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Mustafa G, Aslam A, Tipu MY, Masood S, Iqbal U, Mahmood A, Tayyab M, Irshad I. Efficacy evaluation of commercial vaccines against circulating filed isolates of avian influenza H9N2 and infectious bronchitis viruses in broiler chickens. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1613-1616. [PMID: 32896117 DOI: 10.23812/19-497-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Aslam
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Y Tipu
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Masood
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - U Iqbal
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Mahmood
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Tayyab
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - I Irshad
- Institute of Continuing Education and Extension, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Suo A, Iqbal U, Lim J, Lee C, Gesy K, Bryce R, Abbas T, Iqbal N. 2636 Outcomes and drug costs associated with alternate sunitinib dosing regimens in mRCC. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31453-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Byamba K, Syed-Abdul S, García-Romero M, Huang CW, Nergyi S, Nyamdorj A, Nguyen PA, Iqbal U, Paik K, Celi L, Nikore V, Somai M, Jian WS, Li YC. Mobile teledermatology for a prompter and more efficient dermatological care in rural Mongolia. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:265-7. [PMID: 25494968 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Byamba
- Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - S Syed-Abdul
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - C-W Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S Nergyi
- Dermatology Center of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - A Nyamdorj
- Allergymed Hospital, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - P-A Nguyen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - U Iqbal
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K Paik
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A
| | - L Celi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A
| | - V Nikore
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A
| | - M Somai
- Department of Clinical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, U.S.A
| | - W-S Jian
- School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of asynchronous or synchronous double or multiple malignancies in patients is not uncommon. The co-occurrence of second primary malignancy (SPM) could be randomly occurring or association with risk factors such as environmental, genetic predisposition and therapy-related. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrieved ∼782 million claim records consisting of 10.8 million males and 10.6 million females from Taiwan's National Health Insurance, which were collected for a period of 3 years (January 2000-December 2002). All the patient records were stratified by gender and ages at a 20-year interval with SPMs and specific groups. Interestingness or Q-value was used to measure strength of the disease-disease associations. RESULTS A total of 9423 thyroid cancer (female: 7483, male: 1940), 276 184 SPM (female: 141 023, male: 135 161) and 861 co-occurrence cases (female: 583, male: 278) were recorded. The co-occurrence incidence rate of head and neck, breast, digestive system and lung was 1.93%, 1.59%, 1.44% and 1.18%, respectively. Malignancy of salivary glands, laryngx, sarcoma, lymphoid tissue, mouth, central nervous system and lungs found Q-value >10. Malignancies with intermediate Q-values (5.0-9.9) were observed in nasopharynx, kidney and ureter, breast, stomach and skin. Prostate, leukemia, urinary bladder, ovary, colon, liver and uterine cervix cancer have lower Q-values (1.0-4.9). CONCLUSION Co-occurrence ratio of thyroid cancer and SPM was high, occurred in all organ systems. We postulated that the aggressive use of modern diagnostic modalities, aggressive radioiodine treatment, pre-existing molecular oncogen mutations, and thyroid hormone for simultaneously supple-mentary and suppressive therapies were responsible.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-H Hsu
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, TaiwanFrom the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, TaiwanFrom the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-L Huang
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-H Hsu
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - U Iqbal
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - P-A Nguyen
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W-S Jian
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Joulain F, Iqbal U, Diamand F, Van Cutsem E, Tabernero J, Allegra C. Aflibercept/Folfiri (AF) VS Placebo/Folfiri (PF) In Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (MCRC): Post-Hoc Analysis of Survival Excluding Adjuvant (ADJ)-Only Patients in the Velour Trial. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Drovetski SV, Kitaysky AS, Mode NA, Zink RM, Iqbal U, Barger C. mtDNA haplotypes differ in their probability of being eliminated by a mass die-off in an abundant seabird. Heredity (Edinb) 2012; 109:29-33. [PMID: 22354113 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2012.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we take advantage of a natural experiment--a 2004 mass die-off of the Common Murre in Alaska to determine whether closely related mtDNA haplotypes differ in their probability of being eliminated during such a short term but a marked event removing hundreds of thousands of individuals. We sequenced complete mtDNA ND2 gene (1041 bp) for 168 Common Murres sampled from seven breeding colonies across Alaska before the 2004 die-off and 127 dead murres washed ashore during the die-off. We found little mtDNA variation and lack of geographical structuring among the seven Common Murre breeding colonies in Alaska. A comparison of the single-dominant mtDNA haplotype's frequency between live murres sampled on breeding colonies before the die-off (73.2%; 95% confidence interval 66.3-79.9%) and dead murres sampled during the die-off (59.1%; 95% confidence interval 50.4-67.4%; Fisher's exact P=0.01) showed that carriers of the dominant haplotype were significantly less likely to die than carriers of other haplotypes. At the same time, the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions did not differ between live (10:35) and dead birds (18:34; Fisher's exact P=0.26), indicating that non-synonymous substitutions were as likely to be eliminated as synonymous substitutions. These results are consistent with the possibility of positive selection on the dominant mtDNA haplotype during the die-off.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Drovetski
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal.
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Iqbal U, Trojahn U, Albaghdadi H, Zhang J, O'Connor-McCourt M, Stanimirovic D, Tomanek B, Sutherland G, Abulrob A. Kinetic analysis of novel mono- and multivalent VHH-fragments and their application for molecular imaging of brain tumours. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 160:1016-28. [PMID: 20590596 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00742.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its mutated variant EGFRvIII occurs in 50% of glioblastoma multiforme. We developed antibody fragments against EGFR/EGFRvIII for molecular imaging and/or therapeutic targeting applications. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH An anti-EGFR/EGFRvIII llama single-domain antibody (EG(2)) and two higher valency format constructs, bivalent EG(2)-hFc and pentavalent V2C-EG(2) sdAbs, were analysed in vitro for their binding affinities using surface plasmon resonance and cell binding studies, and in vivo using pharmacokinetic, biodistribution, optical imaging and fluorescent microscopy studies. KEY RESULTS Kinetic binding analyses by surface plasmon resonance revealed intrinsic affinities of 55 nM and 97 nM for the monovalent EG(2) to immobilized extracellular domains of EGFR and EGFRvIII, respectively, and a 10- to 600-fold increases in apparent affinities for the multivalent binders, V2C-EG(2) and EG(2)-hFc, respectively. In vivo pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies in mice revealed plasma half-lives for EG(2), V2C-EG(2) and EG(2)-hFc of 41 min, 80 min and 12.5 h, respectively, as well as a significantly higher retention of EG(2)-hFc compared to the other two constructs in EGFR/EGFRvIII-expressing orthotopic brain tumours, resulting in the highest signal in the tumour region in optical imaging studies. Time domain volumetric optical imaging fusion with high-resolution micro-computed tomography of microvascular brain network confirmed EG(2)-hFc selective accumulation/retention in anatomically defined tumour regions. CONCLUSIONS Single domain antibodies can be optimized for molecular imaging applications by methods that improve their apparent affinity and prolong plasma half-life and, at the same time, preserve their ability to penetrate tumour parenchyma.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Iqbal
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Iqbal U, Albaghdadi H, Luo Y, Arbabi M, Desvaux C, Veres T, Stanimirovic D, Abulrob A. Molecular imaging of glioblastoma multiforme using anti-insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-7 single-domain antibodies. Br J Cancer 2010; 103:1606-16. [PMID: 20959824 PMCID: PMC2990581 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) is an abundant, selective and accessible biomarker of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumour vessels. In this study, an anti-IGFBP7 single-domain antibody (sdAb) was developed to target GBM vessels for molecular imaging applications. Methods: Human GBM was modelled in mice by intracranial implantation of U87MG.EGFRvIII cells. An anti-IGFBP7 sdAb, isolated from an immune llama library by panning, was assessed in vitro for its binding affinity using surface plasmon resonance and by ex vivo immunobinding on mouse and human GBM tissue. Tumour targeting by Cy5.5-labelled anti-IGFBP7 sdAb as well as by anti-IGFBP7 sdAb conjugated to PEGylated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs)-Cy5.5 were assessed in U87MG.EGFRvIII tumour-bearing mice in vivo using optical imaging and in brain sections using fluorescent microscopy. Results: Surface plasmon resonance analyses revealed a medium affinity (KD=40–50 nM) binding of the anti-IGFBP7 sdAb to the purified antigen. The anti-IGFBP7 sdAb also selectively bound to both mouse and human GBM vessels, but not normal brain vessels in tissue sections. In vivo, intravenously injected anti-IGFBP7 sdAb-Cy5.5 bound to GBM vessels creating high imaging signal in the intracranial tumour. Similarly, the anti-IGFBP7 sdAb-functionalised PEGylated Fe3O4 NP-Cy5.5 demonstrated enhanced tumour signal compared with non-targeted NPs. Fluorescent microscopy confirmed the presence of anti-IGFBP7 sdAb and anti-IGFBP7 sdAb-PEGylated Fe3O4 NPs selectively in GBM vessels. Conclusions: Anti-IGFBP7 sdAbs are novel GBM vessel-targeting moieties suitable for molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Iqbal
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Access to high quality medical care and especially to complex procedures may be adversely affected in members of a minority ethnic group or a lower socioeconomic class. For example, Caucasians undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous transluminal coronary interventions (PTCI) twice as frequently as African-Americans. Data exist to suggest that African-Americans derive less benefit than Caucasians from CABG. HYPOTHESIS We investigated the possibility that outcomes of catheter-based coronary angioplasty might also be less favorable in minority populations. METHODS We analyzed in-hospital outcomes in 6,559 consecutive patients who underwent PTCI in our laboratory. In 37 ethnicity was classified as "other," 5,203 (79.8%) were identified as Caucasians, 863 (13.2%), as African-Americans, and 456 (7.0%), as Hispanics. Twelve baseline clinical, angiographic, and procedural characteristics were entered into a computerized data base. Hospital complications were identified by trained quality assurance nurses. RESULTS Substantial differences in baseline characteristics existed between the populations. Despite these differences, on univariate comparison of ethnicity and outcome, no differences between ethnic groups were found with a single exception. Mortality in Hispanics was higher than in the other two populations. (2.0 vs. 0.7 and 0.8%, respectively, p = 0.008). However, when this was adjusted for baseline characteristics, the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to previous studies suggesting less favorable outcomes of CABG in African-American patients, this analysis demonstrates an equal frequency of procedural success and rate of hospital complications for PTCI in that population, in Hispanics, and in Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mastoor
- Section of Cardiology, Washington Hospital Center, District of Columbia, USA
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Radhakrishnan N, Roy R, Thomas A, Mehrotra B, Iqbal U. Long-term outcome of penile cancer: Single North American institutional study. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.15645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
15645 Background: Penile cancer is a rare malignancy in the Western world with limited published data. We conducted a review of patient (pt.) records diagnosed with penile cancer at our instituition to evaluate the patterns of treatment, responses, recurrences and long term outcomes. Methods: IRB approval was obtained for this retrospective analysis. Tumor registry data was analysed for all adult patients diagnosed with penile cancers between 1995 and 2005. Patient characteristics including age, disease stage, histology, grade, ethnicity, treatment modalities and outcomes were recorded. Results: 24 pts were identified. Median age: 68 years (range: 38 - 86), Stage distribution: Stage 0 (n=7, 29%), Stage I: n =8 (33.%) ; Stage II: n= 4 (17%); Stage III: n = 1 (4%), Stage IV: n=4 (16.7%); ethnicity: Caucasian:17, African-American: n=3; Hispanic: n=1;and South Asian: n=6; Histology: squamous (sq.): n = 21(88%), sq. with sarcomatoid features: n=1(4%), small cell ca: n = 1, (4%); poorly diff. ca: n = 1 (4%). Grades 1,2,3 in each stage respectively : stage I: ( n= 4, 2, 1), stage II: (n = 0,1,2), stage III: (1,0,0), stage IV: (n = 1,2,1). Treatment and Outcome: All pts with stage 0 disease were treated with excision biopsy. 3 of 7 (40%) recurred but are disease free after re-excision. All pts with Stage I disease were treated with partial penectomy. Two of 8 (25%) recurred, of which one pt died of his disease. All pts with stage II were treated with surgery (penectomy) and CT. One pt was additionally treated with RT to the groin. Except for this pt all stage II pts recurred and died due to recurrent disease. The pt with stage III disease was treated with a partial penectomy and CT and remains disease free without recurrence. All pts with stage IV disease were treated with CT, 3 were also treated with RT , but all died of metastatic disease. Median OS: Stage 0: 70+ mo, (20–150 ); Stage I: 69 mo (11–133); Stage II: 25 mo(12–84); Stage III: 25 mo; Stage IV: 7 mo ( 7- 23); Conclusions: Pts with early stage 0 and I disease have a high local recurrence rate (33%) but are curable with surgical salvage. Stages II, III and IV pts have high recurrence rates and poor prognoses despite treatment with penectomy and CT. Future trials should address the benefit of adjuvant chemo/RT in patients with intermediate stage (II & III) disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Roy
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - A. Thomas
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - B. Mehrotra
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - U. Iqbal
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
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Caramalis A, Nissel-Horowitz S, Iqbal U, Roy R, Radhakrishnan N, Thomas A, Pollack J, Lebowicz Y, Mehrotra B. Weekly chemotherapy with platinum as radio-sensitizer during concomitant chemoradiotherapy for squamous cell head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.16541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
16541 Background: CRT protocols for locally advanced HNC commonly utilize single agent cisplatinum as the radiation- sensitizing chemotherpy. This is typically administered in q 3 weekly doses of 100 mg/sq m concomitantly with XRT. However, many pts are not candidates for this dose and schedule of cisplatinum delivery due to co-morbidities. Limited data are available regarding the efficacy of alternate dosing of platinum analogues.We therefore analysed our experience with alternate dosing of cisplatin or carboplatin administered concomitantly with XRT. Methods: IRB approval was obtained for this retrospective analysis. Tumor registry and pharmacy data were reviewed to identify eligible pts. between 2004–2006 who were treated with alternate dosing of platinum with XRT. Pt characteristics recorded included: age, gender, stage, site of disease, type of chemotherpeutic agent used carboplatin or cisplatinum, number of doses administered, local disease free survival and overall survival. Results: Eleven pts were identified. Median age: 64 years (44–75); Gender: M:F::8:3; Sites: Oral cavity: n=2; Pharynx: n=11; Stage III: n=3; Stage IVa &b: n=8. Cisplatin weekly (doses 30–40mg/sqm): n=8; Carboplatin weekly AUC=2: n=3; Cisplatin weekly, changed to carboplatin: n=1. Nine of 11 pts achieved a local CR (82%); one pt has achieved a near CR and one pt achieved a PR and required salvage laryngectomy. At a median follow up of 14 mos (range: 4–34), all pts remain alive. In addition to the pt that achieved a PR after initial treatment, one other pt has required surgical salvage at 23 mos post CRT. No treatment related mortality occurred in this series. Conclusions: Weekly administration of cisplatin and carboplatin appears to be a feasible alternative to standard dose and schedule of cisplatin with acceptable efficacy. Future studies should compare targetted therapies such as cetuximab with or in combination with weekly platinum regimens during CRT for pts not eligible for standard dose cisplatinum. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Caramalis
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY
| | | | - U. Iqbal
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - R. Roy
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY
| | | | - A. Thomas
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - J. Pollack
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Y. Lebowicz
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - B. Mehrotra
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY
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Iqbal U, Radhakrishnan N, Kaufman M, Thomas A, Patel D, Mehrotra B, Roy R. Bleomycin dose modification in Hodgkin disease (HD) treated with ABVD: Patient characteristics, treatment outcomes, and association with mixed cellularity (MC) histology. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.18525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
18525 Background: Bleomycin used in the ABVD regimen is associated with a risk of pulmonary toxicity (10 - 19%). Pts with early signs of suspected bleomycin toxicity are often treated with modifications of the regimen. We conducted a retrospective study of patients with HD at our institution in whom bleomycin dose was modified or discontinued during their course of therapy with ABVD. Their response to modified therapy and possible predisposing factors were analysed. Methods: IRB approval was obtained for this study. Tumor registry data for adult pts diagnosed with HD between 2004 and 2006 were analysed for age, stage, sex, histology, smoking history, reduction in bleomycin dose and outcomes. Results: 38 pts were diagnosed with HD at our institution during this time period. Histology: NS: n=15(39.4%), MC: n=16(42.1%), NLP: n=2(5.2%), LR: n=2(5.2%). Histology NOS: n=4(10.5%). 8 pts with bleomycin dose modifications were identified. Pt. characteristics : Med.age 46 yrs (28- 64 ), M:F3:5; 7 of 8 were newly diagnosed and one pt had recurrent HDs. Stages: Stg I: n = 1; Stg II: n= 3; Stg III: n = 3, Stage IV: n= 1, B symptoms : n = 3. Histology: MC (n = 6), NS (n = 1). Unk n=1. 4 of 8 pts were ex-smokers. One patient never received bleomycin due to initial poor PFTs. 7 pts had bleomycin discontinued due to symptoms and decrease in DLCO during their treatment. One patient was continued on 50% reduced dose bleomycin for 2 cycles prior to discontinuation of bleomycin. The distribution of the number of patients discontinuing bleomycin by cycle of treatment is as follows: C#2: n=1; C#3: n=2; C#4: n=1; C#5: n=2. The complete response rate was 100% in this group despite bleomycin dose modification. There were no relapses after a median follow up of 18 mos (range: 8- 33). One patient treated for recurrent HD had severe pulmonary toxicity and did not receive any further treatments. All other patients completed their intended cycles of treatment. Conclusions: Despite bleomycin modification in this small series of pts treated initially with ABVD, DFS remains excellent with no noted relapses at this early follow up. Majority of pts requiring dose modifications had MC histology. Further trials are needed to evaluate the role of bleomycin in the ABVD regimen. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Iqbal
- Long Island Jewish Medical Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | | | - M. Kaufman
- Long Island Jewish Medical Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - A. Thomas
- Long Island Jewish Medical Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - D. Patel
- Long Island Jewish Medical Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - B. Mehrotra
- Long Island Jewish Medical Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - R. Roy
- Long Island Jewish Medical Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
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Roy R, Radhakrishnan N, Kaufman M, Thomas A, Weiss G, Iqbal U, Mehrotra B. Upper genitourinary tract transitional cell carcinoma (TCC): Long-term outcome data from a large single institutional series. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.15582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
15582 Background: TCC of the upper urinary tract (renal pelvis and ureters) is a relatively rare entity and carries a poor prognosis. Literature regarding long term outcomes are lacking. We embarked on a review of pt records to evaluate patterns of practice: ie adjuvant therapies and survival outcomes of pts treated at our tertiary care institution. Methods: IRB approval was obtained for this retrospective analysis. Tumor registry data were analysed for all adult pts with TCC of the renal pelvis and ureter diagnosed from 1995 to 2005. Only patients with locoregionally confined disease were included in this study. Pt characteristics recorded: age, sex, site of disease, stage, grade, treatment modalities and survival outcome. Results: 175 patients were identified. Med. age: 75 yrs (range 40–90). Gender: M:F:107:68; Sites: Renal Pelvis: n=128; Ureters: n=47; Stages: Stg 0: n=46 (26.28%), Stg I: n=68 (38.85%), Stg II: n=19 (10.85%), Stg III: n=29 (16.57%), Stg IV (excl. M1):n=13 (7.4%). Gr 1: n=13 (7%), Gr 2: n=49 (28%), Gr 3: n=78 (45%), Gr 4: n=20 (11%); Unknown n=14 (8%). Gr 3/4 distribution for Stages 0, I, II, III, and IV were 17 (37%), 32 (47%), 15 (72%), 23 (79%) and 11 (84%) respectively. Treatment Modalities: All pts were treated with surgical resection; adjuvant chemotherapy was utilized in Stg I: 5/68; Stg II: 3/19; Stg III: 5/29; Stg IV: 1/13 pts. Adjuvant RT was administered in Stg III: 1/29; Stg IV: 3/13 pts. Med. survival and OS at 1, 2, 5 and 10 yrs are shown in Table 1 for all pts treated with surgical resection alone as standard therapy. Med. Survival of all patients who received any adjuvant therapy was 24 mos. Conclusions: Increasing frequency of higher grade disease was present in higher stage patients. Long term survival of early stage disease despite surgical resection is poor with 5 year OS of 45–62% in Stages 0-II and worse with higher stages III and IV with 5 yr OS of 17- 21%. Clearly, better adjuvant or neo-adjuvant strategies are needed to improve this dismal prognosis. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Roy
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | | | - M. Kaufman
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - A. Thomas
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - G. Weiss
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - U. Iqbal
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - B. Mehrotra
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
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Iqbal U, Brien JF, Kapoor A, Matthews SG, Reynolds JN. Chronic prenatal ethanol exposure increases glucocorticoid-induced glutamate release in the hippocampus of the near-term foetal guinea pig. J Neuroendocrinol 2006; 18:826-34. [PMID: 17026532 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2006.01479.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to high cortisol concentration can injure the developing brain, possibly via an excitotoxic mechanism involving glutamate (Glu). The present study tested the hypothesis that chronic prenatal ethanol exposure (CPEE) activates the foetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to produce high cortisol exposure in the foetal compartment and alters sensitivity to glucocorticoid-induced Glu release in the foetal hippocampus. Pregnant guinea pigs received daily oral administration of ethanol (4 g/kg maternal body weight/day) or isocaloric-sucrose/pair-feeding from gestational day (GD) 2 until GD 63 (term, approximately GD 68) at which time they were euthanised, 1 h after their final treatment. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol concentrations were determined in foetal plasma. Basal and electrically stimulated Glu and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) efflux in the presence or absence of dexamethasone (DEX), a selective glucocorticoid-receptor agonist, were determined ex vivo in foetal hippocampal slices. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR), mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor NR1 subunit mRNA expression were determined in situ in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus. In the near-term foetus, CPEE increased foetal plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations. Electrically stimulated glutamate, but not GABA, release was increased in CPEE foetal hippocampal slices. Low DEX concentration (0.3 microM) decreased stimulated glutamate, but not GABA, release in both CPEE and control foetal hippocampal slices. High DEX concentration (3.0 microM) increased basal release of Glu, but not GABA, in CPEE foetal hippocampal slices. GR, but not MR, mRNA expression was elevated in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus, whereas NR1 mRNA expression was increased in the CA1 and CA3 fields of the foetal hippocampus. These data demonstrate that CPEE increases high glucocorticoid concentration-induced Glu release in the foetal hippocampus, presumably as a consequence of increased GR expression. These effects of CPEE, coupled with increased glutamate release and increased NMDA receptor expression, may predispose the near-term foetal hippocampus to GR and Glu-NMDA receptor-mediated neurodevelopmental toxicity.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood
- Animals
- Central Nervous System Depressants/toxicity
- Electric Stimulation
- Ethanol/toxicity
- Female
- Fetus/drug effects
- Fetus/metabolism
- Glucocorticoids/metabolism
- Glutamic Acid/drug effects
- Glutamic Acid/metabolism
- Guinea Pigs
- Hippocampus/drug effects
- Hippocampus/metabolism
- Hydrocortisone/blood
- Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/drug effects
- Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/metabolism
- Maternal-Fetal Exchange
- Neurotoxins/toxicity
- Organ Culture Techniques
- Pituitary-Adrenal System/drug effects
- Pituitary-Adrenal System/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Random Allocation
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/drug effects
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism
- Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/drug effects
- Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/metabolism
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/drug effects
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
- Statistics, Nonparametric
- Toxicity Tests, Chronic
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Affiliation(s)
- U Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Iqbal U, Brien JF, Banjanin S, Andrews MH, Matthews SG, Reynolds JN. Chronic prenatal ethanol exposure alters glucocorticoid signalling in the hippocampus of the postnatal Guinea pig. J Neuroendocrinol 2005; 17:600-8. [PMID: 16101899 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2005.01349.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study tested the hypothesis that chronic prenatal ethanol exposure causes long-lasting changes in glucocorticoid signalling in postnatal offspring. Pregnant guinea pigs were treated with ethanol (4 g/kg maternal body weight/day), isocaloric-sucrose/pair-feeding or water throughout gestation, and maternal saliva cortisol concentration was determined 2 h after treatment at different stages of gestation. Electrically-stimulated release of glutamate and GABA, in the presence or absence of dexamethasone, as well as glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor mRNA expression, was determined in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of adult offspring of treated pregnant guinea pigs. Maternal saliva cortisol concentration increased throughout pregnancy, which was associated with increased foetal plasma and amniotic fluid cortisol concentration. Ethanol administration to pregnant guinea pigs increased maternal saliva cortisol concentration during early and mid-gestation. In late gestation, ethanol administration did not increase saliva cortisol concentration above that induced by pregnancy. Chronic prenatal ethanol exposure had no effect on stimulated glutamate or GABA release, but selectively prevented dexamethasone-mediated suppression of stimulated glutamate release, and decreased expression of mineralocorticoid, but not glucocorticoid, receptor mRNA in the hippocampus of adult offspring. These data indicate that maternal ethanol administration leads to excessively increased maternal cortisol concentration that can impact negatively the developing foetal brain, leading to persistent postnatal deficits in glucocorticoid regulation of glutamate signalling in the adult hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Iqbal U, Dringenberg HC, Brien JF, Reynolds JN. Chronic prenatal ethanol exposure alters hippocampal GABAA receptors and impairs spatial learning in the guinea pig. Behav Brain Res 2004; 150:117-25. [PMID: 15033285 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-4328(03)00246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2003] [Revised: 05/14/2003] [Accepted: 07/03/2003] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic prenatal ethanol exposure (CPEE) can injure the developing brain, and may lead to the fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Previous studies have demonstrated that CPEE upregulates gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptor expression in the cerebral cortex, and decreases functional synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, in the adult guinea pig. This study tested the hypothesis that CPEE increases GABA(A) receptor expression in the hippocampus of guinea pig offspring that exhibit cognitive deficits in a hippocampal-dependent spatial learning task. Timed, pregnant guinea pigs were treated with ethanol (4 g/kg maternal body weight per day), isocaloric-sucrose/pair-feeding, or water throughout gestation. GABA(A) receptor subunit protein expression in the hippocampus was measured at two development ages: near-term fetus and young adult. In young adult guinea pig offspring, CPEE increased spontaneous locomotor activity in the open-field and impaired task acquisition in the Morris water maze. CPEE did not change GABA(A) receptor subunit protein expression in the near-term fetal hippocampus, but increased expression of the beta2/3-subunit of the GABA(A) receptor in the hippocampus of young adult offspring. CPEE did not change either [(3)H]flunitrazepam binding or GABA potentiation of [(3)H]flunitrazepam binding, but decreased the efficacy of allopregnanolone potentiation of [(3)H]flunitrazepam binding, to hippocampal GABA(A) receptors in adult offspring. Correlational analysis revealed a relationship between increased spontaneous locomotor activity and growth restriction in the hippocampus induced by CPEE. Similarly, an inverse relationship was found between performance in the water maze and the efficacy of allopregnanolone potentiation of [(3)H]flunitrazepam binding in the hippocampus. These data suggest that alterations in hippocampal GABA(A) receptor expression and pharmacological properties contribute to hippocampal-related behavioral and cognitive deficits associated with CPEE.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada K7L 3N6
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- U Iqbal
- Section of Cardiology, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
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