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Lou W, Zhang H, Luo H, Chen Z, Shi R, Guo X, Zou Y, Liu L, Brito LF, Guo G, Wang Y. Corrigendum to “Genetic analyses of blood β-hydroxybutyrate predicted from milk infrared spectra and its association with longevity and female reproductive traits in Holstein cattle” (J. Dairy Sci. 105:3269–3281). J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:3051. [PMID: 37003636 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-106-4-3051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W Lou
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - H Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - H Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Z Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - R Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Animal Breeding and Genomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - X Guo
- Center of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, Tjele, 8830, Denmark
| | - Y Zou
- Beijing Dairy Cattle Center, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - L Liu
- Beijing Dairy Cattle Center, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - L F Brito
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - G Guo
- Beijing Sunlon Livestock Development Company Limited, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Y Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Li J, Cheng Y, Bai C, Xu J, Shen L, Li J, Zhou Z, Li Z, Chi Y, Yu X, Li E, Xu N, Liu T, Lou W, Bai Y, Yuan X, Wang X, Yuan Y, Chen J, Guan S, Fan S, Su W. Treatment-related adverse events as predictive biomarkers of efficacy in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors treated with surufatinib: results from two phase III studies. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100453. [PMID: 35344750 PMCID: PMC9058866 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background No validated biomarkers currently exist for predicting the efficacy outcomes in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) treated with antiangiogenic therapy. We aimed to evaluate the association between treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and efficacy outcomes of surufatinib in patients with advanced NET. Patients and methods We included patients with NET treated with surufatinib in two multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trials (SANET-p and SANET-ep) in this study. The main exposure was the presence of any of the TRAEs including hypertension, proteinuria, and hemorrhage in the first 4 weeks of surufatinib treatment. The primary outcome of the study was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). PFS outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method with the log-rank test. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated by using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models. Blinded independent image review committee (BIIRC) assessments and 4-week landmark analysis were also performed as supportive evaluations. Results During the study period, a total of 242 patients treated with surufatinib were included in the analysis, and 164 (68%) patients had at least one of hypertension, proteinuria, and hemorrhage in the first 4 weeks of treatment. The presence of TRAEs in the first 4 weeks was associated with prolonged median PFS [11.1 versus 9.2 months; HR 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-0.97; P = 0.036]. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, the presence of TRAEs was also significantly associated with longer PFS (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.97; P = 0.035). Similar results were obtained in the BIIRC assessments and 4-week landmark analysis. Conclusions Treatment-related hypertension, proteinuria, and hemorrhage could be potential biomarkers to predict antitumor efficacy of surufatinib in patients with advanced NET. Future prospective studies are needed to validate the findings. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT02589821; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02589821 and ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02588170; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02588170 Treatment-related hypertension, proteinuria, or hemorrhage is associated with longer survival in NETs. The association is confirmed by the BIIRC assessments and 4-week landmark analysis. TRAEs can be biomarkers to predict antitumor efficacy in patients with NET.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Y Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - C Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - J Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - L Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - J Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Z Zhou
- Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Chi
- National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - X Yu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - E Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - N Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - T Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - W Lou
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - X Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Y Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - S Guan
- Department of Clinical and Regulatory Affairs, HUTCHMED, Shanghai, China
| | - S Fan
- Department of Clinical and Regulatory Affairs, HUTCHMED, Shanghai, China
| | - W Su
- Department of Clinical and Regulatory Affairs, HUTCHMED, Shanghai, China
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3
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Lou W, Zhang H, Luo H, Chen Z, Shi R, Guo X, Zou Y, Liu L, Brito LF, Guo G, Wang Y. Genetic analyses of blood β-hydroxybutyrate predicted from milk infrared spectra and its association with longevity and female reproductive traits in Holstein cattle. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:3269-3281. [PMID: 35094854 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ketosis is one of the most prevalent and complex metabolic disorders in high-producing dairy cows and usually detected through analyses of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentration in blood. Our main objectives were to evaluate genetic parameters for blood BHB predicted based on Fourier-transform mid-infrared spectra from 5 to 305 d in milk, and estimate the genetic relationships of blood BHB with 7 reproduction traits and 6 longevity traits in Holstein cattle. Predicted blood BHB records of 11,609 Holstein cows (after quality control) were collected from 2016 to 2019 and used to derive 4 traits based on parity number, including predicted blood BHB in all parities (BHBp), parity 1 (BHB1), parity 2 (BHB2), and parity 3+ (BHB3). Single- and multitrait repeatability models were used for estimating genetic parameters for the 4 BHB traits. Random regression test-day models implemented via Bayesian inference were used to evaluate the daily genetic feature of BHB variability. In addition, genetic correlations were calculated for the 4 BHB traits with reproduction and longevity traits. The heritability estimates of BHBp, BHB1, BHB2, and BHB3 ranged from 0.100 ± 0.026 (± standard error) to 0.131 ± 0.023. The BHB in parities 1 to 3+ were highly genetically correlated and ranged from 0.788 (BHB1 and BHB2) to 0.911 (BHB1 and BHB3). The daily heritability of BHBp ranged from 0.069 to 0.195, higher for the early and lower for the later lactation periods. A similar trend was observed for BHB1, BHB2, and BHB3. There are low direct genetic correlations between BHBp and selected reproductive performance and longevity traits, which ranged from -0.168 ± 0.019 (BHBp and production life) to 0.157 ± 0.019 (BHBp and age at first calving) for the early lactation stage (5 to 65 d). These direct genetic correlations indicate that cows with higher BHBp (greater likelihood of having ketosis) in blood usually have shorter production life (-0.168 ± 0.019). Cows with higher fertility and postpartum recovery, such as younger age at first calving (0.157 ± 0.019) and shorter interval from calving to first insemination in heifer (0.111 ± 0.006), usually have lower BHB concentration in the blood. Furthermore, the direct genetic correlations change across parity and lactation stage. In general, our results suggest that selection for lower predicted BHB in early lactation could be an efficient strategy for reducing the incidence of ketosis as well as indirectly improving reproductive and longevity performance in Holstein cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Lou
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - H Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - H Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Z Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - R Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Animal Breeding and Genomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - X Guo
- Center of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, Tjele, 8830, Denmark
| | - Y Zou
- Beijing Dairy Cattle Center, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - L Liu
- Beijing Dairy Cattle Center, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - L F Brito
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - G Guo
- Beijing Sunlon Livestock Development Company Limited, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Y Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA); College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Makowski EK, Chen H, Lambert M, Bennett EM, Eschmann NS, Zhang Y, Zupancic JM, Desai AA, Smith MD, Lou W, Fernando A, Tully T, Gallo CJ, Lin L, Tessier PM. Reduction of therapeutic antibody self-association using yeast-display selections and machine learning. MAbs 2022; 14:2146629. [PMID: 36433737 PMCID: PMC9704398 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2022.2146629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-association governs the viscosity and solubility of therapeutic antibodies in high-concentration formulations used for subcutaneous delivery, yet it is difficult to reliably identify candidates with low self-association during antibody discovery and early-stage optimization. Here, we report a high-throughput protein engineering method for rapidly identifying antibody candidates with both low self-association and high affinity. We find that conjugating quantum dots to IgGs that strongly self-associate (pH 7.4, PBS), such as lenzilumab and bococizumab, results in immunoconjugates that are highly sensitive for detecting other high self-association antibodies. Moreover, these conjugates can be used to rapidly enrich yeast-displayed bococizumab sub-libraries for variants with low levels of immunoconjugate binding. Deep sequencing and machine learning analysis of the enriched bococizumab libraries, along with similar library analysis for antibody affinity, enabled identification of extremely rare variants with co-optimized levels of low self-association and high affinity. This analysis revealed that co-optimizing bococizumab is difficult because most high-affinity variants possess positively charged variable domains and most low self-association variants possess negatively charged variable domains. Moreover, negatively charged mutations in the heavy chain CDR2 of bococizumab, adjacent to its paratope, were effective at reducing self-association without reducing affinity. Interestingly, most of the bococizumab variants with reduced self-association also displayed improved folding stability and reduced nonspecific binding, revealing that this approach may be particularly useful for identifying antibody candidates with attractive combinations of drug-like properties.Abbreviations: AC-SINS: affinity-capture self-interaction nanoparticle spectroscopy; CDR: complementarity-determining region; CS-SINS: charge-stabilized self-interaction nanoparticle spectroscopy; FACS: fluorescence-activated cell sorting; Fab: fragment antigen binding; Fv: fragment variable; IgG: immunoglobulin; QD: quantum dot; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; VH: variable heavy; VL: variable light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K. Makowski
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yulei Zhang
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Zupancic
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alec A. Desai
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Matthew D. Smith
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wenjia Lou
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Timothy Tully
- Bioprocess Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Laura Lin
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Peter M. Tessier
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,CONTACT Peter M. Tessier Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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5
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Lou W, Chen F, Xu T, Fan Q, Shi H, Kang J, Shi X, Zhu L. A randomized controlled study of vaginal fractional CO 2 laser therapy for female sexual dysfunction. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:359-367. [PMID: 33723687 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vaginal fractional CO2 laser therapy for female sexual dysfunction (FSD). A total of 84 women at high risk of sexual dysfunction were randomly divided into two groups. Women in the laser group received vaginal fractional CO2 laser therapy. Others in the Kegel group were advised to participate in Kegel exercise training. Sexual distress and sexual function were evaluated by using the Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R) and the Chinese version Female Sexual Function Index (CVFSFI), respectively. Adverse events were recorded during the 12-month follow-up. At the end of the 6th and 12th months, the lubrication scores of the CVFSFI in the laser group (4.55±0.05, 4.58±0.09) were significantly higher than those in the Kegel group (4.19±0.15, 4.20±0.14) (P<0.05). The satisfaction scores in the laser group (4.43±0.08) were higher than those in the Kegel group (4.20±0.16) at the end of the 6th month (P<0.05). The self-contrast test in the laser group showed significant improvement in lubrication, pain, satisfaction and total scores after CO2 laser therapy (p<0.05). These improvements were maintained for 1 year. The improvement of FSDS-R in the laser group (10.0±0.2) was more evident than in the Kegel group (11.1±0.4) at the end of the 12th month. There were no major adverse events reported during laser therapy. Vaginal fractional CO2 laser therapy can effectively improve sexual function without any serious adverse events. It might be an effective and relatively safe treatment option for improving vaginal mucosa status in sexually active women with sexual dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Lou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qingbo Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Honghui Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xinwen Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Lou W, Stimple SD, Desai AA, Makowski EK, Kalyoncu S, Mogensen JE, Spang LT, Asgreen DJ, Staby A, Duus K, Amstrup J, Zhang Y, Tessier PM. Directed evolution of conformation-specific antibodies for sensitive detection of polypeptide aggregates in therapeutic drug formulations. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:797-808. [PMID: 33095442 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biologics such as peptides and proteins possess a number of attractive attributes that make them particularly valuable as therapeutics, including their high activity, high specificity, and low toxicity. However, one of the key challenges associated with this class of drugs is their propensity to aggregate. Given the safety and immunogenicity concerns related to polypeptide aggregates, it is particularly important to sensitively detect aggregates in therapeutic drug formulations as part of the quality control process. Here, we report the development of conformation-specific antibodies that recognize polypeptide aggregates composed of a GLP-1 receptor agonist (liraglutide) and their integration into a sensitive immunoassay for detecting liraglutide amyloid fibrils. We sorted single-chain antibody libraries against liraglutide fibrils using yeast surface display and magnetic-activated cell sorting, and identified several antibodies with high conformational specificity. Interestingly, these antibodies cross-react with amyloid fibrils formed by several other polypeptides, revealing that they recognize molecular features common to different types of fibrils. Moreover, we find that our immunoassay using these antibodies is >50-fold more sensitive than the conventional method for detecting liraglutide aggregation (Thioflavin T fluorescence). We expect that our systematic approach for generating a sensitive, aggregate-specific immunoassay can be readily extended to other biologics to improve the quality and safety of formulated drug products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Lou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Samuel D Stimple
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alec A Desai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily K Makowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sibel Kalyoncu
- Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yulei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Peter M Tessier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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7
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Yao H, Hannum DF, Zhai Y, Hill SF, Albanus RD'O, Lou W, Skidmore JM, Sanchez G, Saiakhova A, Bielas SL, Scacheri P, Ljungman M, Parker SCJ, Martin DM. CHD7 promotes neural progenitor differentiation in embryonic stem cells via altered chromatin accessibility and nascent gene expression. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17445. [PMID: 33060836 PMCID: PMC7562747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74537-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CHARGE syndrome, a rare multiple congenital anomaly condition, is caused by haploinsufficiency of the chromatin remodeling protein gene CHD7 (Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7). Brain abnormalities and intellectual disability are commonly observed in individuals with CHARGE, and neuronal differentiation is reduced in CHARGE patient-derived iPSCs and conditional knockout mouse brains. However, the mechanisms of CHD7 function in nervous system development are not well understood. In this study, we asked whether CHD7 promotes gene transcription in neural progenitor cells via changes in chromatin accessibility. We used Chd7 null embryonic stem cells (ESCs) derived from Chd7 mutant mouse blastocysts as a tool to investigate roles of CHD7 in neuronal and glial differentiation. Loss of Chd7 significantly reduced neuronal and glial differentiation. Sholl analysis showed that loss of Chd7 impaired neuronal complexity and neurite length in differentiated neurons. Genome-wide studies demonstrated that loss of Chd7 leads to modified chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) and differential nascent expression (Bru-Seq) of neural-specific genes. These results suggest that CHD7 acts preferentially to alter chromatin accessibility of key genes during the transition of NPCs to neurons to promote differentiation. Our results form a basis for understanding the cell stage-specific roles for CHD7-mediated chromatin remodeling during cell lineage acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 8220C MSRB III, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5652, USA
| | - Douglas F Hannum
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yiwen Zhai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 8220C MSRB III, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5652, USA.,Center of Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sophie F Hill
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Wenjia Lou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 8220C MSRB III, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5652, USA
| | - Jennifer M Skidmore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 8220C MSRB III, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5652, USA
| | - Gilson Sanchez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 8220C MSRB III, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5652, USA
| | - Alina Saiakhova
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stephanie L Bielas
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter Scacheri
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mats Ljungman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephen C J Parker
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Donna M Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 8220C MSRB III, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5652, USA. .,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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8
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Xu J, Shen L, Bai C, Li J, Zhou Z, Yu X, Li Z, Li E, Yuan X, Chi Y, Yin Y, Lou W, Xu N, Bai Y, Zhang T, Xiu D, Wang X, Li J, Fan S, Su W. 1156O Surufatinib (S) for patients (Pts) with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (SANET-p): A randomized, double-blind, placebo (P)-controlled phase III trial (NCT02589821). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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9
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Li Y, Lou W, Grevel A, Böttinger L, Liang Z, Ji J, Patil VA, Liu J, Ye C, Hüttemann M, Becker T, Greenberg ML. Cardiolipin-deficient cells have decreased levels of the iron-sulfur biogenesis protein frataxin. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:11928-11937. [PMID: 32636300 PMCID: PMC7450130 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is the signature phospholipid of mitochondrial membranes, where it is synthesized locally and plays an important role in mitochondrial bioenergetics. Previous studies in the yeast model have indicated that CL is required for optimal iron homeostasis, which is disrupted by a mechanism not yet determined in the yeast CL mutant, crd1Δ. This finding has implications for the severe genetic disorder, Barth syndrome (BTHS), in which CL metabolism is perturbed because of mutations in the CL-remodeling enzyme, tafazzin. Here, we investigate the effects of tafazzin deficiency on iron homeostasis in the mouse myoblast model of BTHS tafazzin knockout (TAZ-KO) cells. Similarly to CL-deficient yeast cells, TAZ-KO cells exhibited elevated sensitivity to iron, as well as to H2O2, which was alleviated by the iron chelator deferoxamine. TAZ-KO cells exhibited increased expression of the iron exporter ferroportin and decreased expression of the iron importer transferrin receptor, likely reflecting a regulatory response to elevated mitochondrial iron. Reduced activities of mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster enzymes suggested that the mechanism underlying perturbation of iron homeostasis was defective iron-sulfur biogenesis. We observed decreased levels of Yfh1/frataxin, an essential component of the iron-sulfur biogenesis machinery, in mitochondria from TAZ-KO mouse cells and in CL-deleted yeast crd1Δ cells, indicating that the role of CL in iron-sulfur biogenesis is highly conserved. Yeast crd1Δ cells exhibited decreased processing of the Yfh1 precursor upon import, which likely contributes to the iron homeostasis defects. Implications for understanding the pathogenesis of BTHS are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Wenjia Lou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Alexander Grevel
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lena Böttinger
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zhuqing Liang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jiajia Ji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Vinay A Patil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jenney Liu
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Cunqi Ye
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Miriam L Greenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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10
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Bartnik A, Banerjee N, Burke D, Crittenden J, Deitrick K, Dobbins J, Gulliford C, Hoffstaetter GH, Li Y, Lou W, Quigley P, Sagan D, Smolenski K, Berg JS, Brooks S, Hulsart R, Mahler G, Meot F, Michnoff R, Peggs S, Roser T, Trbojevic D, Tsoupas N, Miyajima T. CBETA: First Multipass Superconducting Linear Accelerator with Energy Recovery. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:044803. [PMID: 32794783 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.044803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Energy recovery has been achieved in a multipass linear accelerator, demonstrating a technology for more compact particle accelerators operating at higher currents and reduced energy consumption. Energy delivered to the beam during the first four passes through the accelerating structure was recovered during four subsequent decelerating passes. High-energy efficiency was achieved by the use of superconducting accelerating cavities and permanent magnets. The fixed-field alternating-gradient optical system used for the return loop successfully transported electron bunches of 42, 78, 114, and 150 MeV in a common vacuum chamber. This new kind of accelerator, an eight-pass energy recovery linac, has the potential to accelerate much higher current than existing linear accelerators while maintaining small beam dimensions and consuming much less energy per electron.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bartnik
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - N Banerjee
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - D Burke
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - J Crittenden
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - K Deitrick
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - J Dobbins
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - C Gulliford
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - G H Hoffstaetter
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - Y Li
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - W Lou
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - P Quigley
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - D Sagan
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - K Smolenski
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - J S Berg
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Brooks
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Hulsart
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - G Mahler
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - F Meot
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Michnoff
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Peggs
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Roser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Trbojevic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - N Tsoupas
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Miyajima
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
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11
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Gao A, Armstrong M, Liu C, Liu L, Yang J, Lou W, Li P, Evans C. Inhibition steroid sulfatase suppresses androgen signaling and improves response to enzalutamide. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33829-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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12
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Rashid MF, Kluger MD, Su GH, Chabot JA, Yang CY, Lou W, Valente R, Del Chiaro M, Shyr YM, Wang SE, van Huijgevoort NCM, Besselink MG, Yang Y, Kim H, Kwon W, Kim SW, Jang JY. Validation of a nomogram to predict the risk of cancer in patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and main duct dilatation of 10 mm or less. Br J Surg 2020; 107:676. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Lou W, Bezusov A, Li B, Dubova Н. RECENT ADVANCES IN STUDYING TANNIC ACID AND ITS INTERACTION WITH PROTEINS AND POLYSACCHARIDES. ХНТ 2019. [DOI: 10.15673/fst.v13i3.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review was to gain a deeper understanding of tannic acid (TA) and its properties, which could be important for improving the technology of gluten-free food. TA is widely used in agriculture, food, medicine, and other fields due to its unique physiological functions (anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, antibacterial, anti-viral, etc.). It can closely interact with proteins and polysaccharides, which can significantly influence the structure, function, and nutritional properties of compounds. In this article, TA is chosen as a polyphenol model, and the structure of tannins and the degree of their extraction have been considered systematically. Prospective application of interaction between TA and common biological macromolecules have been presented. In this review, different classes of tannins are summarized. Advantages and disadvantages of different methods of extracting tannins have also been described. This review provides detailed information about the mechanisms of interaction of TA with biological macromolecules such as proteins and polysaccharides. Maize, buckwheat, rice flour and starch should be introduced as non-traditional raw materials in production of pasta for people ill with coeliac disease. Pasta dough from unconventional raw materials has non-standard rheological characteristics, and it is difficult to impart good plastic properties to it. That is why, studying the properties of tannins is necessary to improve the technology of gluten-free pasta. However, due to the different nature and composition of proteins, gluten-free foods do not have a network structure. So, they can hold neither water nor starch granules, their prepared dough is loose, with low viscosity, and is not easily moulded. That is why, the use of tannin to form a strong structure when developing a gluten-free pasta technology has become the main purpose of the research. Some potential problems of gluten-free dough processing can be solved by using new technical means. In view of this, the authors put forward the idea of using TА to form cross-links and a strong gluten-free dough structure.
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14
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Jung W, Park T, Kim Y, Park H, Han Y, He J, Wolfgang CL, Blair A, Rashid MF, Kluger MD, Su GH, Chabot JA, Yang CY, Lou W, Valente R, Del Chiaro M, Shyr YM, Wang SE, van Huijgevoort NCM, Besselink MG, Yang Y, Kim H, Kwon W, Kim SW, Jang JY. Validation of a nomogram to predict the risk of cancer in patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and main duct dilatation of 10 mm or less. Br J Surg 2019; 106:1829-1836. [PMID: 31441048 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is premalignant pancreatic lesion. International guidelines offer limited predictors of individual risk. A nomogram to predict individual IPMN malignancy risk was released, with good diagnostic performance based on a large cohort of Asian patients with IPMN. The present study validated a nomogram to predict malignancy risk and invasiveness of IPMN using both Eastern and Western cohorts. METHODS Clinicopathological and radiological data from patients who underwent pancreatic resection for IPMN at four centres each in Eastern and Western countries were collected. After excluding patients with missing data for at least one malignancy predictor in the nomogram (main pancreatic duct diameter, cyst size, presence of mural nodule, serum carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 levels, and age). RESULTS In total, data from 393 patients who fit the criteria were analysed, of whom 265 were from Eastern and 128 from Western institutions. Although mean age, sex, log value of serum CA19-9 level, tumour location, main duct diameter, cyst size and presence of mural nodule differed between the Korean/Japanese, Eastern and Western cohorts, rates of malignancy and invasive cancer did not differ significantly. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve values for the nomogram predicting malignancy were 0·745 for Eastern, 0·856 for Western and 0·776 for combined cohorts; respective values for the nomogram predicting invasiveness were 0·736, 0·891 and 0·788. CONCLUSIONS External validation of the nomogram showed good performance in predicting cancer in both Eastern and Western patients with IPMN lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Jung
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - T Park
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Kim
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Park
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Han
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J He
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - C L Wolfgang
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - A Blair
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - M F Rashid
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal and Endocrine Surgery, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeon, New York, USA
| | - M D Kluger
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal and Endocrine Surgery, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeon, New York, USA
| | - G H Su
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - J A Chabot
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal and Endocrine Surgery, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeon, New York, USA
| | - C-Y Yang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W Lou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - R Valente
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute at Centre for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Del Chiaro
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute at Centre for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Y-M Shyr
- Departments of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S-E Wang
- Departments of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - N C M van Huijgevoort
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M G Besselink
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Y Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - H Kim
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W Kwon
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-W Kim
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-Y Jang
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Li Y, Lou W, Raja V, Denis S, Yu W, Schmidtke MW, Reynolds CA, Schlame M, Houtkooper RH, Greenberg ML. Cardiolipin-induced activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase links mitochondrial lipid biosynthesis to TCA cycle function. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11568-11578. [PMID: 31186346 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is the signature phospholipid of mitochondrial membranes. Although it has long been known that CL plays an important role in mitochondrial bioenergetics, recent evidence in the yeast model indicates that CL is also essential for intermediary metabolism. To gain insight into the function of CL in energy metabolism in mammalian cells, here we analyzed the metabolic flux of [U-13C]glucose in a mouse C2C12 myoblast cell line, TAZ-KO, which is CL-deficient because of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of the CL-remodeling enzyme tafazzin (TAZ). TAZ-KO cells exhibited decreased flux of [U-13C]glucose to [13C]acetyl-CoA and M2 and M4 isotopomers of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates. The activity of pyruvate carboxylase, the predominant enzyme for anaplerotic replenishing of the TCA cycle, was elevated in TAZ-KO cells, which also exhibited increased sensitivity to the pyruvate carboxylase inhibitor phenylacetate. We attributed a decreased carbon flux from glucose to acetyl-CoA in the TAZ-KO cells to a ∼50% decrease in pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, which was observed in both TAZ-KO cells and cardiac tissue from TAZ-KO mice. Protein-lipid overlay experiments revealed that PDH binds to CL, and supplementing digitonin-solubilized TAZ-KO mitochondria with CL restored PDH activity to WT levels. Mitochondria from TAZ-KO cells exhibited an increase in phosphorylated PDH, levels of which were reduced in the presence of supplemented CL. These findings indicate that CL is required for optimal PDH activation, generation of acetyl-CoA, and TCA cycle function, findings that link the key mitochondrial lipid CL to TCA cycle function and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Wenjia Lou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Vaishnavi Raja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Simone Denis
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wenxi Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Michael W Schmidtke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Christian A Reynolds
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Michael Schlame
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, New York.,Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, New York
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam L Greenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Lou
- School of Reliability and Systems EngineeringBeihang University Beijing 100191 China
| | - W. Zhang
- School of Reliability and Systems EngineeringBeihang University Beijing 100191 China
| | - T. Jin
- School of Reliability and Systems EngineeringBeihang University Beijing 100191 China
| | - X. Liu
- School of Reliability and Systems EngineeringBeihang University Beijing 100191 China
| | - H. Wang
- School of Reliability and Systems EngineeringBeihang University Beijing 100191 China
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17
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Lou W, Ting HC, Reynolds CA, Tyurina YY, Tyurin VA, Li Y, Ji J, Yu W, Liang Z, Stoyanovsky DA, Anthonymuthu TS, Frasso MA, Wipf P, Greenberger JS, Bayır H, Kagan VE, Greenberg ML. Genetic re-engineering of polyunsaturated phospholipid profile of Saccharomyces cerevisiae identifies a novel role for Cld1 in mitigating the effects of cardiolipin peroxidation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:1354-1368. [PMID: 29935382 PMCID: PMC6641546 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is a unique phospholipid localized almost exclusively within the mitochondrial membranes where it is synthesized. Newly synthesized CL undergoes acyl remodeling to produce CL species enriched with unsaturated acyl groups. Cld1 is the only identified CL-specific phospholipase in yeast and is required to initiate the CL remodeling pathway. In higher eukaryotes, peroxidation of CL, yielding CLOX, has been implicated in the cellular signaling events that initiate apoptosis. CLOX can undergo enzymatic hydrolysis, resulting in the release of lipid mediators with signaling properties. Our previous findings suggested that CLD1 expression is upregulated in response to oxidative stress, and that one of the physiological roles of CL remodeling is to remove peroxidized CL. To exploit the powerful yeast model to study functions of CLD1 in CL peroxidation, we expressed the H. brasiliensis Δ12-desaturase gene in yeast, which then synthesized poly unsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs) that are incorporated into CL species. Using LC-MS based redox phospholipidomics, we identified and quantified the molecular species of CL and other phospholipids in cld1Δ vs. WT cells. Loss of CLD1 led to a dramatic decrease in chronological lifespan, mitochondrial membrane potential, and respiratory capacity; it also resulted in increased levels of mono-hydroperoxy-CLs, particularly among the highly unsaturated CL species, including tetralinoleoyl-CL. In addition, purified Cld1 exhibited a higher affinity for CLOX, and treatment of cells with H2O2 increased CLD1 expression in the logarithmic growth phase. These data suggest that CLD1 expression is required to mitigate oxidative stress. The findings from this study contribute to our overall understanding of CL remodeling and its role in mitigating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Lou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Hsiu-Chi Ting
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christian A Reynolds
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Yulia Y Tyurina
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Vladimir A Tyurin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yiran Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Jiajia Ji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Wenxi Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Zhuqing Liang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Detcho A Stoyanovsky
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Tamil S Anthonymuthu
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michael A Frasso
- Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Peter Wipf
- Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Joel S Greenberger
- Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hülya Bayır
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics,and Department of Human Pathology, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Miriam L Greenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.
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18
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Lou W, Reynolds CA, Li Y, Liu J, Hüttemann M, Schlame M, Stevenson D, Strathdee D, Greenberg ML. Loss of tafazzin results in decreased myoblast differentiation in C2C12 cells: A myoblast model of Barth syndrome and cardiolipin deficiency. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:857-865. [PMID: 29694924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Barth syndrome (BTHS) is an X-linked genetic disorder resulting from mutations in the tafazzin gene (TAZ), which encodes the transacylase that remodels the mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin (CL). While most BTHS patients exhibit pronounced skeletal myopathy, the mechanisms linking defective CL remodeling and skeletal myopathy have not been determined. In this study, we constructed a CRISPR-generated stable tafazzin knockout (TAZ-KO) C2C12 myoblast cell line. TAZ-KO cells exhibit mitochondrial deficits consistent with other models of BTHS, including accumulation of monolyso-CL (MLCL), decreased mitochondrial respiration, and increased mitochondrial ROS production. Additionally, tafazzin deficiency was associated with impairment of myocyte differentiation. Future studies should determine whether alterations in myogenic determination contribute to the skeletal myopathy observed in BTHS patients. The BTHS myoblast model will enable studies to elucidate mechanisms by which defective CL remodeling interferes with normal myocyte differentiation and skeletal muscle ontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Lou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Yiran Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jenney Liu
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Michael Schlame
- Department of Anesthesiology and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Stevenson
- Transgenic Technology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas Strathdee
- Transgenic Technology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam L Greenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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19
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Tyurina YY, Lou W, Qu F, Tyurin VA, Mohammadyani D, Liu J, Hüttemann M, Frasso MA, Wipf P, Bayir H, Greenberg ML, Kagan VE. Lipidomics Characterization of Biosynthetic and Remodeling Pathways of Cardiolipins in Genetically and Nutritionally Manipulated Yeast Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:265-281. [PMID: 27982579 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cardioipins (CLs) are unique tetra-acylated phospholipids of mitochondria and define the bioenergetics and regulatory functions of these organelles. An unresolved paradox is the high uniformity of CL molecular species (tetra-linoleoyl-CL) in the heart, liver, and skeletal muscles-in contrast to their high diversification in the brain. Here, we combined liquid chromatography-mass-spectrometry-based phospholipidomics with genetic and nutritional manipulations to explore CLs' biosynthetic vs postsynthetic remodeling processes in S. cerevisiae yeast cells. By applying the differential phospholipidomics analysis, we evaluated the contribution of Cld1 (CL-specific phospholipase A) and Taz1 (acyl-transferase) as the major regulatory mechanisms of the remodeling process. We further established that nutritional "pressure" by high levels of free fatty acids triggered a massive synthesis of homoacylated molecular species in all classes of phospholipids, resulting in the preponderance of the respective homoacylated CLs. We found that changes in molecular speciation of CLs induced by exogenous C18-fatty acids (C18:1 and C18:2) in wild-type (wt) cells did not occur in any of the remodeling mutant cells, including cld1Δ, taz1Δ, and cld1Δtaz1Δ. Interestingly, molecular speciation of CLs in wt and double mutant cells cld1Δtaz1Δ was markedly different. Given that the bioenergetics functions are preserved in the double mutant, this suggests that the accumulated MLCL-rather than the changed CL speciation-are the likely major contributors to the mitochondrial dysfunction in taz1Δ mutant cells (also characteristic of Barth syndrome). Biochemical studies of Cld1 specificity and computer modeling confirmed the hydrolytic selectivity of the enzyme toward C16-CL substrates and the preservation of C18:1-containing CL species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenjia Lou
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | | | | | - Dariush Mohammadyani
- Thomas
C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Jenney Liu
- Center for
Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for
Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | | | | | | | - Miriam. L. Greenberg
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
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20
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Wu Z, Lin L, Yang W, Zhang D, Shen C, Lou W, Yin H, Chang K. Spin-polarized charge trapping cell based on a topological insulator quantum dot. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03482b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate theoretically that a topological insulator quantum dot can be formed via double topological insulator constrictions (TICs), and can be used as a charge and/or spin carrier trap memory element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Wu
- MEDIT
- Institute of Microelectronics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Liangzhong Lin
- SKLSM
- Institute of Semiconductors
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - Wen Yang
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center
- Beijing 100094
- P. R. China
| | - D. Zhang
- SKLSM
- Institute of Semiconductors
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - C. Shen
- SKLSM
- Institute of Semiconductors
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - W. Lou
- SKLSM
- Institute of Semiconductors
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - H. Yin
- MEDIT
- Institute of Microelectronics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Kai Chang
- SKLSM
- Institute of Semiconductors
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
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21
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Bendavid R, Lou W, Grischkan D, Koch A, Petersen K, Morrison J, Iakovlev V. A mechanism of mesh-related post-herniorrhaphy neuralgia. Hernia 2015; 20:357-65. [PMID: 26597872 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-015-1436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective is to compare nerve densities in explanted polypropylene meshes in patients with or without chronic pain. Pain has supplanted recurrences as a complication of hernia surgery. The increased incidence of pain mirrors a parallel increase in the use of polypropylene meshes. Neither triple neurectomy nor careful nerve preservation has brought relief. Perhaps because we have forgotten that nerves, in response to some evolutionary mechanism, tend to regenerate, undergo changes imposed by prosthetic elements and architecture, mimicking entrapment and compartment syndromes. METHODS A total of 33 hernia meshes have been analyzed: 17 excised due to severe pain, two for combined pain and recurrence, 14 sampled during revision for recurrence without pain. Each mesh had standardized sampling for histology and the nerves were highlighted by S100 stain. Nerve densities were assessed within the mesh spaces and in tissue outside the mesh. RESULTS The density of nerves present in the standardized mesh samples of patients complaining of pain was much more elevated than in the mesh of those patients who had a recurrence but no pain. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Excluding two patients who had both pain and recurrence, the difference was even more marked (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Re-innervation and neo-innervation are known to take place following hernia repairs in indigenous tissue as well as through polypropylene meshes. However, when pain is an overriding issue dictating mesh explant, the degree of mesh innervation is significantly higher when compared to mesh excised for recurrence. That increase has been confirmed statistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bendavid
- Shouldice Hospital, 7750 Bayview Avenue, Thornhill, ON, L3T 4A3, Canada. .,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - W Lou
- Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lan School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - A Koch
- Day Surgery and Hernia Center, Gerhard-Hauptman Str. 15, Cottbus, Germany
| | | | - J Morrison
- Chatham Kent Health Alliance, Chatham, ON, Canada
| | - V Iakovlev
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
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22
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Abner EL, Schmitt FA, Nelson PT, Lou W, Wan L, Gauriglia R, Dodge HH, Woltjer RL, Yu L, Bennett DA, Schneider JA, Chen R, Masaki K, Katz MJ, Lipton RB, Dickson DW, Lim KO, Hemmy LS, Cairns NJ, Grant E, Tyas SL, Xiong C, Fardo DW, Kryscio RJ. The Statistical Modeling of Aging and Risk of Transition Project: Data Collection and Harmonization Across 11 Longitudinal Cohort Studies of Aging, Cognition, and Dementia. Obs Stud 2015; 1:56-73. [PMID: 25984574 PMCID: PMC4431579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal cognitive trajectories and other factors associated with mixed neuropathologies (such as Alzheimer's disease with co-occurring cerebrovascular disease) remain incompletely understood, despite being the rule and not the exception in older populations. The Statistical Modeling of Aging and Risk of Transition study (SMART) is a consortium of 11 different high-quality longitudinal studies of aging and cognition (N=11,541 participants) established for the purpose of characterizing risk and protective factors associated with subtypes of age-associated mixed neuropathologies (N=3,001 autopsies). While brain donation was not required for participation in all SMART cohorts, most achieved substantial autopsy rates (i.e., > 50%). Moreover, the studies comprising SMART have large numbers of participants who were followed from intact cognition and transitioned to cognitive impairment and dementia, as well as participants who remained cognitively intact until death. These data provide an exciting opportunity to apply sophisticated statistical methods, like Markov processes, that require large, well-characterized samples. Thus, SMART will serve as an important resource for the field of mixed dementia epidemiology and neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Abner
- Snders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky
| | - F A Schmitt
- Oregon Center for Aging & Technology, Oregon Health & Science University
| | - P T Nelson
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center
| | | | - L Wan
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
| | - R Gauriglia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville
| | - H H Dodge
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota
| | - R L Woltjer
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University
| | - L Yu
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo
| | - D A Bennett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky
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Wong CL, Mendoza J, Henson SJ, Qi Y, Lou W, L'Abbé MR. Consumer attitudes and understanding of cholesterol-lowering claims on food: randomize mock-package experiments with plant sterol and oat fibre claims. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:946-52. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ye C, Lou W, Li Y, Chatzispyrou I, Hüttemann M, Lee I, Houtkooper R, Vaz F, Chen S, Greenberg M. Deletion of the cardiolipin‐specific phospholipase Cld1 rescues growth and lifespan defects in the tafazzin mutant: implications for Barth syndrome (605.4). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.605.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cunqi Ye
- Biological Sciences Wayne State UniversityDetroitMIUnited States
| | - Wenjia Lou
- Biological Sciences Wayne State UniversityDetroitMIUnited States
| | - Yiran Li
- Biological Sciences Wayne State UniversityDetroitMIUnited States
| | | | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics and Cardiovascular Research Institute Wayne State UniversityDetroitMIUnited States
| | - Icksoo Lee
- College of Medicine Dankook University Chungcheongnam‐doRepublic of Korea
| | | | - Frédéric Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases AmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Shuliang Chen
- Biological Sciences Wayne State UniversityDetroitMIUnited States
| | - Miriam Greenberg
- Biological Sciences Wayne State UniversityDetroitMIUnited States
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25
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Ye C, Lou W, Li Y, Chatzispyrou IA, Hüttemann M, Lee I, Houtkooper RH, Vaz FM, Chen S, Greenberg ML. Deletion of the cardiolipin-specific phospholipase Cld1 rescues growth and life span defects in the tafazzin mutant: implications for Barth syndrome. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:3114-25. [PMID: 24318983 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.529487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) that is synthesized de novo is deacylated to monolysocardiolipin (MLCL), which is reacylated by tafazzin. Remodeled CL contains mostly unsaturated fatty acids. In eukaryotes, loss of tafazzin leads to growth and respiration defects, and in humans, this results in the life-threatening disorder Barth syndrome. Tafazzin deficiency causes a decrease in the CL/MLCL ratio and decreased unsaturated CL species. Which of these biochemical outcomes contributes to the physiological defects is not known. Yeast cells have a single CL-specific phospholipase, Cld1, that can be exploited to distinguish between these outcomes. The cld1Δ mutant has decreased unsaturated CL, but the CL/MLCL ratio is similar to that of wild type cells. We show that cld1Δ rescues growth, life span, and respiratory defects of the taz1Δ mutant. This suggests that defective growth and respiration in tafazzin-deficient cells are caused by the decreased CL/MLCL ratio and not by a deficiency in unsaturated CL. CLD1 expression is increased during respiratory growth and regulated by the heme activator protein transcriptional activation complex. Overexpression of CLD1 leads to decreased mitochondrial respiration and growth and instability of mitochondrial DNA. However, ATP concentrations are maintained by increasing glycolysis. We conclude that transcriptional regulation of Cld1-mediated deacylation of CL influences energy metabolism by modulating the relative contribution of glycolysis and respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunqi Ye
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202
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26
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Wei X, Wang G, Li W, Hu X, Huang Q, Xu K, Lou W, Wu J, Liang C, Lou Q, Qian C, Liu L. Activation of the JAK-STAT3 pathway is associated with the growth of colorectal carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2013; 31:335-41. [PMID: 24253664 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive activation of inflammatory signaling pathways facilitates colorectal carcinoma (CRC) malignancy. Continuous activation of the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway plays a central role in the development and progression of CRC. With the intent to explore whether attenuation of the JAK-STAT3 signaling axis inhibits cancer cell proliferation or induces apoptosis, a sophisticated oncolytic adenoviral vector, AdCN305, carrying the SOCS3 gene was used to treat CRC cells. Our data revealed that i) in CRC cells, STAT3 was continuously activated by phosphorylation, and SOCS3 was at a relative low expression level; and ii) AdCN305-cppSOCS3 inhibited the continuous activation of the JAK/STAT3 pathway, suppressed CRC cell growth and induced apoptosis, in vitro and in vivo. We proved that SOCS3, a negative regulator of the JAK-STAT3 pathway, efficiently inhibited the activation of the pathway and decreased levels of downstream factors which regulate cell proliferation and the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
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Zhu L, Zhou H, Sun Z, Lou W, Lang J. Anatomic and Sexual Outcomes after Vaginoplasty Using Tissue‐Engineered Biomaterial Graft in Patients with Mayer‐Rokitansky‐Küster‐Hauser Syndrome: A New Minimally Invasive and Effective Surgery. J Sex Med 2013; 10:1652-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Zhang W, Aghdassi E, Reich HN, Su J, Lou W, Landolt-Marticorena C, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Scholey J, Fortin PR. Glomerular filtration rate predicts arterial events in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010; 50:799-805. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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29
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Bassil KL, Cole DC, Moineddin R, Lou W, Craig AM, Schwartz B, Rea E. The relationship between temperature and ambulance response calls for heat-related illness in Toronto, Ontario, 2005. J Epidemiol Community Health 2010; 65:829-31. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2009.101485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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30
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Amin R, Subbarao P, Lou W, Jabar A, Balkovec S, Jensen R, Kerrigan S, Gustafsson P, Ratjen F. The effect of dornase alfa on ventilation inhomogeneity in patients with cystic fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2010; 37:806-12. [PMID: 20693248 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00072510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Outcome measures to assess therapeutic interventions in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with mild lung disease are lacking. Our aim was to determine if the lung clearance index (LCI) can detect a treatment response to dornase alfa in paediatric CF patients with normal spirometry. CF patients between 6-18 yrs of age with FEV(1 )≥ 80% pred were eligible. In a crossover design, 17 patients received 4 weeks of dornase alfa and placebo in a randomised sequence separated by a 4-week washout period. The primary end-point was the change in LCI from dornase alfa versus placebo. A mixed model approach incorporating period-dependent baselines was used. The mean ± sd age was 10.32 ± 3.35 yrs. Dornase alfa improved LCI versus placebo (0.90 ± 1.44; p = 0.022). Forced expiratory flow at 25-75% expired volume measured by % pred and z-scores also improved in subjects on dornase alfa (6.1% ± 10.34%; p = 0.03 and 0.28 ± 0.46 z-score; p = 0.03). Dornase alfa significantly improved LCI. Therefore the LCI may be a suitable tool to assess early intervention strategies in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Amin
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Chen Q, Lou W, Shen J, Ma L, Yang Z, Liu L, Luo J, Qian C. Potent antitumor activity in experimental hepatocellular carcinoma by adenovirus-mediated coexpression of TRAIL and shRNA against COX-2. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:3696-705. [PMID: 20515870 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-3097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent studies have indicated that short hairpin RNA (shRNA) driven by RNA polymerase (Pol) II promoters can be transcribed into precursor mRNAs together with transgenes. It remains unclear, however, whether coexpression of shRNA and transgene from a single promoter is feasible for cancer therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In this study, we generated novel adenoviral vectors that permitted coexpression of shRNA against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) therapeutic gene from a cytomegalovirus promoter to evaluate whether silencing of COX-2 could increase the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to TRAIL. RESULTS Our data showed that adenovirus vector Ad-TM, in which the shRNA was inserted into the 3' untranslated region of the TRAIL gene, not only significantly suppressed COX-2 expression, but also expressed a high level of TRAIL. Moreover, infection with Ad-TM resulted in significant cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. In contrast, it had no effect on normal liver cell line. Impressively, treatment of the established hepatocellular carcinoma tumors with Ad-TM resulted in complete tumor regression. This potent antitumor activity induced by Ad-TM was due to strong inhibition of COX-2 and high expression of TRAIL. Furthermore, using the shRNA and transgene coexpression adenovirus system, we showed that silencing of COX-2 increased the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to TRAIL through inhibition of Bcl-2 and Bcl-w. CONCLUSION This study indicated that adenovirus carrying shRNA and transgene expressed from a single promoter represented a potent approach for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- Laboratory of Biotherapy of Cancer, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Fergenbaum JH, Bruce S, Spence JD, Lou W, Hanley AJG, Greenwood C, Young TK. Carotid atherosclerosis and a reduced likelihood for lowered cognitive performance in a Canadian First Nations population. Neuroepidemiology 2009; 33:321-8. [PMID: 19887837 DOI: 10.1159/000254294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the associations among cardiovascular risk factors, carotid atherosclerosis and cognitive function in a Canadian First Nations population. METHODS Individuals aged > or = 18 years, without stroke, nonpregnant and with First Nations status were assessed by the Trail Making Test Parts A and B. Results were combined into a Trail Making Test executive function score (TMT-exec). Doppler ultrasonography assessed carotid stenosis and plaque volume. Anthropometric, vascular and metabolic risk factors were assessed by interview, clinical examinations and blood tests. RESULTS For 190 individuals with TMT-exec scores, the median age of the population was 39 years. Compared to the reference group, individuals with elevated levels of left carotid stenosis (LCS) and total carotid stenosis (TCS) were less likely to demonstrate lowered cognitive performance [LCS, odds ratio (OR): 0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.24-0.96; TCS, OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.20-0.80]. No effect was shown for plaque volume. In structural equation modeling, we found that for every 1-unit change in the anthropometric factor in kg/m(2), there was a 0.86-fold decrease in the percent of TCS (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with elevated levels of LCS and TCS were less likely to demonstrate lowered performance. There was some suggestion that TCS mediates the effect of anthropometric risk factors on cognitive function.
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Jin D, Rong Y, Lou W, Qin X, Wu W, Nin X, Nin X, Wang D, Kuang T, Qin Y. Therapeutic vaccination against advanced pancreatic cancer by autologous dendritic cells pulsed with a MUC1 peptide: Preclinical results of a clinical phase I trial. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e15652 Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has a particularly poor prognosis. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies such as immunotherapy are required. The aim of the present phase I study was to evaluate the safety, immune responses and clinical activity of a vaccine based on autologous dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with a specific MUC1 peptide in advanced pancreatic cancer patients. Methods: Five patients who had pancreatic cancer ductal adenocarcinoma expressing MUC1 in stage of III/IV were enrolled to the clinical trial. Patients underwent leukapheresis to generate dendritic cells by culture in vitro with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4 for 5 days. Dendritic cells were then pulsed overnight with MUC1 peptide (GVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPAH) and harvested for vaccination. Dendritic cells (3×106-6×106) were injected intradermally every 2 weeks for 3–4 times. Results: All patients remained with progressive disease. Four patients developed strong T-cell IFN-γ and Granzyme B Elispot responses to the vaccine. Most interestingly, the patient who was treated with the highest number of DC(6×106) had more number of CTL than other patients and showed delayed-type hypersensitivity responses at injection sites and this patient stopped application of the analgetics. Another patient with relapsed pancreatic cancer who had finished the 4 times of vaccination and then followed 6 times of chemotherapy with Gemcitabine had a surprisingly long term of survival of 12 month. No evidence of significant treatment related toxicity or auto-immunity was observed. Conclusions: This study showed the safety and clinical response of MUC1 peptide-pulsed dendritic cell therapy for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. It confirms the capability of this DC vaccine to stimulate an immune response in patients with pancreatic cancer even in the presence of a large tumor burden. Dendritic cell therapy is recommended for further clinical studies in pancreatic cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Jin
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biotherapy Center, Medical School of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Y. Rong
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biotherapy Center, Medical School of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - W. Lou
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biotherapy Center, Medical School of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - X. Qin
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biotherapy Center, Medical School of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - W. Wu
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biotherapy Center, Medical School of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - X. Nin
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biotherapy Center, Medical School of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - X. Nin
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biotherapy Center, Medical School of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - D. Wang
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biotherapy Center, Medical School of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - T. Kuang
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biotherapy Center, Medical School of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Y. Qin
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biotherapy Center, Medical School of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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Wu W, Jin D, Lou W, Fan J, Wang D, Qin X. A novel recombinant tandem repeat DNA vaccine targeting at MUC1. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.3066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3066 Background: Tandem repeat (TR) is the key epitope of mucin 1 (MUC1) for inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to kill the tumor cells specifically. A novel recombinant TR DNA vaccine was constructed to study its induced immune responses. Methods: A recombinant human TR (rhTR) gene encoding a single TR polypeptide of MUC1 was synthesized and cloned into the multiple cloning sites of plasmid pcDNA3.1/Myc-his (+) A to construct the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-TR/Myc-his (+) A (pTR plasmid). Expression of pTR plasmid was confirmed by transfection assay and Western blot analysis. C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice were immunized with pTR plasmid (n=15) by tibial muscle injection. Mice inoculated with the empty vector (EV group, n=15) and 0.9% NaCl solution (NS group, n=15) were used as vector and blank control respectively. Four weeks later, all mice were immunized again. Specific antibody detection and cytotoxic assay were used to evaluate the vaccine-induced TR specific immune responses. Results: DNA sequencing confirmed that the pTR plasmid was exactly constructed. Transfection assay and Western blot analysis found that the transfected COS7 cells expressed TR polypeptide of MUC1 48 hours after transfection. Cytotoxic assay showed that immunization with pTR plasmid into C57BL/6 mice resulted in more efficient induction of CTL specific cytolysis against TR polypeptide than that of EV group and NS group (p<0.01). Vaccine immunized mice had a higher equivalent concentration of anti-TR specific antibodies (2324μg/ml±238μg/ml) than that of EV group (1896μg/ml±533μg/ml, p<0.01) and NS group (1736μg/ml±142μg/ml, p<0.01). Conclusions: The novel recombinant TR DNA vaccine targeting at MUC1 was exactly constructed, immunization with which could induce TR specific CTL response and antibodies response in mice. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Wu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - D. Jin
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - W. Lou
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - J. Fan
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - D. Wang
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - X. Qin
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xu F, Sheng YY, Mu ZL, Lou W, Zhou J, Ren YT, Qi SS, Wang XS, Fu ZW, Yang QP. Prevalence and types of androgenetic alopecia in Shanghai, China: a community-based study. Br J Dermatol 2009; 160:629-32. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08909.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lou W, Wang D, Jin D. Are there survival benefits in portal vein resection for pancreatic cancer? J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.15646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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37
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House R, Lou W, Lander L. Reply. Occup Med (Lond) 2008. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqn023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Qureshi
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - S. Lee
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - W. Lou
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - D. Trump
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - A. Gao
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
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Wang Z, Lou W, Zhang E, Zhang X, Xue C. [Studies on the feasibility of detecting circulating antibodies in saliva of Schistosoma japonicum infected rabbits]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2003; 17:203-4. [PMID: 12563759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the feasibility of detecting anti-Schistosoma japonicum antibodies in saliva. METHODS Saliva and serum samples of 5 infected, 7 reinfected and 8 treated rabbits were collected at different times periods. The CAb in saliva and serum was detected by using ELISA. RESULTS The sensitivity of ELISA was 94.7% for saliva and 100% for serum. The specificity of ELISA was 100% for both saliva and serum. CONCLUSION Saliva can be used to detect circulating antibodies for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200025
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Wu C, Lou W, Xue C. [Preparation of monoclonal antibodies by intrasplenic immunization of mice with urine circulating antigen from patients infected with Schistosoma japonicum]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2003; 17:159-61. [PMID: 12563835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore an efficient method for preparing monoclonal antibodies against circulating antigen of S. japonicum in the urine of schistosomiasis patients. METHODS The urine of schistosomasis patients were precipitated with 5% trichloroacetic acid, and then used to immunize the BALB/c mice by intrasplenic immunization to prepare McAb. RESULTS Two monoclonal cell lines against the CAg in the urine of schistosomiasis patients have been established. The immunoglobulin subclass of the 2 McAbs (2E6 and 2B11) were identified as IgM. The titres of 2E6 and 2B11 were 2.56 x 10(5) and 6.4 x 10(4). On immunodiffusion, McAb 2E6 showed one precipitation line with IHU-CAg, however, both McAbs did not react with NHU-CAg. Using ascitic fluid of 2B11 and 2E6 as capture antibody separately, and HRP-H11 as labelled antibody to detect the urine of 12 acute schistosomasis patients, 2B11 2E6 gave 6 and 3 positive, respectively, whereas 8 normal urine were all negative. CONCLUSION It is feasible to use CAg from schistosomasis patients' urine to prepare anti-CAg McAb by intrasplenic immunization in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Shanghai Secand Medical University, Shanghai 200025
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Xue C, Lou W, Wu C, Zhang E, Xie Y. [Determination of circulating antigen in urine of rabbits infected with Schistosoma japonicum]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2003; 17:5-8. [PMID: 12563806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To develop an immunoassay for the detection of circulating schistosome antigen (CSA) in host urine. METHODS CSA extracted from the urine of the rabbits infected with Schistosoma japonicum was used for preparing and selecting specific monoclonal antibody. A one-step dot-ELISA using this specific McAb and a 2nd antibody was used for detection of circulating schistosome antigen in the urine of infected rabbits. RESULTS No CSA was detected in urine from all of 22 rabbits before infection. The positive rate of CSA in infected rabbits was correlated with the intensity of infection and the time of infection. No CSA was detected in the urine rabbits of 3 weeks after infection with 25 cercariae while the positive rate of CSA in the urine from rabbits infected with 200 cercariae was 40% and 100% after 3 and 6 weeks, respectively. A combination of CSA detection in both urine and serum may increase the detectability. CONCLUSION The specific McAb prepared by urine CSA of Schistosoma japonicum-infected rabbits can be used as a probe for detecting CSA in the urine of infected rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xue
- Department of Parasitology, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200025
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42
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Xie Y, Xue C, Lou W. [Establishment and application of dipstick sandwich colloidal dye immunoassay for circulating antigen detection in schistosomiasis patients]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2003; 17:129-31. [PMID: 12563826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To set up a simple immunoassay for the detection of circulating antigens in host serum. METHODS A kind of colloidal pale purple dye (HFRL) used as a staining reagent for immunoassay was first selected from the dyes produced in China and an optimum condition for labelling the dye onto the combined IgM antibodies was explored. A dipstick sandwich colloidal dye immunoassay (DS-DIA) for the detection of circulating antigens in host sera was established. RESULTS The minimal concentration of SEA detected was 5 ng/ml by DS-DIA. Serum circulating antigen detection in 14 cases of acute schistosomiasis japonica, 113 chronic cases and in 113 healthy controls revealed that the sensitivity was 100% in acute cases, 52.2% in chronic cases and the specificity was 92.9% for uninfected students. The sensitivity and specificity of DIA were similar to those of dot-ELISA. A certain degree of diagnostic complementarity up to 76.1% in sera from these patients was seen when DS-DIA and dot-ELISA were used in paralle. CONCLUSION DS-DIA is a simple, economical and reliable method for detecting circulating antigens of Schistosoma japonicum, having a wide potential value especially for field use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xie
- Department of Parasitology, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200025
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Qiu L, Zhang Y, Li H, Xue H, Lou W, Xu D, Qian Z, Lu P, Deelder A. [Comparative observation on the efficacy of several test/probe systems for detecting schistosome circulating antigen]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2002; 16:34-7. [PMID: 12078205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the efficacy of 5 test/probe systems for the detecting of schistosomal circulation antigen (SCA) in sera from infected rabbits. METHODS Nine rabbits were infected with monosexual cercariae (either male or female), 7 rabbits were infected with bisexual cercariae as controls. Blood samples were collected periodically post infection (p.i). 15 rabbits were infected each with 250 bisexual cercaria and divided into 3 groups, 2 groups were treated with allyl thiourea (295-590 mg/kg) from 19 d or 46 d respectively, to inhibit their egg formation. One untreated group was used as control. Blood samples were collected weekly until 8 wk post infection. SCA detecting methods include (1) dot-ELISA/McAb anti-surface membrane antigen of adult worms (8SE4), (2) dot-ELISA/McAb anti-CCA (3D10), (3) Sandwich dot-ELISA/McAb anti-egg antigen (MG2), (4) Sandwich-ELISA/McAb anti-egg antigen (2H10), (5) Sandwich-ELISA/McAb anti-CAA (1B10). RESULTS Using method (1) all of the 18 rabbits infected with monosexual cercariae were negative. Using method (2) only 1 rabbit harboured 133 male worms showed positive. Using method (5) no SCA were detected in sera from female cercariae-infected rabbits but 3 out of 9 male cercariae-infected rabbits showed positive reaction. SCA detecting results from rabbits treated with allyl thiourea: both method (1) and (3) showed negative in rabbits treated from 19 d (p.i.) but all gave positive reaction in 6-7 wk in rabbits treated from 46 d (p.i.). There were all negative detected by using method (4) and all positive at 6 wk (p.i.) detected by method (5) in rabbits of 3 groups whether treated or non-treated. CONCLUSION Various test/probe systems have different efficacy in detecting SCA but (5) of the methods (1)(2) tests/probe systems could not detect SCA in rabbits with single female cercariae infection. From the egg formation inhibition study, the SCA detected by McAb 8SE4 dot-ELISA might be related to egg maturation. Whether the surface membrane antigen of adult worm has common antigenic component with egg antigen remains to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Qiu
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200025
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Lou W, Nakai S. Artificial neural network-based predictive model for bacterial growth in a simulated medium of modified-atmosphere-packed cooked meat products. J Agric Food Chem 2001; 49:1799-804. [PMID: 11308328 DOI: 10.1021/jf000650m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The data of Devilieghere et al. (Int. J. Food Microbiol. 1999, 46, 57--70) on bacterial growth in a simulated medium of modified-atmosphere-packed cooked meat products was processed for estimating maximum specific growth rate mu(max) and lag phase lambda of Lactobacillus sake using artificial neural networks-based model (ANNM) computation. The comparison between ANNM and response surface methodology (RSM) model showed that the accuracy of ANNM prediction was higher than that of RSM. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional plots of the response surfaces revealed that the relationships of water activity a(w), temperature T, and dissolved CO(2) concentration with mu(max) and lambda were complicated, not just linear or second-order relations. Furthermore, it was possible to compute the sensitivity of the model outputs against each input parameter by using ANNM. The results showed that mu(max) was most sensitive to a(w), T, and dissolved CO(2) in this order; whereas lambda was sensitive to T the most, followed by a(w), and dissolved CO(2) concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Lou
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 6650 Northwest Marine Drive, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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Wang J, Lou W, Dong M. [Study on the relation between the cell cycle regulators and laryngeal carcinogenesis]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 2001; 15:112-4. [PMID: 12541678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinicopathological significance of the Cyclin E, p21WAF1/CIP1 and p53 expression in laryngeal carcinogenesis. METHOD The expression of Cyclin E, p21WAF1/CIP1 and p53 was examined by using immunohistochemical method in normal epithelia (20), dysplastic epithelia (40) and laryngeal cancers (60). RESULT 1. In normal epithelium, dysplastic squamous epithelium and in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, the positive immunostaining rate of Cyclin E protein was 5.0%(1/20), 20.0%(8/40) and 45.0%(27/60) respectively (P < 0.001), and p21WAF1/CIP1 protein was 95.0%(19/20), 75.0%(30/40) and 63.3%(38/60) respectively (P < 0.01), while the rate of p53 was 0, 30.0%(12/40) and 61.7%(37/60)(P < 0.001) respectively. 2. p21WAF1/CIP1 positive expression in highly, moderately and poorly differentiated carcinomas were 76.2%(16/21), 66.5%(19/29) and 30.0%(3/10) respectively (P < 0.05), p21WAF1/CIP1 protein expression was significantly associated with tumour cell differentiation. 3. The positive expression of Cyclin E closely related with the positive expression of p53 (P < 0.05). No correlation was found between p21WAF1/CIP1 expression and p53 expression. CONCLUSION 1. Cyclin E and p53 could be an early molecular event in the carcinogenesis of larynx. 2. p21WAF1/CIP1 expression is associated with tumour cell differentiation. 3. The mutual mechanism of cell cycle regulators (Cyclin E, p21WAF1/CIP1 and p53) play an important role in the laryngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, First People's Hospital, Jining 272111
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Screening mammography for younger women and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurement have controversial benefits and known potential adverse consequences. While providing informed consent and eliciting patient preference have been advocated for these tests, little is known about how often these discussions take place or about barriers to these discussions. METHODS We administered a survey to medical house staff and attending physicians practicing primary care. The survey examined physicians' likelihood of discussing screening mammography and PSA testing, and factors influencing the frequency and quality of these discussions. RESULTS For the three scenarios, 16% to 34% of physicians stated that they do not discuss the screening tests. The likelihood of having a discussion was significantly associated with house staff physicians' belief that PSA screening is advantageous; house staff and attending physicians' intention to order a PSA test, and attending physicians' intention to order a mammogram; and a controversial indication for screening. The most commonly identified barriers to discussions were lack of time, the complexity of the topic, and a language barrier. CONCLUSIONS Physicians report they often do not discuss cancer screening tests with their patients. Our finding that physicians' beliefs and intention to order the tests, and extraneous factors such as time constraints and a language barrier, are associated with discussions indicates that some patients may be inappropriately denied the opportunity to choose whether to screen for breast and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Dunn
- Departments of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
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Abstract
The budding yeast PLC1 gene encodes a homolog of the delta isoform of mammalian phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C. Here, we present evidence that Plc1p associates with the kinetochore complex CBF3. This association is mediated through interactions with two established kinetochore proteins, Ndc10p and Cep3p. We show by chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments that Plc1p resides at centromeric loci in vivo. Deletion of PLC1, as well as plc1 mutations which abrogate the interaction of Plc1p with the CBF3 complex, results in a higher frequency of minichromosome loss, nocodazole sensitivity, and mitotic delay. Overexpression of Ndc10p suppresses the nocodazole sensitivity of plc1 mutants, implying that the association of Plc1p with CBF3 is important for optimal kinetochore function. Chromatin extracts from plc1Delta cells exhibit reduced microtubule binding to minichromosomes. These results suggest that Plc1p associates with kinetochores and regulates some aspect of kinetochore function and demonstrate an intranuclear function of phospholipase C in eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, New York 11439, USA
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Lou W, Zhu C. Expression and regulation of mRNAs for insulin-like growth factor-I receptor and LH receptor in corpora lutea. Sci China C Life Sci 2000; 43:183-190. [PMID: 18726371 DOI: 10.1007/bf02879127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/1999] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Relationship between insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) mRNA expression as well as their regulation was determined in rat corpora lutea (CL). In the CL of estrous cycle rat, LHR mRNA positive CL expressed high level of mRNA of IGF-IR. While the expression of LHR mRNA decreased on estrus, the CL still expressed relatively high level of IGF-IR mRNA. In pseudopregnant rat CL, the expression level of LHR mRNA was low on day 1, the most intense signals were detected on day 8, the signals of LHR mRNA became undetectable on day 14. In contrast to LHR expression, the high level of IGF-IR mRNA was observed in pseudopregnant CL of day 1, and thereafter its signals were detected from day 2 to day 14. Pregnant rat CL expressed both LHR and IGF-IR mRNAs. IGF-I stimulated LHR expression in CL. PGF(2alpha) inhibited expression of IGF-IR and LHR. PGE(2) negated the inhibiting effects of PGF(2alpha). These data suggest that IGF-I may be involved in regulating CL function, and maintaining CL structure through changes in expression of its receptors. Inhibited expression of IGF-IR by PGF(2alpha) may be part of mechanisms for regression of CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Lou
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Li G, Chen S, Lou W, Jiang H. [The protective effects of cardiac ischemic preconditioning on lung in cardiac operation with cardiopulmonary bypass]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2000; 23:41-3. [PMID: 10681792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Twenty direct vision intracardial operation patients were divided into two groups randomly. After cardiopulmonary bypass, ten patients were treated with myocardial ischemic preconditioning. The aorta were clamped for 3 minutes and released for 3 minutes (Group IP). Another ten patients were not treated with ischemic preconditioning (Group C), only underwent 6 minutes cardiopulmonary bypass. Then the aorta were clamped and intracardial operation were done. The left atrium blood and lung tissue were collected just after thoractomy and half an hour after cardiac reperfusion in both groups. RESULTS (1) The numbers of polymorphonuclear (PMN) of the two groups were increased significantly after cardiopulmonary bypass (P < 0.01). (2) The number of PMN and SOD, PaO2 contents were significantly higher in Group IP than in Group C (P < 0.05). (3) The numbers of PMN in lung interstitum under microscopy were less in Group IP than in Group C. (4) MDA contents were less in Group IP than in Group C (P < 0.05). (5) Histological finding showed less damage in Group IP than in Group C. It is evident that cardiac ischemic preconditioning could protect lung against ischemia reperfusion injury. The possible mechanisms are that ischemic preconditioning inhibites the accumulation and activation of PMN in lung tissue and reduces the production of oxygen free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Medical University, Changsha
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Ni Z, Lou W, Leman ES, Gao AC. Inhibition of constitutively activated Stat3 signaling pathway suppresses growth of prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 2000; 60:1225-8. [PMID: 10728680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of interleukin 6, a downstream target of the GBX2 homeobox gene, has been linked to the progression of prostate cancer. The Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathway transmits interleukin 6-mediated signals from cell surface receptors to the target genes in the nucleus and is critical in mediating cellular growth and differentiation. We demonstrate that cells derived from both rat and human prostate cancers have constitutively activated Stat3, with Stat3 activation being correlated with malignant potential. Blockade of activated Stat3 by ectopic expression of a dominant-negative Stat3 in human prostate cancer cells significantly suppresses their growth in vitro and their tumorigenicity in vivo. Furthermore, the Janus kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin AG490, inhibited the constitutive activation of Stat3 and suppressed the growth of human prostate cancer cells. These results indicate that activation of Stat3 signaling is essential in the progression of prostate cancer cells and suggest that targeting Stat3 signaling may yield a potential therapeutic intervention for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ni
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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