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Chao M, Chan Y, Pan D, Holt E, Tan A, McMillan K, Ho H, Pham T, Thomas J, Orio P, Cokelek M, Joon DL, Foroudi F, Bolton D. Can Perirectal Spacing Help Reduce GI Toxicity in Patients Undergoing Post-Prostatectomy Radiotherapy? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Holt E, Chan Y, Tan A, Liu M, Ho H, Manohar P, Pan D, Cham C, McMillan K, Joon DL, Pham T, Foroudi F, Cokelek M, Bolton D, Ng M, Guerrieri M, Chao M. The Use of HA as Rectal Spacer in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Hypofractionated RT: An Australian Experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Stewart S, Chan Y, Playford D, Strange G. Incident pulmonary hypertension in 13,448 cases investigated with repeat echocardiography: insight from the National Echo Database of Australia (NEDA). Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
We addressed the paucity of data describing the characteristics and natural history of incident pulmonary hypertension (PHT).
Methods
In this observational clinical cohort study, we examined 85,173 individuals undergoing routine echocardiography for heart disease without evidence of PHT (according to estimated right ventricular systolic pressure, eRVSP <30 mmHg). Subsequent age and sex-specific incidence of PHT were derived from repeat echocardiograms conducted a median of 3.43 (interquartile range, IQR 1.49 to 6.55) years apart in 13,448 adults. Progressive PHT severity with individual data linkage to all-cause mortality were examined per PHT stage: eRVSP 30–39 mmHg (mild PHT), 40–49 mmHg (moderate PHT) and ≥50 mmHg (severe PHT).
Results
A total of 6,169 men (45.9%, mean age 61.4±16.7 years) and 7,279 women (60.8±16.9 years) with no initial evidence of PHT were identified (first echocardiogram). Subsequently, 5,412 (40.2%,) developed PHT (repeat echocardiogram) – comprising 4,125 (30.7%, 65.0±14.3 years), 928 (6.9%, 69.2±13.5 years), and 359 (2.7%, 69.8±12.7 years) cases of mild, moderate, and severe PHT, respectively. The incidence of all stages of PHT was 15.2 cases per million men/annum and 12.5 cases per million women/annum. Overall, median eRVSP increased by +7.4 (IQR +4.6 to +10.1) and +30.7 (IQR +26.0 to +37.3) mmHg; median E:e' ratio increased by +1.0 (IQR −0.4 to +3.2) and +3.6 (IQR +2.0 to +8.2); and median LA volume increased by +5.0 (IQR +0.0 to +12.0) and +19.5 (IQR +9.0 to +31.0) ml/m2, respectively, in mild and severe PHT groups between first and last echocardiograms. During subsequent median 8.1 years follow-up, 2,776/13,448 (20.6%) individuals died from all-cause. Compared to no PHT, the age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality increased to 1.35 (95% confidence interval, CI 1.23–1.47) in mild PHT, 1.94 (95% CI 1.73–2.18) in moderate PHT, and 2.43 (95% CI 2.09–2.83) in severe PHT (all p<0.001).
Conclusions
New onset of PHT is a common finding among individuals with heart disease followed-up with echocardiography. Even milder stage of PHT is associated with higher mortality, reinforcing the need for proactive evaluation for symptoms consistent with PHT.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Johnson & Johnson: Investigator-initiated grant
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stewart
- The University of Notre Dame Australia , Fremantle , Australia
| | - Y Chan
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research , Melbourne , Australia
| | - D Playford
- The University of Notre Dame Australia , Fremantle , Australia
| | - G Strange
- The University of Notre Dame Australia , Fremantle , Australia
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Stewart S, Afoakwah C, Playford D, Strom JB, Chan Y, Schuffham P, Strange G. Counting the cost of progressive aortic valve stenosis: an international observational clinical cohort study. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
We sought, for the first time, to quantify the societal to healthcare burden associated with the entire spectrum of aortic stenosis (AS) - the most common cardiac valve disorder requiring clinical management.
Methods
In this observational clinical cohort study with individual data linkage to all-cause mortality, we examined the distribution of progressive stenosis in the native aortic valves of 98,565 men and 99,357 women aged ≥65 years within a multicentre cohort across 24 sites internationally. Individuals were grouped according to their peak aortic valve velocity on last electrocardiogram investigation: 1.0–1.99 m/s (no AS/reference groups) and then 0.5 m/s increments up to ≥4.0 m/s (severe AS). Sex-specific premature mortality and years of life-lost (YLL) during 5-year follow-up were calculated, along with willingness-to-pay (WTP) to regain quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and healthcare costs associated with concurrent heart failure (HF).
Results
Overall, 20,701 men (21.0%; 95% CI 20.8–21.3) and 18,576 women (18.7%; 95% CI 18.5–18.9) had AS at baseline. Five-year mortality in men and women with no AS was 38.6% and 36.8%, respectively. In both sexes, mortality rose from 46.8–49.0% to 59.5–65.7% in the least- to most-severe cases of AS. Premature mortality (53.5–59.1% in the no AS group) declined from 42.4–50.9% to 34.8–35.2% of all deaths. Per 1,000 individuals, AS in men and women was associated with 8 and 13 more premature deaths resulting in 36 and 62 more QALYs (societal cost of $AU1.54 and $AU2.68 million respectively) when compared to no AS. The additional 5-year cost of healthcare utilisation for the 25 and 35 more men and women with concurrent HF and AS was estimated to be $AU1.27 and $AU1.91 million, respectively.
Conclusions
The presence of any degree of aortic valve stenosis is associated with higher levels of premature mortality coupled with excess healthcare costs that impose a heavy societal burden. These findings indicate the need for proactive and cost-effective strategies to promptly detect this common condition.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Edwards LifeSciences: Investigator-initiated grant
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stewart
- The University of Notre Dame Australia , Fremantle , Australia
| | - C Afoakwah
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University , Gold Cost , Australia
| | - D Playford
- The University of Notre Dame Australia , Fremantle , Australia
| | - J B Strom
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
| | - Y Chan
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research , Melbourne , Australia
| | - P Schuffham
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University , Gold Cost , Australia
| | - G Strange
- The University of Notre Dame Australia , Fremantle , Australia
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Chan Y, Cheuk KY, Lai KW, Mak KL, Lai TW. Esophageal perforation following cervical spinal surgery with instrumentation: A case report on primary repair with pedicled sternocleidomastoid muscle flap reinforcement and review of the literature. Surgical Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1744-1633.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Chan
- Department of Surgery Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong
| | - K. Y. Cheuk
- Department of Surgery Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong
| | - K. W. Lai
- Department of Surgery Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong
| | - K. L. Mak
- Department of Surgery Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong
| | - T. W. Lai
- Department of Surgery Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong
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Cherukupalli A, Yong M, Chan Y, Desrosiers M, Thamboo A. Identifying barriers to care for complex airway disease and multidisciplinary solutions to optimize therapy in Canada. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 51:15. [PMID: 35428368 PMCID: PMC9012057 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-022-00576-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Complex airway disease such as Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Asthma or Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease requires a multidisciplinary approach to management and treatment. Many centers in the USA have created collaborative multidisciplinary clinics to support the management of these patients; however, similar structures do not appear to exist in Canada. Methods This mixed methods study used a combination of structured interviews and a cross-sectional national survey. Interviewees included members of the Canadian Rhinology Working Group and survey participants were a combination of academic and community Rhinologists, Respirologists and Allergists. All participation was voluntary and selection criteria was based on their involvement in treating complex airway disease. Our objective was to identify the current state of diagnosis and treatment of complex airway patients in Canada between Rhinology, Respirology and Allergy and understand the barriers, challenges and propose solutions to establishing a multidisciplinary airway clinic in Canada. Results Four Rhinologists participated in qualitative interviews and a convenience sample of 42 specialists through our known network responded to our quantitative survey. From our survey, 54.8% believed multidisciplinary clinics were necessary in the management of complex airway disease, providing better outcomes and cost-savings (69%, 45.2%). Most specialties agreed that history, physical, pulmonary function and skin prick testing was important for diagnosis (92.9%, 92.9%, 88.1%). If clinicians were to participate in a multidisciplinary clinic, they would be willing to forego an average of 14.2% of their mean daily income for that clinic. The ideal clinic location was split between a neutral shared location vs. a Rhinology clinic space (38.1%, 45.2%). Conclusions Complex airway diseases are currently managed in subspecialty silos resulting in fragmented care. Our study highlights gaps in management, areas for improvement and support for establishing multidisciplinary complex airway disease clinics in Canada to better treat this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cherukupalli
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Diamond Healthcare Center, University of British Columbia, 4th Floor, 2775 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.
| | - M Yong
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Diamond Healthcare Center, University of British Columbia, 4th Floor, 2775 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Y Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Desrosiers
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A Thamboo
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Diamond Healthcare Center, University of British Columbia, 4th Floor, 2775 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
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Chan Y, Stickland N, Stewart S. An Inevitable or Modifiable Trajectory Towards Heart Failure in High-Risk Individual: Insight From the Nurse-Led Intervention for Less Chronic Heart Failure (NIL-CHF) Study. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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8
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Strange G, Chan Y, Playford D, Stewart S. Pulmonary Hypertension: Incidence and Mortality in 13,448 Patients Investigated With Repeat Echocardiography. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Chan Y, Seckin M, Johnston B, Petrie M, Stewart S. Characteristics of Symptom Change in Men and Women With Different Heart Failure Subtypes. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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10
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Stewart S, Afokwah C, Playford D, Strom J, Chan Y, Schuffham P, Strange G. Calculating the Cost Burden of Progressive Aortic Stenosis: Insight From an International Observational Clinical Cohort Study. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Bradford B, Rio E, Wells J, Khondoker M, Chan Y, Chester R. A comparison of the effects of two, isometric calf muscle exercises on pain in patients with chronic, mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. Physiotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2021.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lin Y, Ong W, Tacey M, Bolton D, Tan A, Chan Y, Cham C, Ho H, Guerrieri M, Foroudi F, Joon D, McMillan K, Koufogiannis G, Manohar P, Liu M, Pham T, Chao M. Impact of Hydrogel and Hyaluronic Acid Rectal Spacer on Rectal Dosimetry and Toxicity in Low-Dose-Rate Prostate Brachytherapy: A Multi-Institutional Analysis of Patient Outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Woo PYM, Rehman SU, Chan Y, Chu ACH, Kwan MCL, Wong AKS, Wong HT, Chan KY. John Ching-Kwong Kwok (1951-2020): The Renaissance Man of Hong Kong Neurosurgery. Asian J Neurosurg 2021; 16:443-444. [PMID: 34268183 PMCID: PMC8244696 DOI: 10.4103/ajns.ajns_23_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Safi Ur Rehman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Yau Ma Tei, Hong Kong
| | - Yung Chan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Yau Ma Tei, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | - Hoi-Tung Wong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Yau Ma Tei, Hong Kong
| | - Kwong-Yau Chan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Yau Ma Tei, Hong Kong
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Abstract
In periodontitis patients, dysbiosis of the oral microbiota is not only found at clinically diseased periodontal sites but also at clinically healthy periodontal sites, buccal mucosae, tongue, and saliva. The present study evaluated the safety and efficacy of an oral microbiota transplant (OMT) for the treatment of periodontitis in dogs. Eighteen systemically healthy beagle dogs with naturally occurring periodontitis were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to a test or control group. A 4-y-old, periodontally healthy female beagle dog served as a universal OMT donor. To reduce periodontal inflammation, all dogs received full-mouth mechanical debridement of teeth and mucosae 2 wk before baseline. At baseline, full-mouth mechanical debridement was repeated and followed by adjunctive subgingival and oral irrigation with 0.1% NaOCl. Subsequently, test dogs were inoculated with an OMT from the healthy donor. No daily oral hygiene was performed after OMT transplantation. Adverse events were assessed throughout the observation period. Clinical examinations were performed and whole-mouth oral microbiota samples were collected at week 2, baseline, week 2, and week 12. The composition of oral microbiota samples was analyzed using high-throughput 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing followed by taxonomic assignment and downstream bioinformatic and statistical analyses. Results demonstrated that the intergroup difference in the primary outcome measure, probing pocket depth at week 12, was statistically insignificant. However, the single adjunctive OMT had an additional effect on the oral microbiota composition compared to the full-mouth mechanical and antimicrobial debridement alone. The OMT resulted in an "ecological shift" toward the composition of the donor microbiota, but this was transient in nature and was not observed at week 12. No local or systemic adverse events were observed throughout the study period. The results indicate that OMT may modulate the microbiota composition in dogs with naturally occurring periodontitis and can be applied safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Beikler
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - K. Bunte
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Y. Chan
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - S. Selbach
- The School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - U. Peters
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - R.M. Watt
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T.F. Flemmig
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Chan Y, Tong BSB, Ngan PY, Au CS. Effectiveness of IL-23 Inhibitor Guselkumab in Real-World Chinese Patients with Psoriasis During a 20-Week Period. Psoriasis (Auckl) 2021; 11:53-58. [PMID: 34104632 PMCID: PMC8179803 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s312109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Interleukin-23 inhibitors are novel treatment options for psoriasis, and their efficacy and safety have been widely demonstrated in phase 3 clinical trials. Nonetheless, their real-world data remain limited, especially in Asia. Objective To evaluate the real-world effectiveness of interleukin-23 inhibitor guselkumab in Chinese patients with psoriasis. Methods In this retrospective single-center study, Chinese patients with psoriasis receiving a standard dose of guselkumab from November 2018 to May 2020 were included in the study cohort. Disease assessment was performed at baseline (Week 0), and at Week 4, 12, and 20 thereafter, using Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score. Results Data of 68 adult patients with psoriasis were retrieved for analysis. At Week 20, 72.1%/47.1% of the patients achieved PASI 90/100 response respectively, and 76.5% achieved a PASI score <3. Baseline mean PASI score was 17.5, which significantly reduced to 2.0 at Week 20 (P=0.000). No previous use of biologics was a single significant factor associated with achieving PASI 90/100 and PASI score <3 responses at Week 20 (all Ps<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences between males and females and body weight >75 and ≤75 kg in achieving these responses (all Ps>0.05). Adverse events were experienced by five patients (7.4%), and all were mild in severity. Conclusion In this first real-world study on guselkumab among Chinese patients with psoriasis, this biologics was shown to be safe and effective in reaching an optimal clinical response up to 20 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Chan
- Apex Dermatology Institute, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Chi Sum Au
- Apex Dermatology Institute, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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16
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Thamboo A, Kilty S, Witterick I, Chan Y, Chin CJ, Janjua A, Javer A, Lee J, Monterio E, Rotenberg B, Scott J, Smith K, Sommer DD, Sowerby L, Tewfik M, Wright E, Desrosiers M. Canadian Rhinology Working Group consensus statement: biologic therapies for chronic rhinosinusitis. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 50:15. [PMID: 33750471 PMCID: PMC7945300 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-021-00493-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that biologic therapy with targeted activity within the Type 2 inflammatory pathway can improve the clinical signs and symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). There remains a population in CRSwNP that despite medical therapy and endoscopic sinus surgery have persistent signs and symptoms of disease. Therefore, biologics, monoclonal antibody agents, could be beneficial therapeutic treatments for these patients. There have been eight randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trails performed for CRSwNP targeted components of the Type 2 inflammatory pathway, notably interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13, IL-5R, IL-33, and immunoglobulin (Ig)E. However, there are no formal recommendations for the optimal use of biologics in managing Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) within the Canadian health care environment. METHODS A Delphi Method process was utilized involving three rounds of questionnaires in which the first two were completed individually online and the third was discussed on a virtual platform with all the panelists. 17 fellowship trained rhinologists across Canada evaluated the 28 original statements on a scale of 1-10 and provided comments. A rating within 1-3 indicated disagreement, 8-10 demonstrated agreement and 4-7 represented being neutral towards a statement. All ratings were quantitively reviewed by mean, median, mode, range and standard deviation. Consensus was defined by removing the highest and lowest of the scores and using the "3 point relaxed system". RESULTS After three rounds, a total of 11 statements achieved consensus. This white paper only contains the final agreed upon statements and clear rationale and support for the statements regarding the use of biologics in patients with CRS. CONCLUSION This white paper provides guidance to Canadian physicians on the use of biologic therapy for the management of patients with CRS, but the medical and surgical regimen should ultimately be individualized to the patient. As more biologics become available and additional trials are published we will provide updated versions of this white paper every few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Thamboo
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 2600-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
| | - S Kilty
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - I Witterick
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Y Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C J Chin
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - A Janjua
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 2600-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - A Javer
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 2600-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - J Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Monterio
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - B Rotenberg
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - J Scott
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - K Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - D D Sommer
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - L Sowerby
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - M Tewfik
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - E Wright
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - M Desrosiers
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l'University de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Woo PM, Rehman S, Chan Y, Chu AH, Kwan ML, Wong AS, Wong HT, Chan KY. John Ching-Kwong Kwok (1951-2020): The renaissance man of Hong Kong neurosurgery. Asian J Neurosurg 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/1793-5482.313376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Woo PYM, Ho JWK, Ko NMW, Li RPT, Jian L, Chu ACH, Kwan MCL, Chan Y, Wong AKS, Wong HT, Chan KY, Kwok JCK. Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, pilot trial to investigate safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:401. [PMID: 33143640 PMCID: PMC7607674 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are limited neuroprotective treatment options for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Cerebrolysin, a brain-specific proposed pleiotropic neuroprotective agent, has been suggested to improve global functional outcomes in ischemic stroke. We investigated the efficacy, safety and feasibility of administering Cerebrolysin for SAH patients. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center, parallel-group pilot study. Fifty patients received either daily Cerebrolysin (30 ml/day) or a placebo (saline) for 14 days (25 patients per study group). The primary endpoint was a favorable Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) of 5 to 8 (moderate disability to good recovery) at six-months. Secondary endpoints included the modified Ranking Scale (mRS), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) score, occurrence of adverse effects and the occurrence of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Results No severe adverse effects or mortality attributable to Cerebrolysin were observed. No significant difference was detected in the proportion of patients with favorable six-month GOSE in either study group (odds ratio (OR): 1.49; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43–5.17). Secondary functional outcome measures for favorable six-month recovery i.e. a mRS of 0 to 3 (OR: 3.45; 95% CI 0.79–15.01) were comparable for both groups. Similarly, there was no difference in MOCA neurocognitive performance (p-value: 0.75) and in the incidence of DCI (OR: 0.85 95% CI: 0.28–2.59). Conclusions Use of Cerebrolysin in addition to standard-of-care management of aneurysmal SAH is safe, well tolerated and feasible. However, the neutral results of this trial suggest that it does not improve the six-month global functional performance of patients. Clinical trial registration Name of Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov Trial Registration Number: NCT01787123. Date of Registration: 8th February 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Y M Woo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Joanna W K Ho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China
| | - Natalie M W Ko
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ronald P T Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China
| | - Leo Jian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alberto C H Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marco C L Kwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yung Chan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alain K S Wong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hoi-Tung Wong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwong-Yau Chan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China
| | - John C K Kwok
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Room CS11-01, 11th Floor, 25 Waterloo Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong, China
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Ho H, Ng M, Guerrieri M, Tan A, Bolton D, Chan Y, Lawrentschuk N, Cham C, McMillan K, Sengupta S, Koufogiannis G, Cokelek M, Spencer S, Liu M, Pham T, Lim Joon D, Foroudi F, Tacey M, Khor R, Ding W, Subramanian B, Chao M. Low Dose Rate Brachytherapy and Long-Term Treatment Outcomes In Patients Less Than 60 Years of Age. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Chan Y, Angel D, Aron M, Hartl T, Moubayed SP, Smith KA, Sommer DD, Sowerby L, Spafford P, Mertz D, Witterick IJ. CSO (Canadian Society of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery) position paper on return to Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery Clinic Practice during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 49:76. [PMID: 33106189 PMCID: PMC7586368 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-020-00466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) has created a worldwide deadly pandemic that has become a major public health challenge. All semi-urgent and elective medical care has come to a halt to conserve capacity to care for patients during this pandemic. As the numbers of COVID-19 cases decrease across Canada, our healthcare system also began to reopen various facilities and medical offices. The aim for this document is to compile the current evidence and provide expert consensus on the safe return to clinic practice in Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery. These recommendations will also summarize general precaution principles and practical tips for office across Canada to optimize patient and provider safety. Risk assessment and patient selection are crucial to minimizing exposure to COVID-19. Controversial topics such as COVID-19 mode of transmission, duration of exposure, personal protective equipment, and aerosol-generating procedures will be analyzed and discussed. Practical solutions of pre-visit office preparation, front office and examination room set-up, and check out procedures are explored. Specific considerations for audiology, pediatric population, and high risk AGMPs are also addressed. Given that the literature surrounding COVID-19 is rapidly evolving, these guidelines will serve to start our specialty back into practice over the next weeks to months and they may change as we learn more about this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - D Angel
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - M Aron
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - T Hartl
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S P Moubayed
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - K A Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - D D Sommer
- Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - L Sowerby
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - P Spafford
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - D Mertz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - I J Witterick
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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21
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Liu DCY, Koo TH, Wong JKK, Wong YH, Fung KSC, Chan Y, Lim HS. Adapting re-usable elastomeric respirators to utilise anaesthesia circuit filters using a 3D-printed adaptor - a potential alternative to address N95 shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic. Anaesthesia 2020; 75:1022-1027. [PMID: 32348561 PMCID: PMC7267584 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID‐19 pandemic has increased the demand for disposable N95 respirators. Re‐usable elastomeric respirators may provide a suitable alternative. Proprietary elastomeric respirator filters may become depleted as demand increases. An alternative may be the virus/bacterial filters used in anaesthesia circuits, if they can be adequately fitted onto the elastomeric respirators. In addition, many re‐usable elastomeric respirators do not filter exhaled breaths. If used for sterile procedures, this would also require modification. We designed a 3D‐printed adaptor that permits elastomeric respirators to interface with anaesthesia circuit filters and created a simple modification to divert exhaled breaths through the filter. We conducted a feasibility study evaluating the performance of our modified elastomeric respirators. A convenience sample of eight volunteers was recruited. Quantitative fit testing, respiratory rate and end‐tidal carbon dioxide were recorded during fit testing exercises and after 1 h of wear. All eight volunteers obtained excellent quantitative fit testing throughout the trial. The mean (SD) end‐tidal carbon dioxide was 4.5 (0.5) kPa and 4.6 (0.4) kPa at baseline and after 1 h of wear (p = 0.148). The mean (SD) respiratory rate was 17 (4) breaths.min−1 and 17 (3) breaths.min−1 at baseline and after 1 h of wear (p = 0.435). Four out of eight subjects self‐reported discomfort; two reported facial pressure, one reported exhalation resistance and one reported transient dizziness on exertion. Re‐usable elastomeric respirators to utilise anaesthesia circuit filters through a 3D‐printed adaptor may be a potential alternative to disposable N95 respirators during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Y Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - T H Koo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - J K K Wong
- Department of Occupational Therapy, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Y H Wong
- Operating Room, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K S C Fung
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Y Chan
- Occupational Safety and Health Team, Hospital Authority Kowloon East Cluster, Hong Kong
| | - H S Lim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
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Haji K, Marwick T, Neil C, Stewart S, Carrington M, Wright L, Chan Y, Simons K, Wong C. P4377Use of LV Deformation Imaging to predict long term Heart Failure Risk in high risk patients. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The increasing prevalence of heart failure (HF), due to hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and ageing population demands identification of at-risk subgroup whom we could target on prevention strategies. In a same cohort of patients at risk of HF (70% with CAD), 13% developed new HF hospitalization or death over 4.3 years of follow-up, however, disease management program did not confer any benefit to outcome and LV ejection fraction (EF) was not predictive of progression to HF. Better risk stratification strategies are needed. In this study, we sought whether advanced echo measure on deformation, global longitudinal strain (GLS) would predict HF admission over a long term follow up and thereby define an at-risk group. Aim: To determine which of the LV morphology, function and deformation parameters, best predict new HF admission or HF death in pts at risk but without prior dx of HF.
Method
Echocardiograms (including measurement of LV, size, function, morphology and deformation) were obtained in 431 inpatients (mean age 65±11, 72% male) at risk of HF. LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) and strain rate (GLSR) were measured offline (EchoPac, GE). Long term (9 years) follow up data were obtained via data linkage.
Results
63 pts (15%) reached the end-point of HF admission or HF death. LV deformation showed a univariable association with outcome (Table). In multivariable analysis, including known significant predictors of outcome (age, sex, BMI, diabetes, hypertension), GLS less than 18 remained an independent predictor (Table), in addition to age and DM at baseline. EF and LV mass were not predictors of heart failure.
HR (95% CI) P value HR (95% CI) P value HR (95% CI) P value Age 1.1 (1–1.1) <0.01 1.1 (1–1.1) 0.04 1 (1–1.1) 0.04 Sex 1.0 (0.6–1.7) 0.9 0.8 (0.4–1.8) 0.6 0.8 (0.4–1.8) 0.6 BMI 1.0 (1–1.1) 0.05 1 (0.9–1.1) 0.7 1 (0.9–1.1) 0.7 DM 2.6 (1.6–4.3) <0.01 2.7 (1.4–5.3) <0.01 2.7 (1.4–5.2) 0.04 LVMI 1.0 (1.0–1.0) <0.01 1 (0.9–1.0) 0.7 1 (0.99–1.0) 0.7 Impaired EF, % 1.0 (0.9–1.0) <0.01 1 (0.9–1.0) 0.16 0.97 (0.94–1.0) 0.04 Diastolic dysfunction 2.3 (1.4–3.7) <0.01 0.8 (0.3–1.7) 0.5 0.7 (0.3–1.7) 0.5 GLS 1.3 (1.4–1.2) <0.01 1.1 (1–1.2) 0.07 GLS <18 5.3 (2.8–10.2) <0.01 2.3 (1.1–5.1) 0.04
Conclusion
GLS <18 is independently associated with increasing new onset heart failure admission and HF mortality in patients at risk of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Haji
- Western Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - T Marwick
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Neil
- Western Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Stewart
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Carrington
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - L Wright
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Y Chan
- Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Simons
- Western Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Wong
- Western Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
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23
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Mak ADP, Wu JCY, Chan Y, Tse YK, Lee S. Associations between Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease, Generalised Anxiety Disorder, Major Depressive Episodes, and Healthcare Utilisation: a Community-based Study. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2019; 29:41-47. [PMID: 31237245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence and comorbidity of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive episodes (MDE) in a general population using DSM-IV, and to evaluate the associations between these conditions and healthcare utilisation. METHODS A random population-based telephone survey was conducted to record frequency of GORD symptoms, symptoms of GAD and MDE based on DSM-IV, and healthcare utilisation. RESULTS Of 2011 respondents, 4.2% had weekly GORD and 13.9% had monthly GORD, whereas 3.8% reported GAD and 12.4% reported MDE. Those with monthly GORD had higher risk of GAD (p = 0.01) and MDE (p < 0.001). GORD symptom frequency was independently correlated with MDE and GAD in a dose-response manner. The number of psychiatric diagnoses was independently correlated with GORD. GORD symptom frequency, GAD, and MDE were correlated with consultation frequency. GORD symptom frequency was corelated with high investigation expenditure. CONCLUSION GORD had a strong dose-response relationship with GAD and MDE in a Hong Kong population. Excessive healthcare utilisation should alert clinicians to the risk of psychiatric comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D P Mak
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - J C Y Wu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y Chan
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y K Tse
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hospital, Hong Kong
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24
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Koh J, Lim W, Neoh J, Hescham S, Blokland A, Chan Y, Temel Y, Lim L, Wu E. Pacemaker in the aged brain: From molecular profiling to memory enhancement. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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25
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Haji K, Marwick T, Neil C, Carrington M, Stewart S, Chan Y, Wong C. Use of Left Ventricular Strain imaging to Predict Long Term Heart Failure Risk in High Risk Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Anton A, Ballok Z, Bowden P, Costello T, Harewood L, Corcoran N, Dundee P, Peters J, Lawrentschuk N, Troy A, Webb D, Chan Y, See A, Siva S, Murphy D, Hofman M, Tran B. Using PSMA PET/CT to assess response in metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) patients (pts) receiving upfront chemohormonal therapy. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy434.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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27
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Gkini MA, Dimitrov D, Tanev T, Chan Y, Taylor R, Bewley A. Are dermatologists who treat patients with delusional infestation at risk of major complaints and being stalked? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:e379-e381. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.-A. Gkini
- Department of Dermatology; Royal London Hospital; Barts Health NHS Trust; London UK
| | - D. Dimitrov
- Department of Dermatology; Royal London Hospital; Barts Health NHS Trust; London UK
| | - T. Tanev
- Department of Dermatology; Royal London Hospital; Barts Health NHS Trust; London UK
| | - Y. Chan
- Department of Dermatology; Royal London Hospital; Barts Health NHS Trust; London UK
| | - R. Taylor
- Department of Liaison Psychiatry; Royal London Hospital; Barts Health NHS Trust; London UK
| | - A.P. Bewley
- Department of Dermatology; Royal London Hospital; Barts Health NHS Trust; London UK
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28
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Haji K, Marwick T, Neil C, Carrington M, Stewart S, Chan Y, Simons K, Wright L, Wong C. P2745Use of left ventricular deformation imaging to predict heart failure risk in cardiac inpatients. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Haji
- Western Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - T Marwick
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Neil
- Western Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Carrington
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Stewart
- Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Y Chan
- Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Simons
- Western Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - L Wright
- Western Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Wong
- Western Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
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29
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Wang AZ, Fan K, Zhou QH, Wang C, Niu Q, Chan Y. A lateral approach to ultrasound-guided sacral plexus block in the supine position. Anaesthesia 2018; 73:1043-1044. [PMID: 30117581 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - K. Fan
- Sixth People's Hospital; Shanghai China
| | | | - C. Wang
- Shanghai Children's Hospital; Shanghai China
| | - Q. Niu
- Shenzhen Hospital; Hong Kong China
| | - Y. Chan
- Shenzhen Hospital; Hong Kong China
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30
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Chan Y, Macleannan S, Wong J, Dixon E, Coffin CS, Swain M, Burak KW. A78 DIRECT-ACTING ANTIVIRALS ARE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY TUMOR RECURRENCE AFTER CURATIVE TREATMENTS IN HEPATITIS C-RELATED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy008.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - J Wong
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - E Dixon
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C S Coffin
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Swain
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - K W Burak
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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31
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Chan Y, Maclennan S, Douglas L, Congly SE, Coffin CS, Dixon E, Wong J, Burak KW. A264 ADHERENCE TO ENHANCED POST-TREATMENT SURVEILLANCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED DETECTION OF EARLY STAGE RECURRENCE AFTER RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION BUT NOT SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy009.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - L Douglas
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S E Congly
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C S Coffin
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - E Dixon
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J Wong
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - K W Burak
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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32
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Cheung CKY, Lan LL, Kyaw M, Mak ADP, Chan A, Chan Y, Wu JCY. Up-regulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) and down-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30. [PMID: 28782273 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of immune activation in Functional Dyspepsia (FD) patients without previous infection is unclear. We compare the gastric and circulating brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), receptor potential vanilloid type (TRPV) families and various cytokines in FD patients. METHODS Consecutive adult FD patients (Rome III) with no recent history of gastroenteritis and asymptomatic healthy controls were recruited for upper endoscopy. Subjects with GERD and IBS as predominant symptoms, diabetes mellitus, current or previous Helicobacter pylori infection, psychiatric illness and recent use of NSAID or PPI were excluded. Corpus biopsies and serum samples were collected. KEY RESULTS Forty three [M:F=8:35, mean age: 35.0 (9.3)] FD patients were compared with 23 healthy controls [M:F=8:15, mean age: 36.6 (10.2)]. FD patients had postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) as predominant sub-type (PDS: 36, EPS: 2). There was no significant difference in the median inflammation score (FD:0 (0-1) vs Control:0 (0-1), P=.79). However, FD patients had significantly higher mRNA expression of TRPV1 (FD:0.014±0.007, Control:0.003±0.001, 4.6 fold, P=.02) and TRPV2 (FD:0.012±0.006, Control:0.003±0.001, 4 fold, P=.02) compared to controls. The serum (FD:258.0±12.3 ng ml-1 , Control:319.7±18.1 ng ml-1 , P<.01) and gastric BDNF mRNA (FD:0.06±0.008, Control:0.092±0.01, 0.65 fold, P=.02)levels significantly lower in FD patients. Secretion of cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, G-CSF, TGF-β2, MCP-1)was also highly correlated with dyspeptic symptoms in patients with FD. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Despite lacking gastric mucosal inflammation, up-regulation of TRPV1 and TRPV2, down-regulation of BDNF were observed in FD patients. These suggest that immune alteration may contribute to the pathogenesis of FD without any previous infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Y Cheung
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - L L Lan
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - M Kyaw
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - A D P Mak
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - A Chan
- Department of Anatomical, Cellular and Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y Chan
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - J C Y Wu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Lu Z, Ang Y, Simpson I, Chan Y. Urothelial carcinomas arising from ovarian mature cystic teratomas: A case report and systematic review. Pathology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kunjunju AM, Gopagondanahalli KR, Chan Y, Sehgal A. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension: clues from placental pathology. J Perinatol 2017; 37:1310-1314. [PMID: 28880261 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2017.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and the associated complication of pulmonary hypertension (PH) leads to increased mortality and a longer length of stay among survivors. Placental histopathology may give early clues of subsequent events. The objective was to evaluate the relationship of maternal vascular underperfusion (MVU) changes on placental histopathology with subsequent development of BPD-associated PH in a cohort of extremely premature infants. STUDY DESIGN In a cohort of preterm infants '⩽28 weeks' gestational age (GA) and with 'severe' BPD, this retrospective study evaluated specific placental histopathological changes and assessed the relationship with subsequent development of PH. 'Severe' BPD was defined as the need for ⩾30% oxygen and/or positive pressure ventilation at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. Placental and echocardiographic assessments were done by investigators masked to the grouping and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Fifty six infants with severe BPD formed the cohort; PH was noted in 22 (39.3%) infants. The GA of the infants with and without PH was comparable (25.8±1.6 vs 25.8±1.3 weeks, P=0.9). On placental histopathological examination, 13 (23%) had features of MVU. On univariate logistic regression, the presence of changes consistent with MVU increased the relative risk of subsequent BPD-associated PH by 2.75 (95% confidence interval 1.56 to 4.85, P=0.004). The significance persisted after adjustment for GA. Stratification by the presence or absence of fetal growth restriction, yielded nonsignificant associations (P=0.17). CONCLUSION Based on the results of the present study, specific placental histopathological changes may give early clues to the subsequent development of BPD-associated PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Kunjunju
- Monash Newborn, Monash University Neonatologist, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - K R Gopagondanahalli
- Monash Newborn, Monash University Neonatologist, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Y Chan
- Department of Pathology, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A Sehgal
- Monash Newborn, Monash University Neonatologist, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Spencer S, Chao M, Guerrieri M, Ding W, Goharian M, Ho H, Ng M, Healey D, Tan A, Cham C, Bolton D, Lawrentschuk N, Sengupta S, Chan Y, Troy A. Analysis of LDR Outcomes in Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer Incorporating a Significant TURP Cohort: A Community Experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ho H, Chao M, Spencer S, Ding W, Subramanian B, Chan Y, Pham T, Tan A, Joon DL, Lawrentschuk N, Sengupta S, Bolton D, Foroudi F, Khoo V, Smith J. A Pilot Study: The Role of Radio-Opaque Hydrogel Tissue Marker in the Treatment of Postprostatectomy Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhao M, Li H, Shi X, Chan Y, Luo X, Li T. Automated recognition of zygote cytoplasmic area (ZCA) in time-lapse imaging (TLI) based on deep convolutional neural network (CNN). Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chen L, Busija L, Harris J, David A, Booley S, Chan Y, Norekval T, Stewart S. P1077High-risk cluster of multimorbidity in elderly patients hospitalised with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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You M, Chan Y, Lacap-Bugler DC, Huo YB, Gao W, Leung WK, Watt RM. Oral treponeme major surface protein: Sequence diversity and distributions within periodontal niches. Mol Oral Microbiol 2017; 32:455-474. [PMID: 28453906 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Treponema denticola and other species (phylotypes) of oral spirochetes are widely considered to play important etiological roles in periodontitis and other oral infections. The major surface protein (Msp) of T. denticola is directly implicated in several pathological mechanisms. Here, we have analyzed msp sequence diversity across 68 strains of oral phylogroup 1 and 2 treponemes; including reference strains of T. denticola, Treponema putidum, Treponema medium, 'Treponema vincentii', and 'Treponema sinensis'. All encoded Msp proteins contained highly conserved, taxon-specific signal peptides, and shared a predicted 'three-domain' structure. A clone-based strategy employing 'msp-specific' polymerase chain reaction primers was used to analyze msp gene sequence diversity present in subgingival plaque samples collected from a group of individuals with chronic periodontitis (n=10), vs periodontitis-free controls (n=10). We obtained 626 clinical msp gene sequences, which were assigned to 21 distinct 'clinical msp genotypes' (95% sequence identity cut-off). The most frequently detected clinical msp genotype corresponded to T. denticola ATCC 35405T , but this was not correlated to disease status. UniFrac and libshuff analysis revealed that individuals with periodontitis and periodontitis-free controls harbored significantly different communities of treponeme clinical msp genotypes (P<.001). Patients with periodontitis had higher levels of clinical msp genotype diversity than periodontitis-free controls (Mann-Whitney U-test, P<.05). The relative proportions of 'T. vincentii' clinical msp genotypes were significantly higher in the control group than in the periodontitis group (P=.018). In conclusion, our data clearly show that both healthy and diseased individuals commonly harbor a wide diversity of Treponema clinical msp genotypes within their subgingival niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M You
- Department of Oral Radiology and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Chan
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - D C Lacap-Bugler
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Y-B Huo
- Zhujiang New Town Dental Clinic, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - W Gao
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W K Leung
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - R M Watt
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Acharya A, Chan Y, Kheur S, Kheur M, Gopalakrishnan D, Watt RM, Mattheos N. Salivary microbiome of an urban Indian cohort and patterns linked to subclinical inflammation. Oral Dis 2017; 23:926-940. [PMID: 28383789 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To profile salivary microbiomes of an urban-living, healthy Indian cohort and explore associations with proinflammatory status. METHODS Fifty-one clinically healthy Indian subjects' salivary microbiomes were analyzed using 16S rRNA Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Community distribution was compared with salivary data from the Human Microbiome Project (HMP). Indian subjects were clustered using microbiome-based "partitioning along medoids" (PAM), and relationships of interleukin-1 beta levels with community composition were analyzed. RESULTS Indian subjects presented higher phylogenetic diversity than HMP. Several taxa associated with traditional societies gut microbiomes (Bacteroidales, Paraprevotellaceae, and Spirochaetaceae) were raised. Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae were approximately fourfold greater. A PAM cluster enriched in several Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacilli taxa and having almost twofold higher Prevotella to Bacteroides ratio showed significant overrepresentation of subjects within the highest quartile of salivary interleukin-1 beta levels. Abiotrophia, Anaerobacillus, Micrococcus, Aggregatibacter, Halomonas, Propionivivrio, Paracoccus, Mannhemia, unclassified Bradyrhizobiaceae, and Caulobacteraceae were each significant indicators of presence in the highest interleukin-1 beta quartile. 2 OTUs representing Lactobacillus fermentum and Cardiobacterium hominis significantly correlated with interleukin-1 beta levels. CONCLUSION The salivary microbiome of this urban-dwelling Indian cohort differed significantly from that of a well-studied Western cohort. Specific community patterns were putatively associated with subclinical inflammation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Acharya
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Dr. D Y Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune, India
| | - Y Chan
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S Kheur
- Dr. D Y Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune, India
| | - M Kheur
- M.A Rangoonwalla Dental College and Hospital, Pune, India
| | | | - R M Watt
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - N Mattheos
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Chasland L, Knuiman M, Divitini M, Chan Y, Handelsman D, Naylor L, Yeap B, Green D. Physical Activity Level and Androgen Concentrations Are Independently and Additively Associated with Lower Cardiometabolic Risk in Men. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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42
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Yan X, Chan Y, Yuen V, Xia H. Abstract PR003. Anesth Analg 2016. [DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000492414.81164.a9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Goh CL, Noppakun N, Micali G, Azizan NZ, Boonchai W, Chan Y, Cheong WK, Chiu PC, Etnawati K, Gulmatico-Flores Z, Foong H, Kubba R, Paz-Lao P, Lee YY, Loo S, Modi F, Nguyen TH, Pham TL, Shih YH, Sitohang IB, Wong SN. Meeting the Challenges of Acne Treatment in Asian Patients: A Review of the Role of Dermocosmetics as Adjunctive Therapy. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2016; 9:85-92. [PMID: 27398008 PMCID: PMC4924420 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2077.184043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional acne treatment presents several challenges such as intolerable side effects and antibiotic resistance. Dermocosmetic products may be used to reduce these unwanted effects. Dermocosmetics include skin cleansers, topical sebum-controllers, skin antimicrobial/anti-inflammatory agents, moisturizers, sunscreens, and camouflage products. Appropriate use of these products may help augment the benefit of acne treatment, minimize side effects, and reduce the need for topical antibiotics. In Asia, there is currently limited scientific data on the application and recommendations for dermocosmetic use in acne vulgaris (AV). This article reviews the evidence on dermocosmetics for AV and provides practice recommendations as discussed during the 4th Asia-Pacific Acne Leaders' Summit held in Bangkok, Thailand, on 7 and 8 February 2015. Through a premeeting survey, a series of plenary lectures, a stepwise program of discussion sessions, and Medline article review, the Expert Panel set forth relevant recommendations on the role of dermocosmetics as adjunct for treating AV in Asian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Leok Goh
- Department of Dermatology, National Skin Centre, Singapore
| | - Nopadon Noppakun
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Noor Zalmy Azizan
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Waranya Boonchai
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yung Chan
- Cutis Medical Group, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Pin Chi Chiu
- International Aesthetic Medical Center, Chinese Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Kristiana Etnawati
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Henry Foong
- Foong Skin Specialist Clinic, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | | | - Purita Paz-Lao
- Derma Clinic, Makati Medical Center, Makati City, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Steven Loo
- Dermatology and Venereology, Hong Kong Adventist Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Farida Modi
- Dermacare Skin Clinic and Cosmetic Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Thi Lan Pham
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yi Hsien Shih
- Department of Dermatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Irma Bernadette Sitohang
- Cosmetic Dermatology Division, Department of Dermatovenereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Su Ni Wong
- Dr SN Wong Skin, Hair, Nails and Laser Specialist Clinic, Mt Elizabeth Medical Centre, Singapore
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Wang Y, Bowden S, Shaw T, Civitico G, Chan Y, Qiao M, Locarnini S. Inhibition of Duck Hepatitis B Virus Replication in vivo by the Nucleoside Analogue Ganciclovir (9-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethoxymethyl] Guanine). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029100200206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of ducks congenitally infected with the duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) using the guanosine analogue ganciclovir resulted in prompt and profound inhibition of viral DNA replication in serum and liver. By the end of the treatment period all the replicative intermediates, except the supercoiled DNA form, could not be detected. Within 2 weeks of cessation of treatment viral replication returned and, in some cases, rebound occurred. Sequential treatment with prednisolone followed by ganciclovir also resulted in inhibition of viral replication and, even though relapse was observed after therapy was discontinued, the rebound phenomenon was reduced. Ganciclovir significantly and selectively inhibited DHBV DNA replication but may be more efficacious if used in combination with compounds targeted to the viral supercoiled DNA form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Teaching Hospital, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100034, China
| | - S. Bowden
- Hepatitis Research Unit, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield Hospital, Yarra Bend Road, Fairfield, Victoria 3078, Australia
| | - T. Shaw
- Hepatitis Research Unit, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield Hospital, Yarra Bend Road, Fairfield, Victoria 3078, Australia
| | - G. Civitico
- Hepatitis Research Unit, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield Hospital, Yarra Bend Road, Fairfield, Victoria 3078, Australia
| | - Y. Chan
- Department of Virology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong
| | - M. Qiao
- Hepatitis Research Unit, Virology Department, IMVS, Frome Road, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - S. Locarnini
- Hepatitis Research Unit, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield Hospital, Yarra Bend Road, Fairfield, Victoria 3078, Australia
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Laptenok SP, Conyard J, Page PCB, Chan Y, You M, Jaffrey SR, Meech SR. Photoacid Behaviour in a Fluorinated Green Fluorescent Protein Chromophore: Ultrafast Formation of Anion and Zwitterion States. †. Chem Sci 2016; 7:5747-5752. [PMID: 28066538 PMCID: PMC5207226 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02031c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The photophysics of the chromophore of the green fluorescent protein in Aequorea victoria (avGFP) are dominated by an excited state proton transfer reaction. In contrast the photophysics of the same chromophore in solution are dominated by radiationless decay, and photoacid behaviour is not observed. Here we show that modification of the pKa of the chromophore by fluorination leads to an excited state proton transfer on an extremely fast (50 fs) time scale. Such a fast rate suggests a barrierless proton transfer and the existence of a pre-formed acceptor site in the aqueous solution, which is supported by solvent and deuterium isotope effects. In addition, at lower pH, photochemical formation of the elusive zwitterion of the GFP chromophore is observed by means of an equally fast excited state proton transfer from the cation. The significance of these results for understanding and modifying the properties of fluorescent proteins are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. P. Laptenok
- School of Chemistry
, University of East Anglia
,
Norwich NR4 7TJ
, UK
.
| | - J. Conyard
- School of Chemistry
, University of East Anglia
,
Norwich NR4 7TJ
, UK
.
| | - P. C. Bulman Page
- School of Chemistry
, University of East Anglia
,
Norwich NR4 7TJ
, UK
.
| | - Y. Chan
- School of Chemistry
, University of East Anglia
,
Norwich NR4 7TJ
, UK
.
| | - M. You
- Department of Pharmacology Weill Medical College
, Cornell University
,
1300 York Avenue, Box 70
, New York
, NY 10065
, USA
| | - S. R. Jaffrey
- Department of Pharmacology Weill Medical College
, Cornell University
,
1300 York Avenue, Box 70
, New York
, NY 10065
, USA
| | - S. R. Meech
- School of Chemistry
, University of East Anglia
,
Norwich NR4 7TJ
, UK
.
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Chan Y, Ball J, Teng T, Tuttle C, Ahamed Y, Carrington M, Scuffham P, Stewart S. Increasing clinical and economic burden of heart failure among older Australians. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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48
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Chan Y, Ball J, Teng T, Tuttle C, Ahamed Y, Carrington M, Stewart S. Estimating the current and future incidence and prevalence of heart failure in the Australian adult population. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chiu PW, Mak HKF, Chan Y, Chan T, Ho KM. Hippocampal MR spectroscopic abnormalities in a cohort of syphilitic patients with HIV and neurosyphilis infection. Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2014; 5:83-94. [PMID: 25625030 PMCID: PMC4299779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and neurosyphilis (NS) has become a rising trend, but the extent of brain damage associated with the concomitant infections remains unknown. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) can evaluate metabolic changes underlying early brain infections. 25 syphilitic patients (7 HIV-positive with NS; 6 HIV-positive without NS; 5 HIV-negative with NS; 7 non-HIV, non-NS) and 17 healthy controls (HC) underwent single-voxel (1)H-MRS in the bilateral hippocampi. Absolute concentrations of major metabolites were measured using a 3T MRI scanner. No significant structural abnormality was detected in all patients. However, metabolic changes were found in the left hippocampus of both the HIV-positive and NS subgroups, showing significantly higher choline (Cho), creatine (Cr) and myo-inositol (mI) compared to HC. In the right hippocampus, HIV-positive subgroup showed significantly higher Cr and reduced NAA, while NS subgroup only showed significantly reduced NAA compared to HC. The non-HIV, non-NS syphilitic subgroup showed no significant difference compared to HC. Substantial metabolic changes occurred in bilateral hippocampi in HIV and NS co-infections. NAA reduction might represent early neuronal damage, while mI/Cho elevation reflects gliosis/inflammatory changes. (1)H-MRS could serve as a non-invasive tool to triage patients suspected of NS for lumbar puncture in non-HIV syphilitic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Wai Chiu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Henry Ka-Fung Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yung Chan
- Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Department of HealthHong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Tao Chan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - King-Man Ho
- Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Department of HealthHong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Ramsey H, Chan Y, Obaidee S, Bowen E, Elkin S. P69 A Study Of The Effect Of The 2013 'be Clear On Lung Cancer' Campaign On 2 Week Wait Referrals To An Inner North West London Cancer Centre. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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