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Navarro A, Sanseverino I, Cappelli F, Lahm A, Niegowska M, Fabbri M, Paracchini V, Petrillo M, Skejo H, Valsecchi S, Pedraccini R, Guglielmetti S, Frattini S, Villani G, Lettieri T. Study of antibiotic resistance in freshwater ecosystems with low anthropogenic impact. Sci Total Environ 2023; 857:159378. [PMID: 36272475 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the bacterial diversity and the background level of antibiotic resistance in two freshwater ecosystems with low anthropogenic impact in order to evaluate the presence of natural antimicrobial resistance in these areas and its potential to spread downstream. Water samples from a pre-Alpine and an Apennine river (Variola and Tiber, respectively) were collected in three different sampling campaigns and bacterial diversity was assessed by 16S sequencing, while the presence of bacteria resistant to five antibiotics was screened using a culturable approach. Overall bacterial load was higher in the Tiber River compared with the Variola River. Furthermore, the study revealed the presence of resistant bacteria, especially the Tiber River showed, for each sampling, the presence of resistance to all antibiotics tested, while for the Variola River, the detected resistance was variable, comprising two or more antibiotics. Screening of two resistance genes on a total of one hundred eighteen bacterial isolates from the two rivers showed that blaTEM, conferring resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, was dominant and present in ~58 % of isolates compared to only ~9 % for mefA/E conferring resistance to macrolides. Moreover, β-lactam resistance was detected in various isolates showing also resistance to additional antibiotics such as macrolides, aminoglycosides and tetracyclines. These observations would suggest the presence of co-resistant bacteria even in non-anthropogenic environments and this resistance may spread from the environment to humans and/or animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Navarro
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Isabella Sanseverino
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Francesca Cappelli
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy; Water Research Institute IRSA-CNR, Via del Mulino 19, Brugherio 20861, MB, Italy
| | - Armin Lahm
- Bioinformatic project support, P.za S.M. Liberatrice 18, 00153 Roma, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Marco Fabbri
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Valentina Paracchini
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | | | - Helle Skejo
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Sara Valsecchi
- Water Research Institute IRSA-CNR, Via del Mulino 19, Brugherio 20861, MB, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gabriella Villani
- Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Teresa Lettieri
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
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Sanseverino I, Gómez L, Navarro A, Cappelli F, Niegowska M, Lahm A, Barbiere M, Porcel-Rodríguez E, Valsecchi S, Pedraccini R, Crosta S, Lettieri T. Holistic approach to chemical and microbiological quality of aquatic ecosystems impacted by wastewater effluent discharges. Sci Total Environ 2022; 835:155388. [PMID: 35489490 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) collect wastewater from various sources and use different treatment processes to reduce the load of pollutants in the environment. Since the removal of many chemical pollutants and bacteria by WWTPs is incomplete, they constitute a potential source of contaminants. The continuous release of contaminants through WWTP effluents can compromise the health of the aquatic ecosystems, even if they occur at very low concentrations. The main objective of this work was to characterize, over a period of four months, the treatment steps starting from income to the effluent and 5 km downstream to the receiving river. In this context, the efficiency removal of chemical pollutants (e.g. hormones and pharmaceuticals, including antibiotics) and bacteria was assessed in a WWTP case study by using a holistic approach. It embraces different chemical and biological-based methods, such as pharmaceutical analysis by HPLC-MSMS, growth rate inhibition in algae, ligand binding estrogen receptor assay, microbial community study by 16S and shotgun sequencing along with relative quantification of resistance genes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Although both, chemical and biological-based methods showed a significant reduction of the pollutant burden in effluent and surface waters compared to the influent of the WWTP, no complete removal of pollutants, pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Livia Gómez
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Anna Navarro
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Francesca Cappelli
- Water Research Institute IRSA-CNR, Via del Mulino 19, Brugherio 20861, MB, Italy; University of Insubria, Department of Science and High Technology, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | | | - Armin Lahm
- Bioinformatics Project Support, P.zza S.M. Liberatrice 18, 00153 Roma, Italy
| | - Maurizio Barbiere
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | | | - Sara Valsecchi
- Water Research Institute IRSA-CNR, Via del Mulino 19, Brugherio 20861, MB, Italy
| | | | | | - Teresa Lettieri
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
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Niegowska M, Wögerbauer M. Improving the risk assessment of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) along the food/feed chain and from environmental reservoirs using qMRA and probabilistic modelling. EFSA J 2022; 20:e200407. [PMID: 35634556 PMCID: PMC9131593 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Niegowska
- AGES Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Austria
| | - M Wögerbauer
- AGES Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Austria
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Navarro A, Gómez L, Sanseverino I, Niegowska M, Roka E, Pedraccini R, Vargha M, Lettieri T. SARS-CoV-2 detection in wastewater using multiplex quantitative PCR. Sci Total Environ 2021; 797:148890. [PMID: 34298359 PMCID: PMC8278834 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A multiplex reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)-based method was designed for the simultaneous detection of different SARS-CoV-2 genes. In this study, we used three target genes encoding for the nucleocapsid 1 and 3 (N1, N3), and the spike (S) proteins, all commonly used in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human and environmental samples. The performance of the multiplex assay, compared to the single assay was assessed for the standard calibration curve, required for absolute quantification, and then, for the real environmental samples to detect SARS-CoV-2. For this latter, four environmental samples were collected at a local wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The results showed that the cycle threshold (Ct) values of the multiplex were comparable to the values obtained by the singleplex PCR. The amplification of the three target genes indicated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the four water samples with an increasing trend in February and these results were confirmed in the multiplex approach, showing the robustness of this method and its applicability for the relative abundance analysis among the samples. Overall, both the laboratory and field work results demonstrated that the multiplex PCR assay developed in this study could provide a method for SARS-CoV-2 detection as robust as the single qPCR, but faster and cost-effective, reducing by three times the number of reactions, and consequently the handling time and reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Navarro
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Livia Gómez
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Isabella Sanseverino
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Eszter Roka
- Department of Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Centre, Albert Flórián út 2-6, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Marta Vargha
- Department of Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Centre, Albert Flórián út 2-6, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Teresa Lettieri
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
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Niegowska M, Sanseverino I, Navarro A, Lettieri T. Knowledge gaps in the assessment of antimicrobial resistance in surface waters. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:fiab140. [PMID: 34625810 PMCID: PMC8528692 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic resistance in the water environment has been widely described. However, still many knowledge gaps exist regarding the selection pressure from antibiotics, heavy metals and other substances present in surface waters as a result of anthropogenic activities, as well as the extent and impact of this phenomenon on aquatic organisms and humans. In particular, the relationship between environmental concentrations of antibiotics and the acquisition of ARGs by antibiotic-sensitive bacteria as well as the impact of heavy metals and other selective agents on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) need to be defined. Currently, established safety values are based on the effects of antibiotic toxicity neglecting the question of AMR spread. In turn, risk assessment of antibiotics in waterbodies remains a complex question implicating multiple variables and unknowns reinforced by the lack of harmonized protocols and official guidelines. In the present review, we discussed current state-of-the-art and the knowledge gaps related to pressure exerted by antibiotics and heavy metals on aquatic environments and their relationship to the spread of AMR. Along with this latter, we reflected on (i) the risk assessment in surface waters, (ii) selective pressures contributing to its transfer and propagation and (iii) the advantages of metagenomics in investigating AMR. Furthermore, the role of microplastics in co-selection for metal and antibiotic resistance, together with the need for more studies in freshwater are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Niegowska
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Isabella Sanseverino
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Anna Navarro
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Teresa Lettieri
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
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Gómez L, Niegowska M, Navarro A, Amendola L, Arukwe A, Ait-Aissa S, Balzamo S, Barreca S, Belkin S, Bittner M, Blaha L, Buchinger S, Busetto M, Carere M, Colzani L, Dellavedova P, Denslow N, Escher BI, Hogstrand C, Khan EA, König M, Kroll KJ, Lacchetti I, Maillot-Marechal E, Moscovici L, Potalivo M, Sanseverino I, Santos R, Schifferli A, Schlichting R, Sforzini S, Simon E, Shpigel E, Sturzenbaum S, Vermeirssen E, Viarengo A, Werner I, Lettieri T. Estrogenicity of chemical mixtures revealed by a panel of bioassays. Sci Total Environ 2021; 785:147284. [PMID: 33957588 PMCID: PMC8210648 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Estrogenic compounds are widely released to surface waters and may cause adverse effects to sensitive aquatic species. Three hormones, estrone, 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethinylestradiol, are of particular concern as they are bioactive at very low concentrations. Current analytical methods are not all sensitive enough for monitoring these substances in water and do not cover mixture effects. Bioassays could complement chemical analysis since they detect the overall effect of complex mixtures. Here, four chemical mixtures and two hormone mixtures were prepared and tested as reference materials together with two environmental water samples by eight laboratories employing nine in vitro and in vivo bioassays covering different steps involved in the estrogenic response. The reference materials included priority substances under the European Water Framework Directive, hormones and other emerging pollutants. Each substance in the mixture was present at its proposed safety limit concentration (EQS) in the European legislation. The in vitro bioassays detected the estrogenic effect of chemical mixtures even when 17β-estradiol was not present but differences in responsiveness were observed. LiBERA was the most responsive, followed by LYES. The additive effect of the hormones was captured by ERα-CALUX, MELN, LYES and LiBERA. Particularly, all in vitro bioassays detected the estrogenic effects in environmental water samples (EEQ values in the range of 0.75-304 × EQS), although the concentrations of hormones were below the limit of quantification in analytical measurements. The present study confirms the applicability of reference materials for estrogenic effects' detection through bioassays and indicates possible methodological drawbacks of some of them that may lead to false negative/positive outcomes. The observed difference in responsiveness among bioassays - based on mixture composition - is probably due to biological differences between them, suggesting that panels of bioassays with different characteristics should be applied according to specific environmental pollution conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Gómez
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Anna Navarro
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Luca Amendola
- ARPA Lazio, Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Via G. Saredo 52, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Selim Ait-Aissa
- French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Stefania Balzamo
- ISPRA - Environmental Metrology Unit, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Barreca
- ARPA Lombardia, Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Via Rosellini 17, 20124 Milan, Italy
| | - Shimshon Belkin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Michal Bittner
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Blaha
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Maddalena Busetto
- ARPA Lombardia, Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Via Rosellini 17, 20124 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Carere
- ISS-National Health Institute, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Colzani
- ARPA Lombardia, Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Via Rosellini 17, 20124 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierluisa Dellavedova
- ARPA Lombardia, Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Via Rosellini 17, 20124 Milan, Italy
| | - Nancy Denslow
- Center for Environmental & Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Beate I Escher
- Department Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Metal Metabolism Group, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford St, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Essa Ahsan Khan
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maria König
- Department Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kevin J Kroll
- Center for Environmental & Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ines Lacchetti
- ISS-National Health Institute, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Emmanuelle Maillot-Marechal
- French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Liat Moscovici
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Monica Potalivo
- ISPRA - Environmental Metrology Unit, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sanseverino
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Ricardo Santos
- Laboratório de Análises, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andrea Schifferli
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Rita Schlichting
- Department Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanna Sforzini
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment, National Research Council (CNR-IAS), Via de Marini 6, Genova 16149, Italy
| | - Eszter Simon
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Etai Shpigel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Stephen Sturzenbaum
- School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, UK
| | - Etienne Vermeirssen
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Aldo Viarengo
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment, National Research Council (CNR-IAS), Via de Marini 6, Genova 16149, Italy
| | - Inge Werner
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Teresa Lettieri
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
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Bo M, Niegowska M, Eames HL, Almuttaqi H, Arru G, Erre GL, Passiu G, Khoyratty TE, van Grinsven E, Udalova IA, Sechi LA. Antibody response to homologous epitopes of Epstein-Barr virus, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and IRF5 in patients with different connective tissue diseases and in mouse model of antigen-induced arthritis. J Transl Autoimmun 2020; 3:100048. [PMID: 32743529 PMCID: PMC7388397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Improved knowledge of different biomarkers is crucial for early diagnosis of rheumatic diseases and to provide important insights for clinical management. In this study, we evaluated the seroreactivity of patients with different connective tissue diseases (CTDs) (rheumatoid arthritis, RA; systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE; systemic sclerosis, SSc; and Sjogren’s syndrome, SSj) to interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) peptide and homologs derived from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) experiments have been performed in control and IRF5 conditional knockout mice to reinforce the hypothesis that antibodies generated against the three homologous peptides are cross-reactive. Methods Reactivity against wild-type (wt) and citrullinated (cit) IRF5 (IRF5424-434), MAP (MAP_402718-32) and EBV (BOLF1305-320) peptides were tested by indirect ELISA in sera from 100 RA patients, 54 patients with other CTDs (14 SLE, 28 SSc and 12 SSj) and 100 healthy subjects (HCs). Antibody responses to the same wt peptides have been tested in AIA mouse sera after immunization with complete Freud’s adjuvant (CFA) and methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) to induce arthritis in the knee joint. Results BOLF1, MAP_4027 and IRF5 peptides triggered different antibody responses in CTD diseases with a stronger reactivity in RA (p=0.0001). Similar trends were observed in AIA mice with significantly higher reactivity after 7 days from induction of arthritis. We also found statistically significant differences in antibody responses between SSc and HCs for BOLF1 (p=0.003), MAP_4027 (p=0.0076) and IRF5 (p=0.0042). Peripheral reactivity to cit peptides was lower compared to their wt counterparts, except for cit-MAP_402718-32, which induced stronger responses in RA than wt-MAP_402718-32 (46% vs. 26%, p=0.0170). Conclusion(s): Our results show differential antibody responses to BOLF1, MAP_4027 and IRF5 peptides among CTDs, highlighting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers in these diseases. Experiments performed in IRF5 conditional knockout mice support the hypothesis of cross-reactivity between the investigated homologous antigens. Serum IgG anti-BOLF1, MAP_4027 and IRF5 Abs responses are significantly higher in RA than in other rheumatic conditions. Antibody responses to epitopes of EBV, IRF5 and MAP in AIA mouse model is comparable to results obtained in humans. Antigens present in the CFA are homologous to MAP, EBV and IRF5 peptides trigger cross-reactive responses. MAP might be a possible triggering factor in the etiology of systemic sclerosis and RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Hayley L Eames
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Almuttaqi
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Giannina Arru
- Department of Clinical, Surgical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Erre
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, UOC of Rheumatology, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passiu
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, UOC of Rheumatology, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Tariq E Khoyratty
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Erinke van Grinsven
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Irina A Udalova
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
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Bo M, Arru G, Niegowska M, Erre GL, Manchia PA, Sechi LA. Association between Lipoprotein Levels and Humoral Reactivity to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Multiple Sclerosis, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7100423. [PMID: 31597322 PMCID: PMC6843567 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7100423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors such as bacterial infections may play an important role in the development of autoimmune diseases. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is an obligate pathogen of ruminants able to use the host's cholesterol for survival into macrophages and has been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through a molecular mimicry mechanism. Here, we aimed at investigating the correlation between humoral reactivity against MAP and serum lipoprotein levels in subjects at T1DM risk (rT1DM) grouped by geographical background and in patients affected by MS or RA. Our results showed significant differences in HDL, LDL/VLDL and Total Cholesterol (TC) levels between patients and healthy controls (p < 0.0001). Patients positive to anti-MAP Abs (MAP+) had lower HDL levels in comparison with Abs negative (MAP-) subjects, while opposite trends were found for LDL/VLDL concentrations (p < 0.05). TC levels varied between MAP+ and MAP- patients in all three assessed diseases. These findings suggest the implication of anti-MAP Abs in fluctuations of lipoprotein levels highlighting a possible link with cardiovascular disease. Further studies will be needed to confirm these results in larger groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Giannina Arru
- Department of Clinical, Surgical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Gian Luca Erre
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, UOC di Reumatologia, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | | | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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Caggiu E, Arru G, Hosseini S, Niegowska M, Sechi G, Zarbo IR, Sechi LA. Inflammation, Infectious Triggers, and Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2019; 10:122. [PMID: 30837941 PMCID: PMC6389614 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta with a reduction of dopamine concentration in the striatum. The complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors seems to play a role in determining susceptibility to PD and may explain the heterogeneity observed in clinical presentations. The exact etiology is not yet clear, but different possible causes have been identified. Inflammation has been increasingly studied as part of the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, corroborating the hypothesis that the immune system may be the nexus between environmental and genetic factors, and the abnormal immune function can lead to disease. In this review we report the different aspects of inflammation and immune system in Parkinson's disease, with particular interest in the possible role played by immune dysfunctions in PD, with focus on autoimmunity and processes involving infectious agents as a trigger and alpha-synuclein protein (α-syn).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Caggiu
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giannina Arru
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sepideh Hosseini
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - GianPietro Sechi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ignazio Roberto Zarbo
- Department of Clinical, Surgical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Bo M, Erre GL, Niegowska M, Piras M, Taras L, Longu MG, Passiu G, Sechi LA. Interferon regulatory factor 5 is a potential target of autoimmune response triggered by Epstein-barr virus and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in rheumatoid arthritis: investigating a mechanism of molecular mimicry. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2018; 36:376-381. [PMID: 29352853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease characterised by a pro-inflammatory cytokines linked erosive joint damage and by humoral and cellular response against a broad range of self-peptides. Molecular mimicry between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and host peptides has long been regarded as an RA pathogenetic mechanism. Using bioinformatic analysis we identified high sequence homology among interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5), EBV antigen BOLF1 and MAP antigen MAP_4027. Our objective was to evaluate the presence in sera of RA patients of antibodies (Abs) directed against human homologous IRF5 cross-reacting with BOLF1 and MAP_4027. METHODS Frequency of reactivity against IRF5424-434, BOLF1305-320 and MAP_402718-32 was tested by indirect ELISA in sera from 71 RA patients and 60 healthy controls (HCs). RESULTS RA sera show a remarkable high frequency of reactivity against IRF5424-434 in comparison to HCs (69% vs. 8%; p<0.0001). Similarly, seroreactivity against BOLF1305-320 was more frequently detected in RA sera than in HCs counterpart (58% vs. 8%; p<0.0001). Frequency of Abs against MAP_402718-32 was 17% in RA sera vs. 5% in HCs with a p-value at the threshold level (p<0.051). Prevalence of Abs against at least one of the assessed epitopes reached 72% in RA patients and 15% among HCs. Levels of Abs in RA patients were significantly related to systemic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS IRF5 is a potential autoimmune target of RA. Our results support the hypothesis that EBV and MAP infections may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA, igniting a secondary immune response that cross-reacts against RA self-peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Erre
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Piras
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, Italy
| | - Loredana Taras
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Longu
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passiu
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, Italy
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Italy.
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Bo M, Niegowska M, Arru G, Sechi E, Mariotto S, Mancinelli C, Farinazzo A, Alberti D, Gajofatto A, Ferrari S, Capra R, Monaco S, Sechi G, Sechi LA. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and myelin basic protein specific epitopes are highly recognized by sera from patients with Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. J Neuroimmunol 2018. [PMID: 29519720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the main environmental agent associated to neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Following to studies reporting an increased prevalence of antibodies against peptides derived from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) homologous to EBV and human epitopes (MBP85-98, IRF5424-434) in multiple sclerosis (MS), we investigated whether seroreactivity to these antigens display a NMOSD-specific pattern. The sera of 34 NMOSD patients showed elevated levels of antibodies against MAP and MBP compared to healthy controls (44% vs. 5%, p < 0.0002 and 50% vs. 2%, p < 0.0001, respectively), while, unlike in MS, responsiveness to EBV was similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giannina Arru
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Elia Sechi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Sara Mariotto
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10; 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Mancinelli
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Via Ciotti 154, 25018 Montichiari, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessia Farinazzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10; 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Daniela Alberti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10; 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Alberto Gajofatto
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10; 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Sergio Ferrari
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10; 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Ruggero Capra
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Via Ciotti 154, 25018 Montichiari, Brescia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Monaco
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10; 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - GianPietro Sechi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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Bo M, Niegowska M, Erre GL, Piras M, Longu MG, Manchia P, Manca M, Passiu G, Sechi LA. Rheumatoid arthritis patient antibodies highly recognize IL-2 in the immune response pathway involving IRF5 and EBV antigens. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1789. [PMID: 29379122 PMCID: PMC5789096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19957-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a progressive joint damage due to largely unknown environmental factors acting in concert with risk alleles conferring genetic susceptibility. A major role has been attributed to viral infections that include past contacts with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and, more recently, to non-protein coding sequences of human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) integrated in the human genome. Molecular mimicry between viral and self proteins is supposed to cause the loss of immune tolerance in predisposed hosts. There are evidences that anti-IL-2 antibodies (Abs) are present in subjects affected by autoimmune diseases and may be responsible for alterations in regulatory T cell responses. In this study, we evaluated the levels of Abs against IL-2, viral epitopes and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) in 140 RA patients and 137 healthy controls (HCs). Ab reactivity reached the highest levels for IRF5, EBV and IL-2 (56%, 44% and 39%, respectively) in RA with significantly lower values among HCs (7-9%, p < 0.0001), which suggests a possible cross-reaction between IRF5/EBV homologous antigens and shifts in T cell balance disrupted by anti-IL-2 Abs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Erre
- UOC Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda-Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Piras
- UOC Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda-Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Longu
- UOC Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda-Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Mario Manca
- Centro Trasfusionale, ASL Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passiu
- UOC Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda-Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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Zamani S, Zali MR, Aghdaei HA, Sechi LA, Niegowska M, Caggiu E, Keshavarz R, Mosavari N, Feizabadi MM. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and associated risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease in Iranian patients. Gut Pathog 2017; 9:1. [PMID: 28053669 PMCID: PMC5209900 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-016-0151-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is described as a relapsing condition with high morbidity and uncertain complex pathogenesis. The association of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) with Crohn’s disease (CD) in human has been debated for decades, however there is no confirmed data to verify such relations in Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors and a possible role of MAP in Iranian patients with CD. Methods Anti-MAP antibodies were detected in serum of IBD patients and subjects without IBD (nIBD) through ELISA; MAP DNA and viable MAP cells were identified in patients’ biopsies through nested PCR and direct culture methods, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to investigate the risk factors in relation to IBD and MAP infection. Results Positivity for IS900 PCR was detected in 64% (n = 18) of CD, 33% (n = 10) of ulcerative colitis (UC) and 9.7% (n = 6) of nIBD samples. Live MAP cells were isolated from biopsies of 2 CD patients only. Among 28 patients with CD, 46% (n = 13) and 39% (n = 11) were positive for antibodies against MAP3865c133–141 and MAP3865c125–133 peptides, respectively, whereas much lower seroreactivity was detected in UC subjects accounting for 3% (n = 1) for MAP3865c133–141 and 16.7% (n = 5) for MAP3865c125–133. A high immune reactivity to MAP epitopes among CD patients was positively correlated with consumption of fast food meals and IBD familiarity. For both CD and UC, breastfeeding period and consumption of fruit/vegetables presented negative correlation with the presence of anti-MAP antibodies. Conclusions This study provided evidences that high prevalence of MAP DNA and anti-MAP antibodies in CD patients is significantly associated with the development of CD. Despite the role of several factors contributing to IBD, the presence of MAP DNA and anti-MAP antibodies in Iranian CD patients highlights a possible transmission of MAP from animal-derived products to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Zamani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leonardo Antonio Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Elisa Caggiu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Rouhollah Keshavarz
- PPD Tuberculin Department, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran ; Reference Laboratory for Bovine Tuberculosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Mosavari
- PPD Tuberculin Department, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran ; Reference Laboratory for Bovine Tuberculosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Thoracic Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hesam Shariati S, Alaei A, Keshavarz R, Mosavari N, Rabbani A, Niegowska M, Sechi LA, Feizabadi MM. Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Iranian patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus by PCR and ELISA. J Infect Dev Ctries 2016; 10:857-62. [PMID: 27580332 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.7473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of paratuberculosis or Johne's disease in ruminants. Its role in triggering autoimmunity, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), has been reported in recent years. Due to the high contamination rate of MAP in Iran's livestock and the increasing outbreak of T1DM, we investigated this association in a small group of patients with T1DM in Iran. METHODOLOGY Blood samples of 29 T1DM patients and 29 healthy control subjects were tested through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies against MAP3865c and ZnT8 homologous epitopes and the presence of MAP DNA. Blood samples were also cultured in mycobacterial growth indicator tubes and Herrold's egg yolk medium containing mycobactin J. RESULTS The results of ELISA showed a significant difference between T1DM patients and healthy group. IS900 was also detected in 51.72% of T1DM patients but in none of the control group. None of the samples grew in culture media. CONCLUSIONS Due to the presence of MAP DNA and antibodies against MAP peptides in a significant number of T1DM patients compared with healthy control subjects, we may consider MAP as a possible trigger of T1DM in Iran. This indicates that exposure to MAP occurred in the positive subjects. Identifying the sources of contamination and routes of MAP transmission to humans seems necessary to prevent and reduce the burden of MAP infection in Iran.
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Mameli G, Cossu D, Caggiu E, Arru G, Niegowska M, Cocco E, Frau J, Marrosu MG, Sechi LA. Soluble BAFF Level Is Not Correlated to Mycobacterium avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis Antibodies and Increases After Interferon-β Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 60:91-3. [PMID: 27370541 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
B cells are being recognized as one of the major players in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The B cell activating factor (BAFF) system plays an essential role in B cell homeostasis and function in the periphery. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) has been previously associated to MS in Sardinia. Antibodies against a MAP surface protein, MAP_2694, have been found significantly associated to MS patients, and this response was modified by interferon-β therapy. Increased BAFF levels following IFN-β therapy have been also described in MS patients. In this study, we evaluated whether soluble BAFF levels are comparable in men and women affected by MS and performed a correlation of the reported BAFF increase in MS patients under IFN-β therapy with changes of humoral response against MAP_2694. For these reasons, we investigated 44 MS patients before and after IFN-β therapy. A significant difference of BAFF levels was found between men and women with MS; moreover, we confirmed that IFN-β therapy strongly induces BAFF serum levels, but this was not related to the modification of immunological response against MAP_2694. In conclusion, our study highlights that IFN-β therapy induces the potent B cell survival factor BAFF without alterations of the humoral immune response against MAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mameli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43 b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Davide Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43 b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Elisa Caggiu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43 b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giannina Arru
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43 b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43 b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cocco
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Cagliari, Via Is Guadazzonis 2, 09126, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Jessica Frau
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Cagliari, Via Is Guadazzonis 2, 09126, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Marrosu
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Cagliari, Via Is Guadazzonis 2, 09126, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43 b, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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Niegowska M, Rapini N, Biet F, Piccinini S, Bay S, Lidano R, Manca Bitti ML, Sechi LA. Seroreactivity against Specific L5P Antigen from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Children at Risk for T1D. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157962. [PMID: 27336739 PMCID: PMC4919038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/Hypothesis Although numerous environmental agents have been investigated over the years as possible triggers of type 1 diabetes (T1D), its causes remain unclear. We have already demonstrated an increased prevalence of antibodies against peptides derived from Mycobacterium avuim subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) homologous to human zinc transporter 8 protein (ZnT8) and proinsulin in Italian subjects at risk for or affected by T1D. In this study, we compared titers of the previously detected antibodies with seroreactivity to MAP lipopentapetide (L5P) that recently emerged as a strong immunogenic component able to specifically distinguish MAP from other mycobacteria. Methods Plasma of 32 children and youth at risk for T1D including follow-up samples and 42 age-matched healthy controls (HC) recruited at the Tor Vergata University Hospital in Rome was analyzed by indirect ELISA for the presence of antibodies against MAP-derived epitopes MAP3865c133–141, MAP3865c125-133, MAP2404c70-85 and MAP1,4αgbp157-173 along with their ZnT8 and proinsulin homologs. The data were analyzed through two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test and relation between variables was determined by principal component analysis. Results Responses to L5P were not detectable in subjects whose initial seroreactivity to MAP peptides and their human homologs was lost in follow-up samples, whereas anti-L5P antibodies appeared constantly in individuals with a stable immunity against MAP antigens. The overall coincidence in positivity to L5P and the four MAP epitopes both in children at risk for T1D and HC exceeded 90%. Conclusions MAP-derived homologs may cross-react with ZnT8 and proinsulin peptides inducing immune responses at a young age in subjects predisposed for T1D. Thus, L5P may have a diagnostic value to immediately indicate the presence of anti-MAP seroreactivity when evaluation of a more complex antibody status is not required. Almost complete coincidence in responses to both types of antigens lends support to the involvement of MAP in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Niegowska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Novella Rapini
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Policlinico di Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Frank Biet
- UMR1282, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (ISP-311), INRA Centre Val de Loire, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Simona Piccinini
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Policlinico di Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Sylvie Bay
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Département de Biologie Structurale et Chimie, Paris, France
| | - Roberta Lidano
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Policlinico di Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Manca Bitti
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Policlinico di Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo A. Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Mameli G, Fozza C, Niegowska M, Corda G, Ruda MF, Barraqueddu F, Dessì L, Podda L, Dore F, Sechi LA. Epstein-Barr virus infection is associated to patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 58:466-469. [PMID: 27268403 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2016.1190976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mameli
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - Claudio Fozza
- b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - Giovanna Corda
- b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Ruda
- b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - Francesca Barraqueddu
- b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - Laura Dessì
- b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - Luigi Podda
- b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - Fausto Dore
- b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
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Shah P, Fritz JV, Glaab E, Desai MS, Greenhalgh K, Frachet A, Niegowska M, Estes M, Jäger C, Seguin-Devaux C, Zenhausern F, Wilmes P. A microfluidics-based in vitro model of the gastrointestinal human-microbe interface. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11535. [PMID: 27168102 PMCID: PMC4865890 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the human gastrointestinal microbiome are associated with several diseases. To infer causality, experiments in representative models are essential, but widely used animal models exhibit limitations. Here we present a modular, microfluidics-based model (HuMiX, human–microbial crosstalk), which allows co-culture of human and microbial cells under conditions representative of the gastrointestinal human–microbe interface. We demonstrate the ability of HuMiX to recapitulate in vivo transcriptional, metabolic and immunological responses in human intestinal epithelial cells following their co-culture with the commensal Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) grown under anaerobic conditions. In addition, we show that the co-culture of human epithelial cells with the obligate anaerobe Bacteroides caccae and LGG results in a transcriptional response, which is distinct from that of a co-culture solely comprising LGG. HuMiX facilitates investigations of host–microbe molecular interactions and provides insights into a range of fundamental research questions linking the gastrointestinal microbiome to human health and disease. Research on the interactions between the gut microbiota and human cells would greatly benefit from improved in vitro models. Here, Shah et al. present a modular microfluidics-based model that allows co-culture of human and microbial cells followed by 'omic' molecular analyses of the two cell contingents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjul Shah
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, Belvaux L-4367, Luxembourg
| | - Joëlle V Fritz
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, Belvaux L-4367, Luxembourg
| | - Enrico Glaab
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, Belvaux L-4367, Luxembourg
| | - Mahesh S Desai
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, Belvaux L-4367, Luxembourg
| | - Kacy Greenhalgh
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, Belvaux L-4367, Luxembourg
| | - Audrey Frachet
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, Belvaux L-4367, Luxembourg
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, Belvaux L-4367, Luxembourg
| | - Matthew Estes
- Center for Applied Nanobioscience and Medicine, University of Arizona, 145S 79th Street, Suite 16, Chandler, Arizona 85226, USA
| | - Christian Jäger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, Belvaux L-4367, Luxembourg
| | - Carole Seguin-Devaux
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29 rue Henri Koch, Esch-sur-Alzette L-4354, Luxembourg
| | - Frederic Zenhausern
- Center for Applied Nanobioscience and Medicine, University of Arizona, 145S 79th Street, Suite 16, Chandler, Arizona 85226, USA.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona, 425N. 5th Street, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Paul Wilmes
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, Belvaux L-4367, Luxembourg
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Niegowska M, Rapini N, Piccinini S, Mameli G, Caggiu E, Manca Bitti ML, Sechi LA. Type 1 Diabetes at-risk children highly recognize Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis epitopes homologous to human Znt8 and Proinsulin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22266. [PMID: 26923214 PMCID: PMC4770295 DOI: 10.1038/srep22266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) has been previously associated to T1D as a putative environmental agent triggering or accelerating the disease in Sardinian and Italian populations. Our aim was to investigate the role of MAP in T1D development by evaluating levels of antibodies directed against MAP epitopes and their human homologs corresponding to ZnT8 and proinsulin (PI) in 54 T1D at-risk children from mainland Italy and 42 healthy controls (HCs). A higher prevalence was detected for MAP/ZnT8 pairs (62,96% T1D vs. 7,14% HCs; p < 0.0001) compared to MAP/PI epitopes (22,22% T1D vs. 9,52% HCs) and decreasing trends were observed upon time-point analyses for most peptides. Similarly, classical ZnT8 Abs and GADA decreased in a time-dependent manner, whereas IAA titers increased by 12%. Responses in 0–9 year-old children were stronger than in 10–18 age group (75% vs. 69,1%; p < 0.04). Younger age, female sex and concomitant autoimmune disorders contributed to a stronger seroreactivity suggesting a possible implication of MAP in multiple autoimmune syndrome. Cross-reactivity of the homologous epitopes was reflected by a high correlation coefficient (r2 > 0.8) and a pairwise overlap of positivity (>83% for MAP/ZnT8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Niegowska
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Novella Rapini
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Policlinico di Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Piccinini
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Policlinico di Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mameli
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Elisa Caggiu
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Manca Bitti
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Policlinico di Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Niegowska M, Paccagnini D, Mannu C, Targhetta C, Songini M, Sechi LA. Recognition of ZnT8, Proinsulin, and Homologous MAP Peptides in Sardinian Children at Risk of T1D Precedes Detection of Classical Islet Antibodies. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:5842701. [PMID: 26824044 PMCID: PMC4707333 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5842701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As numerous studies put in evidence the increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children, an early diagnosis is of great importance to define correct treatment and diet. Currently, the identification of classical islet autoantibodies is the primary biomarker for diagnosis in subjects at risk, especially in pediatric patients. Recent studies suggest that detection of antibodies against ZnT8 protein in preclinical phase can predict the development of T1D. We previously demonstrated a significant association of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) with T1D in adult Sardinian patients. To enforce this finding, we investigated the presence of antibodies against ZnT8 and proinsulin (PI) with respective homologous epitopes: MAP3865c133-141/ZnT8186-194, MAP3865c125-133/ZnT8178-186, MAP2404c70-85/PI46-61, and MAP1,4αgbp157-173/PI64-80, in 23 children at risk for T1D, formerly involved in the TRIGR study, and 22 healthy controls (HCs). Positivity to anti-MAP and homologous human peptides was detected in 48% of at-risk subjects compared to 5,85% HCs, preceding appearance of islet autoantibodies. Being MAP easily transmitted to humans with infected cow's milk and detected in retail infant formulas, MAP epitopes could be present in extensively hydrolyzed formula and act as antigens stimulating β-cell autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Niegowska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Daniela Paccagnini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Carla Mannu
- Centre for the Treatment of Complications of Diabetes, Hospital “G. Brotzu”, 09134 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Clara Targhetta
- Centre for the Treatment of Complications of Diabetes, Hospital “G. Brotzu”, 09134 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Songini
- Centre for the Treatment of Complications of Diabetes, Hospital “G. Brotzu”, 09134 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Leonardo A. Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- *Leonardo A. Sechi:
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Masala S, Cossu D, Niegowska M, Mameli G, Paccagnini D, Sechi LA. Lack of humoral response against Helicobacter pylori peptides homologous to human ZnT8 in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients. J Infect Dev Ctries 2015; 9:631-4. [PMID: 26142673 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.6284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Helicobacter pylori (HP) reinfection rate seems to be higher in developing countries than in developed ones. An increased seroprevalence of HP has also been reported in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) has been linked to both T1D and HT. Quite a few lines of evidence indicate that autoantibodies against several epitopes belonging to human zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) cross-recognize the homologous MAP3865c epitopes in both T1D and HT patients. HP may play a role in HT disease, most likely acting through a molecular mimicry mechanism that targets ZnT8 as reported for MAP and the two autoimmune diseases. METHODOLOGY An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed for the detection of antibodies against several epitopes deriving from HP proteins, which are highly homologous to the immunodominant ZnT8 peptides previously identified: ZnT8178-186 and ZnT8186-194. RESULTS None of the HP peptides tested were significantly recognized when the humoral responses of 92 HT patients and 91 healthy volunteers were analyzed. CONCLUSIONS These findings do not support a triggering role for HP (through ZnT8 mimicking) in HT. If a molecular mimicry phenomenon is taking place, it involves a different self-antigen. Moreover, the negative outcome of the experiments performed stresses the fact that sharing stretches of sequence homology is relevant, but not enough to trigger an antibody-mediated cross-recognition.
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Mameli G, Cossu D, Cocco E, Frau J, Marrosu MG, Niegowska M, Sechi LA. Epitopes of HERV-Wenv induce antigen-specific humoral immunity in multiple sclerosis patients. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 280:66-8. [PMID: 25773158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To verify the serological response mounted against antigenic peptides from HERV-Wenv protein, we analyzed 80 multiple sclerosis (MS) serum samples, 27 of which were re-analyzed after a 6-month follow-up IFN-β therapy, and 73 healthy controls. Indirect ELISAs were carried out to detect antibodies specific for all the synthetic peptides derived from HERV-Wenv. Two antigenic peptides, HERV-Wenv93-108 (31.25%, p<0.0001) and HERV-Wenv248-262 (15%, p=0.02), were highly recognized by MS patients' antibodies when compared to healthy subjects. Moreover, antibody titer against these two peptides slightly decreased after six months of IFN-β-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mameli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Davide Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cocco
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Cagliari, Via Is Guadazzonis 2, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Jessica Frau
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Cagliari, Via Is Guadazzonis 2, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Marrosu
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Cagliari, Via Is Guadazzonis 2, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Antonio Sechi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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Niegowska J, Niegowska M, Batogowski M, Jasiński B. [Results of hypertensive treatment in outpatient hypertension clinics with different payment status]. Przegl Epidemiol 2009; 63:131-136. [PMID: 19522241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial hypertension concerns about 40% of adult population in Poland. WOBASZ study shows that vast majority of hypertonics in Poland are treated unsuccessfully. The aim of study was to compare the effectiveness of hypertension treatment by specialist in different payment status outpatient clinics in 2 periods: 1996-2000 (A) and 2001-2006 (B). MATERIAL AND METHODS The received data is based on documentation of 1772 patients with essential hypertension (ntp) in three outpatient hypertension clinics: one public-PP and two private outpatient hypertension clinics (NP). Duration of treatment: 2-10 years (average 54 months). Two periods were compared: period A: 1996-2000 (679 patient) and period B: 2001-2006 (1093 patients). Every patient had blood pressure measured twice within approximately 1-2 minute interval in siting position after 15 minute rest. We used mean blood pressure from both measurements in our analysis. RESULTS Blood pressure lowering < 140/90 mmHg was reached in location PP with 79% patients in A and with 84.5% patients in period B. Blood pressure lowering < 140/90 mmHg was reached in location NP correspondingly with 99.5% patients and with 99.7% patients. Levels of hypertension were as follows: in P- no patients with hypertension 1.level in period A, 7% in period B while in NP 2.1% and 3.5% correspondingly. There was similar percentage of patients with hypertension 2.level in all clinics. Differences were observed in proportion of treated patients with hypertension 3.level. In NP.- more patients were treated in period B (24.7%) than in period A (10.8%) and more than in P (A: 4.2% B: 1.2%). Patients over 64 years old were mainly treated in PP. Young patients, especially during last five years, were treated in NP. CONCLUSIONS 1. In public type of clinic the majority of treated patients with essential hypertension were over 64 years of age, in private clinics were in different age. 2. Treatment in private clinics was better than in public in patients with essential hypertension regardless of aging, gender and coexisting diabetes type 2 or complications of hypertension. 3. In public clinic hypertensive treatment during 2001-2006 was more effective than 5 year before but only in group of patients without complica tion hypertensive or coexisting diabetes type 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Niegowska
- Zespół Specjalistycznych Poradni, Instytut Kardiologii, Warszawa-Anin.
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Niegowska J, Niegowska M, Jasiński B. [Telmisartan in monotherapy of essential hypertension in young men--time of drug administration and 24-hours blood pressure and heart rate]. Pol Arch Med Wewn 2005; 114:868-73. [PMID: 16708561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED 42 men, aged 19-35 years (mean 26.3), with mild or moderate essential hypertension (DBP 95-110 mmHg), were treated with telmisartan (40 mg or 80 mg ) once daily in the morning (6 and 7 a.m.) for at least 6 weeks and for next 6 weeks and after that administration time was changed to evening dose (6-7 p.m.) 24-hours ABPM (SpaceLabs) was performed in all patients on last day of each period. Obtained recordings were compared in different periods of time: 6.00 a.m. -10.59 p.m., 11.00 p.m-5.59 a.m., 2.00-5.59 a.m., 6.00-12.00 a.m, 3.00-7.00 p.m. The SBP values in all time intervals were comparable (differences statistically not significant). A statistically significant reduction of the DBP in the time interval 6:00-12:00 a.m. was found in patients treated with telmisartan in the morning. The heart rate of the patients who received telmisartan has not been affected by the treatment schedule and remained comparable. CONCLUSIONS 1.) The time of the day administration does not affect the diurnal and night hypotensive efficacy of telmisartan. 2.) According to the results of this study, patients with the essential hypertension should receive telmisartan as monotherapy in the morning.
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Niegowska J, Niegowska M, Tylka J. [Difficult questions for family physicians concerning hypertension--questionnaire results]. Pol Merkur Lekarski 2005; 18:88-91. [PMID: 15859557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Epidemiological studies shows high percent of hypertension cases are not covered as well as level of hypertension control is not satisfactory. The aim of this study was assessment of basic level of knowledge concerning hypertension in group of basic health care physicians. MATERIAL AND METHODS 846 practice family physicians were included in this study. The questionnaire (own creation) was used for investigation. Before training course, four questions were asked to physicians about: 1/ Hypertension diagnosis in different age groups of people, 2/ Frequency of essential hypertension among of adult population, 3/ Blood pressure in first half period of normal pregnancy comparison to pre-pregnancy blood pressure, 4/ Groups of antihypertensive drugs certainly non administered in pregnancy period. RESULTS 14% responders correctly answered for first question, 19%for second question, 10%-for third and 6% for fourth question. CONCLUSIONS 1. Investigated physicians presented low level of knowledge about hypertension. 2. It is necessary to elaborate more effective strategy for education of family physicians.
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Suchanek J, Lawrynowicz R, Ciecierski L, Niegowska M. [Effect of streptomycin on trepomena pallidum]. Pol Tyg Lek 1967; 22:89-91. [PMID: 5340202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Suchanek J, Lawrynowicz R, Ciecierski L, Niegowska M. [Effect of debecyline on Treponema pallidum]. Pol Tyg Lek 1967; 22:14-6. [PMID: 5341437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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