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Ukwenya VO, Alese MO, Ogunlade B, Folorunso IM, Omotuyi OI. Anacardium occidentale leaves extract and riboceine mitigate hyperglycemia through anti-oxidative effects and modulation of some selected genes associated with diabetes. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:455-468. [PMID: 37255827 PMCID: PMC10225389 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the leading causes of death globally and complications of DM have become a major health concern. Anacardium occidentale is a plant widely recognized for its hypoglycemic properties and traditionally used in developing nations as remedy for DM treatment. Riboceine is a supplement that enhances production of glutathione and known for its vital role in supporting cellular function. This study was designed to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of riboceine and ethanolic extract of A. occidentale leaves in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Method Twenty-nine adult male Wistar rats were induced with DM intraperitoneally using a single dose of STZ (70 mg/kg). The STZ-induced rats were divided into groups and administered the same dose (100 mg/kg) of A. occidentale leaves extract and riboceine via gastric gavage at the dose (100 mg/kg) for seventeen days while metformin (40 mg/kg) was used as positive control. Fasting blood glucose and weight of the model rats were examined periodically. Activities of total protein, creatinine, urea, antioxidants (SOD, GSH and GPX), and level of serum insulin were determined. Expression of diabetes related genes including pancreas (Insulin, pdx-1, P16NK4A, and Mki-67), Liver (FAS, ACC, and GFAT) and KIM-1 genes were also determined. Results Data showed that treatment of STZ-induced diabetic rats with A. occidentale and riboceine at the same dose significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated hyperglycemic effects by improving hepatic and renal functions and antioxidants, preventing hepatic fat accumulation by downregulation of ACC, FAS and GFAT expression, improving β-cell functions through up-regulation of pancreatic insulin, P16NK4A, Mki-67 and pdx-1 expression. Induction of diabetes upregulated mRNA expression of KIM-1, which was ameliorated after treatment of the rats with A. occidentale and riboceine. Conclusion The results obtained in this study demonstrate significant antidiabetic properties of ethanolic extract of A. occidentale and riboceine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704 Nigeria
| | - Margaret Olutayo Alese
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Babatunde Ogunlade
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704 Nigeria
| | - Ibukun Mary Folorunso
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Olaposi Idowu Omotuyi
- Institute for Drug Research and Development, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Adelakun SA, Ukwenya VO, Akintunde OW. Vitamin B 12 ameliorate Tramadol-induced oxidative stress, endocrine imbalance, apoptosis and NO/iNOS/NF-κB expression in Sprague Dawley rats through regulatory mechanism in the pituitary-gonadal axis. Tissue Cell 2021; 74:101697. [PMID: 34923198 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at the effect of vitamin B12 (VB12) on tramadol (TRM) induced pituitary-gonadal Axis toxicity. Thirty-two (32) adult male rats were randomized into four groups of eight (n = 8) rats each. Group A served as control was given 1 mL normal saline, group B received 50 mg /kg bwt TRM, group C received 0.5 mg/kg bwt VB12 and group D received 50 mg /kg bwt TRM and 0.5 mg/kg bwt VB12 through gastric gavage daily for 8 weeks. Parameters tested include sperm parameter, male reproductive hormone, testicular histology, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), acid phosphate (ACP), and alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity, steroidogenic protein, cytochrome P450 A1, nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor- kappa B (NF-κB), oxidative and antioxidant makers. Tramadol significantly decreases sperm quality, hormone, steroidogenic protein, cytochrome P450 A1, ACP, ALP, and increases glucose, LDH, oxidative stress, mtTFA, and UCP2, p53 expression, NO, iNOS, NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and caspase-3 activity. Degenerative alterations of the testes' and pituitary architecture and perturbation of spermatogenesis were observed in TRM-treated rats. The intervention of VB12 downregulated testicular oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, glucose, lactate, LDH, p53, caspase-3, mtTFA, and UCP2. And upregulate antioxidant, sperm quality, hormone, and spermatogenic cells. Vitamin B12 exhibited mitigation against TRM-induced testicular dysfunction via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunday Aderemi Adelakun
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Olalekan Wasiu Akintunde
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
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Ilesanmi OS, Akosile PO, Afolabi AA, Ukwenya VO. Handling Distrust on Risk Communication in Nigeria: A Strategy to Strengthening the COVID-19 Outbreak Response. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2021; 17:e27. [PMID: 34308825 PMCID: PMC8458859 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2021.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the level of trust in the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk communication efforts in Nigeria. METHODS We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among community members aged 15 years and above in Ondo State in October, 2020. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics were summarized using frequencies. Trust was ranked from "1" suggesting "Low level of trust" to "7" denoting "High level of trust". We conducted Chi-square test between respondents' level of trust in the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) and socio-demographic characteristics. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Among the 691 respondents, 244 (35.3%) were aged 21 to 29 years, and 304 (51.4%) accessed COVID-19 information through the NCDC. Overall, 205 (41.8%) had high level of trust in the NCDC, and 51 (51.5%) individuals aged 30-39 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (χ2 = 17.455; p = 0.001). Also, 114 (48.5%) persons who lived with children below 18 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (χ2 = 8.266; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION Policy-makers should prioritize the involvement of young and educated persons in COVID-19 risk communication strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Ogunlade B, Adelakun SA, Ukwenya VO, Elemoso TT. Potentiating response of D- Ribose-L-Cysteine on Sodium arsenate- induced hormonal imbalance, spermatogenesis impairments and histomorphometric alterations in adult male Wistar rat. JBRA Assist Reprod 2021; 25:358-367. [PMID: 34105922 PMCID: PMC8312294 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20200109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Reproductive toxicity is an important health challenge, mostly associated with exposure to several environmental toxicants. Arsenic is a ubiquitous toxic compound naturally present in the environment. This study was carried out to evaluate the dietary supplements of D-Ribose-L-Cysteine against sodium arsenate-induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 32 male rats (150-250g) were randomly divided into four (4) groups (n=8). Group A received normal saline as placebo; Group B received 8mg/kg BW of Sodium arsenate only; Group C received 8mg/kg BW of Sodium arsenate and 10 mg/kg BW of D-Ribose- L-cysteine; Group D received 8mg/kg BW of Sodium arsenate and 30 mg/kg BW of D-Ribose- L-cysteine. All administration was done via oral gavage for 28 days, thereafter the animals were sedated with pentobarbital sodium (intraperitoneally); we obtained testes and blood serum for analysis. Results: The results showed abnormal testicular morphology with degeneration and decrease in spermatogonia, vacuolation and empty lumen, intense necrosis, spermatogenesis disruption (decrease sperm count, motility, viability) and degraded germinal epithelium of the seminiferous tubules, reduction in the hormone profile (FSH, LH, and TT) and oxidative stress parameters (CAT, GSH, and SOD) with a corresponding increase in MDA level in the arsenic-only treated rats (group B) compared to their control counterparts (group A), but it was ameliorated after DRLC administration, both in low and high doses, respectively. Conclusions: D-Ribose-L-Cysteine attenuated distorted testicular morphology, altered semen characteristics, hormone profile, and oxidative stress markers by preventing the deleterious toxicity of sodium arsenate.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ogunlade
- Human Anatomy Department, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State
| | - S A Adelakun
- Human Anatomy Department, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State
| | - V O Ukwenya
- Human Anatomy Department, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State
| | - T T Elemoso
- Human Anatomy Department, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State
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Olabiyi AA, AlliSmith YR, Ukwenya VO. Quercetin enhances sexual behavior and improves ectonucleotidases activity in the hypothalamus of rats treated with cyclosporine. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13864. [PMID: 34263471 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to confirm the erectile potential of Quercetin (Q) in cyclosporine-induced hypertensive rats, this research assesses the influence of Q on the ectonucleotidases and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the brains of rats. Male Wistar rats (200 g-250 g) were divided into five groups at random: Normal control (CTRL), cyclosporine-induced hypertensive rats (25 mg kg day-1 ) (HT) group, positive control (Sildenafil [SIL], 5 mg kg day-1 ), Quercetin 25 mg kg day-1 (25 Q), and Quercetin 50 mg kg day-1 (50 Q). Aside from standard diet-fed male rats; cyclosporine was given i.p for the period of 30 days as well as Q orally while the female rats were only given a standard diet. The animals were subjected to sexual activity (copulation) after which the male rat hypothalamus was dissected for biochemical examination (E-NTPDase activities, ecto-5'-nucleotidase as well as ADA and also levels of nitric oxide [NO]). We observed that Q enhanced copulatory behavior as evident in mounting, intromission, ejaculation numbers, and latencies. A substantial (p < .05) increase in the activity of E-NTPDase (ATP and ADP as substrate) without any notable difference in the action of ecto-5' nucleotidase was facilitated by cyclosporine-induction when compared to the CTRL. The 50 mg/kg, however, had the highest reversal effect in accordance with dose manner. Also, cyclosporine increased ADA activity with a concomitant reduction of NO level while both doses of Q down-regulated ADA activity and, increased NO levels. Enhanced sexual behavior, modulation of ectonucleotidases as well as ADA activity and increased NO levels suggest that Q-rich plant foods may be promising sources of dietary phytonutrients for erectile dysfunction (ED) management. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Behavioral and biochemical assays evaluated showed that Q significantly enhanced sexual behavior as well as improved ATP bioavailability in cyclosporine-induced erectile dysfunctional rats. The modulatory effects of Q on ectonucleotidases, along with its ability to minimize adenosine deaminase activity and increase nitric oxide levels, indicate that Q-rich plants and/or plant foods may be promising sources of dietary phytonutrients for erectile dysfunction management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Augustine Olabiyi
- Functional Food and Nutraceutical Unit, Medical Biochemistry Department, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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Akinola BK, Olawuyi TS, Ukwenya VO, Daniel LD, Faleye BC. Protective effects of aloe vera gel (aloe baberdensis Miller) on aluminum chloride-induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. JBRA Assist Reprod 2021; 25:193-201. [PMID: 33507720 PMCID: PMC8083855 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims at investigating the protective effects of aloe vera gel on aluminum chloride-induced testicular toxicity of adult Wistar rats. METHODS Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C, and D) with five animals per group. Group A serves as the control group and received distilled water (1ml/Kg). Group B received distilled water (1ml/Kg) with 100mg/kg b.wt of aluminum chloride daily. Group C received 100mg/kg b.wt of aluminum chloride with 600mg/kg b.wt of Aloe vera gel daily. Group D received 100mg/kg b.wt of aluminum chloride with 5mg/kg b.wt of vitamin C daily. The animals were fed on standard laboratory animal diet and water ad libitum. Administration was via oral cannula for four weeks. The rats were slaughtered using cervical dislocation. The testes were harvested for seminal, biochemical and histological analysis. RESULTS The results demonstrate that the administration of aloe vera gel (AVG) is capable of preventing testicular toxicity due to aluminum chloride. Aluminum chloride caused a significant change in the testes and seminal parameters of group B when compared to the control animals. The level of Nitric oxide (NO) increased and the level of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased significantly in rats treated with aluminum chloride. CONCLUSIONS The administration of aloe vera gel showed a preventive response in aluminum-induced testicular toxicity of rats as evidenced by histological and biochemical analysis.
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Ukwenya VO, Fuwape TA, Fadahunsi TI, Ilesanmi OS. Disparities in knowledge, attitude, and practices of infection prevention and control of Lassa fever among health care workers at The Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 38:357. [PMID: 34367436 PMCID: PMC8308862 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.357.26208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION the knowledge and practices on Lassa fever (LF) infection prevention and control (IPC) remains poor among health workers in Nigeria despite LF endemicity. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of healthcare workers at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo towards LF. METHODS this was a cross-sectional study among 451 healthcare workers who were enrolled using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS version 23. Adequate knowledge, positive attitude, and good practice of LF infection, prevention, and control were determined by the proportion of respondents who scored >80% in each category. Descriptive statistics were done. Associations were explored using Chi-square tests. RESULTS the mean age of respondents was 37.95±8.43 years, and 169 (37.5%) were doctors. The mean overall knowledge score was 18.33±2.14, and 236 (52.3%) had appropriate knowledge, 109 (24.2%) had a positive attitude, while 351 (77.8%) demonstrated adequate preventive practices towards LFIPC. Laboratory scientists had five times the odds of appropriate knowledge of LF IPC (OR=4.886; 95%CI: 1.580-15.107). Pharmacists had ten times odds of positive attitude towards LF IPC (OR=10.093; 95%CI= 1.055-95.516). Pharmacists had nine times odds of good LF IPC practices (OR=8.755; 95%CI=1.028-74.531). CONCLUSION disparities in knowledge, attitude, and practices of LF IPC exist among healthcare workers. To strengthen IPC, intervention strategies like training to address such gaps are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Temiloluwa Adeola Fuwape
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Virginia, United States of America
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Ukwenya VO, Adelakun SA, Elekofehinti OO. Exploring the antidiabetic potential of compounds isolated from Anacardium occidentale using computational aproach: ligand-based virtual screening. In Silico Pharmacol 2021; 9:25. [PMID: 33868895 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-021-00084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is becoming an important public health challenge worldwide and especially in developing nations. About 8.8 percent of the world adult population has been reported to have diabetes. Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFAT1) catalyses the first committed step in the pathway for biosynthesis of hexosamines in mammals, and its inhibition has been thought to prevent hyperglycaemia. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), on the other hand, degrades hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an enzyme that plays a major role in the enhancement of glucose-dependent insulin secretion, making these two proteins candidate targets for diabetes. To find potential inhibitors of DPP-4 and GFAT1 from Anacardium occidentale using a computational approach, glide XP (extra precision) docking, Induced Fit Docking (IFD), Binding free energy of the compounds were determined against prepared crystal structure of DPP-4 and GFAT1 using the Maestro molecular interface of Schrödinger suites. The Lipinski's rule of five (RO5) and ADME properties of the compounds were assessed. Predictive models for both protein targets were built using AutoQSAR. This study identified 8 hit compounds. Most of these compounds passed the RO5 and were within the recommended range for defined ADME parameters. In addition, the predicted pIC50 for the hit compounds were promising. The results obtained from the present study can be used to design an antidiabetic drug. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-021-00084-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Aderemi Adelakun
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Olusola Olalekan Elekofehinti
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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Adelakun SA, Ukwenya VO, Akingbade GT, Omotoso OD, Aniah JA. Interventions of aqueous extract of Solanum melongena fruits (garden eggs) on mercury chloride induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Biomed J 2020; 43:174-182. [PMID: 32387269 PMCID: PMC7283571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solanum melongena (SM) is commonly known as the garden egg fruit or eggplant. It can be eaten fresh or cooked and has a large history of consumption in West Africa. This study focused on interventions of aqueous extract of SM (garden eggs) fruits on Mercury chloride (HgCl2) induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. METHODS Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (A-D) of eight (n = 8) rats each. Group A Served as control and was given 10 ml/kg/day of distilled water, Group B- 500 mg/kg B.W of SM, Group C received 40 mg/kg B.W HgCl2 and Group D- 500 mg/kg B.W of SM and 40 mg/kg B.W HgCl2). The administration was done by gastric gavage once a day, for twenty-eight consecutive days. Testicular weight, semen analysis revealing the sperm count and sperm motility were assessed, gross parameters of the testis and testicular histology were assessed. Testicular oxidative stress markers viz a viz malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were also assessed. RESULTS assessment of the histological profiles of the testes showed a derangement of the cytoarchitecture and deterioration of sperm quality after HgCl2 administration and a marked improvement was observed after SM administration. Similarly, SM was associated with increased antioxidant parameters (SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH) and decreased MDA in SM + HgCl2 rats. CONCLUSION It was concluded that S. melongena offers protection against free radical mediated oxidative stress of rats with mercury chloride induced testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunday Aderemi Adelakun
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
| | - Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Grace Temitope Akingbade
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | | | - Julius Akomaye Aniah
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Abuja, Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nigeria
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Olawuyi TS, Ukwenya VO, Jimoh AGA, Akinola KB. Histomorphometric evaluation of seminiferous tubules and stereological assessment of germ cells in testes following administration of aqueous leaf-extract of Lawsonia inermis on aluminium-induced oxidative stress in adult Wistar rats. JBRA Assist Reprod 2019; 23:24-32. [PMID: 30480982 PMCID: PMC6364274 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20180080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the 'Cytoprotective effect of Lawsonia inermis aqueous leaf-extract on aluminium-induced Oxidative stress in Histomorphometric of the Seminiferous tubule and Stereology of Germ Cells of adult male Wistar rats', assessing its effect on the Histomorphometry of the Seminiferous tubule and Stereology of Germ Cells. METHODS Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats, weighing between 100-196g, and fifteen mice of the same weight range were used. Lawsonia inermis extracts and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) were administered for a period of three (3) weeks, with Five (5) rats per group. Group 1 (control), received rat pellets and distilled water. Group 2 received 60mg/kg/d aqueous extract. Group 3 received 0.5mg/kg/d of AlCl3. Group 4 received 0.5mg/kg/d of AlCl3 and 60mg/kg/d of aqueous extract orally. Group 5 received 0.5mg/kg/d of AlCl3 and 75mg/kg/d of aqueous extract orally. Group 6 received 0.5mg/kg/d of AlCl3 and 100mg/kg/d of aqueous extract orally. Group 7 received 0.5mg/k/d of AlCl3 and 5mg/Kg/d of ascorbic acid orally. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, the animals were weighed, sedated with chloroform and blood was collected. The testes were removed and weighed. RESULTS There were statistically significant changes in the percentage of seminiferous tubular and seminiferous ductal diameter within the experimental animals in all the groups (p<0.05). Stereological findings revealed increase in spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, round Spermatids and elongated spematids, spermatozoa, Sertoli cells population of the control rats while the rats given 0.5mg of aluminum chloride per kg of body weight had the lowest value (p<0.05). CONCLUSION In this study, we demonstrated the affected histomorphometry of the seminiferous tubule and stereology of germ cells in testes, where stress impacts were most felt and subsequently translated into drastic reproductive dysfunction and distortion of spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toluwase Solomon Olawuyi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA), Nigeria
| | - Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
- Department of Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA), Nigeria
| | - Abdul Gafar Akanji Jimoh
- Department of Obstrectic & Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Kolade Busuyi Akinola
- Department of Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA), Nigeria
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Ukwenya VO, Afodun AM, Quadri KK, Ashaolu OJ. H' Shaped Bilobate Placental Partition: A Rare Placenta Variation. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:TD05-6. [PMID: 26436016 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/13211.6360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Anomalies of placental growth with respect to its shape have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. A very rare form of 'H' bilobate placental partition was observed in a 31-year-old woman presenting at 24 weeks of gestation. This observation was made during a routine obstetrics scan. Sonographic features showed that it was a non-fibroid partition. The placenta featured anterior and posterior portions separated by a large middle, vertical portion. The placenta was antero-posterior semi-circumferential in shape, measuring approximately 16.70 cm in length and 12.48 cm at shorter chorionic plate (minor axis). The middle, vertical part of the placenta partitioned the uterine cavity into two, creating the impression of two separate gestational sacs. The fetus was located in one of these. The patient was eventually delivered through caesarean section at gestational age (GA) of 36 weeks 6 days. The baby had a low birth weight of 1.70 kg. The early detection of this placental anomaly underlines the importance of ultrasonography in obstetrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
- Faculty, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University , Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Adam Moyosore Afodun
- Faculty, Department of Radiology, Ultrasound Unit, Crystal Specialist Hospital , Akowonjo-Egbeda, Lagos
| | - Khadijah Kofo Quadri
- Faculty, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos , Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olumide James Ashaolu
- Faculty, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bowen University , Iwo, Nigeria
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Ashaolu JO, Oni-orisan OA, Ukwenya VO, Opabunmi OA, Ajao MS. The quadriceps gastrocnemius muscle. Surg Radiol Anat 2013; 36:1101-3. [PMID: 24337388 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-013-1248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The gastrocnemius muscle forms the belly of calf muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg. This paper reports a four-headed gastrocnemius (named quadriceps gastrocnemius) muscle as a new variant and when present can alter the anatomy and/or the boundaries of the popliteal fossa. The four heads are named as medial, intermedio-medial, intermedio-lateral and medial. The newly identified heads, intermedio-medial and intermedio-lateral heads form the inferior boundaries of the popliteal fossa. Clinical conditions like popliteal entrapment syndrome may arise because of distal fossa congestion created by the intermedio-medial and intermedio-lateral heads. This supernumerary heads may also be useful for grafting and they also provide bulkier mass for gastrocnemius proximal attachment. The knowledge of anatomical variants presented is useful to surgeons, prosectors and radiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Ashaolu
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria,
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Ashaolu JO, Ukwenya VO, Opabunmi OA. Multiple abdominal peritoneal and intestinal variations and their accompanying clinical implications. Surg Radiol Anat 2011; 34:377-80. [PMID: 21984195 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-011-0877-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Accessory peritoneal sac and cystoduodenal ligament as peritoneal variations were observed in a cadaver in our laboratory. Slender stomach, thin transverse colon, redundant sigmoid colon, absent ascending colon and doubly distended gall bladder were also reported in the same cadaver. Relevant anatomical and clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Ashaolu
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria.
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