Martín-Salamanca S, Wang L, Hemmings A, Willemsen N, von Werz V, Zehrer A, Walzog B, van Grinsven E, Hidalgo A, Udalova IA. Distinct transcription factor networks control neutrophil-driven inflammation. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1093-1106. [PMID: 34282331 PMCID: PMC7611586 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils display distinct gene expression patters depending on their developmental stage, activation state and tissue microenvironment. To determine the transcription factor networks that shape these responses in a mouse model, we integrated transcriptional and chromatin analyses of neutrophils during acute inflammation. We showed active chromatin remodeling at two transition stages: bone marrow-to-blood and blood-to-tissue. Analysis of differentially accessible regions revealed distinct sets of putative transcription factors associated with control of neutrophil inflammatory responses. Using ex vivo and in vivo approaches, we confirmed that RUNX1 and KLF6 modulate neutrophil maturation, whereas RELB, IRF5 and JUNB drive neutrophil effector responses and RFX2 and RELB promote survival. Interfering with neutrophil activation by targeting one of these factors, JUNB, reduced pathological inflammation in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Therefore, our study represents a blueprint for transcriptional control of neutrophil responses in acute inflammation and opens possibilities for stage-specific therapeutic modulation of neutrophil function in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhichao Ai
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ivan Ballesteros
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hayley L Eames
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sara Mathie
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sandra Martín-Salamanca
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lihui Wang
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Nicola Willemsen
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Annette Zehrer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center and Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Walzog
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center and Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Andres Hidalgo
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irina A Udalova
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Xie B, Khoyratty TE, Abu-Shah E, F Cespedes P, MacLean AJ, Pirgova G, Hu Z, Ahmed AA, Dustin ML, Udalova IA, Arnon TI. The Zinc Finger Protein Zbtb18 Represses Expression of Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Subunits and Inhibits Plasma Cell Differentiation. J Immunol 2021; 206:1515-1527. [PMID: 33608456 PMCID: PMC7980533 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Zinc finger protein, Zbtb18, is downregulated during PC differentiation. Enhanced expression of Zbtb18 leads to impaired PC development. Zbtb18 directly binds and inhibits expression of PI3K subunits.
The PI3K pathway plays a key role in B cell activation and is important for the differentiation of Ab producing plasma cells (PCs). Although much is known about the molecular mechanisms that modulate PI3K signaling in B cells, the transcriptional regulation of PI3K expression is poorly understood. In this study, we identify the zinc finger protein Zbtb18 as a transcriptional repressor that directly binds enhancer/promoter regions of genes encoding class I PI3K regulatory subunits, subsequently limiting their expression, dampening PI3K signaling and suppressing PC responses. Following activation, dividing B cells progressively downregulated Zbtb18, allowing gradual amplification of PI3K signals and enhanced development of PCs. Human Zbtb18 displayed similar expression patterns and function in human B cells, acting to inhibit development of PCs. Furthermore, a number of Zbtb18 mutants identified in cancer patients showed loss of suppressor activity, which was also accompanied by impaired regulation of PI3K genes. Taken together, our study identifies Zbtb18 as a repressor of PC differentiation and reveals its previously unappreciated function as a transcription modulator of the PI3K signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Tariq E Khoyratty
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Enas Abu-Shah
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Pablo F Cespedes
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Andrew J MacLean
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Gabriela Pirgova
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Irina A Udalova
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
| | - Tal I Arnon
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; and
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Ballesteros I, Rubio-Ponce A, Genua M, Lusito E, Kwok I, Fernández-Calvo G, Khoyratty TE, van Grinsven E, González-Hernández S, Nicolás-Ávila JÁ, Vicanolo T, Maccataio A, Benguría A, Li JL, Adrover JM, Aroca-Crevillen A, Quintana JA, Martín-Salamanca S, Mayo F, Ascher S, Barbiera G, Soehnlein O, Gunzer M, Ginhoux F, Sánchez-Cabo F, Nistal-Villán E, Schulz C, Dopazo A, Reinhardt C, Udalova IA, Ng LG, Ostuni R, Hidalgo A. Co-option of Neutrophil Fates by Tissue Environments. Cell 2020; 183:1282-1297.e18. [PMID: 33098771 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Classically considered short-lived and purely defensive leukocytes, neutrophils are unique in their fast and moldable response to stimulation. This plastic behavior may underlie variable and even antagonistic functions during inflammation or cancer, yet the full spectrum of neutrophil properties as they enter healthy tissues remains unexplored. Using a new model to track neutrophil fates, we found short but variable lifetimes across multiple tissues. Through analysis of the receptor, transcriptional, and chromatin accessibility landscapes, we identify varying neutrophil states and assign non-canonical functions, including vascular repair and hematopoietic homeostasis. Accordingly, depletion of neutrophils compromised angiogenesis during early age, genotoxic injury, and viral infection, and impaired hematopoietic recovery after irradiation. Neutrophils acquired these properties in target tissues, a process that, in the lungs, occurred in CXCL12-rich areas and relied on CXCR4. Our results reveal that tissues co-opt neutrophils en route for elimination to induce programs that support their physiological demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Ballesteros
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Andrea Rubio-Ponce
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Marco Genua
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lusito
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Immanuel Kwok
- Singapore Immunology Nework (SIgN), A(∗)STAR, Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Gabriel Fernández-Calvo
- Department of Mathematics & MOLAB-Mathematical Oncology Laboratory, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real 13001, Spain
| | - Tariq E Khoyratty
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | | | - Sara González-Hernández
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - José Ángel Nicolás-Ávila
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Tommaso Vicanolo
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Antonio Maccataio
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Alberto Benguría
- Genomic Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Jackson LiangYao Li
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Singapore Immunology Nework (SIgN), A(∗)STAR, Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - José M Adrover
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Alejandra Aroca-Crevillen
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Juan A Quintana
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sandra Martín-Salamanca
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Francisco Mayo
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Stefanie Ascher
- Institute for Pharmacy & Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 30, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Giulia Barbiera
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universitat, Munich 80802, Germany
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen 445141, Germany
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Nework (SIgN), A(∗)STAR, Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Fátima Sánchez-Cabo
- Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Estanislao Nistal-Villán
- Microbiology Section, Department Pharmacological and Health Sciences, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid 28668, Spain
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, LMU Klinikum, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 80336, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich 80802, Germany
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Genomic Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Irina A Udalova
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Nework (SIgN), A(∗)STAR, Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Renato Ostuni
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universitat, Munich 80802, Germany.
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Bo M, Niegowska M, Eames HL, Almuttaqi H, Arru G, Erre GL, Passiu G, Khoyratty TE, van Grinsven E, Udalova IA, Sechi LA. Antibody response to homologous epitopes of Epstein-Barr virus, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and IRF5 in patients with different connective tissue diseases and in mouse model of antigen-induced arthritis. J Transl Autoimmun 2020; 3:100048. [PMID: 32743529 PMCID: PMC7388397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Improved knowledge of different biomarkers is crucial for early diagnosis of rheumatic diseases and to provide important insights for clinical management. In this study, we evaluated the seroreactivity of patients with different connective tissue diseases (CTDs) (rheumatoid arthritis, RA; systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE; systemic sclerosis, SSc; and Sjogren’s syndrome, SSj) to interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) peptide and homologs derived from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) experiments have been performed in control and IRF5 conditional knockout mice to reinforce the hypothesis that antibodies generated against the three homologous peptides are cross-reactive. Methods Reactivity against wild-type (wt) and citrullinated (cit) IRF5 (IRF5424-434), MAP (MAP_402718-32) and EBV (BOLF1305-320) peptides were tested by indirect ELISA in sera from 100 RA patients, 54 patients with other CTDs (14 SLE, 28 SSc and 12 SSj) and 100 healthy subjects (HCs). Antibody responses to the same wt peptides have been tested in AIA mouse sera after immunization with complete Freud’s adjuvant (CFA) and methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) to induce arthritis in the knee joint. Results BOLF1, MAP_4027 and IRF5 peptides triggered different antibody responses in CTD diseases with a stronger reactivity in RA (p=0.0001). Similar trends were observed in AIA mice with significantly higher reactivity after 7 days from induction of arthritis. We also found statistically significant differences in antibody responses between SSc and HCs for BOLF1 (p=0.003), MAP_4027 (p=0.0076) and IRF5 (p=0.0042). Peripheral reactivity to cit peptides was lower compared to their wt counterparts, except for cit-MAP_402718-32, which induced stronger responses in RA than wt-MAP_402718-32 (46% vs. 26%, p=0.0170). Conclusion(s): Our results show differential antibody responses to BOLF1, MAP_4027 and IRF5 peptides among CTDs, highlighting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers in these diseases. Experiments performed in IRF5 conditional knockout mice support the hypothesis of cross-reactivity between the investigated homologous antigens. Serum IgG anti-BOLF1, MAP_4027 and IRF5 Abs responses are significantly higher in RA than in other rheumatic conditions. Antibody responses to epitopes of EBV, IRF5 and MAP in AIA mouse model is comparable to results obtained in humans. Antigens present in the CFA are homologous to MAP, EBV and IRF5 peptides trigger cross-reactive responses. MAP might be a possible triggering factor in the etiology of systemic sclerosis and RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Hayley L Eames
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Almuttaqi
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Giannina Arru
- Department of Clinical, Surgical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Erre
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, UOC of Rheumatology, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passiu
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, UOC of Rheumatology, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Tariq E Khoyratty
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Erinke van Grinsven
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Irina A Udalova
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
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Khoyratty TE, Udalova IA. Diverse mechanisms of IRF5 action in inflammatory responses. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 99:38-42. [PMID: 29578052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is a key signal-dependent transcription factor in myeloid cells. Its expression is induced by granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and interferon-gamma. IRF5 protein is further activated in response to stimulation, translocating to the nucleus where it mediates inflammatory responses. IRF5 is capable of both the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes and repressing anti-inflammatory mediators, thus polarising macrophages to a pro-inflammatory phenotype. We discuss IRF5 interactions with a wide range of transcriptional regulators that give rise to its diverse effects at the level of chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq E Khoyratty
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Irina A Udalova
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom.
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