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[Morphological characteristic of anal canal in patients with dyssynergic defecation and its correlation with anorectal manometry]. ZHONGHUA WEI CHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2019; 22:457-463. [PMID: 31104432 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of three-dimensional endoanal ultrasound (3D-EAUS) for dyssynergic defecation (DD). Methods: A case-control study was performed to retrospectively collectclinical data of 46 DD patients, including 16 males and 30 females with median age of 51 (20 to 70) years, at Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine from February 2012 to April 2015.All the patients met the diagnostic criteria of functional constipation of Rome III. The paradoxical contraction of puborectalis (PR) muscle was found by both rectal examination and anorectal manometry. In the same period,45 healthy volunteers, including 22 males and 23 females with median age of 48 (21 to 72) years, without pelvic operation history, and with normal defecation in recent 6 months, were enrolled as the control group. No significant differences were observed in age and gender between two groups (both P>0.05). Cleveland constipation score of DD group was higher than that of control group [15(8-24) vs. 5(1-9), t=15.720, P<0.001]. 3D-EAUS examination was performed in all the subjects. Thickness and length of internal anal sphincter (IAS) (anterior side and posterior side), thickness of PR muscle, length of external anal sphincter (EAS) plus PR muscle, and puborectalis angle were measured and compared by using student t test between two groups. Correlation between these ultrasound parameters and anorectal manometry was examined by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Both male and female in the DD group had the greater thickness of IAS, as compared to those in the control group [male: (1.7±0.5) mm vs.(1.5±0.2) mm, t=2.516, P=0.016; female: (1.9±0.4) mm vs.(1.6±0.5) mm, t=2.034,P=0.047]. No significant differences between the two groups were observed with respect to the posterior length of IAS, length of EAS plus PR muscle, and thickness of PR muscle (all P>0.05). Compared to the control group, male in the DD group had smaller puborectalis angle during straining [(87.0±3.6)° vs. (90.5±1.8)°,t=3.502,P=0.002];female in the DD group had smaller puborectalis angle both in resting and straining [resting:(86.5±3.8)° vs. (90.1±2.1)°,t=4.047, P<0.001;straining: (84.1±4.5)° vs. (90.2±2.3)°, t=5.938, P<0.001]. Correlation analysis showed that anterior length of IAS was positively correlated with anal resting pressure (r=0.321, P=0.030); the length of EAS plus PR muscle was positively correlated with anal squeeze pressure (r=0.415, P=0.004). There were no correlations between the thickness and the posterior length of IAS and the anal resting pressure, or between the thickness of PR muscle and the anal squeeze pressure (all P>0.05). Conclusions: The 3D-EAUS can accurately assess the morphological features of anal canal in DD patients. There is a certain positive correlation between 3D-EAUS and anorectal manometry.
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[Advances in the research of antibacterial properties of silver ion and its application in wound treatment]. ZHONGHUA SHAO SHANG ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA SHAOSHANG ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF BURNS 2018; 34:183-186. [PMID: 29609281 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, antibacterial products containing silver ion are widely used in clinical wound treatment. The concentration of silver ion in products, pH value, and other factors may affect the release of silver ion and its antibacterial effects. In the treatment of clinical wound, silver ion product plays a good role in anti-infection, promoting healing and reducing medical expenses. In this paper, the related applications of silver ion products in wound surface are analyzed, and the antibacterial properties of silver ion and its therapeutic effects in wound treatment are summarized.
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[Acute toxicity and bio-distribution of silver nitrate and nano-silver with different particle diameters in rats]. ZHONGHUA SHAO SHANG ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA SHAOSHANG ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF BURNS 2017; 32:606-612. [PMID: 27765092 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the acute toxic effect and the cumulative target organ of silver nitrate and nano-silver with two different particle diameters in rats. Methods: Thirty-six adult SD rats were divided into small particle size nano-silver group (SNS), large particle size nano-silver group (LNS), silver nitrate group (SN), and control group (C) according to the random number table, with 9 rats in each group. The rats of the four groups were respectively injected with 10 mg/mL nano-silver solution (particle diameter of 20 nm, prepared by saline) in silver dose of 30 mg/kg by tail vein for once, 10 mg/mL nano-silver solution (particle diameter of 100 nm, prepared by saline) in silver dose of 30 mg/kg, 1.67 mg/mL silver nitrate solution (prepared by glucose solution) in silver dose of 3 mg/kg, and 30 mg/mL polyvinylpyrrolidone solution (prepared by saline) in dose of 90 mg/kg. (1) Toxicity test. The general observation was performed within 14 days after injection, and the deviation between value of body mass before injection and each of that on post injection day (PID) 1, 7, and 14 were respectively recorded. On PID 1, 7, and 14, 3 rats of each group were harvested for determination of serum content of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein, and albumin by fully automatic biochemical analyzer. Then the rats were sacrificed immediately, and heart tissue, liver tissue, spleen tissue, lung tissue, kidney tissue, and brain tissue were collected to calculate the organ coefficient. Organ samples with obvious changes in organ coefficient were collected for histopathological observation by HE staining, with 3 samples in each group at each time point. (2) Bio-distribution. The specimens of heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney of rats from groups SNS, LNS, and SN were collected for detection of silver content by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, with 3 samples in each group at each time point. Data were processed with analysis of variance of factorial design, LSD test, and Dunnett's T3 test. Results: (1) The general condition of rats in groups C and SN after injection were normal. The state of rats of groups SNS and LNS was poor with black secretion in the eye and other phenomena on PID 1, which recovered from PID 3 on. (2) The deviations between values of body mass before injection and that on PID 14 in rats of groups LNS and SN were significantly decreased as compared with deviation of group C (with P values below 0.01), but deviation of group SNS was not significantly changed (P>0.05). The deviations between values of body mass before injection and each of that on PID 1 and 7 in rats in the other three groups were similar to those in group C (with P values above 0.05). (3) Compared with those in group C, the serum content of total protein of rats in group SN on PID 1 was significantly decreased, and liver coefficient was significantly increased (with P values below 0.05). On PID 1, the serum content of ALT of rats in group LNS was (61.0±8.7) U/L, which was significantly higher than that in group C [(40.0±4.6) U/L, P<0.01]. Compared with those in group C [(126.0±3.5) U/L and 4.05±0.23], the serum content of AST of rats in groups SNS and LNS on PID 1[(249.7±107.2) and (237.0±38.3) U/L] was significantly increased, and liver coefficients (3.50±0.38 and 3.31±0.07) were significantly decreased, with P values below 0.05. Compared with those in group C [(69.2±4.8) U/L and 4.32±0.39], the serum content of AST of rats in groups SNS and LNS on PID 7 [(181.0±51.5) and (167.7±16.5) U/L] was also significantly increased, and liver coefficients (3.55±0.18 and 3.62±0.21) were also significantly decreased, P<0.05 or P<0.01. On PID 14, the four liver biochemical indexes in serum and all organ coefficients of rats in the other three groups were similar to those in group C (with P values above 0.05). (4) The liver of rats in group SN had slight degeneration on PID 1, the liver cells around the central vein of liver of rats in group SNS had slight degeneration on PID 7, and the liver cells got severely eosinophilic degeneration in liver of rats in group LNS on PID 7. There was no significant pathological change in the liver of rats in each group at the rest time points. (5) The silver content of lung and kidney in rats of group SNS on PID 1, that of spleen and kidney in rats of group LNS on PID 1, and that of heart and kidney in rats of groups LNS and SNS on PID 7 was significantly less than that of group SN (with P values below 0.05). The silver content of liver and spleen in rats of group SNS on PID 14 was significantly more than that of group SN (with P values below 0.05). Compared with that of group SN, the silver content of lung on PID 1 and liver on PID 7 in rats of group LNS was significantly increased (with P values below 0.05). On PID 14, there was no significant change in the silver content of all organs of rats between group SN and group LNS (with P values above 0.05). The silver content of heart, lung, and kidney on PID 1 and heart on PID 7 in rats of group LNS was significantly more than that of group SNS (with P values below 0.05). On PID 14, the silver content of each organ of rats in group SNS was close to that in group LNS (with P values above 0.05). Conclusions: Silver nitrate and nano-silver with two different particle diameters have a short acute toxic effect on the liver of rats, and the liver has certain ability of self-healing. Nano-silver is mainly accumulated in the liver. The distribution of nano-silver with large particle diameter in organs is more widely than that of nano-silver with small particle diameter.
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[Antimicrobial applications and toxicity of nano-silver in the medical field]. ZHONGHUA SHAO SHANG ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA SHAOSHANG ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF BURNS 2016; 32:631-634. [PMID: 27765095 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the application of nanomaterial is ubiquitous in our daily life and medical field, in which the application related to nano-silver is more extensive. On one hand, it can make positive effects, such as anti-bacteria, anti-virus, anti-fungi, anti-parasitic infection and anti-tumor. In particular, its anti-bacterial activity in some acute or chronic treatment of infected wounds is more prominent. The application in diseases of gynecology, orthopedics, cardiovascular system, oral cavity, and ophthalmology is increasing. On the other hand, it can induce negative impacts and potential toxicity. It can be harmful to skin, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, cardiovascular system, and so on. This article summarizes the antimicrobial application of nano-silver on treatment of diseases, its potential toxic effects on some organs or systems, and the possible toxic mechanism, as well as makes prospects of the research trends of nano-silver in future.
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[Screening, identification and biocontrol effect of antagonistic actinomycetes against the pathogen of Cytospora sp. for apple tree]. YING YONG SHENG TAI XUE BAO = THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY 2016; 27:3379-3386. [PMID: 29726166 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201610.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The pathogen of Cytospora sp. was considered as the target fungus to evaluate the bio-control potential of antagonistic actinomycetes against Cytospora sp. in the present study, which was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of apple tree. Moreover, the antagonistic effect of actinomycetes against Cytospora sp. growth was determined by the method of confrontation and growth rate, and the screened antagonistic strain was identified by the method of morphology and molecular biology. Also, the inhibitory activity of strain ZZ-9 against the conidium germination and mycelia growth of Cytospora sp. was determined in vivo, and its bio-control effect on Cytospora sp. growth was determined in detached apple twigs. The results showed that fifteen strains of actinomycetes had the inhibitory effect on Cytospora sp. growth, among all the isolated strains, which accounted for 18.8% and especially the inhibitory rate of eight strains was more than 50%. In addition, among all the screened strains, the strain ZZ-9 presented the highest inhibitory rate of 96.4%, which was significantly higher than those of the other isolated strains. The strain ZZ-9 was initially identified as Streptomyces rochei according to cultural characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties and 16S rDNA analysis. The nucleotide sequences in GenBank accession number was registered as KT986228. Different dilution of ZZ-9 fermentation had significant inhibitory effect on Cytospora sp. conidium germination and mycelia growth. The inhibitory rates of the 50 times fermentation on both conidium germination and mycelia growth were more than 80%. The inhibited mycelia's color was deepened, the mycelia branches were increased, and the ends of hyphae were swelled and deformed, even the protoplasm was concentrated and released. The bio-control effect of the ZZ-9 stock solution on Cytospora sp. growth was more than 75% in detached apple twigs. Thus, our results indicated that the strain ZZ-9 could be used for controlling apple tree Valsa canker in vivo and vitro.
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Abstract
We and other investigators have hypothesised that the CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR)3/CXCR3 ligand biological axis is involved in the formation of sarcoid lung granulomas; however, significant discrepancies in the current literature remain. In an effort to clarify previous conflicting findings, we performed the largest observational study to date of interferon-inducible ELR(-) (lacking the sequence glutamic acid-leucine-arginine) CXC chemokines in sarcoid bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF). BALF chemokine levels from sarcoid patients (n = 72) and healthy controls (n = 8) were measured with the ELISA method. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for CXCR3 and its ligands. BALF CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)10 levels from sarcoid patients were not significantly increased compared with controls. BALF CXCL11 levels from sarcoid patients demonstrated a trend towards elevation; subgroup analysis by stage showed significant BALF CXCL11 elevation in stage I sarcoid patients compared with controls. BALF CXCL9 levels were elevated from sarcoid patients compared with controls. CXC11, CXCL9 and CXCR3 were expressed from epithelioid histiocytes, multinucleated giant cells and other inflammatory cells forming sarcoid lung granulomas. Our data suggest that CXCL9 and CXCL11 are important mediators in recruiting CXCR3-expressing cells. Importantly, we have made the novel observation that both lymphocytes and cells of monocyte linage express CXCR3 and are involved in the formation of sarcoid lung granulomas.
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169 INCREASED MIG/CXCL9 AND IP-10/CXCL10 IN VIRUS-INDUCED LUNG INFLAMMATION…A PRELUDE TO BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA? J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl1-169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Critical role for the chemokine MCP-1/CCR2 in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. J Clin Invest 2001; 108:547-56. [PMID: 11518728 PMCID: PMC209398 DOI: 10.1172/jci12214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the major limitation to survival after lung transplantation. Acute rejection, its main risk factor, is characterized by perivascular/bronchiolar leukocyte infiltration. BOS is characterized by persistent peribronchiolar leukocyte recruitment leading to airway fibrosis and obliteration. The specific mechanism(s) by which these leukocytes are recruited are unknown. Because MCP-1, acting through its receptor CCR2, is a potent mononuclear cell chemoattractant, we hypothesized that expression of this chemokine during an allogeneic-response promotes persistent recruitment of leukocytes and, ultimately, rejection. We found that elevated levels of biologically active MCP-1 in human bronchial lavage fluid (BALF) were associated with the continuum from acute to chronic allograft rejection. Translational studies in a murine model of BOS demonstrated increased MCP-1 expression paralleling mononuclear cell recruitment and CCR2 expression. Loss of MCP-1/CCR2 signaling, as seen in CCR2(-/-) mice or in WT mice treated with neutralizing antibodies to MCP-1, significantly reduced recruitment of mononuclear phagocytes following tracheal transplantation and led to attenuation of BOS. Lymphocyte infiltration was not reduced under these conditions. We suggest that MCP-1/CCR2 signaling plays an important role in recruitment of mononuclear phagocytes, a pivotal event in the pathogenesis of BOS.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bronchiolitis Obliterans/etiology
- Bronchiolitis Obliterans/metabolism
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/chemistry
- Chemokine CCL2/analysis
- Chemokine CCL2/genetics
- Chemokine CCL2/physiology
- Chemokine CXCL2
- Chemokines/analysis
- Chemokines/physiology
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/physiology
- Cohort Studies
- Female
- Graft Rejection/etiology
- Graft Rejection/metabolism
- Heart-Lung Transplantation
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Lung Transplantation
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Middle Aged
- Models, Animal
- Phagocytosis
- Postoperative Complications/etiology
- Postoperative Complications/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CCR2
- Receptors, Chemokine/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Chemokine/deficiency
- Receptors, Chemokine/genetics
- Receptors, Chemokine/physiology
- Signal Transduction
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The CXC chemokine receptor 2, CXCR2, is the putative receptor for ELR+ CXC chemokine-induced angiogenic activity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2000; 165:5269-77. [PMID: 11046061 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.9.5269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that members of the ELR(+) CXC chemokine family, including IL-8; growth-related oncogenes alpha, beta, and gamma; granulocyte chemotactic protein 2; and epithelial neutrophil-activating protein-78, can mediate angiogenesis in the absence of preceding inflammation. To date, the receptor on endothelial cells responsible for chemotaxis and neovascularization mediated by these ELR(+) CXC chemokines has not been determined. Because all ELR(+) CXC chemokines bind to CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), we hypothesized that CXCR2 is the putative receptor for ELR(+) CXC chemokine-mediated angiogenesis. To test this postulate, we first determined whether cultured human microvascular endothelial cells expressed CXCR2. CXCR2 was detected in human microvascular endothelial cells at the protein level by both Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry using polyclonal Abs specific for human CXCR2. To determine whether CXCR2 played a functional role in angiogenesis, we determined whether this receptor was involved in endothelial cell chemotaxis. We found that microvascular endothelial cell chemotaxis in response to ELR(+) CXC chemokines was inhibited by anti-CXCR2 Abs. In addition, endothelial cell chemotaxis in response to ELR(+) CXC chemokines was sensitive to pertussis toxin, suggesting a role for G protein-linked receptor mechanisms in this biological response. The importance of CXCR2 in mediating ELR(+) CXC chemokine-induced angiogenesis in vivo was also demonstrated by the lack of angiogenic activity induced by ELR(+) CXC chemokines in the presence of neutralizing Abs to CXCR2 in the rat corneal micropocket assay, or in the corneas of CXCR2(-/-) mice. We thus conclude that CXCR2 is the receptor responsible for ELR(+) CXC chemokine-mediated angiogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Topical
- Amino Acid Motifs
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/physiology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Blocking/physiology
- Cell Migration Inhibition
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokines, CXC/administration & dosage
- Chemokines, CXC/chemistry
- Chemokines, CXC/physiology
- Cornea/blood supply
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
- Humans
- Immune Sera/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Microcirculation/cytology
- Microcirculation/immunology
- Microcirculation/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/immunology
- Pertussis Toxin
- Rats
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/metabolism
- Virulence Factors, Bordetella/pharmacology
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The role of the CC chemokine, RANTES, in acute lung allograft rejection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2000; 165:461-72. [PMID: 10861085 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.1.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung transplantation is a therapeutic option for patients with end-stage lung disease. Acute allograft rejection is a major complication of lung transplantation and is characterized by the infiltration of activated mononuclear cells. The specific mechanisms that recruit these leukocytes have not been fully elucidated. The CC chemokine, RANTES, is a potent mononuclear cell chemoattractant. In this study we investigated RANTES involvement during acute lung allograft rejection in humans and in a rat model system. Patients with allograft rejection had a 2.3-fold increase in RANTES in their bronchoalveolar lavages compared with healthy allograft recipients. Rat lung allografts demonstrated a marked time-dependent increase in levels of RANTES compared with syngeneic control lungs. RANTES levels correlated with the temporal recruitment of mononuclear cells and the expression of RANTES receptors CCR1 and CCR5. To determine RANTES involvement in lung allograft rejection, lung allograft recipients were passively immunized with either anti-RANTES or control Abs. In vivo neutralization of RANTES attenuated acute lung allograft rejection and reduced allospecific responsiveness by markedly decreasing mononuclear cell recruitment. These experiments support the idea that RANTES, and the expression of its receptors have an important role in the pathogenesis of acute lung allograft rejection.
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[Cardiovascular reactions to gravitational force in different directions]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 2000; 13:104-8. [PMID: 11543048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the features of the cardiovascular reactions to gravitational forces along different axes of the body. METHOD Dogs were exposed to gravitational forces along axes of body on an animal centrifuge. RESULT It was found that when the direction of G force changed from +Gz to +Gx, the predominating effect on the cardiovascular system changed from the drop of eye level blood pressure to the increase of central venous pressure, and the reactions of the organism changed from a presson reflex of the arterial system to the inhibition of cardiac activities at higher G levels. The turning point was found to be at the back angle of 75 degrees with respect to the direction of the gravitational force. CONCLUSION These findings provide an important reference for choosing the optimal seat back angle in a manned space vehicle.
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The CXC chemokine, monokine induced by interferon-gamma, inhibits non-small cell lung carcinoma tumor growth and metastasis. Hum Gene Ther 2000; 11:247-61. [PMID: 10680839 DOI: 10.1089/10430340050015996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an absolute requirement for tumor growth beyond 2 mm3 in size. The balance in expression between opposing angiogenic and angiostatic factors controls the angiogenic process. The CXC chemokines are a group of chemotactic cytokines that possess disparate activity in the regulation of angiogenesis. Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) has an imbalance in expression of ELR+ (angiogenic) compared with ELR- (angiostatic) CXC chemokines that favors angiogenesis and progressive tumor growth. We found that the level of the ELR- CXC chemokine MIG (monokine induced by interferon gamma) in human specimens of NSCLC was not significantly different from that found in normal lung tissue. These results suggested that the increased expression of ELR+ CXC chemokines found in these tumor samples is not counterregulated by a concomitant increase in the expression of the angiostatic ELR-CXC chemokine MIG. This would result in an even more profound imbalance in the expression of regulatory factors of angiogenesis that would favor neovascularization. We hypothesized that MIG might be an endogenous inhibitor of NSCLC tumor growth in vivo and that reconstituion of MIG in the tumor microenvironment would result in the inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis. In support of this hypothesis, we demonstrate here that overexpression of the ELR-CXC chemokine MIG, by three different strategies including gene transfer, results in the inhibition of NSCLC tumor growth and metastasis via a decrease in tumor-derived vessel density. These findings support the importance of the ELR- CXC chemokine MIG in inhibiting NSCLC tumor growth by attenuation of tumor-derived angiogenesis. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate the potential of gene therapy as an alternative means to deliver and overexpress a potent angiostatic CXC chemokine.
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IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via inhibition of angiogenesis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1999; 163:5686-92. [PMID: 10553099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have addressed the importance of vascular remodeling in the lung during the development of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (BPF). For fibroplasia and deposition of extracellular matrix to occur, there must be a geometric increase in neovascularization. We hypothesized that net angiogenesis during the pathogenesis of fibroplasia and deposition of extracellular matrix during BPF are dependent in part on a relative deficiency of the angiostatic CXC chemokine, IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10). To test this hypothesis, we measured IP-10 by specific ELISA in whole lung homogenates in either bleomycin-treated or control mice and correlated these levels with lung hydroxyproline. We found that lung tissue from mice treated with bleomycin, compared with that from saline-treated controls, demonstrated a decrease in the presence of IP-10 that was correlated to a greater angiogenic response and total lung hydroxyproline content. Systemic administration of IP-10 significantly reduced BPF without any alteration in lung lymphocyte or NK cell populations. This was also paralleled by a reduction in angiogenesis. Furthermore, IP-10 had no direct effect on isolated pulmonary fibroblasts. These results demonstrate that the angiostatic CXC chemokine, IP-10, inhibits fibroplasia and deposition of extracellular matrix by regulating angiogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/physiology
- Animals
- Biological Assay
- Bleomycin/toxicity
- Cell Division/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CXCL10
- Chemokines, CXC/administration & dosage
- Chemokines, CXC/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemokines, CXC/biosynthesis
- Chemokines, CXC/physiology
- Corneal Neovascularization/immunology
- Corneal Neovascularization/prevention & control
- Female
- Fibroblasts/cytology
- Fibroblasts/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/physiology
- Lung/blood supply
- Lung/drug effects
- Lung/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/immunology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/prevention & control
- Pulmonary Fibrosis/chemically induced
- Pulmonary Fibrosis/immunology
- Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology
- Pulmonary Fibrosis/physiopathology
- Rats
- Rats, Long-Evans
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[Changes in QT interval of electrocardiogram under +Gz acceleration and its significance]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 1999; 12:328-32. [PMID: 12022175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define whether QT interval could be used to predict the response of pilots to +Gz stress. METHOD 37 pilots underwent +4 Gz acceleration on a human centrifuge. According to their responses to +Gz stress, subjects were divided into group A (good reaction group, n=18), group B (hyperfunction reaction group, n=14) and group C (inhibition reaction group, n=1). QT and RR interval were measured pre-, during and post-G. The data of 33 subjects (89.2%) whose QT interval could be measured were analyzed statistically. RESULT During +Gz, QT and RR interval were shortened and sensitivity of QT interval to RR interval was augmented significantly (vs. pre-G, P<0.001); group B had higher sensitivity of QT interval to RR interval during +Gz (P<0.001, as compared with group A); discrimination functions established by QT and RR interval during +Gz were efficient and their accurate judgement rate was 81.8%. CONCLUSION The changes in QT interval of ECG were related to autonomic nervous imbalance under +Gz; QT interval and RR interval could be used to predict the response of pilots to +Gz stress. These suggested that the parameters and method in this study might be used in G-LOC warning system.
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Epithelial-neutrophil activating peptide (ENA-78) is an important angiogenic factor in non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Invest 1998; 102:465-72. [PMID: 9691082 PMCID: PMC508906 DOI: 10.1172/jci3145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the role of the CXC chemokine, epithelial neutrophil activating peptide (ENA-78), as an angiogenic factor in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In freshly isolated human specimens of NSCLC, elevated levels of ENA-78 were found that strongly correlated with the vascularity of the tumors. In a SCID mouse model of human NSCLC tumorigenesis, expression of ENA-78 in developing tumors correlated with tumor growth in two different NSCLC cell lines. Furthermore, passive immunization of NSCLC tumor-bearing mice with neutralizing anti-ENA-78 antibodies reduced tumor growth, tumor vascularity, and spontaneous metastases, while having no effect on the proliferation of NSCLC cells either in vitro or in vivo. These findings suggest that ENA-78 is an important angiogenic factor in human NSCLC.
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Abstract
An experimental animal hypoxia model has been developed. It consists of two sensors (an in vitro and in vivo model), an experimental device and a computer signal processing system. This method can easily be applied to determine and analyse blood oxygen saturation at various hypoxia levels. It can also be used to evaluate the accuracy of pulse oximetry over a wide range of oxyhemoglobin desaturation levels. The DC and AC components of recorded red and infra-red signals, the dual-wavelength ratio R12 and the reading of a pulse oximeter (SpO2) can be automatically calculated and displayed on a computer screen. Preliminary results of the animal hypoxia test indicate that the measurements made by the instrument correlate well with the oxygen saturation readings of the automatic blood gas analyser AVL945. The computer analysis system is suitable for repeated estimations in the animal model.
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Gas effusion spectra of HgBa2CuO4+ delta. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:682-687. [PMID: 9984304 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Doping and high-pressure study on Lu(Ni1-xAx)BC with A=Cu and V. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:12318-12320. [PMID: 9982863 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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19
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Pressure effect on Tc for (Yb1-xPrx)Ba2Cu3O7. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:11855-11859. [PMID: 9982815 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.11855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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20
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Unusual magnetic-field dependence of the electrothermal conductivity in the mixed state of cuprate superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:8681-8686. [PMID: 9982381 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.8681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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21
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Variation of the temperature dependence of the penetration depth in HgBa2CuO4+ delta with oxidation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:2811-2814. [PMID: 9983793 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.2811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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22
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Vortex fluctuations and interlayer coupling in cuprates. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:2815-2818. [PMID: 9983794 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.2815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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23
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Pressure effect on the Tc of HgBa2CuO4+ delta with 0.07 <= delta <= 0.39. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:6854-6857. [PMID: 9981915 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.6854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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24
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Origin of the R-ion effect on Tc in RBa2Cu3O7. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:12900-12903. [PMID: 9978084 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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25
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The study on the mechanism of G intolerance of rabbits after simulated weightlessness. JOURNAL OF GRAVITATIONAL PHYSIOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR GRAVITATIONAL PHYSIOLOGY 1995; 2:P23-4. [PMID: 11538918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The direct consequence of cardiovascular adaptation to weightlessness (WL) is the decrease of G tolerance. In studying the mechanism of G intolerance after WL, respiration, heart rate, electrocardiogram, temporal arterial flow, loss of vision were usually used as the indices for evaluation of G tolerance. However the changes of microcirculation and blood rheological indices were seldom observed. Considering that the changes of status of blood circulation after WL may be one of the important factors causing decrease of G tolerance, the purpose of this paper is to observe the changes of microcirculation, blood rheological and the structure and circulatory status of four organs in rabbits during -4Gx after exposure to simulated weightlessness (SWL), in order to understand the cause of G intolerance after WL.
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Superconductivity in (LuC)2(Ni2B2) and (LuC)(Ni2B2). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:9445-9448. [PMID: 9974996 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.9445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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27
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Unusual hole dependence of Tc in HgBa2CuO4+ delta. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:10346-10349. [PMID: 9975124 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.10346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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28
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Superconductivity up to 164 K in HgBa2Cam-1CumO2m+2+ delta (m=1, 2, and 3) under quasihydrostatic pressures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:4260-4263. [PMID: 9976724 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.4260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Irreversibility line of the HgBa2CaCu2O6+ delta high-temperature superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:4218-4221. [PMID: 10011320 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.4218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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30
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High-pressure study of RSr2Cu2.7Mo0.3Oy with R=Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:11337-11340. [PMID: 10005268 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.11337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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31
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ac magnetic susceptibility of melt-textured YBa2Cu3O7- delta. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:6082-6085. [PMID: 10004558 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.6082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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32
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Scaling of the supercurrent relaxation and critical slowing down near the irreversibility line in YBa2Cu3O7- delta. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 46:14325-14328. [PMID: 10003530 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.14325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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33
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Defect properties of neutron-irradiated YBa2Cu3O7 superconductors probed by positron annihilation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:7989-7995. [PMID: 10000607 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.7989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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34
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Transient moment relaxation in high-temperature superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:12029-12032. [PMID: 9999344 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.12029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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35
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Temperature dependence of the activation energy at low magnetic induction in high-Tc superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:2778-2783. [PMID: 9999850 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.2778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Evidence for collective pinning in high-temperature superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:13598-13601. [PMID: 9997195 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.13598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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37
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Effect of +Gy stress on psycho-physiological parameters and tracking performance in humans. THE PHYSIOLOGIST 1991; 34:S84-7. [PMID: 2047479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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38
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Positron distribution contribution to changes in annihilation characteristics across Tc in high-temperature superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 42:10199-10210. [PMID: 9995278 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.42.10199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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39
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Positron-annihilation studies on the YBa2Cu4O8 superconductor. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:11685-11688. [PMID: 9993612 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.11685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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40
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Superconductivity in the high-Tc Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu-O system: Phase identification. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1988; 60:1174-1177. [PMID: 10037960 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.60.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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41
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Superconductivity up to 114 K in the Bi-Al-Ca-Sr-Cu-O compound system without rare-earth elements. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1988; 60:941-943. [PMID: 10037896 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.60.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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