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Tejeda-Mora H, Verhoeven JGHP, Verschoor W, Boer K, Hesselink DA, van den Hoogen MWF, van der Laan LJW, Baan CC, Minnee RC, Hoogduijn MJ. Circulating endothelial cells transiently increase in peripheral blood after kidney transplantation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8915. [PMID: 33903694 PMCID: PMC8076225 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of kidney allograft rejection is based on late histological and clinical markers. Early, specific and minimally-invasive biomarkers may improve rejection diagnosis. Endothelial cells (EC) are one of the earliest targets in kidney transplant rejection. We investigated whether circulating EC (cEC) could serve as an earlier and less invasive biomarker for allograft rejection. Blood was collected from a cohort of 51 kidney transplant recipients before and at multiple timepoints after transplantation, including during a for cause biopsy. The number and phenotype of EC was assessed by flow-cytometric analysis. Unbiased selection of EC was done using principal component (PCA) analysis. Paired analysis revealed a transient cEC increase of 2.1-fold on the third day post-transplant, recovering to preoperative levels at seventh day post-transplant and onwards. Analysis of HLA subtype demonstrated that cEC mainly originate from the recipient. cEC levels were not associated with allograft rejection, allograft function or other allograft pathologies. However, cEC in patients with allograft rejection and increased levels of cEC showed elevated levels of KIM-1 (kidney injury marker-1). These findings indicate that cEC numbers and phenotype are affected after kidney transplantation but may not improve rejection diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tejeda-Mora
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - J G H P Verhoeven
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W Verschoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Boer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D A Hesselink
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M W F van den Hoogen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L J W van der Laan
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C C Baan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R C Minnee
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M J Hoogduijn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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van de Peppel J, Schaaf GJ, Matos AA, Guo Y, Strini T, Verschoor W, Dudakovic A, van Wijnen AJ, van Leeuwen JPTM. Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD24 Marks Bone Marrow-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells with Reduced Proliferative and Differentiation Capacity In Vitro. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:325-336. [PMID: 33593128 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) are fundamental to bone regenerative therapies, tissue engineering, and postmenopausal osteoporosis. Donor variation among patients, cell heterogeneity, and unpredictable capacity for differentiation reduce effectiveness of BMSCs for regenerative cell therapies. The cell surface glycoprotein CD24 exhibits the most prominent differential expression during osteogenic versus adipogenic differentiation of human BMSCs. Therefore, CD24 may represent a selective biomarker for subpopulations of BMSCs with increased osteoblastic potential. In undifferentiated human BMSCs, CD24 cell surface expression is variable among donors (range: 2%-10%) and increased by two to fourfold upon osteogenic differentiation. Strikingly, FACS sorted CD24pos cells exhibit delayed mineralization and reduced capacity for adipocyte differentiation. RNAseq analysis of CD24pos and CD24neg BMSCs identified a limited number of genes with increased expression in CD24pos cells that are associated with cell adhesion, motility, and extracellular matrix. Downregulated genes are associated with cell cycle regulation, and biological assays revealed that CD24pos cells have reduced proliferation. Hence, expression of the cell surface glycoprotein CD24 identifies a subpopulation of human BMSCs with reduced capacity for proliferation and extracellular matrix mineralization. Functional specialization among BMSCs populations may support their regenerative potential and therapeutic success by accommodating cell activities that promote skeletal tissue formation, homeostasis, and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen van de Peppel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerben J Schaaf
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adriana Arruda Matos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yuan Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tanja Strini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wenda Verschoor
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Johannes P T M van Leeuwen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Dedeoglu B, Litjens NHR, Klepper M, Kraaijeveld R, Verschoor W, Baan CC, Betjes MGH. CD4 + CD28 null T cells are not alloreactive unless stimulated by interleukin-15. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:341-350. [PMID: 28858434 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Proinflammatory, cytotoxic CD4+ CD28null T cells can be substantially expanded in patients with end-stage renal disease. These cells have been associated with the risk for rejection, but their alloreactive potential is unknown. CD4+ CD28null T cells were stimulated with HLA-mismatched antigen presenting cells in the absence/presence of exogenous cytokines. Alloreactive potential was evaluated based on proliferation, degranulation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine production. Further, their suppressive capacity was assessed by measuring inhibition of proliferating alloreactive CD28+ T cells. CD4+ CD28null T cells contained alloreactive (CD137+ ) T cells but did not proliferate in response to allogeneic stimulation, unless interleukin (IL)-15 was added. However, they could proliferate on stimulation with cytomegalovirus antigen without exogenous cytokines. IL-15 increased the frequency of proliferating alloreactive CD4+ CD28null T cells to 30.5% without inducing CD28 expression (P < .05). After allogeneic stimulation together with IL-15 and IL-21, frequency of degranulating CD107a+ CD4+ CD28null T cells increased significantly from 0.6% to 5.8% (P < .001). Granzyme B and perforin positivity remained similar, but production of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α increased by the combination of IL-15 and IL-21 (P < .001 and P < .05, respectively). Finally, CD4+ CD28null T cells did not show significant suppression. Thus, CD4+ CD28null T cells represent a population with absent alloreactivity unless IL-15 is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Dedeoglu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N H R Litjens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Klepper
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Kraaijeveld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W Verschoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C C Baan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M G H Betjes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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de Graav GN, Baan CC, Clahsen-van Groningen MC, Kraaijeveld R, Dieterich M, Verschoor W, von der Thusen JH, Roelen DL, Cadogan M, van de Wetering J, van Rosmalen J, Weimar W, Hesselink DA. A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Comparing Belatacept With Tacrolimus After De Novo Kidney Transplantation. Transplantation 2017; 101:2571-2581. [PMID: 28403127 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Belatacept, an inhibitor of the CD28-CD80/86 costimulatory pathway, allows for calcineurin-inhibitor free immunosuppressive therapy in kidney transplantation but is associated with a higher acute rejection risk than ciclosporin. Thus far, no biomarker for belatacept-resistant rejection has been validated. In this randomized-controlled trial, acute rejection rate was compared between belatacept- and tacrolimus-treated patients and immunological biomarkers for acute rejection were investigated. METHODS Forty kidney transplant recipients were 1:1 randomized to belatacept or tacrolimus combined with basiliximab, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisolone. The 1-year incidence of biopsy-proven acute rejection was monitored. Potential biomarkers, namely, CD8CD28, CD4CD57PD1, and CD8CD28 end-stage terminally differentiated memory T cells were measured pretransplantation and posttransplantation and correlated to rejection. Pharmacodynamic monitoring of belatacept was performed by measuring free CD86 on monocytes. RESULTS The rejection incidence was higher in belatacept-treated than tacrolimus-treated patients: 55% versus 10% (P = 0.006). All 3 graft losses, due to rejection, occurred in the belatacept group. Although 4 of 5 belatacept-treated patients with greater than 35 cells CD8CD28 end-stage terminally differentiated memory T cells/μL rejected, median pretransplant values of the biomarkers did not differ between belatacept-treated rejectors and nonrejectors. In univariable Cox regressions, the studied cell subsets were not associated with rejection-risk. CD86 molecules on circulating monocytes in belatacept-treated patients were saturated at all timepoints. CONCLUSIONS Belatacept-based immunosuppressive therapy resulted in higher and more severe acute rejection compared with tacrolimus-based therapy. This trial did not identify cellular biomarkers predictive of rejection. In addition, the CD28-CD80/86 costimulatory pathway appeared to be sufficiently blocked by belatacept and did not predict rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen N de Graav
- 1 Division of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. 2 Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. 3 Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. 4 Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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de Graav GN, Hesselink DA, Dieterich M, Kraaijeveld R, Verschoor W, Roelen DL, Litjens NHR, Chong AS, Weimar W, Baan CC. Belatacept Does Not Inhibit Follicular T Cell-Dependent B-Cell Differentiation in Kidney Transplantation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:641. [PMID: 28620390 PMCID: PMC5450507 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Humoral alloreactivity has been recognized as a common cause of kidney transplant dysfunction. B-cell activation, differentiation, and antibody production are dependent on IL-21+CXCR5+follicular T-helper (Tfh) cells. Here, we studied whether belatacept, an inhibitor of the costimulatory CD28-CD80/86-pathway, interrupts the crosstalk between Tfh- and B-cells more efficiently than the calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus. The suppressive effects of belatacept and tacrolimus on donor antigen-driven Tfh-B-cell interaction were functionally studied in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 40 kidney transplant patients randomized to a belatacept- or tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive regimen. No significant differences in uncultured cells or donor antigen-stimulated cells were found between belatacept- and tacrolimus-treated patients in the CXCR5+Tfh cell generation and activation (upregulation of PD-1). Belatacept and tacrolimus in vitro minimally inhibited Tfh-cell generation (by ~6-7%) and partially prevented Tfh-cell activation (by ~30-50%). The proportion of IL-21+-activated Tfh-cells was partially decreased by in vitro addition of belatacept or tacrolimus (by ~60%). Baseline expressions and proportions of activated CD86+ B-cells, plasmablasts, and transitional B-cells after donor antigen stimulation did not differ between belatacept- and tacrolimus-treated patients. Donor antigen-driven CD86 upregulation on memory B-cells was not fully prevented by adding belatacept in vitro (~35%), even in supratherapeutic doses. In contrast to tacrolimus, belatacept failed to inhibit donor antigen-driven plasmablast formation (~50% inhibition vs. no inhibition, respectively, p < 0.0001). In summary, donor antigen-driven Tfh-B-cell crosstalk is similar in cells obtained from belatacept- and tacrolimus-treated patients. Belatacept is, however, less potent in vitro than tacrolimus in inhibiting Tfh-cell-dependent plasmablast formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen N de Graav
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Transplantation and Nephrology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dennis A Hesselink
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Transplantation and Nephrology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Dieterich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Transplantation and Nephrology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rens Kraaijeveld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Transplantation and Nephrology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wenda Verschoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Transplantation and Nephrology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dave L Roelen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Nicolle H R Litjens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Transplantation and Nephrology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anita S Chong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Willem Weimar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Transplantation and Nephrology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carla C Baan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Transplantation and Nephrology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Dedeoglu B, de Weerd AE, Huang L, Langerak AW, Dor FJ, Klepper M, Verschoor W, Reijerkerk D, Baan CC, Litjens NHR, Betjes MGH. Lymph node and circulating T cell characteristics are strongly correlated in end-stage renal disease patients, but highly differentiated T cells reside within the circulation. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 188:299-310. [PMID: 28142201 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is associated with changes in the peripheral T cell immune system, which can be influenced significantly by latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. To what extent changes in circulating T cell populations correlate with T cell composition of the lymph node (LN) is unclear, but is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the T cell system. T cells from peripheral blood (PB) and LN of end-stage renal disease patients were analysed for frequency of recent thymic emigrants using CD31 expression and T cell receptor excision circle content, relative telomere length and expression of differentiation markers. Compared with PB, LN contained relatively more CD4+ than CD8+ T cells (P < 0·001). The percentage of naive and central memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and thymic output parameters showed a strong linear correlation between PB and LN. Highly differentiated CD28null T cells, being CD27- , CD57+ or programmed death 1 (PD-1+ ), were found almost exclusively in the circulation but not in LN. An age-related decline in naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cell frequency was observed (P = 0·035 and P = 0·002, respectively) within LN, concomitant with an increase in central memory CD8+ T cells (P = 0·033). Latent CMV infection increased dramatically the frequency of circulating terminally differentiated T cells, but did not alter T cell composition and ageing parameters of LN significantly. Overall T cell composition and measures of thymic function in PB and LN are correlated strongly. However, highly differentiated CD28null T cells, which may comprise a large part of circulating T cells in CMV-seropositive individuals, are found almost exclusively within the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Dedeoglu
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A E de Weerd
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A W Langerak
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - F J Dor
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Klepper
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W Verschoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - D Reijerkerk
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C C Baan
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - N H R Litjens
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M G H Betjes
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Litjens NHR, Boer K, Zuijderwijk JM, Klepper M, Peeters AMA, Verschoor W, Kraaijeveld R, Betjes MGH. Natural regulatory T cells from patients with end-stage renal disease can be used for large-scale generation of highly suppressive alloantigen-specific Tregs. Kidney Int 2016; 91:1203-1213. [PMID: 27988212 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural occurring regulatory T cells (nTregs) have the potential to offer a targeted approach of immunosuppression and are the cell type of interest for inducing tolerance in kidney transplantation. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) profoundly affects the composition and function of circulating T cells but little is known with respect to how nTreg potential is affected. To address this, nTregs of patients with ESRD (on dialysis or not) and healthy individuals were isolated, expanded using allogeneic mature monocyte-derived dendritic cells followed by anti-CD3/anti-CD28-coated beads and the different nTregs were extensively characterized by the demethylation status of the Treg-specific demethylated region within FOXP3 and expression of typical nTreg markers. Additionally, the suppressive capacity as well as cytokine producing cells were analyzed for allogeneic mature monocyte-derived dendritic cell-expanded nTregs. Compared to age- and gender-matched healthy individuals, similar frequencies of nTregs were present within the circulation of patients with ESRD either on dialysis or not. The isolated nTregs could be equally well or even better expanded using allogeneic mature monocyte-derived dendritic cells and extensive characterization did not reveal significant differences. The demethylation status of the Treg-specific demethylated region was maintained or even further promoted as was the expression of markers characteristic for nTregs. Moreover, suppressive capacity and the cytokine profile of allogeneic mature monocyte-derived dendritic cell-expanded nTregs was similar to that of healthy individuals. Thus, circulating nTregs of patients with ESRD can effectively be expanded to stable allo antigen-specific nTregs with potential clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle H R Litjens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Karin Boer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joke M Zuijderwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariska Klepper
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek M A Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wenda Verschoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rens Kraaijeveld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel G H Betjes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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8
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Litjens NHR, Boer K, Zuijderwijk JM, Klepper M, Peeters AMA, Prens EP, Verschoor W, Kraaijeveld R, Ozgur Z, van den Hout-van Vroonhoven MC, van IJcken WFJ, Baan CC, Betjes MGH. Allogeneic Mature Human Dendritic Cells Generate Superior Alloreactive Regulatory T Cells in the Presence of IL-15. J Immunol 2015; 194:5282-93. [PMID: 25917092 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Expansion of Ag-specific naturally occurring regulatory T cells (nTregs) is required to obtain sufficient numbers of cells for cellular immunotherapy. In this study, different allogeneic stimuli were studied for their capacity to generate functional alloantigen-specific nTregs. A highly enriched nTreg fraction (CD4(+)CD25(bright)CD127(-) T cells) was alloantigen-specific expanded using HLA-mismatched immature, mature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), or PBMCs. The allogeneic mature moDC-expanded nTregs were fully characterized by analysis of the demethylation status within the Treg-specific demethylation region of the FOXP3 gene and the expression of both protein and mRNA of FOXP3, HELIOS, CTLA4, and cytokines. In addition, the Ag-specific suppressive capacity of these expanded nTregs was tested. Allogeneic mature moDCs and skin-derived DCs were superior in inducing nTreg expansion compared with immature moDCs or PBMCs in an HLA-DR- and CD80/CD86-dependent way. Remarkably, the presence of exogenous IL-15 without IL-2 could facilitate optimal mature moDC-induced nTreg expansion. Allogeneic mature moDC-expanded nTregs were at low ratios (<1:320), potent suppressors of alloantigen-induced proliferation without significant suppression of completely HLA-mismatched, Ag-induced proliferation. Mature moDC-expanded nTregs were highly demethylated at the Treg-specific demethylation region within the FOXP3 gene and highly expressed of FOXP3, HELIOS, and CTLA4. A minority of the expanded nTregs produced IL-10, IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, but few IL-17-producing nTregs were found. Next-generation sequencing of mRNA of moDC-expanded nTregs revealed a strong induction of Treg-associated mRNAs. Human allogeneic mature moDCs are highly efficient stimulator cells, in the presence of exogenous IL-15, for expansion of stable alloantigen-specific nTregs with superior suppressive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle H R Litjens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands;
| | - Karin Boer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joke M Zuijderwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariska Klepper
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek M A Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Errol P Prens
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Wenda Verschoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rens Kraaijeveld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zeliha Ozgur
- Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus Center for Biomics, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Carla C Baan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel G H Betjes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Boer K, Peeters A, Kraaijeveld R, Verschoor W, Litjens N, Betjes M, Weimar W, Baan C. Alloantigen Specific Immunosuppression by Induced Regulatory T Cells in Humans. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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