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Fazolo T, Lima K, Fontoura JC, de Souza PO, Hilario G, Zorzetto R, Júnior LR, Pscheidt VM, de Castilhos Ferreira Neto J, Haubert AF, Gambin I, Oliveira AC, Mello RS, de Bastos Balbe E Gutierres M, Gassen RB, Coimbra LD, Borin A, Marques RE, Sartor ITS, Zavaglia GO, Fernandes IR, Nakaya HI, Varela FH, Polese-Bonatto M, Borges TJ, Callegari-Jacques SM, da Costa MSC, de Araujo Schwartz J, Scotta MC, Stein RT, Bonorino C. Pediatric COVID-19 patients in South Brazil show abundant viral mRNA and strong specific anti-viral responses. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6844. [PMID: 34824230 PMCID: PMC8617275 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 manifests as a milder disease in children than adults, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully characterized. Here we assess the difference in cellular or humoral immune responses of pediatric and adult COVID-19 patients to see if these factors contribute to the severity dichotomy. Children's non-specific immune profile is dominated by naive lymphocytes and HLA-DRhighCX3CR1low dendritic cells; meanwhile, children show strong specific antibody and T cell responses for viral structural proteins, with their T cell responses differing from adults by having weaker CD8+TNF+ T cells responses to S peptide pool but stronger responses to N and M peptide pools. Finally, viral mRNA is more abundant in pediatric patients. Our data thus support a scenario in which SARS-CoV-2 infected children contribute to transmission yet are less susceptible to COVID-19 symptoms due to strong and differential responses to the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Fazolo
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Karina Lima
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Julia C Fontoura
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Priscila Oliveira de Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Hilario
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Renata Zorzetto
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luiz Rodrigues Júnior
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Veridiane Maria Pscheidt
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jayme de Castilhos Ferreira Neto
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alisson F Haubert
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Izza Gambin
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aline C Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Raissa S Mello
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matheus de Bastos Balbe E Gutierres
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Benedetti Gassen
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lais Durço Coimbra
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Borin
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Elias Marques
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Helder I Nakaya
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Jardim Leonor, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Hammes Varela
- Social Responsibility - PROADI-SUS, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Márcia Polese-Bonatto
- Social Responsibility - PROADI-SUS, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thiago J Borges
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Marcela Santos Correa da Costa
- Coordenação-Geral do Programa Nacional de Imunizações, Departamento de Imunizações e doenças transmissíveis, Secretaria de vigilância em saúde - Ministério da Saúde (CGPNI/DEIDT/SVS/MS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline de Araujo Schwartz
- Coordenação-Geral do Programa Nacional de Imunizações, Departamento de Imunizações e doenças transmissíveis, Secretaria de vigilância em saúde - Ministério da Saúde (CGPNI/DEIDT/SVS/MS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Comerlato Scotta
- Social Responsibility - PROADI-SUS, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Renato T Stein
- Social Responsibility - PROADI-SUS, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristina Bonorino
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Diego - UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Pscheidt VM, Gregianini TS, Martins LG, Veiga ABGD. Epidemiology of human adenovirus associated with respiratory infection in southern Brazil. Rev Med Virol 2020; 31:e2189. [PMID: 33156553 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are associated with respiratory infection in the human population worldwide, but HAdV is underreported and less studied than other respiratory viruses. We investigated HAdV in patients with respiratory infection in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, between 2004 and 2018. The frequency and seasonality of HAdV, clinical symptoms and underlying diseases were analysed. Respiratory samples from outpatients with acute respiratory illness (ARI) who attended sentinel units and from inpatients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) were collected for HAdV detection by immunofluorescence assay; demographic and clinical data were analysed. In total, 43,514 cases of respiratory infection were analysed, of which 8,901 were ARI (20.5%), and 34,613 (79.5%) were SARI. Respiratory viruses were detected in 35.8% of the cases. The frequency of HAdV in relation to respiratory viruses was 2.8%. HAdV circulated year-round, with higher frequency during winter and early spring; increases in the average monthly temperature were associated with decreases in HAdV infections (p = 0.013). Most hospitalized patients with HAdV were male (p = 0.003). HAdV infection showed association with age (p < 0.001), and children between 1 and 5 years old accounted for 30.8% of the outpatients, whereas among cases of SARI, 88.2% were paediatric patients. Among inpatients with HAdV, 3% died, and of these, the majority had at least one underlying condition, such as cardiopathy and immunosuppression. HAdV infection of the respiratory tract causes morbidity and mortality, and individuals with heart diseases and the immunocompromised are at higher risk of fatality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veridiane Maria Pscheidt
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul-LACEN/CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Letícia Garay Martins
- Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul - CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Gorini da Veiga
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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