[Research on the correlation and regulation of bone metabolism related biochemical indexes in different gestational ages]

Objective: To investigate the correlation and metabolic characteristics of the growth hormone (GH) and other bone metabolism related biochemical markers in pregnancy women serum. Methods: Determination of GH, 25 hydroxy vitamin D(25(OH)D), osteocalcin n-terminal fragments (N-MID), total propeptide of type 1 procollagen (TP1NP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in different gestation women serum, the experimental group involving 75 cases of early pregnancy women(11-14 weeks), 135 cases of pregnancy women(15-21 weeks), 62 cases of late pregnancy women(31-40 weeks) and 28 cases of postpartum women(1-3 days). All cases were selected from prenatal screening patients in hospital from February 2016 to February 2017. The control group involving 55 cases of physically healthy nulliparous. The indicators of GH, 25(OH)D, TPINP and N-MID were detected by electrochemiluminescence and ALP were detected by rate method. All data were processed by SPSS. Variance analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were employed. Results: Serum GH level in early pregnancy, pregnancy, late pregnancy and control group were (4.54±2.26), (9.04±3.23), (20.16±4.89), (0.55±0.49)μg/L, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (F=270.037, P<0.01). Serum GH in each group of pregnant women were more higher than those in control group (all P<0.01), and there was statistical difference in different gestational stages(all P<0.01). Serum 25 (OH)D expression in early pregnancy, pregnancy and late pregnancy were (25.60±14.48), (27.10±12.05), (25.45±9.85)nmol/L. Compared with the control group(39.93±14.88)nmol/L, the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.01). Serum TP1NP level in early pregnancy, pregnancy, late pregnancy and control group were (44.44±11.80), (48.41±20.87), (102.63±41.73), (54.73±24.07)μg/L, respectively. The difference was significantly significant (F=54.027, P<0.01) and TP1NP in late pregnancy group was obvious higher than in early pregnancy group, pregnancy group and control group apart(all P<0.01). Serum N-MID level in early pregnancy, pregnancy, late pregnancy and control group were (5.91±2.64), (7.45±2.27), (17.24±6.47), (18.52±6.95)μg/L, and the difference was significantly significant(F=55.699, P<0.01). N-MID in early and middle pregnancy group were apparent lower than that in late pregnancy and control group (all P<0.01). Serum ALP level in early pregnancy, pregnancy, late pregnancy and control group were (49.74±10.14), (77.76±26.90), (168.34±45.15), (52.81±10.33) U/L, and the difference was significantly significant(F=180.349, P<0.01). However, there was noticeable difference in ALP level between late pregnancy and other pregnant group(P<0.01 or P<0.05). The serum GH, TP1NP and N-MID in postpartum women (1-3 days) were (1.44±0.99), (73.41±34.27), (12.10±5.64) μg/L, respectively. Compare with late pregnancy groups, the difference was significantly significant(all P<0.01). The content of GH in serum of 272 cases pregnant women was positively correlated with the concentration of TP1NP, N-MID and ALP, the gestational age and body weight of pregnant women(r=0.509, 0.720, 0.862, 0.827, 0.324, all P<0.01). The content of TP1NP, N-MID and ALP were positively correlated with gestational age, respectively(r=0.603, 0.722, 0.901, all P<0.01). Moreover, TP1NP expression was positively correlated with N-MID (r=0.849, P<0.01), and there was no correlation between other indexes. Conclusions: These findings have revealed that there are different metabolic character of the GH and bone metabolism related biochemical indexes during different pregnancy period. And there is a positive correlation between gestational age and the index of GH, N-MID, TP1NP, ALP, respectively. Finally, the bone metabolism is more active and Vitamin D deficiency is severe throughout pregnancy.

Clinical features, treatments and prognosis of the initial cases of pandemic influenza H1N1 2009 virus infection in Shanghai China

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

As of 13 December 2009, more than 208 countries and overseas territories or communities have reported laboratory-confirmed cases of pandemic influenza H1N1 2009, which have resulted in at least 10 582 deaths. As of 7 December 2009, 4328 severe cases were reported in Mainland China, resulting in 326 deaths. This study's objective was to determine the clinical features, treatments and prognosis of the initial cases of Pandemic influenza H1N1 2009 virus infection in Shanghai, China, and how its clinical features related to patient gender.

METHODS

A total of 224 confirmed 2009 influenza A/H1N1-infected patients treated and discharged by Shanghai Public Health Clinical center between 24 May and 20 July 2009 were included in the study. Patients' personal information, signs and symptoms, laboratory and imagery data, disease course, hospitalization period and seroconversion duration for viral nucleic acid after antiviral treatment were analyzed.

RESULTS

Among the 224 patients, 118 were male and 106 were female, yielding a sex ratio of 1.1:1. Approximately 52% of the patients came from Australia, and 63.8% were between 18 and 40 years old. Clinical manifestations included fever, cough and congestion of the throat, and lab findings were characterized by elevated C-reaction protein (CRP) and neutrophils. Female patients had significantly lower serum Prealbumin (PA) levels than male patients (P < 0.05). The patients' serum CRF levels significantly decreased after treatment (P < 0.05), while the levels of CD3, CD4 and CD8 significantly increased after treatment (P < 0.01). Approximately 29.9% of the patients had abnormal signs on chest computer tomography scan, and 21.9% had obvious signs indicating pneumonia. However, blood cultures were negative in these patients. The average disease course was 3.9 +/- 1.4 days, the average hospitalization period was 5.0 +/- 1.7 days, and the seroconversion duration for viral nucleic acid after antiviral treatment was 3.8 +/- 1.3 days.

CONCLUSION

Initial cases of pandemic influenza H1N1 2009 were characterized by fever, cough and throat congestion, with elevated CRP and neutrophils being the most significant lab findings. The pandemic influenza H1N1 2009 strain was able to affect multiple organs, including the hepatic synthesis of PA and immune functioning. The novel 2009 Influenza A/H1N1 virus was mild clinically, with a short disease course and good prognosis.

[Prevention and treatment of the complications for whole-scale cataract surgery in rural hospitals]

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the method of prevention and treatment of the complications of cataract surgery carried out on a large scale concentrated effort in rural hospitals.

METHOD

The cataract extraction combined with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in 394 eyes of 385 cases were analyzed in review.

RESULTS

In 394 eyes, IOL implanting rate was 86%, cornea edema was observed in 8 eyes, hemorrhage anterior chamber in 2 eyes, secondary glaucoma in 1 eye, and IOL ccentricity in 3 eyes. The corrected visual acuity of these patients after being discharged from hospitals was distinctly improved comparing with pre-operation (P < 0.01), the rate of visual acuity relieved from blindness was 98%, and the rate of visual acuity relieved from visual handicap was 86%.

CONCLUSION

The attentive examination before operation, careful manipulation at the time of operating and conscientious observation of treatment after operation are the keys of preventing and decreasing post-operation complications.

[Effect of Panax notoginseng saponins combined isovolumic haemodilution on the retinal microcirculation of patients with retinal vein occlusion]

OBJECTIVE

To study the effect of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) or isovolumic haemodilution (IHD) and combination of PNS with IHD on retinal microcirculation of patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

METHOD

Seventy three patients with RVO were allocated at random to three groups which were treated with PNS, IHD, or PNS + IHD respectively. The retinal circulation time (RCT) and retinal hemorrhage, edema, leakage of capillary, cystoid macular edema (CME), and nonperfusion area of capillary in retina were observed before and after treatment.

RESULT

RCT of patients with RVO was shortened by three treating methods. RCT in the patients who treated by PNS + IHD was the shortest, especially in the patients with nonischemic RVO and branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO). The retinal hemorrhage, edema, leakage of capillary, and CME in the patients treated by PNS + IHD disappeared quicker than those treated by PNS or IHD. At the same time, the incidence of nonperfusion area in patients whose course of disease was shorter than fourteen days was decreased. The perfusion of capillaries was increased at the edge of nonperfusion area which existed before the treatment. But the effect for nonperfusion area which existed before the treatment in the type of ischemic RVO was not obvious.

CONCLUSION

The treatment of PNS + IHD can both shorten RCT of patients with RVO, and promote absorption of retinal hemorrhage, edema, leakage of capillary, and CME. It is possible that PNS + IHD treatment also has an effect to decrease the forming of nonperfusion area in patients whose course of disease is at early stage.

Intracellular recordings from canine intracardiac ganglion cells

Stable transmembrane potentials were recorded from 60 canine intracardiac ganglion cells taken from 10 dogs, which had intact synaptic connections: mean resting membrane potential, input resistance and time constant were 61.5 mV, 70 M omega and 3.3 ms. Action potentials could be evoked by intrasomal current injection and by orthodromic and antidromic stimulation of interganglionic nerves. Orthodromic action potentials were initiated by excitatory postsynaptic potentials and mediated by nicotinic receptors. All action potentials could be blocked by tetrodotoxin. Intracellular labeling revealed large cell bodies and long dendritic and axonal processes. Thus, the functional and anatomical properties of canine cardiac ganglion cells and their synaptic connections can be elucidated using this preparation.