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Soysal SD, Muenst S, Kan-Mitchell J, Huarte E, Zhang X, Wilkinson-Ryan I, Fleming T, Tiriveedhi V, Mohanakumar T, Li L, Herndon J, Oertli D, Goedegebuure SP, Gillanders WE. Identification and translational validation of novel mammaglobin-A CD8 T cell epitopes. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2014; 147:527-37. [PMID: 25212176 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-014-3129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mammaglobin-A (MAM-A) is a secretory protein that is overexpressed in 80 % of human breast cancers. Its near-universal expression in breast cancer as well as its exquisite tissue specificity makes it an attractive target for a breast cancer prevention vaccine, and we recently initiated a phase 1 clinical trial of a MAM-A DNA vaccine. Previously, we have identified multiple MAM-A CD8 T cell epitopes using a reverse immunology candidate epitope approach based on predicted binding, but to date no attempt has been made to identify epitopes using an unbiased approach. In this study, we used human T cells primed in vitro with autologous dendritic cells expressing MAM-A to systematically identify MAM-A CD8 T cell epitopes. Using this unbiased approach, we identified three novel HLA-A2-restricted MAM-A epitopes. CD8 T cells specific for these epitopes are able to recognize and lyse human breast cancer cells in a MAM-A-specific, HLA-A2-dependent fashion. HLA-A2(+)/MAM-A(+) breast cancer patients have an increased prevalence of CD8 T cells specific for these novel MAM-A epitopes, and vaccination with a MAM-A DNA vaccine significantly increases the number of these CD8 T cells. The identification and translational validation of novel MAM-A epitopes has important implications for the ongoing clinical development of vaccine strategies targeting MAM-A. The novel MAM-A epitopes represent attractive targets for epitope-based vaccination strategies, and can also be used to monitor immune responses. Taken together these studies provide additional support for MAM-A as an important therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Soysal
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Sarma N, Tiriveedhi V, Mohanakumar T. Ligation of Transgenic MHC Class I Molecule Expressed Only in the Lungs By Its Specific Antibodies Induces Epithelial Injury, Autoimmunity and Obliterative Airway Disease (OAD): A Novel Transgenic Mouse Model of OAD. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Angaswamy N, Klein C, Tiriveedhi V, Gaut J, Anwar S, Rossi A, Phelan D, Wellen JR, Shenoy S, Chapman WC, Mohanakumar T. Immune responses to collagen-IV and fibronectin in renal transplant recipients with transplant glomerulopathy. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:685-93. [PMID: 24410875 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies (Abs) to donor HLA (donor-specific antibodies [DSA]) have been associated with transplant glomerulopathy (TG) following kidney transplantation (KTx). Immune responses to tissue-restricted self-antigens (self-Ags) have been proposed to play a role in chronic rejection. We determined whether KTx with TG have immune responses to self-Ags, Collagen-IV (Col-IV) and fibronectin (FN). DSA were determined by solid phase assay, Abs against Col-IV and FN by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and CD4+ T cells secreting interferon gamma (IFN-γ), IL-17 or IL-10 by ELISPOT. Development of Abs to self-Ags following KTx increased the risk for TG with an odds ratio of 22 (p-value = 0.001). Abs to self-Ags were IgG and IgM isotypes. Pretransplant Abs to self-Ags increased the risk of TG (22% vs. 10%, p < 0.05). Abs to self-Ags were identified frequently in KTx with DSA. TG patients demonstrated increased Col-IV and FN specific CD4+ T cells secreting IFN-γ and IL-17 with reduction in IL-10. We conclude that development of Abs to self-Ags is a risk factor and having both DSA and Abs to self-Ags increases the risk for TG. The increased frequency of self-Ag-specific IFN-γ and IL-17 cells with reduction in IL-10 demonstrate tolerance breakdown to self-Ags which we propose play a role in the pathogenesis of TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Angaswamy
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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Tiriveedhi V, Baskaran G, Sarma N, Askar M, Budev M, Aloush A, Hachem R, Trulock E, Meyers B, Patterson G, Mohanakumar T. Pre-Transplant Antibodies to Kα1Tubulin and Collagen V in Lung Transplantation: Correlation with Disease, Primary Graft Dysfunction, Donor Specific HLA Antibodies, and Chronic Rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2013.01.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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5
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Tiriveedhi V, Takenaka M, Ramachandran S, Gelman AE, Subramanian V, Patterson GA, Mohanakumar T. T regulatory cells play a significant role in modulating MHC class I antibody-induced obliterative airway disease. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:2663-74. [PMID: 22822907 PMCID: PMC3459183 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04191.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms leading to the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction following de novo development of antibodies to mismatched donor MHC remain undefined. We demonstrated that intrabronchial administration of antibodies to MHC class I resulted in induction of both innate and adaptive cellular immune responses characterized by a predominance of Th17 specific to lung associated self-antigens Kα1-tubulin and Collagen-V leading to the development of obliterative airway lesions (OAD), correlate of chronic rejection following human lung transplantation. To determine the role of regulatory T cells (Treg) in the pathogenesis of OAD, we administered anti-MHC class I to mice, in which Treg were depleted by conditional ablation of FoxP3+cells. Under this condition, we observed a threefold increase in pulmonary cellular infiltration, luminal occlusion and fibrous deposition when compared anti-MHC class I Ab administered mice maintaining FoxP3. OAD lesions were accompanied with enhanced accumulation of neutrophils along with self-antigen-specific Th17 and humoral responses. However, IL-17-blockade or adoptive transfer of Treg abrogated OAD. We conclude that Treg exerts a suppressive effect on anti-MHC induced IL-8-mediated neutrophil infiltration and innate immune responses that leads to inhibition of Th17 immune responses to lung associated self-antigens which is critical for development of OAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Tiriveedhi
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - M. Takenaka
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - S. Ramachandran
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - A. E. Gelman
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - V Subramanian
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - T. Mohanakumar
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
,Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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Hachem RR, Tiriveedhi V, Patterson GA, Aloush A, Trulock EP, Mohanakumar T. Antibodies to K-α 1 tubulin and collagen V are associated with chronic rejection after lung transplantation. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:2164-71. [PMID: 22568593 PMCID: PMC3409301 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04079.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), the clinical correlate of chronic rejection after lung transplantation, is the leading obstacle to better long-term outcomes. We previously instituted a clinical protocol to screen for donor-specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSA) and a preemptive antibody-directed therapy protocol consisting of rituximab and/or intravenous immune globulin. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed serum samples from lung transplant recipients (n = 108) for antibodies to self-antigens (K-α 1 tubulin and collagen V) before and after antibody-directed therapy and correlated the results with the subsequent development of BOS. Seventy-two of the 108 recipients developed antibodies to self-antigens. There was a correlation between the development of antibodies to self-antigens and DSA. Sixteen of the 54 patients who had antibodies to self-antigens and were treated with antibody-directed therapy cleared the antibodies, and they were significantly less likely to develop BOS than those who had persistent antibodies. Furthermore, those who cleared DSA after treatment but had persistent antibodies to self-antigens were significantly more likely to develop BOS than those who cleared these antibodies. We conclude that antibodies to self-antigens are an important risk factor for the development of BOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Hachem
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Abstract
Organ transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage organ dysfunction. In spite of advances in understanding of donor and recipient physiology, organ preservation, operative techniques and immunosuppression, long-term graft survival still remains a major problem primarily due to chronic rejection. Alloimmune responses to mismatched major histocompatibility antigens have been implicated as an important factor leading to rejection. However, there is increasing evidence pointing towards cross-talk between the alloimmune and autoimmune responses creating a local inflammatory milieu, which eventually leads to fibrosis and occlusion of the lumen in the transplanted organ i.e. chronic rejection. In this review, we will discuss recent studies and emerging concepts for the interdependence of alloimmune and autoimmune responses in the immunopathogenesis of chronic allograft rejection. The role of autoimmunity in the development of chronic rejection is an intriguing and exciting area of research in the field of solid-organ transplantation with a significant potential to develop novel therapeutic strategies towards preventing chronic allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Tiriveedhi
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Subramanian V, Takenaka M, Tiriveedhi V, Benshoff N, Yamamoto S, Gelman A, Patterson A, Mohanakumar T. 14 Administration of Antibodies to Self Antigens (Kα1 Tubulin and Collagen V) Results in Obliterative Bronchitis after Syngeneic Mouse Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Tiriveedhi V, Takenaka M, Subramanian V, Gelman A, Patterson G, Mohanakumar T. 95 Antibodies to MHC Induce Autoimmunity Leading to Obliterative Airway Disease: Definition of Mechanisms. J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Tiriveedhi V, Angaswamy N, Brand D, Weber J, Gelman AG, Hachem R, Trulock EP, Meyers B, Patterson G, Mohanakumar T. A shift in the collagen V antigenic epitope leads to T helper phenotype switch and immune response to self-antigen leading to chronic lung allograft rejection. Clin Exp Immunol 2012; 167:158-68. [PMID: 22132895 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04486.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune responses to human leucocyte antigen (HLA) and self-antigen collagen V (Col-V) have been proposed in the pathogenesis of chronic rejection (bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, BOS) following human lung transplantation (LTx). In this study, we defined the role for the shift in immunodominant epitopes of Col-V in inducing T helper phenotype switch leading to immunity to Col-V and BOS. Sera and lavage from BOS(+) LTx recipients with antibodies to Col-V were analysed. Two years prior to BOS, patients developed antibodies to both Col-V,α1(V) and α2(V) chains. However, at clinical diagnosis of BOS, antibodies became restricted to α1(V). Further, lung biopsy from BOS(+) patients bound to antibodies to α1(V), indicating that these epitopes are exposed. Fourteen Col-V peptides [pep1-14, pep1-4 specific to α1(V), pep5-8 to α1,2(V) and pep9-14 to α2(V)] which bind to HLA-DR4 and -DR7, demonstrated that prior to BOS, pep 6, 7, 9, 11 and 14 were immunodominant and induced interleukin (IL)-10. However, at BOS, the response switched to pep1, 4 and 5 and induced interferon (IFN)-γ and IL-17 responses, but not IL-10. The T helper (Th) phenotype switch is accompanied by decreased frequency of regulatory T cells (T(regs) ) in the lavage. LTx recipients with antibodies to α1(V) also demonstrated increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation with decreased MMP inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP), suggesting that MMP activation may play a role in the exposure of new Col-V antigenic epitopes. We conclude that a shift in immunodominance of self-antigenic determinants of Col-V results in induction of IFN-γ and IL-17 with loss of tolerance leading to autoimmunity to Col-V, which leads to chronic lung allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Tiriveedhi
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Tiriveedhi V, Mohanakumar T. 345 Ligation of Human Airway Epithelial Cells Antibodies Specific to K- α1-Tubulin Leads to Activation of HIF-1α Dependent Induction of Fibrinogenic Growth Factors: Role in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Rejection Following Human Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Tiriveedhi V, Angaswamy N, Brand D, Weber J, Hacheem R, Trulock E, Meyers B, Patterson G, Mohanakumar T. 233 Epitope Switch of Self-Antigen Collagen V Is Associated with Th-17 Phenotype and Autoimmune Responses: Role in Chronic Rejection Following Human Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Tiriveedhi V, Weber J, Hacheem R, Aloush A, Phelan D, Trulock E, Meyers B, Patterson A, Mohanakumar T. 82 Antibody Directed Therapy for DSA Results in Diminished Autoimmune Response and Favorable Long Term Outcome Following Human Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Tiriveedhi V, Nath D, Phelan D, Moazami N, Ewald G, Mohanakumar T. 98 Role of Antibodies to HLA, Collagen-V and K-α1-Tubulin in Antibody Mediated Rejection and Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Nath D, Tiriveedhi V, Ilias Basha H, Angaswamy N, Ramachandran S, Phelan D, Ewald G, Mohanakumar T. 39-OR: Antibodies to HLA Precede Antibodies to MICA and Self-Antigens – Myosin, Vimentin, Collagen-V – in Human Cardiac Allograft Recipients With Acute Antibody Mediated Rejection. Hum Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.06.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ilias Basha H, Tiriveedhi V, Takenaka M, Ramachandran S, Patterson G, Mohanakumar T. 322: IL-17F Induces a Distinct Form of Anti-MHC Class I Induced Autoimmunity and Playing a Role in Chronic Rejection Post-Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2009.11.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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