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Raviola S, Griffante G, Iannucci A, Chandel S, Lo Cigno I, Lacarbonara D, Caneparo V, Pasquero S, Favero F, Corà D, Trisolini E, Boldorini R, Cantaluppi V, Landolfo S, Gariglio M, De Andrea M. Human cytomegalovirus infection triggers a paracrine senescence loop in renal epithelial cells. Commun Biol 2024; 7:292. [PMID: 38459109 PMCID: PMC10924099 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05957-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an opportunistic pathogen causing severe diseases in immunosuppressed individuals. To replicate its double-stranded DNA genome, HCMV induces profound changes in cellular homeostasis that may resemble senescence. However, it remains to be determined whether HCMV-induced senescence contributes to organ-specific pathogenesis. Here, we show a direct cytopathic effect of HCMV on primary renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTECs), a natural setting of HCMV disease. We find that RPTECs are fully permissive for HCMV replication, which endows them with an inflammatory gene signature resembling the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), as confirmed by the presence of the recently established SenMayo gene set, which is not observed in retina-derived epithelial (ARPE-19) cells. Although HCMV-induced senescence is not cell-type specific, as it can be observed in both RPTECs and human fibroblasts (HFFs), only infected RPTECs show downregulation of LAMINB1 and KI67 mRNAs, and enhanced secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, which are well-established hallmarks of senescence. Finally, HCMV-infected RPTECs have the ability to trigger a senescence/inflammatory loop in an IL-6-dependent manner, leading to the development of a similar senescence/inflammatory phenotype in neighboring uninfected cells. Overall, our findings raise the intriguing possibility that this unique inflammatory loop contributes to HCMV-related pathogenesis in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raviola
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Gloria Griffante
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Iannucci
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Shikha Chandel
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Irene Lo Cigno
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Lacarbonara
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Valeria Caneparo
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Selina Pasquero
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Favero
- Bioinformatics Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Corà
- Bioinformatics Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Trisolini
- Pathology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Renzo Boldorini
- Pathology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cantaluppi
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Santo Landolfo
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco De Andrea
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Medical School, Turin, Italy.
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Caneparo V, Rinaldi C, Ferrante D, Ravanini P, Lo Cigno I, Cavalieri S, Gariglio M, Borgogna C. Longitudinal monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 viral load in self-collected saliva from health care workers during breakthrough infections to spare working days. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0255523. [PMID: 37982633 PMCID: PMC10714835 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02555-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) on nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) has been used as the standard method for detecting and monitoring SARS-CoV-2 infection during the pandemic. However, NPS collection often causes discomfort and poses a higher risk of transmission to health care workers (HCW). Furthermore, RT-qPCR only provides relative quantification and does not allow distinguishing those samples with residual, no longer active infection, whereas droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) allows for precise quantification of viral load, offering greater sensitivity and reproducibility. This study highlights the effectiveness of using self-collected saliva as a convenient and reliable sampling method. By utilizing ddPCR to measure the SARS-CoV-2 viral load in saliva samples, individuals with low or undetectable viral loads can be quickly identified. This approach is particularly advantageous for surveillance programs targeting HCW, as it enables the early identification and release of uninfected personnel, minimizing lost workdays. Additionally, analyzing viral load in saliva samples by ddPCR is valuable in determining virus shedding duration across different SARS-CoV-2 variants, informing transmission and disease control. Finally, testing saliva could overcome the detection of historic cases due to prolonged RNA swabbing past-infection and the unnecessary exclusion of those individuals from the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Caneparo
- CAAD-Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Carmela Rinaldi
- Aging Project, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Education and Research area, Health Professions Direction, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Daniela Ferrante
- Medical Statistics, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Paolo Ravanini
- Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Irene Lo Cigno
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvia Cavalieri
- Occupational Health Unit, Specialist Medical and Oncological Department, "Maggiore della Carità" University - Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Cinzia Borgogna
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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Marzano AV, Moltrasio C, Genovese G, De Andrea M, Caneparo V, Vezzoli P, Morotti D, Sena P, Venturini M, Battocchio S, Caputo V, Rizzo N, Maronese CA, Venegoni L, Boggio FL, Rongioletti F, Calzavara-Pinton P, Berti E. SARS-CoV-2 detection by digital polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry in skin biopsies from 52 patients with different COVID-19-associated cutaneous phenotypes. Dermatology 2023:000530746. [PMID: 37075721 DOI: 10.1159/000530746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COronaVIrus Disease 19 (COVID-19) is associated with a wide spectrum of skin manifestations, but SARS-CoV-2 RNA in lesional skin has been demonstrated only in few cases. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate SARS-CoV-2 presence in skin samples from patients with different COVID-19-related cutaneous phenotypes. METHODS Demographic and clinical data from 52 patients with COVID-19-associated cutaneous manifestations were collected. Immunohistochemistry and digital PCR (dPCR) were performed in all skin samples. RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) was used to confirm the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. RESULTS Twenty out of 52 (38%) patients presented SARS-CoV-2 positivity in the skin. Among these, 10/52 (19%) patients tested positive for spike protein on immunohistochemistry, five of whom had also positive testing on dPCR. Of the latter, one tested positive both for ISH and ACE-2 on immunohistochemistry while another one tested positive for nucleocapsid protein. Twelve patients showed positivity only for nucleocapsid protein on immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 was detected only in 38% of patients, without any association with a specific cutaneous phenotype, suggesting that the pathophysiology of cutaneous lesions mostly depends on the activation of the immune system. The combination of spike and nucleocapsid immunohistochemistry has higher diagnostic yield than dPCR. Skin persistence of SARS-CoV-2 may depend on timing of skin lesions, viral load and immune response.
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Borgogna C, Martuscelli L, Olivero C, Lo Cigno I, De Andrea M, Caneparo V, Boldorini R, Patel G, Gariglio M. Enhanced Spontaneous Skin Tumorigenesis and Aberrant Inflammatory Response to UVB Exposure in Immunosuppressed Human Papillomavirus Type 8‒Transgenic Mice. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 143:740-750.e4. [PMID: 36481357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) from the beta genus are commensal viruses of the skin usually associated with asymptomatic infection in the general population. However, in individuals with specific genetic backgrounds, such as patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis, or those with immune defects, such as organ transplant recipients, they are functionally involved in sunlight-induced skin cancer development, mainly keratinocyte carcinoma. Despite their well-established protumorigenic role, the cooperation between β-HPV infection, impaired host immunosurveillance, and UVB exposure has never been formally shown in animal models. In this study, by crossing skin-specific HPV8-transgenic mice with Rag2-deficient mice, we have generated a preclinical mouse model, named Rag2‒/‒:K14-HPV8. These mice display an unhealthy skin phenotype and spontaneously develop papilloma-like lesions spreading to the entire skin much more rapidly compared with Rag2+/+:K14-HPV8 mice. Exposure to low doses of UVB radiation is sufficient to trigger severe skin inflammation in Rag2‒/‒:K14-HPV8 but not in Rag2+/+:K14-HPV8 mice. Their inflamed skin very much resembled that observed in cutaneous field cancerization in organ transplant recipients, showing high levels of UVB-damaged cells, enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines, and mast cell recruitment to the dermis. Overall, this immunocompromised HPV8-transgenic mouse model shows that the coexistence of immune defects, β-HPV, and UVB exposure promotes skin cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Borgogna
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy
| | - Licia Martuscelli
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Olivero
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Lo Cigno
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco De Andrea
- Virology Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy
| | - Valeria Caneparo
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy
| | - Renzo Boldorini
- Pathology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy
| | - Girish Patel
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.
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Griffante G, Chandel S, Ferrante D, Caneparo V, Capello D, Bettio V, Borgogna C, Aleni C, Esposito S, Sarro A, Vasile A, Comba M, Testa T, Cotrupi G, De Andrea M, Bortoluzzi S, Gariglio M. Persistence of Neutralizing Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in First Wave Infected Individuals at Ten Months Post-Infection: The UnIRSA Cohort Study. Viruses 2021; 13:2270. [PMID: 34835076 PMCID: PMC8620452 DOI: 10.3390/v13112270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal mapping of antibody-based SARS-CoV-2 immunity is critical for public health control of the pandemic and vaccine development. We performed a longitudinal analysis of the antibody-based immune response in a cohort of 100 COVID-19 individuals who were infected during the first wave of infection in northern Italy. The SARS-CoV-2 humoral response was tested using the COVID-SeroIndex, Kantaro Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody RUO Kit (R&D Systems, Bio-Techne, Minneapolis, USA) and pseudotype-based neutralizing antibody assay. Using sequential serum samples collected from 100 COVID-19 recovered individuals from northern Italy-mostly with mild disease-at 2 and 10 months after their first positive PCR test, we show that 93% of them seroconverted at 2 months, with a geometric mean (GeoMean) half-maximal neutralization titer (NT50) of 387.9. Among the 35 unvaccinated subjects retested at 10 months, 7 resulted seronegative, with an 80% drop in seropositivity, while 28 showed decreased anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) and anti-spike (S) IgG titers, with a GeoMean NT50 neutralization titer dropping to 163.5. As an NT50 > 100 is known to confer protection from SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, our data show that the neutralizing activity elicited by the natural infection has lasted for at least 10 months in a large fraction of subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Griffante
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Shikha Chandel
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Daniela Ferrante
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Valeria Caneparo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Daniela Capello
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
- UPO Biobank, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Valentina Bettio
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
- UPO Biobank, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Cinzia Borgogna
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Chiara Aleni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Salvatore Esposito
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Andrea Sarro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Alessandra Vasile
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Marco Comba
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Tommaso Testa
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianmarco Cotrupi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Marco De Andrea
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Bortoluzzi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.G.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.); (D.C.); (V.B.); (C.B.); (C.A.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (T.T.); (G.C.)
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
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Iannucci A, Caneparo V, Raviola S, Debernardi I, Colangelo D, Miggiano R, Griffante G, Landolfo S, Gariglio M, De Andrea M. Toll-like receptor 4-mediated inflammation triggered by extracellular IFI16 is enhanced by lipopolysaccharide binding. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008811. [PMID: 32903274 PMCID: PMC7505474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous molecules activating the immune system upon release from injured cells. Here we show that the IFI16 protein, once freely released in the extracellular milieu of chronically inflamed tissues, can function as a DAMP either alone or upon binding to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Specifically, using pull-down and saturation binding experiments, we show that IFI16 binds with high affinity to the lipid A moiety of LPS. Remarkably, IFI16 DAMP activity is potentiated upon binding to subtoxic concentrations of strong TLR4-activating LPS variants, as judged by TLR4-MD2/TIRAP/MyD88-dependent IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α transcriptional activation and release in stimulated monocytes and renal cells. Consistently, using co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) approaches, we show that IFI16 is a specific TLR4-ligand and that IFI16/LPS complexes display a faster stimulation turnover on TLR4 than LPS alone. Altogether, our findings point to a novel pathomechanism of inflammation involving the formation of multiple complexes between extracellular IFI16 and subtoxic doses of LPS variants, which then signal through TLR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Iannucci
- CAAD—Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Valeria Caneparo
- CAAD—Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Stefano Raviola
- CAAD—Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Isacco Debernardi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Donato Colangelo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Miggiano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Gloria Griffante
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Santo Landolfo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- CAAD—Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco De Andrea
- CAAD—Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Medical School, Turin, Italy
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7
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De Andrea M, De Santis M, Caneparo V, Generali E, Sirotti S, Isailovic N, Guidelli GM, Ceribelli A, Fabbroni M, Simpatico A, Cantarini L, Gisondi P, Idolazzi L, Gariglio M, Selmi C. Serum IFI16 and anti-IFI16 antibodies in psoriatic arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 199:88-96. [PMID: 31571199 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear interferon-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) and anti-IFI16 antibodies have been detected in subjects with several rheumatic diseases, often correlating with disease severity, and in this study we investigated their prevalence and clinical associations in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) compared to psoriasis (Pso). We tested sera and synovial fluids of patients with PsA for IFI16 protein levels by capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and for anti-IFI16 immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgA by ELISA, protein radio-immunoprecipitation and immunoprecipitation-Western blot of IgG. Sera from patients with Pso and healthy subjects were used as controls, and in a subgroup of patients with PsA we also studied sera after treatment with etanercept. IFI16 was detectable in the sera of 66% of patients with Pso, 46% with PsA and 19% of controls. Among PsA cases, 51% of IFI16-positive cases had elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) compared to 31% of patients with undetectable IFI16. Anti-IFI16 of both IgG and IgA isoforms were detected with significantly higher frequency in PsA and Pso compared to healthy controls, with higher IgG titres in patients with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0·015). Immunoprecipitation confirmed the presence of anti-IFI16 IgG antibodies and these preferentially recognized epitopes outside the N-terminus of the protein. Lastly, IFI16 was detected in one of seven and anti-IFI16 in three of seven synovial fluids from patients with PsA. Therefore, IFI16 and anti-IFI16 are detectable in serum and synovial fluid of PsA patients, especially in cases of elevated CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M De Andrea
- Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.,Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - M De Santis
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - V Caneparo
- Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.,Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - E Generali
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - S Sirotti
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - N Isailovic
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - G M Guidelli
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - A Ceribelli
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - M Fabbroni
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - A Simpatico
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - L Cantarini
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - P Gisondi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - L Idolazzi
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M Gariglio
- Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.,Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - C Selmi
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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8
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Manfredi M, Conte E, Barberis E, Buzzi A, Robotti E, Caneparo V, Cecconi D, Brandi J, Vanni E, Finocchiaro M, Astegiano M, Gariglio M, Marengo E, De Andrea M. Integrated serum proteins and fatty acids analysis for putative biomarker discovery in inflammatory bowel disease. J Proteomics 2019; 195:138-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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9
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Caneparo V, Landolfo S, Gariglio M, De Andrea M. The Absent in Melanoma 2-Like Receptor IFN-Inducible Protein 16 as an Inflammasome Regulator in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Dark Side of Sensing Microbes. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1180. [PMID: 29892303 PMCID: PMC5985366 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2)-like receptors (ALRs) are a newly characterized class of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) involved in cytosolic and nuclear pathogen DNA recognition. In recent years, two ALR family members, the interferon (IFN)-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) and AIM2, have been linked to the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, among which systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has recently gained increasing attention. SLE patients are indeed often characterized by constitutively high serum IFN levels and increased expression of IFN-stimulated genes due to an abnormal response to pathogens and/or incorrect self-DNA recognition process. Consistently, we and others have shown that IFI16 is overexpressed in a wide range of autoimmune diseases where it triggers production of specific autoantibodies. In addition, evidence from mouse models supports a model whereby ALRs are required for IFN-mediated host response to both exogenous and endogenous DNA. Following interaction with cytoplasmic or nuclear nucleic acids, ALRs can form a functional inflammasome through association with the adaptor ASC [apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (CARD)] and with procaspase-1. Importantly, inflammasome-mediated upregulation of IL-1β and IL-18 production positively correlates with SLE disease severity. Therefore, targeting ALR sensors and their downstream pathways represents a promising alternative therapeutic approach for SLE and other systemic autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Caneparo
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy.,Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.,Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Santo Landolfo
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.,Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco De Andrea
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy.,Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.,Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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10
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Alunno A, Bartoloni E, Bistoni O, Gerli R, Caneparo V, Carubbi F, Landolfo S. Relevance of Interferon-Inducible Protein-16 Rather than Anti-Interferon-Inducible Protein-16 Autoantibodies as a Clinical and Pathogenic Biomarker in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Comment on the Article by Baer et al. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2017; 69:453-454. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.22918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Alunno A, Caneparo V, Bistoni O, Caterbi S, Terenzi R, Gariglio M, Bartoloni E, Manzo A, Landolfo S, Gerli R. Circulating Interferon-Inducible Protein IFI16 Correlates With Clinical and Serological Features in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2016; 68:440-5. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.22695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Manzo
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation/University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
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12
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Alunno A, Caneparo V, Carubbi F, Bistoni O, Caterbi S, Gariglio M, Bartoloni E, Landolfo S, Gerli R. Interferon gamma-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) and anti-IFI16 antibodies in primary Sjögren's syndrome: findings in serum and minor salivary glands. Reumatismo 2015; 67:85-90. [PMID: 26876186 DOI: 10.4081/reumatismo.2015.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The interferon (IFN) signature, namely the overexpression of IFN-inducible genes is a crucial aspect in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). The IFN-inducible IFI16 protein, normally expressed in cell nuclei, may be overexpressed, mislocalized in the cytoplasm and secreted in the extracellular milieu in several autoimmune disorders including pSS. This leads to tolerance breaking to this self-protein and development of anti-IFI16 antibodies. The aim of this study was to identify pathogenic and clinical significance of IFI16 and anti-IFI16 autoantibodies in pSS. IFI16 and anti-IFI16 were assessed in the serum of 30 pSS patients and one-hundred healthy donors (HD) by ELISA. IFI16 was also evaluated in 5 minor salivary glands (MSGs) of pSS patients and 5 MSGs of non-pSS patients with sicca symptoms by immunohistochemistry. Normal MSGs do not constitutively express IFI16. Conversely, in pSS-MSGs a marked expression and cytoplasmic mislocalization of IFI16 by epithelial cells was observed with infiltrations in lymphocytes and peri/ intra-lesional endothelium. pSS patients display higher serum levels of both IFI16 and anti-IFI16 autoantibodies compared to HD. Our data suggest that IFI16 protein may be involved in the initiation and perpetuation of glandular inflammation occurring in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alunno
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia.
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13
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Caneparo V, Alunno A, Bistoni O, Caterbi S, Terenzi R, Gariglio M, Bartoloni E, Gerli R, Landolfo S. ID: 40. Cytokine 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Alunno A, Caneparo V, Carubbi F, Bistoni O, Caterbi S, Bartoloni E, Giacomelli R, Gariglio M, Landolfo S, Gerli R. Interferon gamma-inducible protein 16 in primary Sjögren's syndrome: a novel player in disease pathogenesis? Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:208. [PMID: 26271464 PMCID: PMC4536589 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0722-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is evidence that interferon is involved in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). The interferon-inducible IFI16 protein, normally expressed in cell nuclei, may be overexpressed, mislocalized in the cytoplasm and secreted in the extracellular milieu in several autoimmune disorders. This leads to tolerance breaking to this self-protein with consequent development of anti-IFI16 antibodies. The aim of this study was to identify the pathogenic and clinical significance of IFI16 and anti-IFI16 in pSS. Methods IFI16 and anti-IFI16 were assessed in the serum of 67 pSS patients and over 100 healthy donors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IFI16 was also evaluated by immunohistochemistry in minor salivary glands of 15 pSS patients and 10 subjects with sicca symptoms but without any clinical, serological or histological features of pSS. Results pSS patients display higher serum levels of both IFI16 and anti-IFI16 compared to healthy donors. IFI16 concentration was directly correlated with disease duration and focus score and inversely correlated with age at diagnosis. Moreover, IFI16 positivity was associated with concurrent positivity for rheumatoid factor. Interestingly, the direct correlation between IFI16 positivity and focus score was independent of disease duration and age at diagnosis. pSS minor salivary glands display marked expression and cytoplasmic mislocalization of IFI16 by acinar and ductal epithelial cells as well as infiltrating lymphocytes and peri/intralesional endothelium compared to minor salivary glands with normal architecture or nonspecific chronic sialadenitis. Within the mononuclear cell infiltrate, IFI16 expression appears to parallel the distribution of T lymphocytes. Conclusion Our data suggest that the IFI16 protein may be involved in the pathogenesis of glandular inflammation occurring in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Alunno
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Valeria Caneparo
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.
| | - Francesco Carubbi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Onelia Bistoni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Sara Caterbi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Elena Bartoloni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.
| | - Santo Landolfo
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy.
| | - Roberto Gerli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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Alunno A, Caneparo V, Carubbi F, Bistoni O, Caterbi S, Bartoloni E, Giacomelli R, Gariglio M, Landolfo S, Gerli R. SAT0377 Interferon Gamma-Inducible Protein 16 (IFI16) in Primary SjÖgren's Syndrome: A Novel Player in Disease Pathogenesis? Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Alunno A, Caneparo V, Bistoni O, Caterbi S, Terenzi R, Bartoloni E, Gariglio M, Landolfo S, Gerli R. FRI0024 Interferon Gamma-Inducible Protein 16 (IFI16) in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Novel Biomarker for Pulmonary Involvement? Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.1811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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17
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Bawadekar M, De Andrea M, Lo Cigno I, Baldanzi G, Caneparo V, Graziani A, Landolfo S, Gariglio M. The Extracellular IFI16 Protein Propagates Inflammation in Endothelial Cells Via p38 MAPK and NF-κB p65 Activation. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2015; 35:441-53. [PMID: 25715050 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2014.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear interferon-inducible-16 (IFI16) protein acts as DNA sensor in inflammasome signaling and as viral restriction factor. Following Herpesvirus infection or UV-B treatment, IFI16 delocalizes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and is eventually released into the extracellular milieu. Recently, our group has demonstrated the occurrence of IFI16 in sera of systemic-autoimmune patients that hampers biological activity of endothelia through high-affinity membrane binding. As a continuation, we studied the activity of endotoxin-free recombinant IFI16 (rIFI16) protein on primary endothelial cells. rIFI16 caused dose/time-dependent upregulation of IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, CCL5, CCL20, ICAM1, VCAM1, and TLR4, while secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 was amplified with lipopolysaccharide synergy. Overall, cytokine secretion was completely inhibited in MyD88-silenced cells and partially by TLR4-neutralizing antibodies. By screening downstream signaling pathways, we found that IFI16 activates p38, p44/42 MAP kinases, and NF-kB. In particular, activation of p38 is an early event required for subsequent p44/42 MAP kinases activity and cytokine induction indicating a key role of this kinase in IFI16 signaling. Altogether, our data conclude that extracellular IFI16 protein alone or by synergy with lipopolysaccharide acts like Damage-associated molecular patterns propagating "Danger Signal" through MyD88-dependent TLR-pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandar Bawadekar
- 1 Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont , Novara, Italy .,2 Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD) , Novara, Italy .,3 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Wisconsin
| | - Marco De Andrea
- 4 Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin , Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Lo Cigno
- 1 Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont , Novara, Italy .,2 Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD) , Novara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Baldanzi
- 1 Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont , Novara, Italy
| | - Valeria Caneparo
- 1 Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont , Novara, Italy .,2 Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD) , Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Graziani
- 1 Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont , Novara, Italy
| | - Santo Landolfo
- 4 Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin , Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- 1 Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont , Novara, Italy .,2 Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD) , Novara, Italy
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18
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Meroni P, Chighizola C, Schioppo T, Artusi C, Caneparo V, Gariglio M, Gualtierotti R, Lubatti C, Ingegnoli F, Zeni S, Borghi M. AB0830 Role of anti-IFI16 antibodies and NT-PROBNP as candidate biomarkers in systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Caneparo V, Cena T, De Andrea M, Dell'Oste V, Stratta P, Quaglia M, Tincani A, Andreoli L, Ceffa S, Taraborelli M, Magnani C, Landolfo S, Gariglio M. Anti-IFI16 antibodies and their relation to disease characteristics in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2013; 22:607-13. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203313484978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Several studies have shown the presence of anti-IFI16 antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren Syndrome (SjS), systemic sclerosis (SSc) and other autoimmune diseases. However, the significance of anti-IFI16 antibodies in SLE has not been fully characterized. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between anti-IFI16 antibodies and clinical and serologic parameters of SLE. Methods An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was used to measure anti-IFI16 antibodies in the sera of 168 SLE patients, 46 patients with any type of primary glomerulonephritis (GN) and 182 healthy controls (HCs). Associations between anti-IFI16 antibodies and clinical and serologic parameters of SLE were statistically evaluated using both univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Significantly higher anti-IFI16 titres were observed in SLE patients compared to both non-SLE GN and HCs (median levels: 270.1 U/ml vs 132.1 U/ml, p = 0.001, and 52.9 U/ml, p < 0.0001, respectively). With cut-off levels corresponding to the 95th percentile of the control population (113 U/ml), 63% of the SLE patients tested positive for anti-IFI16 autoantibodies, compared to just 24% of patients with primary non-SLE GN and 5% of HCs. The presence of anti-IFI16 antibodies inversely correlated with proteinuria (univariate analysis) and C3 hypocomplementaemia (univariate and multivariate analyses). Conclusions The inverse correlations observed between anti-IFI16 positivity, proteinuria and C3 hypocomplementaemia suggest that anti-IFI16 antibodies do not contribute to renal inflammation in SLE; indeed they may even prevent complement consumption. Anti-IFI16 antibodies hold the potential to serve as a new biomarker of disease activity in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Caneparo
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical School of Novara, Italy
- NoToPharm s.r.l, Italy
| | - T Cena
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical School of Novara, Italy
- Unit of Medical Statistics and Cancer Epidemiology, University-Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, Italy
| | - M De Andrea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical School of Novara, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Medical School of Turin, Italy
| | - V Dell'Oste
- NoToPharm s.r.l, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Medical School of Turin, Italy
| | - P Stratta
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical School of Novara, Italy
- Nephrology Unit, University-Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, Italy
| | - M Quaglia
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical School of Novara, Italy
- Nephrology Unit, University-Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, Italy
| | - A Tincani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, Italy
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Spedali Civili, Italy
| | - L Andreoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, Italy
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Spedali Civili, Italy
| | - S Ceffa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, Italy
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Spedali Civili, Italy
| | - M Taraborelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, Italy
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Spedali Civili, Italy
| | - C Magnani
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical School of Novara, Italy
- Unit of Medical Statistics and Cancer Epidemiology, University-Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Medical School of Novara, Italy
| | - S Landolfo
- NoToPharm s.r.l, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Medical School of Turin, Italy
| | - M Gariglio
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical School of Novara, Italy
- NoToPharm s.r.l, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Medical School of Novara, Italy
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20
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Rittà M, Landolfo V, Mazibrada J, De Andrea M, Dell'Oste V, Caneparo V, Peretti A, Giordano C, Pecorari G, Garzaro M, Landolfo S. Human papillomavirus tumor-infiltrating T-regulatory lymphocytes and P53 codon 72 polymorphisms correlate with clinical staging and prognosis of oropharyngeal cancer. New Microbiol 2013; 36:133-144. [PMID: 23686119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA positivity, p53 codon 72 polymorphisms, and the type of leukocyte infiltration in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and their combined impact upon patient survival is poorly investigated. For this reason, leukocyte infiltration profile and p53 codon 72 polymorphisms were assessed in freshly removed HNSCC specimens (N=71 patients). HPV detection was performed by nested-PCR followed by DNA sequencing. Viral loads were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. The choice to investigate fresh instead of archive paraffin-embedded specimens was privileged to avoid possible artifacts due to sample processing. HPV DNA was detected in 14% of cases. Oropharyngeal carcinomas were the most frequently associated with the presence of HPV16 DNA (41%) and were associated with p53 Pro/Pro or Pro/Arg polymorphisms. In HPV16-positive oropharyngeal carcinomas increased infiltrations of CD3+ and FoxP3+ T-cells correlated with higher HPV16 copy numbers. The presence of HPV may trigger a stronger immune response and may be considered a reliable marker for clinical staging and a more favorable prognosis of oropharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Rittà
- Department of Public Health and Microbiology, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy
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21
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Costa S, Mondini M, Caneparo V, Afeltra A, Airo P, Bellisai F, Faggioli P, Gerli R, Lotzniker M, Meroni PL, Morozzi G, Radice A, Riccieri V, Scarsi M, Sebastiani GD, Sinico RA, Tincani A, Gariglio M, Landolfo S. Detection of anti-IFI16 antibodies by ELISA: clinical and serological associations in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010; 50:674-81. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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