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Barbeito P, Martin-Morales R, Palencia-Campos A, Cerrolaza J, Rivas-Santos C, Gallego-Colastra L, Caparros-Martin JA, Martin-Bravo C, Martin-Hurtado A, Sánchez-Bellver L, Marfany G, Ruiz-Perez VL, Garcia-Gonzalo FR. EVC-EVC2 complex stability and ciliary targeting are regulated by modification with ubiquitin and SUMO. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1190258. [PMID: 37576597 PMCID: PMC10413113 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1190258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellis van Creveld syndrome and Weyers acrofacial dysostosis are two rare genetic diseases affecting skeletal development. They are both ciliopathies, as they are due to malfunction of primary cilia, microtubule-based plasma membrane protrusions that function as cellular antennae and are required for Hedgehog signaling, a key pathway during skeletal morphogenesis. These ciliopathies are caused by mutations affecting the EVC-EVC2 complex, a transmembrane protein heterodimer that regulates Hedgehog signaling from inside primary cilia. Despite the importance of this complex, the mechanisms underlying its stability, targeting and function are poorly understood. To address this, we characterized the endogenous EVC protein interactome in control and Evc-null cells. This proteomic screen confirmed EVC's main known interactors (EVC2, IQCE, EFCAB7), while revealing new ones, including USP7, a deubiquitinating enzyme involved in Hedgehog signaling. We therefore looked at EVC-EVC2 complex ubiquitination. Such ubiquitination exists but is independent of USP7 (and of USP48, also involved in Hh signaling). We did find, however, that monoubiquitination of EVC-EVC2 cytosolic tails greatly reduces their protein levels. On the other hand, modification of EVC-EVC2 cytosolic tails with the small ubiquitin-related modifier SUMO3 has a different effect, enhancing complex accumulation at the EvC zone, immediately distal to the ciliary transition zone, possibly via increased binding to the EFCAB7-IQCE complex. Lastly, we find that EvC zone targeting of EVC-EVC2 depends on two separate EFCAB7-binding motifs within EVC2's Weyers-deleted peptide. Only one of these motifs had been characterized previously, so we have mapped the second herein. Altogether, our data shed light on EVC-EVC2 complex regulatory mechanisms, with implications for ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Barbeito
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Martin-Morales
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrian Palencia-Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Cerrolaza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Rivas-Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Gallego-Colastra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Caparros-Martin
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Martin-Bravo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martin-Hurtado
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-Bellver
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Marfany
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina—Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IBUB-IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- DBGen Ocular Genomics, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor L. Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc R. Garcia-Gonzalo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
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2
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Iturrate A, Rivera-Barahona A, Flores CL, Otaify GA, Elhossini R, Perez-Sanz ML, Nevado J, Tenorio-Castano J, Triviño JC, Garcia-Gonzalo FR, Piceci-Sparascio F, De Luca A, Martínez L, Kalaycı T, Lapunzina P, Altunoglu U, Aglan M, Abdalla E, Ruiz-Perez VL. Mutations in SCNM1 cause orofaciodigital syndrome due to minor intron splicing defects affecting primary cilia. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:1828-1849. [PMID: 36084634 PMCID: PMC9606384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Orofaciodigital syndrome (OFD) is a genetically heterogeneous ciliopathy characterized by anomalies of the oral cavity, face, and digits. We describe individuals with OFD from three unrelated families having bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in SCNM1 as the cause of their condition. SCNM1 encodes a protein recently shown to be a component of the human minor spliceosome. However, so far the effect of loss of SCNM1 function on human cells had not been assessed. Using a comparative transcriptome analysis between fibroblasts derived from an OFD-affected individual harboring SCNM1 mutations and control fibroblasts, we identified a set of genes with defective minor intron (U12) processing in the fibroblasts of the affected subject. These results were reproduced in SCNM1 knockout hTERT RPE-1 (RPE-1) cells engineered by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated editing and in SCNM1 siRNA-treated RPE-1 cultures. Notably, expression of TMEM107 and FAM92A encoding primary cilia and basal body proteins, respectively, and that of DERL2, ZC3H8, and C17orf75, were severely reduced in SCNM1-deficient cells. Primary fibroblasts containing SCNM1 mutations, as well as SCNM1 knockout and SCNM1 knockdown RPE-1 cells, were also found with abnormally elongated cilia. Conversely, cilia length and expression of SCNM1-regulated genes were restored in SCNM1-deficient fibroblasts following reintroduction of SCNM1 via retroviral delivery. Additionally, functional analysis in SCNM1-retrotransduced fibroblasts showed that SCNM1 is a positive mediator of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Our findings demonstrate that defective U12 intron splicing can lead to a typical ciliopathy such as OFD and reveal that primary cilia length and Hh signaling are regulated by the minor spliceosome through SCNM1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Iturrate
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rivera-Barahona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen-Lisset Flores
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ghada A. Otaify
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics and Genome Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elhossini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics and Genome Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marina L. Perez-Sanz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Nevado
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, ITHACA-ERN, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jair Tenorio-Castano
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, ITHACA-ERN, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francesc R. Garcia-Gonzalo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Área de Cáncer y Genética Molecular Humana, Instituto de Investigaciones del Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Piceci-Sparascio
- Medical Genetics Division, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy,Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Medical Genetics Division, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Martínez
- Departamento de Cirugía Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, ITHACA-ERN, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tugba Kalaycı
- Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34093, Turkey
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, ITHACA-ERN, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Umut Altunoglu
- Medical Genetics Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Mona Aglan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics and Genome Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtesam Abdalla
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt,Genetics Department, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Victor L. Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, ITHACA-ERN, 28046 Madrid, Spain,Corresponding author
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3
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Happ JT, Arveseth CD, Bruystens J, Bertinetti D, Nelson IB, Olivieri C, Zhang J, Hedeen DS, Zhu JF, Capener JL, Bröckel JW, Vu L, King CC, Ruiz-Perez VL, Ge X, Veglia G, Herberg FW, Taylor SS, Myers BR. A PKA inhibitor motif within SMOOTHENED controls Hedgehog signal transduction. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2022; 29:990-999. [PMID: 36202993 PMCID: PMC9696579 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-022-00838-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) cascade is central to development, tissue homeostasis and cancer. A pivotal step in Hh signal transduction is the activation of glioma-associated (GLI) transcription factors by the atypical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) SMOOTHENED (SMO). How SMO activates GLI remains unclear. Here we show that SMO uses a decoy substrate sequence to physically block the active site of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) catalytic subunit (PKA-C) and extinguish its enzymatic activity. As a result, GLI is released from phosphorylation-induced inhibition. Using a combination of in vitro, cellular and organismal models, we demonstrate that interfering with SMO-PKA pseudosubstrate interactions prevents Hh signal transduction. The mechanism uncovered echoes one used by the Wnt cascade, revealing an unexpected similarity in how these two essential developmental and cancer pathways signal intracellularly. More broadly, our findings define a mode of GPCR-PKA communication that may be harnessed by a range of membrane receptors and kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Happ
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Corvin D Arveseth
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jessica Bruystens
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Bertinetti
- Institute for Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Isaac B Nelson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Cristina Olivieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Danielle S Hedeen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ju-Fen Zhu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jacob L Capener
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jan W Bröckel
- Institute for Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Lily Vu
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - C C King
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols,' Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xuecai Ge
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Gianluigi Veglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Friedrich W Herberg
- Institute for Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Susan S Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Benjamin R Myers
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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4
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Kague E, Turci F, Newman E, Yang Y, Brown KR, Aglan MS, Otaify GA, Temtamy SA, Ruiz-Perez VL, Cross S, Royall CP, Witten PE, Hammond CL. 3D assessment of intervertebral disc degeneration in zebrafish identifies changes in bone density that prime disc disease. Bone Res 2021; 9:39. [PMID: 34465741 PMCID: PMC8408153 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00156-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Back pain is a common condition with a high social impact and represents a global health burden. Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is one of the major causes of back pain; no therapeutics are currently available to reverse this disease. The impact of bone mineral density (BMD) on IVDD has been controversial, with some studies suggesting osteoporosis as causative for IVDD and others suggesting it as protective for IVDD. Functional studies to evaluate the influence of genetic components of BMD in IVDD could highlight opportunities for drug development and repurposing. By taking a holistic 3D approach, we established an aging zebrafish model for spontaneous IVDD. Increased BMD in aging, detected by automated computational analysis, is caused by bone deformities at the endplates. However, aged zebrafish spines showed changes in bone morphology, microstructure, mineral heterogeneity, and increased fragility that resembled osteoporosis. Elements of the discs recapitulated IVDD symptoms found in humans: the intervertebral ligament (equivalent to the annulus fibrosus) showed disorganized collagen fibers and herniation, while the disc center (nucleus pulposus equivalent) showed dehydration and cellular abnormalities. We manipulated BMD in young zebrafish by mutating sp7 and cathepsin K, leading to low and high BMD, respectively. Remarkably, we detected IVDD in both groups, demonstrating that low BMD does not protect against IVDD, and we found a strong correlation between high BMD and IVDD. Deep learning was applied to high-resolution synchrotron µCT image data to analyze osteocyte 3D lacunar distribution and morphology, revealing a role of sp7 in controlling the osteocyte lacunar 3D profile. Our findings suggest potential avenues through which bone quality can be targeted to identify beneficial therapeutics for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Kague
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Francesco Turci
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Elis Newman
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Yushi Yang
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Centre for Nanoscience and Quantum Information, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Robson Brown
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mona S. Aglan
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada A. Otaify
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samia A. Temtamy
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Victor L. Ruiz-Perez
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Instituto de Investigaciones, Biomedicas de Madrid, and Ciber de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephen Cross
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Wolfson Bioimaging Facility, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - C. Patrick Royall
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - P. Eckhard Witten
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chrissy L. Hammond
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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5
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Horn D, Fernández-Núñez E, Gomez-Carmona R, Rivera-Barahona A, Nevado J, Schwartzmann S, Ehmke N, Lapunzina P, Otaify GA, Temtamy S, Aglan M, Boschann F, Ruiz-Perez VL. Biallelic truncating variants in MAPKAPK5 cause a new developmental disorder involving neurological, cardiac, and facial anomalies combined with synpolydactyly. Genet Med 2021; 23:679-688. [PMID: 33442026 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-020-01052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the genetic cause of a new multiple congenital anomalies syndrome observed in three individuals from two unrelated families. METHODS Clinical assessment was conducted prenatally and at different postnatal stages. Genetic studies included exome sequencing (ES) combined with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array based homozygosity mapping and trio ES. Dermal fibroblasts were used for functional assays. RESULTS A clinically recognizable syndrome characterized by severe developmental delay, variable brain anomalies, congenital heart defects, dysmorphic facial features, and a distinctive type of synpolydactyly with an additional hypoplastic digit between the fourth and fifth digits of hands and/or feet was identified. Additional features included eye abnormalities, hearing impairment, and electroencephalogram anomalies. ES detected different homozygous truncating variants in MAPKAPK5 in both families. Patient-derived cells showed no expression of MAPKAPK5 protein isoforms and reduced levels of the MAPKAPK5-interacting protein ERK3. F-actin recovery after latrunculin B treatment was found to be less efficient in patient-derived fibroblasts than in control cells, supporting a role of MAPKAPK5 in F-actin polymerization. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that loss-of-function variants in MAPKAPK5 result in a severe developmental disorder and reveal a major role of this gene in human brain, heart, and limb development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Horn
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Elisa Fernández-Núñez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Gomez-Carmona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rivera-Barahona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Nevado
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.,ITHACA, European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability, Paris, France
| | - Sarina Schwartzmann
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadja Ehmke
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.,ITHACA, European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability, Paris, France
| | - Ghada A Otaify
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samia Temtamy
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Aglan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Felix Boschann
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain. .,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain. .,ITHACA, European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability, Paris, France.
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6
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van Dijk FS, Semler O, Etich J, Köhler A, Jimenez-Estrada JA, Bravenboer N, Claeys L, Riesebos E, Gegic S, Piersma SR, Jimenez CR, Waisfisz Q, Flores CL, Nevado J, Harsevoort AJ, Janus GJ, Franken AA, van der Sar AM, Meijers-Heijboer H, Heath KE, Lapunzina P, Nikkels PG, Santen GW, Nüchel J, Plomann M, Wagener R, Rehberg M, Hoyer-Kuhn H, Eekhoff EM, Pals G, Mörgelin M, Newstead S, Wilson BT, Ruiz-Perez VL, Maugeri A, Netzer C, Zaucke F, Micha D. Interaction between KDELR2 and HSP47 as a Key Determinant in Osteogenesis Imperfecta Caused by Bi-allelic Variants in KDELR2. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:989-999. [PMID: 33053334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is characterized primarily by susceptibility to fractures with or without bone deformation. OI is genetically heterogeneous: over 20 genetic causes are recognized. We identified bi-allelic pathogenic KDELR2 variants as a cause of OI in four families. KDELR2 encodes KDEL endoplasmic reticulum protein retention receptor 2, which recycles ER-resident proteins with a KDEL-like peptide from the cis-Golgi to the ER through COPI retrograde transport. Analysis of patient primary fibroblasts showed intracellular decrease of HSP47 and FKBP65 along with reduced procollagen type I in culture media. Electron microscopy identified an abnormal quality of secreted collagen fibrils with increased amount of HSP47 bound to monomeric and multimeric collagen molecules. Mapping the identified KDELR2 variants onto the crystal structure of G. gallus KDELR2 indicated that these lead to an inactive receptor resulting in impaired KDELR2-mediated Golgi-ER transport. Therefore, in KDELR2-deficient individuals, OI most likely occurs because of the inability of HSP47 to bind KDELR2 and dissociate from collagen type I. Instead, HSP47 remains bound to collagen molecules extracellularly, disrupting fiber formation. This highlights the importance of intracellular recycling of ER-resident molecular chaperones for collagen type I and bone metabolism and a crucial role of HSP47 in the KDELR2-associated pathogenic mechanism leading to OI.
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7
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Palencia-Campos A, Aoto PC, Machal EMF, Rivera-Barahona A, Soto-Bielicka P, Bertinetti D, Baker B, Vu L, Piceci-Sparascio F, Torrente I, Boudin E, Peeters S, Van Hul W, Huber C, Bonneau D, Hildebrand MS, Coleman M, Bahlo M, Bennett MF, Schneider AL, Scheffer IE, Kibæk M, Kristiansen BS, Issa MY, Mehrez MI, Ismail S, Tenorio J, Li G, Skålhegg BS, Otaify GA, Temtamy S, Aglan M, Jønch AE, De Luca A, Mortier G, Cormier-Daire V, Ziegler A, Wallis M, Lapunzina P, Herberg FW, Taylor SS, Ruiz-Perez VL. Germline and Mosaic Variants in PRKACA and PRKACB Cause a Multiple Congenital Malformation Syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:977-988. [PMID: 33058759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PRKACA and PRKACB code for two catalytic subunits (Cα and Cβ) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), a pleiotropic holoenzyme that regulates numerous fundamental biological processes such as metabolism, development, memory, and immune response. We report seven unrelated individuals presenting with a multiple congenital malformation syndrome in whom we identified heterozygous germline or mosaic missense variants in PRKACA or PRKACB. Three affected individuals were found with the same PRKACA variant, and the other four had different PRKACB mutations. In most cases, the mutations arose de novo, and two individuals had offspring with the same condition. Nearly all affected individuals and their affected offspring shared an atrioventricular septal defect or a common atrium along with postaxial polydactyly. Additional features included skeletal abnormalities and ectodermal defects of variable severity in five individuals, cognitive deficit in two individuals, and various unusual tumors in one individual. We investigated the structural and functional consequences of the variants identified in PRKACA and PRKACB through the use of several computational and experimental approaches, and we found that they lead to PKA holoenzymes which are more sensitive to activation by cAMP than are the wild-type proteins. Furthermore, expression of PRKACA or PRKACB variants detected in the affected individuals inhibited hedgehog signaling in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, thereby providing an underlying mechanism for the developmental defects observed in these cases. Our findings highlight the importance of both Cα and Cβ subunits of PKA during human development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Palencia-Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, 28029, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Phillip C Aoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9400 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0654, USA
| | - Erik M F Machal
- Institute for Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, 34132, Germany
| | - Ana Rivera-Barahona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, 28029, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Patricia Soto-Bielicka
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Daniela Bertinetti
- Institute for Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, 34132, Germany
| | - Blaine Baker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9400 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0654, USA
| | - Lily Vu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9400 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0654, USA
| | - Francesca Piceci-Sparascio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Foundation, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Isabella Torrente
- Medical Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Foundation, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Eveline Boudin
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Edegem, 2650, Belgium
| | - Silke Peeters
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Edegem, 2650, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Hul
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Edegem, 2650, Belgium
| | - Celine Huber
- Clinical Genetics and Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, 75015, France; Université De Paris, INSERM UMR1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Dominique Bonneau
- Biochemistry and Genetics Department, Angers Hospital, Angers Cedex 9, 49933, France; UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM U1083, MitoVasc Institute, Angers University, Angers Cedex 9, 49933, France
| | - Michael S Hildebrand
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew Coleman
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark F Bennett
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia; Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy L Schneider
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ingrid E Scheffer
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria Kibæk
- Children's Hospital of H.C. Andersen, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Britta S Kristiansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Mahmoud Y Issa
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mennat I Mehrez
- Department of Oro-dental Genetics, Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research. Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Samira Ismail
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Jair Tenorio
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain; Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28046, Spain; ITHACA, European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability
| | - Gaoyang Li
- Division for Molecular Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway
| | - Bjørn Steen Skålhegg
- Division for Molecular Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway
| | - Ghada A Otaify
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Samia Temtamy
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mona Aglan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Center of Excellence for Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Aia E Jønch
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Medical Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Foundation, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Geert Mortier
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Edegem, 2650, Belgium; Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, 2650, Belgium
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- Clinical Genetics and Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, 75015, France; Université De Paris, INSERM UMR1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Alban Ziegler
- Biochemistry and Genetics Department, Angers Hospital, Angers Cedex 9, 49933, France; UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM U1083, MitoVasc Institute, Angers University, Angers Cedex 9, 49933, France
| | - Mathew Wallis
- School of Medicine and Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia; Clinical Genetics Service, Austin Health, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain; Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28046, Spain; ITHACA, European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability
| | - Friedrich W Herberg
- Institute for Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, 34132, Germany
| | - Susan S Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9400 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0654, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9400 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0654, USA
| | - Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, 28029, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain; Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28046, Spain; ITHACA, European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability.
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8
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Piceci-Sparascio F, Palencia-Campos A, Soto-Bielicka P, D'Anzi A, Guida V, Rosati J, Caparros-Martin JA, Torrente I, D'Asdia MC, Versacci P, Briuglia S, Lapunzina P, Tartaglia M, Marino B, Digilio MC, Ruiz-Perez VL, De Luca A. Common atrium/atrioventricular canal defect and postaxial polydactyly: A mild clinical subtype of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome caused by hypomorphic mutations in the EVC gene. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:2087-2093. [PMID: 32906221 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Clinical expression of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC) is variable and mild phenotypes have been described, including patients with mostly cardiac and limb involvement. Whether these cases are part of the EvC phenotypic spectrum or separate conditions is disputed. Herein, we describe a family with vertical transmission of atrioventricular canal defect (AVCD), common atrium, and postaxial polydactyly. Targeted sequencing of EVC, EVC2, WDR35, DYNC2LI1, and DYNC2H1 identified different compound heterozygosity in EVC genotypes in the two affected members, consisting of a nonsense (p.Arg622Ter) and a missense (p.Arg663Pro) variant in the father, and the same nonsense variant and a noncanonical splice-site in-frame change (c.1316-7A>G) in the daughter. Complementary DNA sequencing, immunoblot, and immunofluorescence experiments using patient-derived fibroblasts and Evc-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts showed that p.Arg622Ter is a loss-of-function mutation, whereas p.Arg663Pro and the splice-site change c.1316-7A>G are hypomorphic variants resulting in proteins that retain, in part, the ability to complex with EVC2. Our molecular and functional data demonstrate that at least in some cases the condition characterized as "common atrium/AVCD with postaxial polydactyly" is a mild form of EvC due to hypomorphic EVC mutations, further supporting the occurrence of genotype-phenotype correlations in this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Piceci-Sparascio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Adrian Palencia-Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Insitituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Soto-Bielicka
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela D'Anzi
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Valentina Guida
- Medical Genetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Jessica Rosati
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Jose A Caparros-Martin
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Insitituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabella Torrente
- Medical Genetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - M Cecilia D'Asdia
- Medical Genetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Paolo Versacci
- Department of Pediatrics, Università Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvana Briuglia
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", Unit of Emergency Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Insitituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZm Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Marino
- Department of Pediatrics, Università Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - M Cristina Digilio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Insitituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZm Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Medical Genetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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9
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Palencia-Campos A, Ullah A, Nevado J, Yildirim R, Unal E, Ciorraga M, Barruz P, Chico L, Piceci-Sparascio F, Guida V, De Luca A, Kayserili H, Ullah I, Burmeister M, Lapunzina P, Ahmad W, Morales AV, Ruiz-Perez VL. GLI1 inactivation is associated with developmental phenotypes overlapping with Ellis-van Creveld syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 26:4556-4571. [PMID: 28973407 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
GLI1, GLI2 and GLI3 form a family of transcription factors which regulate development by mediating the action of Hedgehog (Hh) morphogens. Accordingly, inactivating variants in GLI2 and GLI3 are found in several developmental disorders. In contrast, loss-of-function mutations in GLI1 have remained elusive, maintaining enigmatic the role of this gene in the human embryo. We describe eight patients from three independent families having biallelic truncating variants in GLI1 and developmental defects overlapping with Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC), a disease caused by diminished Hh signaling. Two families had mutations in the last exon of the gene and a third family was identified with an N-terminal stop gain variant predicted to be degraded by the NMD-pathway. Analysis of fibroblasts from one of the patients with homozygous C-terminal truncation of GLI1 demonstrated that the corresponding mutant GLI1 protein is fabricated by patient cells and becomes upregulated in response to Hh signaling. However, the transcriptional activity of the truncated GLI1 factor was found to be severely impaired by cell culture and in vivo assays, indicating that the balance between GLI repressors and activators is altered in affected subjects. Consistent with this, reduced expression of the GLI target PTCH1 was observed in patient fibroblasts after chemical induction of the Hh pathway. We conclude that GLI1 inactivation is associated with a phenotypic spectrum extending from isolated postaxial polydactyly to an EvC-like condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Palencia-Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Asmat Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Julian Nevado
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz-UAM, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruken Yildirim
- Diyarbakir Children State Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Edip Unal
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Maria Ciorraga
- Department of Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Barruz
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz-UAM, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Chico
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Piceci-Sparascio
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Valentina Guida
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Medical Genetics Department, Koç University School of Medicine (KUSoM) Istanbul, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Margit Burmeister
- Department of Psychiatry.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz-UAM, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aixa V Morales
- Department of Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz-UAM, 28046 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Niceta M, Margiotti K, Digilio MC, Guida V, Bruselles A, Pizzi S, Ferraris A, Memo L, Laforgia N, Dentici ML, Consoli F, Torrente I, Ruiz-Perez VL, Dallapiccola B, Marino B, De Luca A, Tartaglia M. Biallelic mutations in DYNC2LI1 are a rare cause of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome. Clin Genet 2018; 93:632-639. [PMID: 28857138 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC) is a chondral and ectodermal dysplasia caused by biallelic mutations in the EVC, EVC2 and WDR35 genes. A proportion of cases with clinical diagnosis of EvC, however, do not carry mutations in these genes. To identify the genetic cause of EvC in a cohort of mutation-negative patients, exome sequencing was undertaken in a family with 3 affected members, and mutation scanning of a panel of clinically and functionally relevant genes was performed in 24 additional subjects with features fitting/overlapping EvC. Compound heterozygosity for the c.2T>C (p.Met1?) and c.662C>T (p.Thr221Ile) variants in DYNC2LI1, which encodes a component of the intraflagellar transport-related dynein-2 complex previously found mutated in other short-rib thoracic dysplasias, was identified in the 3 affected members of the first family. Targeted resequencing detected compound heterozygosity for the same missense variant and a truncating change (p.Val141*) in 2 siblings with EvC from a second family, while a newborn with a more severe phenotype carried 2 DYNC2LI1 truncating variants. Our findings indicate that DYNC2LI1 mutations are associated with a wider clinical spectrum than previously appreciated, including EvC, with the severity of the phenotype likely depending on the extent of defective DYNC2LI1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Niceta
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - K Margiotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto 1, Università "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.,Molecular Genetics Unit, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - M C Digilio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - V Guida
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - A Bruselles
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - S Pizzi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - A Ferraris
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - L Memo
- Pediatric Unit, Ospedale San Martino, Belluno, Italy
| | - N Laforgia
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Università di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - M L Dentici
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - F Consoli
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - I Torrente
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - V L Ruiz-Perez
- Department of Experimental Models of Human Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, València, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Dallapiccola
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - B Marino
- Department of Pediatrics, Università "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - A De Luca
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - M Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
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11
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Doyard M, Bacrot S, Huber C, Di Rocco M, Goldenberg A, Aglan MS, Brunelle P, Temtamy S, Michot C, Otaify GA, Haudry C, Castanet M, Leroux J, Bonnefont JP, Munnich A, Baujat G, Lapunzina P, Monnot S, Ruiz-Perez VL, Cormier-Daire V. FAM46A mutations are responsible for autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. J Med Genet 2018; 55:278-284. [PMID: 29358272 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome (SWS) is characterised by bowing of the lower limbs, respiratory distress and hyperthermia that are often responsible for early death. Survivors develop progressive scoliosis and spontaneous fractures. We previously identified LIFR mutations in most SWS cases, but absence of LIFR pathogenic changes in five patients led us to perform exome sequencing and to identify homozygosity for a FAM46A mutation in one case [p.Ser205Tyrfs*13]. The follow-up of this case supported a final diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), based on vertebral collapses and blue sclerae. METHODS AND RESULTS This prompted us to screen FAM46A in 25 OI patients with no known mutations.We identified a homozygous deleterious variant in FAM46A in two affected sibs with typical OI [p.His127Arg]. Another homozygous variant, [p.Asp231Gly], also classed as deleterious, was detected in a patient with type III OI of consanguineous parents using homozygosity mapping and exome sequencing.FAM46A is a member of the superfamily of nucleotidyltransferase fold proteins but its exact function is presently unknown. Nevertheless, there are lines of evidence pointing to a relevant role of FAM46A in bone development. By RT-PCR analysis, we detected specific expression of FAM46A in human osteoblasts andinterestingly, a nonsense mutation in Fam46a has been recently identified in an ENU-derived (N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea) mouse model characterised by decreased body length, limb, rib, pelvis, and skull deformities and reduced cortical thickness in long bones. CONCLUSION We conclude that FAM46A mutations are responsible for a severe form of OI with congenital bowing of the lower limbs and suggest screening this gene in unexplained OI forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Doyard
- Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U1163, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Bacrot
- Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U1163, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Céline Huber
- Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U1163, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Maja Di Rocco
- Unit of Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Department of Genetics, Centre Normand de Génomique Médicale et Médecine Personnalisée, CHU de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Mona S Aglan
- Department of Clinical Genetics. Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Perrine Brunelle
- Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U1163, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Samia Temtamy
- Department of Clinical Genetics. Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Caroline Michot
- Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U1163, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Ghada A Otaify
- Department of Clinical Genetics. Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Coralie Haudry
- Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U1163, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | | | - Julien Leroux
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, CHU de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Paul Bonnefont
- Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U1163, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Arnold Munnich
- Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U1163, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Baujat
- Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U1163, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Insitituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sophie Monnot
- Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U1163, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Insitituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U1163, Université Paris-Descartes, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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12
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Caparros-Martin JA, Aglan MS, Temtamy S, Otaify GA, Valencia M, Nevado J, Vallespin E, Del Pozo A, Prior de Castro C, Calatrava-Ferreras L, Gutierrez P, Bueno AM, Sagastizabal B, Guillen-Navarro E, Ballesta-Martinez M, Gonzalez V, Basaran SY, Buyukoglan R, Sarikepe B, Espinoza-Valdez C, Cammarata-Scalisi F, Martinez-Glez V, Heath KE, Lapunzina P, Ruiz-Perez VL. Molecular spectrum and differential diagnosis in patients referred with sporadic or autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2016; 5:28-39. [PMID: 28116328 PMCID: PMC5241205 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous bone disorder characterized by recurrent fractures. Although most cases of OI have heterozygous mutations in COL1A1 or COL1A2 and show autosomal dominant inheritance, during the last years there has been an explosion in the number of genes responsible for both recessive and dominant forms of this condition. Herein, we have analyzed a cohort of patients with OI, all offspring of unaffected parents, to determine the spectrum of variants accounting for these cases. Twenty patients had nonrelated parents and were sporadic, and 21 were born to consanguineous relationships. Methods Mutation analysis was performed using a next‐generation sequencing gene panel, homozygosity mapping, and whole exome sequencing (WES). Results Patients offspring of nonconsanguineous parents were mostly identified with COL1A1 or COL1A2 heterozygous changes, although there were also a few cases with IFITM5 and WNT1 heterozygous mutations. Only one sporadic patient was a compound heterozygote for two recessive mutations. Patients offspring of consanguineous parents showed homozygous changes in a variety of genes including CRTAP,FKBP10,LEPRE1,PLOD2,PPIB,SERPINF1,TMEM38B, and WNT1. In addition, two patients born to consanguineous parents were found to have de novo COL1A1 heterozygous mutations demonstrating that causative variants in the collagen I structural genes cannot be overlooked in affected children from consanguineous couples. Further to this, WES analysis in probands lacking mutations in OI genes revealed deleterious variants in SCN9A,NTRK1, and SLC2A2, which are associated with congenital indifference to pain (CIP) and Fanconi–Bickel syndrome (FBS). Conclusion This work provides useful information for clinical and genetic diagnosis of OI patients with no positive family history of this disease. Our data also indicate that CIP and FBS are conditions to be considered in the differential diagnosis of OI and suggest a positive role of SCN9A and NTRK1 in bone development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Caparros-Martin
- Instituto de Investigaciones BiomédicasConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain; CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Mona S Aglan
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics National Research Centre Cairo Egypt
| | - Samia Temtamy
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics National Research Centre Cairo Egypt
| | - Ghada A Otaify
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics National Research Centre Cairo Egypt
| | | | - Julián Nevado
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM) Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Elena Vallespin
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM) Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Angela Del Pozo
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM) Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Carmen Prior de Castro
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM) Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Lucia Calatrava-Ferreras
- Instituto de Investigaciones BiomédicasConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain; CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Pilar Gutierrez
- Orthopedic Surgery Department and Endocrinology Department Hospital Universitario de Getafe Madrid Spain
| | - Ana M Bueno
- Orthopedic Surgery Department and Endocrinology Department Hospital Universitario de Getafe Madrid Spain
| | - Belen Sagastizabal
- Orthopedic Surgery Department and Endocrinology Department Hospital Universitario de Getafe Madrid Spain
| | - Encarna Guillen-Navarro
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain; Unidad de Genética MédicaServicio de PediatríaHospital Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaMurciaSpain
| | - Maria Ballesta-Martinez
- Unidad de Genética Médica Servicio de Pediatría Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca Murcia Spain
| | - Vanesa Gonzalez
- Unidad de Genética Médica Servicio de Pediatría Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca Murcia Spain
| | - Sarenur Y Basaran
- Department of Medical Genetics Faculty of Medicine Istanbul Medeniyet University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ruksan Buyukoglan
- Department of Genetics Faculty of Medicine Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey
| | - Bilge Sarikepe
- Department of Genetics School of Medicine Pamukkale University Denizli Turkey
| | | | | | - Victor Martinez-Glez
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain; Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPazUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Karen E Heath
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain; Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPazUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain; Skeletal Dysplasia Multidisciplinary Unit (UMDE)Hospital Universitario La PazMadridSpain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain; Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPazUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain; Skeletal Dysplasia Multidisciplinary Unit (UMDE)Hospital Universitario La PazMadridSpain
| | - Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones BiomédicasConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain; CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain; Skeletal Dysplasia Multidisciplinary Unit (UMDE)Hospital Universitario La PazMadridSpain
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13
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Mattos EP, Silva AAD, Magalhães JAA, Leite JCL, Leistner-Segal S, Gus-Kessler R, Perez JA, Vedolin LM, Torreblanca-Zanca A, Lapunzina P, Ruiz-Perez VL, Sanseverino MTV. Identification of a premature stop codon mutation in the PHGDH gene in severe Neu-Laxova syndrome-evidence for phenotypic variability. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167:1323-9. [PMID: 25913727 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In some cases Neu-Laxova syndrome (NLS) is linked to serine deficiency due to mutations in the phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) gene. We describe the prenatal and postnatal findings in a fetus with one of the most severe NLS phenotypes described so far, caused by a homozygous nonsense mutation of PHGDH. Serial ultrasound (US) and pre- and postnatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluations were performed. Prenatally, serial US evaluations suggested symmetric growth restriction, microcephaly, hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, micrognathia, hydrops, shortened limbs, arthrogryposis, and talipes equinovarus. The prenatal MRI confirmed these findings prompting a diagnosis of NLS. After birth, radiological imaging did not detect any gross bone abnormalities. DNA was extracted from fetal and parental peripheral blood, all coding exons of PHGDH were PCR-amplified and subjected to Sanger sequencing. Sequencing of PHGDH identified a homozygous premature stop codon mutation (c.1297C>T; p.Gln433*) in fetal DNA, both parents (first-cousins) being heterozygotes. Based on previous associations of mutations in this gene with a milder NLS phenotype, as well as cases of serine deficiency, these observations lend further support to a genotype-phenotype correlation between the degree of PHGDH inactivation and disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo P Mattos
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - André Anjos da Silva
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - José Antônio A Magalhães
- Fetal Medicine Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Internal Medicine Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Júlio César L Leite
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sandra Leistner-Segal
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rejane Gus-Kessler
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliano Adams Perez
- Radiology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M Vedolin
- Radiology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Internal Medicine Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Albertina Torreblanca-Zanca
- INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica Y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica Y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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14
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Caparrós-Martín JA, De Luca A, Cartault F, Aglan M, Temtamy S, Otaify GA, Mehrez M, Valencia M, Vázquez L, Alessandri JL, Nevado J, Rueda-Arenas I, Heath KE, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B, Goodship JA, Mill P, Lapunzina P, Ruiz-Perez VL. Specific variants in WDR35 cause a distinctive form of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome by disrupting the recruitment of the EvC complex and SMO into the cilium. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:4126-37. [PMID: 25908617 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most patients with Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC) are identified with pathogenic changes in EVC or EVC2, however further genetic heterogeneity has been suggested. In this report we describe pathogenic splicing variants in WDR35, encoding retrograde intraflagellar transport protein 121 (IFT121), in three families with a clinical diagnosis of EvC but having a distinctive phenotype. To understand why WDR35 variants result in EvC, we analysed EVC, EVC2 and Smoothened (SMO) in IFT-A deficient cells. We found that the three proteins failed to localize to Wdr35(-/-) cilia, but not to the cilium of the IFT retrograde motor mutant Dync2h1(-/-), indicating that IFT121 is specifically required for their entry into the ciliary compartment. Furthermore expression of Wdr35 disease cDNAs in Wdr35(-/-) fibroblasts revealed that the newly identified variants lead to Hedgehog signalling defects resembling those of Evc(-/-) and Evc2(-/-) mutants. Together our data indicate that splicing variants in WDR35, and possibly in other IFT-A components, underlie a number of EvC cases by disrupting targeting of both the EvC complex and SMO to cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Caparrós-Martín
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - François Cartault
- CHU de la Réunion Hôpital Félix Guyon, Saint-Denis, Île de la Réunion, France
| | - Mona Aglan
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samia Temtamy
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Otaify
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mennat Mehrez
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - María Valencia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Vázquez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jean-Luc Alessandri
- CHU de la Réunion Hôpital Félix Guyon, Saint-Denis, Île de la Réunion, France
| | - Julián Nevado
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Rueda-Arenas
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karen E Heath
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Judith A Goodship
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK and
| | - Pleasantine Mill
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain,
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15
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Valencia M, Caparrós-Martin JA, Sirerol-Piquer MS, García-Verdugo JM, Martínez-Glez V, Lapunzina P, Temtamy S, Aglan M, Lund AM, Nikkels PGJ, Ruiz-Perez VL, Ostergaard E. Report of a newly indentified patient with mutations inBMP1and underlying pathogenetic aspects. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:1143-50. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Valencia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Jose A. Caparrós-Martin
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
| | | | | | - Víctor Martínez-Glez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Samia Temtamy
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division; National Research Centre; El-Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Mona Aglan
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division; National Research Centre; El-Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Allan M. Lund
- Department of Clinical Genetics 4062; Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases; Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Victor L. Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
| | - Elsebet Ostergaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics 4062; Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases; Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
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16
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Guillén-Navarro E, Ballesta-Martínez MJ, Valencia M, Bueno AM, Martinez-Glez V, López-González V, Burnyte B, Utkus A, Lapunzina P, Ruiz-Perez VL. Two mutations inIFITM5causing distinct forms of osteogenesis imperfecta. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:1136-42. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Encarna Guillén-Navarro
- Unidad de Genética Médica; Servicio de Pediatría; Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca; El Palmar Murcia Spain
- Cátedra de Genética Médica; Universidad Católica de San Antonio (UCAM); Murcia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
| | - María Juliana Ballesta-Martínez
- Unidad de Genética Médica; Servicio de Pediatría; Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca; El Palmar Murcia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
| | - María Valencia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Ana María Bueno
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; Hospital Universitario de Getafe; Madrid Spain
| | - Victor Martinez-Glez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Vanesa López-González
- Unidad de Genética Médica; Servicio de Pediatría; Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca; El Palmar Murcia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
| | - Birute Burnyte
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics; Faculty of Medicine; Vilnius University; Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Utkus
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics; Faculty of Medicine; Vilnius University; Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Victor L. Ruiz-Perez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
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Caparrós-Martin JA, Valencia M, Pulido V, Martínez-Glez V, Rueda-Arenas I, Amr K, Farra C, Lapunzina P, Ruiz-Perez VL, Temtamy S, Aglan M. Clinical and molecular analysis in families with autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta identifies mutations in five genes and suggests genotype-phenotype correlations. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:1354-69. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - María Valencia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid; Spain
| | - Veronica Pulido
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid; Spain
| | | | - Inmaculada Rueda-Arenas
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid; Spain
| | - Khalda Amr
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division; National Research Centre; El-Dokki, Cairo; Egypt
| | - Chantal Farra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; American University of Beirut Medical Center; Beirut; Lebanon
| | | | | | - Samia Temtamy
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division; National Research Centre; El-Dokki, Cairo; Egypt
| | - Mona Aglan
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division; National Research Centre; El-Dokki, Cairo; Egypt
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Caparrós-Martín JA, Valencia M, Reytor E, Pacheco M, Fernandez M, Perez-Aytes A, Gean E, Lapunzina P, Peters H, Goodship JA, Ruiz-Perez VL. The ciliary Evc/Evc2 complex interacts with Smo and controls Hedgehog pathway activity in chondrocytes by regulating Sufu/Gli3 dissociation and Gli3 trafficking in primary cilia. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 22:124-39. [PMID: 23026747 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is involved in patterning and morphogenesis of most organs in the developing mammalian embryo. Despite many advances in understanding core components of the pathway, little is known about how the activity of the Hh pathway is adjusted in organ- and tissue-specific developmental processes. Mutations in EVC or EVC2 disrupt Hh signaling in tooth and bone development. Using mouse models, we show here that Evc and Evc2 are mutually required for localizing to primary cilia and also for maintaining their normal protein levels. Consistent with Evc and Evc2 functioning as a complex, the skeletal phenotypes in either single or double homozygous mutant mice are virtually indistinguishable. Smo translocation to the cilium was normal in Evc2-deficient chondrocytes following Hh activation with the Smo-agonist SAG. However, Gli3 recruitment to cilia tips was reduced and Sufu/Gli3 dissociation was impaired. Interestingly, we found Smo to co-precipitate with Evc/Evc2, indicating that in some cells Hh signaling requires direct interaction of Smo with the Evc/Evc2 complex. Expression of a dominantly acting Evc2 mutation previously identified in Weyer's acrodental dysostosis (Evc2Δ43) caused mislocalization of Evc/Evc2Δ43 within the cilium and also reproduced the Gli3-related molecular defects observed in Evc2(-/-) chondrocytes. Moreover, Evc silencing in Sufu(-/-) cells attenuated the output of the Hh pathway, suggesting that Evc/Evc2 also promote Hh signaling in the absence of Sufu. Together our data reveal that the Hh pathway involves Evc/Evc2-dependent modulations that are necessary for normal endochondral bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Caparrós-Martín
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Madrid, Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
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19
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Puig-Hervás MT, Temtamy S, Aglan M, Valencia M, Martínez-Glez V, Ballesta-Martínez MJ, López-González V, Ashour AM, Amr K, Pulido V, Guillén-Navarro E, Lapunzina P, Caparrós-Martín JA, Ruiz-Perez VL. Mutations in PLOD2 cause autosomal-recessive connective tissue disorders within the Bruck syndrome-Osteogenesis imperfecta phenotypic spectrum. Hum Mutat 2012; 33:1444-9. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.22133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Pacheco M, Valencia M, Caparrós-Martín JA, Mulero F, Goodship JA, Ruiz-Perez VL. Evc works in chondrocytes and osteoblasts to regulate multiple aspects of growth plate development in the appendicular skeleton and cranial base. Bone 2012; 50:28-41. [PMID: 21911092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2011.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome protein homolog (Evc) was previously shown to mediate expression of Indian hedgehog (Ihh) downstream targets in chondrocytes. Consequently disruption of the Ihh/Pthrp axis was demonstrated in Evc(-/-) mice, but the full extent of Evc involvement in endochondral development was not totally characterized. Herein we have examined further the Evc(-/-) growth plate in a homogeneous genetic background and show that Evc promotes chondrocyte proliferation, chondrocyte hypertrophy and the differentiation of osteoblasts in the perichondrium, hence implicating Evc in both Pthrp-dependent and Pthrp-independent Ihh functions. We also demonstrate that Evc, which localizes to osteoblast primary cilia, mediates Hedgehog (Hh) signaling in the osteoblast lineage. In spite of this, bone collar development is mildly affected in Evc(-/-) mutants. The onset of perichondrial osteoblastogenesis is delayed at the initial stages of endochondral ossification in Evc(-/-) mice, and in later stages, the leading edge of expression of osteoblast markers and Wnt/β-catenin signaling components is located closer to the primary spongiosa in the Evc(-/-) perichondrium owing to impaired osteoblast differentiation. Additionally we have used Ptch1-LacZ reporter mice to learn about the different types of Hh-responsive cells that are present in the perichondrium of normal and Evc(-/-) mice. Evc mediates Hh target gene expression in inner perichondrial cells, but it is dispensable in the external layers of the perichondrium. Finally, we report cranial base defects in Evc(-/-) mice and reveal that Evc is essential for intrasphenoidal synchondrosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pacheco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Ciber de enfermedades raras, Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
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21
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Martínez-Glez V, Valencia M, Caparrós-Martín JA, Aglan M, Temtamy S, Tenorio J, Pulido V, Lindert U, Rohrbach M, Eyre D, Giunta C, Lapunzina P, Ruiz-Perez VL. Identification of a mutation causing deficient BMP1/mTLD proteolytic activity in autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. Hum Mutat 2011; 33:343-50. [PMID: 22052668 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we have studied a consanguineous Egyptian family with two children diagnosed with severe autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta (AR-OI) and a large umbilical hernia. Homozygosity mapping in this family showed lack of linkage to any of the previously known AR-OI genes, but revealed a 10.27 MB homozygous region on chromosome 8p in the two affected sibs, which comprised the procollagen I C-terminal propeptide (PICP) endopeptidase gene BMP1. Mutation analysis identified both patients with a Phe249Leu homozygous missense change within the BMP1 protease domain involving a residue, which is conserved in all members of the astacin group of metalloproteases. Type I procollagen analysis in supernatants from cultured fibroblasts demonstrated abnormal PICP processing in patient-derived cells consistent with the mutation causing decreased BMP1 function. This was further confirmed by overexpressing wild type and mutant BMP1 longer isoform (mammalian Tolloid protein [mTLD]) in NIH3T3 fibroblasts and human primary fibroblasts. While overproduction of normal mTLD resulted in a large proportion of proα1(I) in the culture media being C-terminally processed, proα1(I) cleavage was not enhanced by an excess of the mutant protein, proving that the Phe249Leu mutation leads to a BMP1/mTLD protein with deficient PICP proteolytic activity. We conclude that BMP1 is an additional gene mutated in AR-OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Martínez-Glez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Palomares M, Delicado A, Mansilla E, de Torres ML, Vallespín E, Fernandez L, Martinez-Glez V, García-Miñaur S, Nevado J, Simarro FS, Ruiz-Perez VL, Lynch SA, Sharkey FH, Thuresson AC, Annerén G, Belligni EF, Martínez-Fernández ML, Bermejo E, Nowakowska B, Kutkowska-Kazmierczak A, Bocian E, Obersztyn E, Martínez-Frías ML, Hennekam RCM, Lapunzina P. Characterization of a 8q21.11 microdeletion syndrome associated with intellectual disability and a recognizable phenotype. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 89:295-301. [PMID: 21802062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report eight unrelated individuals with intellectual disability and overlapping submicroscopic deletions of 8q21.11 (0.66-13.55 Mb in size). The deletion was familial in one and simplex in seven individuals. The phenotype was remarkably similar and consisted of a round face with full cheeks, a high forehead, ptosis, cornea opacities, an underdeveloped alae, a short philtrum, a cupid's bow of the upper lip, down-turned corners of the mouth, micrognathia, low-set and prominent ears, and mild finger and toe anomalies (camptodactyly, syndactyly, and broadening of the first rays). Intellectual disability, hypotonia, decreased balance, sensorineural hearing loss, and unusual behavior were frequently observed. A high-resolution oligonucleotide array showed different proximal and distal breakpoints in all of the individuals. Sequencing studies in three of the individuals revealed that proximal and distal breakpoints were located in unique sequences with no apparent homology. The smallest region of overlap was a 539.7 kb interval encompassing three genes: a Zinc Finger Homeobox 4 (ZFHX4), one microRNA of unknown function, and one nonfunctional pseudogen. ZFHX4 encodes a transcription factor expressed in the adult human brain, skeletal muscle, and liver. It has been suggested as a candidate gene for congenital bilateral isolated ptosis. Our results suggest that the 8q21.11 submicroscopic deletion represents a clinically recognizable entity and that a haploinsufficient gene or genes within the minimal deletion region could underlie this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Palomares
- Section of Functional and Structural Genomics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdiPAZ), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Blair HJ, Tompson S, Liu YN, Campbell J, MacArthur K, Ponting CP, Ruiz-Perez VL, Goodship JA. Evc2 is a positive modulator of Hedgehog signalling that interacts with Evc at the cilia membrane and is also found in the nucleus. BMC Biol 2011; 9:14. [PMID: 21356043 PMCID: PMC3052239 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-9-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evc is essential for Indian Hedgehog (Hh) signalling in the cartilage growth plate. The gene encoding Evc2 is in close proximity in divergent orientation to Evc and mutations in both human genes lead to the chondrodysplasia Ellis-van Creveld syndrome. RESULTS Bioinformatic analysis reveals that the Evc and Evc2 genes arose through a duplication event early in metazoan evolution and were subsequently lost in arthropods and nematodes. Here we demonstrate that Evc2 is essential for Hh pathway activation in response to the Smo agonist purmorphamine. A yeast two-hybrid screen using Evc as bait identified Evc2 as an Evc binding partner and we confirmed the interaction by immunoprecipitation. We developed anti-Evc2 antibodies and show that Evc2 and Evc co-localize at the basal body and also on primary cilia. In transfected cells, basal body and cilia localization is observed when Evc and Evc2 constructs are co-transfected but not when either construct is transfected individually. We show that Evc and Evc2 are cilia transmembrane proteins, the C-terminus for both being intracellular and Evc2, but not Evc, having an extracellular portion. Furthermore, Evc is absent at the basal body in Evc2 null cells. Using Western blots of cytoplasmic and nuclear protein, we also demonstrate that full length Evc2 but not Evc, is located in the nucleus. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate for the first time that Evc2 is a positive regulator of the Hh signalling pathway and that it is located at the basal body of primary cilia. We show that the presence of Evc and Evc2 at the basal body and cilia membrane is co-dependent. In addition, Evc2, but not Evc, is present in the cell nucleus suggesting movement of Evc2 between the cilium and nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J Blair
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
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Lapunzina P, Aglan M, Temtamy S, Caparrós-Martín JA, Valencia M, Letón R, Martínez-Glez V, Elhossini R, Amr K, Vilaboa N, Ruiz-Perez VL. Identification of a frameshift mutation in Osterix in a patient with recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. Am J Hum Genet 2010; 87:110-4. [PMID: 20579626 PMCID: PMC2896769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta, or "brittle bone disease," is a type I collagen-related condition associated with osteoporosis and increased risk of bone fractures. Using a combination of homozygosity mapping and candidate gene approach, we have identified a homozygous single base pair deletion (c.1052delA) in SP7/Osterix (OSX) in an Egyptian child with recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. The clinical findings from this patient include recurrent fractures, mild bone deformities, delayed tooth eruption, normal hearing, and white sclera. OSX encodes a transcription factor containing three Cys2-His2 zinc-finger DNA-binding domains at its C terminus, which, in mice, has been shown to be essential for bone formation. The frameshift caused by the c.1052delA deletion removes the last 81 amino acids of the protein, including the third zinc-finger motif. This finding adds another locus to the spectrum of genes associated with osteogenesis imperfecta and reveals that SP7/OSX also plays a key role in human bone development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mona Aglan
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, 12311 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samia Temtamy
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, 12311 Cairo, Egypt
| | - José A. Caparrós-Martín
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Valencia
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Letón
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Martínez-Glez
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rasha Elhossini
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, 12311 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khalda Amr
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, 12311 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nuria Vilaboa
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor L. Ruiz-Perez
- CIBER de enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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25
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Valencia M, Lapunzina P, Lim D, Zannolli R, Bartholdi D, Wollnik B, Al-Ajlouni O, Eid SS, Cox H, Buoni S, Hayek J, Martinez-Frias ML, Antonio PA, Temtamy S, Aglan M, Goodship JA, Ruiz-Perez VL. Widening the mutation spectrum of EVC and EVC2: ectopic expression of Weyer variants in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts disrupts Hedgehog signaling. Hum Mutat 2010; 30:1667-75. [PMID: 19810119 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive Ellis-van Creveld syndrome and autosomal dominant Weyer acrodental dysostosis are allelic conditions caused by mutations in EVC or EVC2. We performed a mutation screening study in 36 EvC cases and 3 cases of Weyer acrodental dysostosis, and identified pathogenic changes either in EVC or in EVC2 in all cases. We detected 40 independent EVC/EVC2 mutations of which 29 were novel changes in Ellis-van Creveld cases and 2 were novel mutations identified in Weyer pedigrees. Of interest one EvC patient had a T>G nucleotide substitution in intron 7 of EVC (c.940-150T>G), which creates a new donor splice site and results in the inclusion of a new exon. The T>G substitution is at nucleotide +5 of the novel 5' splice site. The three Weyer mutations occurred in the final exon of EVC2 (exon 22), suggesting that specific residues encoded by this exon are a key part of the protein. Using murine versions of EVC2 exon 22 mutations we demonstrate that the expression of a Weyer variant, but not the expression of a truncated protein that mimics an Ellis-van Creveld syndrome mutation, impairs Hedgehog signal transduction in NIH 3T3 cells in keeping with its dominant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Valencia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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26
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Ruiz-Perez VL, Goodship JA. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome and Weyers acrodental dysostosis are caused by cilia-mediated diminished response to hedgehog ligands. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2010; 151C:341-51. [PMID: 19876929 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.30226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC; OMIM 225500) is a recessive disorder comprising chondrodysplasia, polydactyly, nail dysplasia, orofacial abnormalities and, in a proportion of patients, cardiovascular malformations. Weyers acrodental dysostosis (Weyers; OMIM 193530) is an allelic dominant disorder comprising polydactyly, nail dysplasia, and orofacial abnormalities. EvC results from loss-of-function mutations in EVC or EVC2, the phenotype associated with the mutations in these two genes being indistinguishable. Three convincing causative mutations have been identified in patients with Weyers acrodental dysostosis, which are clustered in the last coding exon of EVC2 and lead to production of a truncated protein lacking the final 43 amino acids. Localization and function of EVC and EVC2 are inferred from studying the murine orthologs. Both Evc and Evc2 proteins localize to the basal bodies of primary cilia and analysis of an Ellis-van Creveld mouse model, which includes the limb shortening and tooth abnormalities of EvC patients, has demonstrated Hedgehog signaling defects in the absence of Evc. The loss of Evc2 has not been studied directly, but Hedgehog signaling is impaired when a mutant murine Evc2 Weyer variant is expressed in vitro. We conclude that the phenotypic abnormalities in EvC and Weyers syndrome result from tissue specific disruption of the response to Hh ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autó noma de Madrid, Spain.
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27
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Temtamy SA, Aglan MS, Valencia M, Cocchi G, Pacheco M, Ashour AM, Amr KS, Helmy SM, El-Gammal MA, Wright M, Lapunzina P, Goodship JA, Ruiz-Perez VL. Long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE1)-mediated deletion ofEVC,EVC2,C4orf6, andSTK32B in Ellis–van Creveld syndrome with borderline intelligence. Hum Mutat 2008; 29:931-8. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.20778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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28
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Ruiz-Perez VL, Blair HJ, Rodriguez-Andres ME, Blanco MJ, Wilson A, Liu YN, Miles C, Peters H, Goodship JA. Evc is a positive mediator of Ihh-regulated bone growth that localises at the base of chondrocyte cilia. Development 2007; 134:2903-12. [PMID: 17660199 DOI: 10.1242/dev.007542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
EVC is a novel protein mutated in the human chondroectodermal dysplasia Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC; OMIM: 225500). We have inactivated Evc in the mouse and show that Evc(-/-) mice develop an EvC-like syndrome, including short ribs, short limbs and dental abnormalities. lacZ driven by the Evc promoter revealed that Evc is expressed in the developing bones and the orofacial region. Antibodies developed against Evc locate the protein at the base of the primary cilium. The growth plate of Evc(-/-) mice shows delayed bone collar formation and advanced maturation of chondrocytes. Indian hedgehog (Ihh) is expressed normally in the growth plates of Evc(-/-) mice, but expression of the Ihh downstream genes Ptch1 and Gli1 was markedly decreased. Recent studies have shown that Smo localises to primary cilia and that Gli3 processing is defective in intraflagellar transport mutants. In vitro studies using Evc(-/-) cells demonstrate that the defect lies downstream of Smo. Chondrocyte cilia are present in Evc(-/-) mice and Gli3 processing appears normal by western blot analysis. We conclude that Evc is an intracellular component of the hedgehog signal transduction pathway that is required for normal transcriptional activation of Ihh target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.
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29
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Tompson SWJ, Ruiz-Perez VL, Blair HJ, Barton S, Navarro V, Robson JL, Wright MJ, Goodship JA. Sequencing EVC and EVC2 identifies mutations in two-thirds of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome patients. Hum Genet 2006; 120:663-70. [PMID: 17024374 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-006-0237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2006] [Accepted: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC) is caused by mutations in EVC and EVC2, genes in a divergent orientation separated by only 2.6 kb. We systematically sought mutations in both genes in a panel of 65 affected individuals to assess the proportion of cases resulting from mutations in each gene. We PCR amplified and sequenced the coding exons of both genes. We investigated mutations that could affect splicing by in vitro splicing assays and cDNA analysis. We have identified EVC mutations in 20 cases (31%); in all of these we have detected the mutation on each allele. We have identified EVC2 mutations in 25 cases (38%); in 22 of these we have isolated a mutation on each allele. The majority of the mutations introduce a premature termination codon. We sequenced the region between the two genes in 10 of the 20 cases in which we had not identified a mutation in either gene, revealing only one SNP that was not a common polymorphism. As we have not identified mutations in either gene in 20 cases (31%) it is possible that there is further genetic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart W J Tompson
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Central parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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30
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Pan-Hammarström Q, Lähdesmäki A, Zhao Y, Du L, Zhao Z, Wen S, Ruiz-Perez VL, Dunn-Walters DK, Goodship JA, Hammarström L. Disparate roles of ATR and ATM in immunoglobulin class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 203:99-110. [PMID: 16390936 PMCID: PMC2118080 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20050595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM) are mechanistically related processes initiated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase. Here, we have studied the role of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) in CSR by analyzing the recombinational junctions, resulting from in vivo switching, in cells from patients with mutations in the ATR gene. The proportion of cells that have switched to immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG in the peripheral blood seems to be normal in ATR-deficient (ATRD) patients and the recombined S regions show a normal “blunt end-joining,” but impaired end joining with partially complementary (1–3 bp) DNA ends. There was also an increased usage of microhomology at the μ-α switch junctions, but only up to 9 bp, suggesting that the end-joining pathway requiring longer microhomologies (≥10 bp) may be ATR dependent. The SHM pattern in the Ig variable heavy chain genes is altered, with fewer mutations occurring at A and more mutations at T residues and thus a loss of strand bias in targeting A/T pairs within certain hotspots. These data suggest that the role of ATR is partially overlapping with that of ataxia telangiectasia–mutated protein, but that the former is also endowed with unique functional properties in the repair processes during CSR and SHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden.
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31
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O'Driscoll M, Ruiz-Perez VL, Woods CG, Jeggo PA, Goodship JA. A splicing mutation affecting expression of ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) results in Seckel syndrome. Nat Genet 2003; 33:497-501. [PMID: 12640452 DOI: 10.1038/ng1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 665] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2003] [Accepted: 02/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Seckel syndrome (OMIM 210600) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, dwarfism, microcephaly and mental retardation. Clinically, Seckel syndrome shares features in common with disorders involving impaired DNA-damage responses, such as Nijmegen breakage syndrome (OMIM 251260) and LIG4 syndrome (OMIM 606593). We previously mapped a locus associated with Seckel syndrome to chromosome 3q22.1-q24 in two consanguineous Pakistani families. Further marker analysis in the families, including a recently born unaffected child with a recombination in the critical region, narrowed the region to an interval of 5 Mbp between markers D3S1316 and D3S1557 (145.29 Mbp and 150.37 Mbp). The gene encoding ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) maps to this region. A fibroblast cell line derived from an affected individual displays a defective DNA damage response caused by impaired ATR function. We identified a synonymous mutation in affected individuals that alters ATR splicing. The mutation confers a phenotype including marked microcephaly (head circumference 12 s.d. below the mean) and dwarfism (5 s.d. below the mean). Our analysis shows that UV-induced ATR activation can occur in non-replicating cells following processing by nucleotide excision repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark O'Driscoll
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, East Sussex, BN1 9RQ, UK
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32
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Ruiz-Perez VL, Tompson SWJ, Blair HJ, Espinoza-Valdez C, Lapunzina P, Silva EO, Hamel B, Gibbs JL, Young ID, Wright MJ, Goodship JA. Mutations in two nonhomologous genes in a head-to-head configuration cause Ellis-van Creveld syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2003; 72:728-32. [PMID: 12571802 PMCID: PMC1180248 DOI: 10.1086/368063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2002] [Accepted: 12/04/2002] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC) is an autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia. Elsewhere, we described mutations in EVC in patients with this condition (Ruiz-Perez et al. 2000). We now report that mutations in EVC2 also cause EvC. These two genes lie in a head-to-head configuration that is conserved from fish to man. Affected individuals with mutations in EVC and EVC2 have the typical spectrum of features and are phenotypically indistinguishable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
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33
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Tompson SW, Ruiz-Perez VL, Wright MJ, Goodship JA. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome resulting from segmental uniparental disomy of chromosome 4. J Med Genet 2001; 38:E18. [PMID: 11389165 PMCID: PMC1734890 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.38.6.e18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ruiz-Perez VL, Ide SE, Strom TM, Lorenz B, Wilson D, Woods K, King L, Francomano C, Freisinger P, Spranger S, Marino B, Dallapiccola B, Wright M, Meitinger T, Polymeropoulos MH, Goodship J. Mutations in a new gene in Ellis-van Creveld syndrome and Weyers acrodental dysostosis. Nat Genet 2000; 24:283-6. [PMID: 10700184 DOI: 10.1038/73508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC, MIM 225500) is an autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia characterized by short limbs, short ribs, postaxial polydactyly and dysplastic nails and teeth. Congenital cardiac defects, most commonly a defect of primary atrial septation producing a common atrium, occur in 60% of affected individuals. The disease was mapped to chromosome 4p16 in nine Amish subpedigrees and single pedigrees from Mexico, Ecuador and Brazil. Weyers acrodental dysostosis (MIM 193530), an autosomal dominant disorder with a similar but milder phenotype, has been mapped in a single pedigree to an area including the EvC critical region. We have identified a new gene (EVC), encoding a 992-amino-acid protein, that is mutated in individuals with EvC. We identified a splice-donor change in an Amish pedigree and six truncating mutations and a single amino acid deletion in seven pedigrees. The heterozygous carriers of these mutations did not manifest features of EvC. We found two heterozygous missense mutations associated with a phenotype, one in a man with Weyers acrodental dysostosis and another in a father and his daughter, who both have the heart defect characteristic of EvC and polydactyly, but not short stature. We suggest that EvC and Weyers acrodental dysostosis are allelic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Ruiz-Perez
- Human Genetics Unit, School of Biochemistry and Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Ruiz-Perez VL, Carter SA, Healy E, Todd C, Rees JL, Steijlen PM, Carmichael AJ, Lewis HM, Hohl D, Itin P, Vahlquist A, Gobello T, Mazzanti C, Reggazini R, Nagy G, Munro CS, Strachan T. ATP2A2 mutations in Darier's disease: variant cutaneous phenotypes are associated with missense mutations, but neuropsychiatric features are independent of mutation class. Hum Mol Genet 1999; 8:1621-30. [PMID: 10441324 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/8.9.1621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Darier's disease (DD) is an autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized clinically by multiple keratotic papules, and histologically by focal loss of adhesion between epidermal cells (acantholysis) and by abnormal keratinization. Variant forms of cutaneous phenotype, sometimes familial, have been described. Associated neuropsychiatric features, including mental handicap, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and epilepsy, have also been reported. The cause of DD was shown recently to be mutation in the ATP2A2 gene at 12q24.1, which encodes the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase type 2 (SERCA2). Here, we show that while both common isoforms of SERCA2 are expressed in the cytoplasm of cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts, in adult skin sections only the longer isoform, SERCA2b, was expressed abundantly in epidermal structures. Extended mutation analysis in European DD patients using single-strand conformation polymorphism and/or direct sequencing identified 40 different patient-specific mutations in 47 families. The majority (23/40) were likely to result in nonsense-mediated RNA decay. The remaining 17 were missense mutations distributed throughout the protein and were associated significantly with atypical clinical features. The clearest association was with the familial haemorrhagic variant where all four families tested had a missense mutation. Three of the families (one Scottish family and two unrelated Italian families) exhibited the same N767S substitution in the M5 transmembrane domain, and a fourth family, from Sweden, had a C268F substitution in the M3 transmembrane domain. Neuropsychiatric features did not appear to be associated with a specific class of mutation and may be an intrinsic, but inconsistent, effect of defective ATP2A2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Ruiz-Perez
- Human Genetics Unit, School of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Ridley Building, Claremont Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
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Monk S, Sakuntabhai A, Carter SA, Bryce SD, Cox R, Harrington L, Levy E, Ruiz-Perez VL, Katsantoni E, Kodvawala A, Munro CS, Burge S, Larrègue M, Nagy G, Rees JL, Lathrop M, Monaco AP, Strachan T, Hovnanian A. Refined genetic mapping of the darier locus to a <1-cM region of chromosome 12q24.1, and construction of a complete, high-resolution P1 artificial chromosome/bacterial artificial chromosome contig of the critical region. Am J Hum Genet 1998; 62:890-903. [PMID: 9529352 PMCID: PMC1377034 DOI: 10.1086/301794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Darier disease (DD) (MIM 124200) is an autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by loss of adhesion between epidermal cells and by abnormal keratinization. We present linkage analysis showing, in four families, key recombination events that refine the location of the DD locus on chromosome 12q23-24.1 to a region of <1 cM. We have constructed a YAC/P1 artificial chromosome (PAC)/bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based physical map that encompasses this refined DD region. The map consists of 35 YAC, 69 PAC, 16 BAC, and 2 cosmid clones that were ordered by mapping 54 anonymous sequence-tagged sites. The critical region is estimated to be 2.4 Mb in size, with an average marker resolution of 37.5 kb. The refinement of the critical interval excludes the ALDH2, RPL6, PTPN11, and OAS genes, as well as seven expressed sequence tags (ESTs) previously mapped in the DD region. The three known genes (ATP2A2, PPP1CC, and SCA2) and the 10 ESTs mapped within the critical region are not obvious candidates for the DD gene. Therefore, this detailed integrated physical, genetic, and partial transcript map provides an important resource for the isolation of the DD gene and, possibly, other disease genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Monk
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
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