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Luna M, Kamariski M, Principi I, Bocanegra V, Vallés PG. Severely ill pediatric patients with Shiga toxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) who suffered from multiple organ involvement in the early stage. Pediatr Nephrol 2021; 36:1499-1509. [PMID: 33205220 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-020-04829-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) is the main cause of pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) in Argentina. Endothelial injury is the trigger event in the microangiopathic process. The host inflammatory response to toxin and E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is involved in disease pathophysiology. METHODS This retrospective study describes pediatric STEC-HUS patients with multiorgan involvement at the initial phase of disease. A retrospective study of critically ill HUS patients with evidence of E. coli infection was conducted through a period of 15 years. RESULTS Forty-four patients 35.4 ± 4.1 months were admitted to the intensive care unit for 21 ± 2 days. Mechanical ventilation was required in 41 patients, early inotropic support in 37, and 28 developed septic shock. Forty-one patients required kidney replacement therapy for 12 ± 1 days. Forty-one patients showed neurological dysfunction. Dilated cardiomyopathy was demonstrated in 3 patients, left ventricular systolic dysfunction in 4, and hypertension in 17. Four patients had pulmonary hemorrhage, and acute respiratory distress syndrome in 2. Colectomy for transmural colonic necrosis was performed in 3 patients. Thirty-seven patients were treated with therapeutic plasma exchange, and 28 patients received methylprednisolone (10 mg/kg for 3 days). Of the surviving 32 patients, neurological sequelae were seen in 11 and chronic kidney failure in 5. CONCLUSIONS Severe clinical outcome at onset suggests an amplified inflammatory response after exposure to Shiga toxin and/or E. coli LPS. STEC-HUS associated with severe neurological involvement, hemodynamic instability, and AKI requires intensive care and focused therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Luna
- Servicio de Nefrología, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Humberto Notti, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Mariana Kamariski
- Servicio de Nefrología, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Humberto Notti, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Iliana Principi
- Servicio de Nefrología, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Humberto Notti, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Victoria Bocanegra
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Patricia G Vallés
- Servicio de Nefrología, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Humberto Notti, Mendoza, Argentina. .,Área de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
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2
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Vallés PG, Bocanegra V, Costantino VV, Gil Lorenzo AF, Benardon ME, Cacciamani V. The renal antioxidative effect of losartan involves heat shock protein 70 in proximal tubule cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:753-766. [PMID: 32447546 PMCID: PMC7479660 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01119-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II exerts a cardinal role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and renal injury via action of angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptors. Local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity is essential for the mechanisms mediating pathophysiological functions. Proximal tubular angiotensinogen and tubular AT1 receptors are augmented by intrarenal angiotensin II. Caveolin 1 plays an important role as a regulatory molecule for the compartmentalization of redox signaling events through angiotensin II-induced NADPH oxidase activation in the kidney. A role for the renin-angiotensin system in the development and/or maintenance of hypertension has been demonstrated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Many effects of angiotensin II are dependent on the AT1 stimulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by NADPH oxidase. Angiotensin II upregulation stimulates oxidative stress in proximal tubules from SHR. The NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) is abundantly expressed in kidney proximal tubule cells. Induction of the stress response includes synthesis of heat shock protein 70, a molecular chaperone that has a critical role in the recovery of cells from stress and in cytoprotection, guarding cells from subsequent insults. HSP70 chaperones function in part by driving the molecular triage decision, which determines whether proteins enter the productive folding pathway or result in client substrate ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. This review examines regulation of losartan-mediated antioxidative stress responses by the chaperone HSP70 in proximal tubule cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia G Vallés
- Área de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
- IMBECU CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Victoria Bocanegra
- IMBECU CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Valeria V Costantino
- IMBECU CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Andrea F Gil Lorenzo
- Área de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Benardon
- Área de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Valeria Cacciamani
- IMBECU CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), Mendoza, Argentina
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Cabrillana ME, Bocanegra V, Monclus MA, Lancellotti TS, Simón L, Funes AK, Colombo R, Ruiz Estrabón M, Vincenti AE, Oliva R, Fornés MW. ODF1, sperm flagelar protein is expressed in kidney collecting ducts of rats. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02932. [PMID: 31867458 PMCID: PMC6906709 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ODF1 has been described as an exclusively expressed testicular protein and is located in the outer dense fibers along the sperm tail. ODF1 has been involved in the sperm motility and in the development of the flagellum, but the function of ODF1 is not already clear. Other ODF proteins, such as ODF2 have been characterized in other tissues like the basal body of the kidney primary cilium, but so far only the mRNA of ODF1 has been described in other tissues. These observations let us to hypothesize that the expression of the protein ODF1 could not be limited to the testis. Therefore, in the present work we proposed to evaluate if the ODF1 protein could also be present in tissues other than the testis. Here we demonstrated through western blot, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR techniques that the protein and mRNA of ODF1 have been identified in the rat kidney. Finally, the presence of ODF1 in kidney has also been confirmed through proteomic analysis using mass spectrometry. The results derived from these different complementary approaches indicate that, to our knowledge and for the first time, ODF1 is demonstrated to be present in an additional organ different to testis. This results raise new questions about potential other functions and locations of the ODF1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Cabrillana
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.,Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Aconcagua, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - V Bocanegra
- IMBECU-CONICET, UNCuyo (National University of Cuyo), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - M A Monclus
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.,Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Aconcagua, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Te Saez Lancellotti
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.,Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Aconcagua, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - L Simón
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - A K Funes
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - R Colombo
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - M Ruiz Estrabón
- Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Aconcagua, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - A E Vincenti
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - R Oliva
- Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, And Hospital Clinic, Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M W Fornés
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.,Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Aconcagua, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
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Lafalla Manzano AF, Gil Lorenzo AF, Bocanegra V, Costantino VV, Cacciamani V, Benardon ME, Vallés PG. Rab7b participation on the TLR4 (Toll-like receptor) endocytic pathway in Shiga toxin-associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). Cytokine 2019; 121:154732. [PMID: 31153054 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inflammatory response of the host to Shiga toxin and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Escherichia coli (E. coli) is included in (HUS). The TLR4-LPS complex is internalized and TLR4 induced inflammatory signaling is stopped by targeting the complex for degradation. Rab7b, a small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) expressed in monocytes, regulates the later stages of the endocytic pathway. OBJECTIVE we studied the Rab7b participation on the TLR4 endocytic pathway and its effect on monocyte cytokine production along the acute course of pediatric Shiga toxin-associated HUS. METHODS AND RESULTS Monocytes were identified according to their positivity in CD14 expression. Surface TLR4 expression in monocytes from 18 HUS patients significantly increased by day 1 to 6, showing the highest increase on day 4 compared to monocytes of 10 healthy children. Significant higher surface TLR4 expression was accompanied by increased proinflammatory intracellular cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). In contrast, after these time points, surface TLR4 expression and intracellular TNF-α levels, returned to near control levels after 10 days. Furthermore, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy proved colocalization of increased intracellular TLR4/Rab7b determined by Pearson's coefficient in monocytes from HUS patients from day 1 on the highest colocalization of both proteins by day 4. Decreased TLR4/Rab7b colocalization was shown 10 days after HUS onset. CONCLUSION The colocalization of TLR4 and Rab7b allows us to suggest Rab7b participation in the control of the TLR4 endocytic pathway in HUS patient monocytes. A consequential fall in cytokine production throughout the early follow up of HUS is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Fernanda Gil Lorenzo
- Área de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Victoria Bocanegra
- IMBECU-CONICET (Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Argentina
| | - Valeria Victoria Costantino
- IMBECU-CONICET (Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Argentina
| | - Valeria Cacciamani
- IMBECU-CONICET (Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Benardon
- Área de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Patricia G Vallés
- Área de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina; IMBECU-CONICET (Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Argentina; Hospital Pediátrico Humberto J. Notti, Servicio de Nefrología, Ministerio de Salud, Mendoza, Argentina.
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Vallés PG, Bocanegra V, Gil Lorenzo A, Costantino VV. Physiological Functions and Regulation of the Na+/H+ Exchanger [NHE1] in Renal Tubule Epithelial Cells. Kidney Blood Press Res 2015; 40:452-66. [PMID: 26304834 DOI: 10.1159/000368521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform-1 [NHE1] is a ubiquitously expressed plasma membrane protein that plays a central role in intracellular pH and cell volume homeostasis by catalyzing an electroneutral exchange of extracellular sodium and intracellular hydrogen. Outside of this important physiological function, the NHE1 cytosolic tail domain acts as a molecular scaffold regulating cell survival and actin cytoskeleton organization through NHE1-dependent signaling proteins. NHE1 plays main roles in response to physiological stress conditions which in addition to cell shrinkage and acidification, include hypoxia and mechanical stimuli, such as cell stretch. NHE1-mediated modulation of programmed cell death results from the exchanger-mediated changes in pHi, cell volume, and/or [Na+]I; and, it has recently become known that regulation of cellular signaling pathways are involved as well. This review focuses on NHE1 functions and regulations. We describe evidence showing how these structural actions integrate with ion translocation in regulating renal tubule epithelial cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia G Vallés
- x00C1;rea de Fisiologx00ED;a Patolx00F3;gica, Departamento de Patologx00ED;a, Facultad de Ciencias Mx00E9;dicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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6
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Gil Lorenzo AF, Costantino VV, Appiolaza ML, Cacciamani V, Benardon ME, Bocanegra V, Vallés PG. Heat Shock Protein 70 and CHIP Promote Nox4 Ubiquitination and Degradation within the Losartan Antioxidative Effect in Proximal Tubule Cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2015; 36:2183-97. [PMID: 26279425 DOI: 10.1159/000430184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin II/Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) effects are dependent on ROS production stimulated by NADPH oxidase activation. Hsp70 regulates a diverse set of signaling pathways through their interactions with proteins. CHIP is a E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets proteins for polyubiquitination and degradation. AIM We study whether Hsp70/CHIP contribute to the negative regulation of Nox4 after AT1R blockage. METHODS/RESULTS Primary culture of proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTCs) from SHR and WKY were stimulated with Angiotensin II (AII) or treated with Losartan (L) or Losartan plus Angiotensin II (L+AII). Losartan decreased AT1R and Nox4 while enhancing caveolin-1 and Hsp70 protein expression in SHR PTCs. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence proved interaction and colocalization of increased Hsp70/CHIP with decreased Nox4 in SHR PTCs (L) vs (All). Hsp72 knockdown resulted in enhanced Nox4 protein levels, NADPH oxidase activity and ROS generation in (L+AII) revealing that Losartan was unable to abrogate AII effects on Nox4 expression and oxidative activity. Moreover, MG132 exposed PTCs (L) demostrated blocked ubiquitinated Nox4 degradation and increased colocalization of Nox4/Ubiquitin by inmunofluorescence. Conversely, Hsp72 depletion reduced Nox4/Ubiquitin colocalization causing Nox4 upregulation due to proteosomal degradation inhibition, although Losartan treatment. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that Hsp70 and CHIP mediates the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of Nox4 as part of the antioxidative effect of Losartan in SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea F Gil Lorenzo
- IMBECU-CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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Bocanegra V, Gil Lorenzo AF, Cacciamani V, Benardón ME, Costantino VV, Vallés PG. RhoA and MAPK signal transduction pathways regulate NHE1-dependent proximal tubule cell apoptosis after mechanical stretch. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 307:F881-9. [PMID: 25080524 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00232.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical deformation after congenital ureteral obstruction is traduced into biochemical signals leading to tubular atrophy due to epithelial cell apoptosis. We investigated whether Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 1 (NHE1) could be responsible for HK-2 cell apoptosis induction in response to mechanical stretch through its ability to function as a control point of RhoA and MAPK signaling pathways. When mechanical stretch was applied to HK-2 cells, cell apoptosis was associated with diminished NHE1 expression and RhoA activation. The RhoA signaling pathway was confirmed to be upstream from the MAPK cascade when HK-2 cells were transfected with the active RhoA-V14 mutant, showing higher ERK1/2 expression and decreased p38 activation associated with NHE1 downregulation. NHE1 participation in apoptosis induction was confirmed by specific small interfering RNA NHE1 showing caspase-3 activation and decreased Bcl-2 expression. The decreased NHE1 expression was correlated with abnormal NHE1 activity addressed by intracellular pH measurements. These results demonstrate that mitochondrial proximal tubule cell apoptosis in response to mechanical stretch is orchestrated by signaling pathways initiated by the small GTPase RhoA and followed by the opposing effects of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, regulating NHE1 decreased expression and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bocanegra
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - Andrea Fernanda Gil Lorenzo
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - Valeria Cacciamani
- Área de Fisiología Patológica, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Benardón
- Área de Fisiología Patológica, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Valeria Victoria Costantino
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - Patricia G Vallés
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Área de Fisiología Patológica, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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Abstract
The innate immune system plays an important role as a first response to tissue injury. This first response is carried out via germline-encoded receptors. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the first identified and best studied family of pattern recognition receptors. TLRs are expressed on a variety of cell types, including epithelial cells, endothelia, dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages, and B- and T-cells. TLRs initiate innate immune responses and concurrently shape the subsequent adaptive immune response. They are sensors of both pathogens, through the exogenous pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and tissue injury, through the endogenous danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). TLR signaling is critical in defending against invading microorganisms; however, sustained receptor activation is also implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Ischemic kidney injury involves early TLR-driven immunopathology, and the resolution of inflammation is needed for rapid regeneration of injured tubule cells. Notably, the activation of TLRs also has been implicated in epithelial repair. This review focuses on the role of TLRs and their endogenous ligands within the inflammatory response of acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia G Vallés
- Área de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina ; National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Gil Lorenzo
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Victoria Bocanegra
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roberto Vallés
- Instituto de Inmunología Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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Luna M, Bocanegra V, Vallés PG. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis: rapidly progressive necrotizing glomerulonephritis in a pediatric patient. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2014; 7:153-6. [PMID: 24790466 PMCID: PMC4003264 DOI: 10.2147/ijnrd.s57109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is associated with a broad range of clinical manifestations including renal disease. It is a systemic vasculitis that is rarely encountered in children. We present a 14-year-old girl who suffered from pharyngitis 1 week before admittance to hospital. She was admitted for macroscopic hematuria and oliguria, under the possibility of nephritic syndrome. Renal failure with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis occurred within 24 hours. Immunologic tests showed the presence of type-C anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (c-ANCA with antiproteinase 3 specificity) and renal biopsy revealed pauci-immune crescentic focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Treatment including methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide intravenous pulses allowed renal recovery after 3 weeks. The clinical, hematological, and biochemical parameters improved substantially, achieving remission. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, although rare in children, should be considered in the above clinical scenario. This case underlines that knowledge of renal histology diagnosis and early aggressive immunosuppressive therapy are essential for the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Luna
- Nephrology Division, Pediatric Department, Dr Humberto Notti Pediatric Hospital, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Victoria Bocanegra
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia G Vallés
- Nephrology Division, Pediatric Department, Dr Humberto Notti Pediatric Hospital, Mendoza, Argentina ; Pathophysiology Area, Pathology Department, School of Medicine, National Cuyo University, Mendoza, Argentina
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Gil Lorenzo AF, Bocanegra V, Benardon ME, Cacciamani V, Vallés PG. Hsp70 regulation on Nox4/p22phox and cytoskeletal integrity as an effect of losartan in vascular smooth muscle cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:115-34. [PMID: 23761196 PMCID: PMC3857436 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-013-0439-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of signaling cascades are activated after angiotensin II binds to angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R), a peptide that is an important mediator of oxidative stress. Hsp70 regulates a diverse set of signaling pathways through interactions with proteins. Here, we tested the hypothesis of angiotensin II AT1R inhibition effect on Hsp70 interaction with Nox4/p22phox complex and Hsp70 leading to actin cytoskeleton modulation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). SHR and Wistar-Kyotto rats (VSMCs from 8 to 10 weeks) were stimulated with angiotensin II (100 nmol/L) for 15 min (AII), treated with losartan (100 nmol/L) for 90 min (L), and with losartan for 90 min plus angiotensin in the last 15 min (L + AII). Whereas SHR VSMCs exposure to angiotensin II overexpressed AT1R and Nox4 nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and slightly downregulated caveolin-1 expression, losartan decreased AT1R protein levels and increased caveolin-1 and Hsp70 expression in SHR VSMC membranes. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy proved interaction and colocalization of membrane translocated Hsp70 and Nox4/p22phox. Increased levels of Hsp70 contrast with the decreased immunoprecipitation of Nox4/p22phox and RhoA in membranes from SHR VSMCs (L) vs SHR VSMCs (AII). Hsp72 depletion resulted in higher Nox4 expression and increased NADPH oxidase activity in VSMCs (L + AII) from SHR when contrasted with nontransfected VSMCs (L + AII). After Hsp72 knockdown in SHR VSMCs, losartan could not impair angiotensin II-enhanced stress fiber formation and focal adhesion assembly. In conclusion, our data showing a negative regulation of Hsp70 on Nox4/p22phox demonstrates a possible mechanism in explaining the antioxidative function joined to cytoskeletal integrity modulation within the effects of losartan in VSMCs from SHR.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology
- Caveolin 1/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytoskeleton/drug effects
- Cytoskeleton/metabolism
- HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism
- HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics
- HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism
- Losartan/pharmacology
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- NADPH Oxidase 4
- NADPH Oxidases/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/chemistry
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Bocanegra
- />IMBECU-CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Benardon
- />Área de Fisiología Patológica, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Universitario, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Valeria Cacciamani
- />Área de Fisiología Patológica, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Universitario, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Patricia G. Vallés
- />IMBECU-CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), Mendoza, Argentina
- />Área de Fisiología Patológica, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Universitario, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
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Bocanegra V, Rinaldi Tosi M, Gil Lorenzo A, Cacciamani V, Manucha W, Fornés M, Vallés PG. Angiotensin AT(1) receptor inhibition-induced apoptosis by RhoA GTPase activation and pERK1/2 signaling pathways in neonatal obstructive nephropathy. Histol Histopathol 2012; 27:919-30. [PMID: 22648547 DOI: 10.14670/hh-27.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Intrarenal renin-Angiotensin system (RAS) activity is increased during early development and is further enhanced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). We studied the involvement of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase members and the RhoA GTPase signaling pathways on the regulation of renal cell response after AT1 Angiotensin II receptor inhibition in obstruction. Neonatal rats subjected to sham operation or complete UUO within the first 48 hours of life received saline vehicle, Losartan (AT1 inhibitor), or PD-123319 (AT2 inhibitor) during the first 14 days of life. Cortex tubular epithelial cell apoptotic response was shown by TUNEL and confirmed by electron microscopy associated with mitochondrial signaling pathway through the increased proapoptotic ratio Bax/BcL-2, and consequently increased caspase 3 expression and activity in obstructed kidney before and after Type 1 (AT1) receptor blockade. Non injury of contralateral kidney was shown. The convergence of two independent signal pathways, the RhoA GTPase and pERK and concurrent inhibition of JNK MAP kinase, were required for the apoptotic response in 14 day kidney obstructed tubular cells either with or without Losartan treatment. Absence of increased AT2 protein expression after AT1 receptor inhibition on day 14 of obstruction was shown. Selective AngiotensinAT2-receptor inhibition with PD-123319 had no protective effect on the renal response to complete 14 day UUO. We suggest a role of both RhoA GTPase activation and the opposing actions of the ERK and JNK-MAP kinase signaling pathways as events involved in tubular cell apoptosis regulation in neonatal UUO. The selective AT1-receptor inhibition had no effect on the renal cellular response in the kidney subjected to UUO for 14 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bocanegra
- MBECU-CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina)
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Rinaldi Tosi ME, Bocanegra V, Manucha W, Gil Lorenzo A, Vallés PG. The Nrf2-Keap1 cellular defense pathway and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) response. Role in protection against oxidative stress in early neonatal unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:57-68. [PMID: 20734248 PMCID: PMC3024087 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Perturbation of renal tubular antioxidants and overproduction of reactive oxygen species may amplify the proinflammatory state of renal obstruction, culminating in oxidative stress and tubular loss. Here, we analyzed the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) response and the function and signal transduction of NF-E2-related protein 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor on oxidative stress modulation in obstruction. Rats were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction or sham operation and kidneys harvested at 5, 7, 10, and 14 days after obstruction. Hsp70 expression and Nrf2 activity and its downstream target gene products were assessed. After 10 and 14 days of obstruction, enhanced lipid peroxidation through higher thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels and increased oxidative stress resulted in reduced total antioxidant activity and enhanced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced (NADPH) oxidase activity were demonstrated. This was accompanied by decreased inducible Hsp70 expression and a progressive reduction of nuclear Nrf2 and its target gene products glutathione S-transferase A2 (GSTA2) and NADPH/quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), whereas the Nrf2 repressor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1) was upregulated. By contrast, on early obstruction for 7 days, lack of increased oxidative markers associated with higher inducible Hsp70 protein levels and a rapid nuclear accumulation of Nrf2, Keap1 downregulation, and mRNA induction of the identified Nrf2-dependent genes, NQO1 and GSTA2, were shown. For these results, we suggest that the magnitude of cytoprotection in early obstruction depends on the combined contribution of induced activation of Nrf2 upregulating its downstream gene products and Hsp70 response. Impaired ability to mount the biological response to the prevailing oxidative stress leading to renal injury was shown in prolonged obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin E. Rinaldi Tosi
- Área de Farmacología y Toxicología, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- IMBECU-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Victoria Bocanegra
- IMBECU-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Walter Manucha
- IMBECU-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Andrea Gil Lorenzo
- IMBECU-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Patricia G. Vallés
- Área de Fisiología Patológica, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Universitario, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
- Área de Farmacología y Toxicología, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- IMBECU-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Mendoza, Argentina
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Manucha W, Kurbán F, Mazzei L, Benardón ME, Bocanegra V, Tosi MR, Vallés P. eNOS/Hsp70 interaction on rosuvastatin cytoprotective effect in neonatal obstructive nephropathy. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 650:487-95. [PMID: 20940012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that statins may exert renoprotective effects beyond cholesterol reduction. The cholesterol-independent or "pleiotropic" effects of statins include the upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Here we determined whether eNOS associated with Hsp70 expression is involved in rosuvastatin resistance to obstruction-induced oxidative stress and cell death. Neonatal rats subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) within two days of birth and controls were treated daily with vehicle or rosuvastatin (10 mg/kg/day) for 14 days. Decreased endogenous nitric oxide (NO) and lower mRNA and protein eNOS expression associated with downregulation of heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1) mRNA and Hsp70 protein levels were observed in the obstructed kidney cortex. Increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADHP) oxidase activity and apoptosis induction, regulated by mitochondrial signal pathway through an increased pro-apoptotic Bax/BcL(2) ratio and caspase 3 activity, were demonstrated. Conversely, in cortex membrane fractions from rosuvastatin-treated UUO rats, marked upregulation of eNOS expression at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels linked to increased Hsf1 mRNA expression and enhanced mRNA and protein Hsp70 expression, were observed. Consequently, there was an absence of apoptotic response and transiently decreased NADPH oxidase activity. In addition, interaction between eNOS and Hsp70 was determined by communoprecipitation in cortex membrane fractions, showing an increased ratio of both proteins, after rosuvastatin treatment in obstructed kidney. In summary, our data demonstrate that the effect of rosuvastatin on eNOS interacting with Hsp70, results in the capacity of both to prevent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and oxidative stress in neonatal early kidney obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Manucha
- Área de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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