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Zhao YM, Duan YC, Zhu JL, Ding HY, Shan Y, Zhu ZP. [Correlation between the expression of STOX1 in placenta of patients with early onset preeclampsia]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:1664-1668. [PMID: 31189268 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.21.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship of STOX1expression and pathogenesis of early onset preeclampsia. Methods: 65 cases of preeclampsia women who delivered in Shanghai Pudong Hospital from October 2015 to June 2018, were recruited, which included 31 cases with early onset preeclampsia (early onset group, gestational week<34 weeks) and 34 patients with late onset preeclampsia (late onset group, gestational week ≥34 weeks). 34 cases women who received caesarean section because of pelvic structural deformities, breech presentation, macrosomia and social factors were included as the control group(gestational week ≥34 weeks) were selected as control group.The expression and localization of STOX1 mRNA and protein in placenta of three groups of maternal were evaluated by immunohistochemistry SP, RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Results: (1) The expression of STOX1 in placenta mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of placental syncytiotrophoblasts, cytotrophoblasts, vascular endothelial and mesenchymal cells, a few in the cell nucleus.The staining intensity of STOX1 in early onset group was significantly stronger than that in late onset group, the staining intensity of the late onset group was similar to that of the control group. The positive expression rates of STOX1protein in early onset group, late onset group and control group were 96.8%(30/31), 70.6%(24/34), 67.6%(23/34) respectively, which was higher in early onset group than that in late onset group(P=0.005). There was no statistical difference of STOX1 level between the late onset group and the control group(P=0.793). (2)Relative expression of STOX1 mRNA in early onset group, late onset group and control group were 0.054 3±0.003 5,0.037 5±0.000 7,0.035 2±0.000 4 respectively, which was significantly higher in early onset group than that in late onset group(P<0.05), while there was no statistical difference between the late onset group and the control group(P>0.05).(3)Relative expression level of STOX1 protein in early onset group, late onset group and control group were 0.78±0.04,0.59±0.020 and 0.54±0.018 respectively, which is higher in early onset group than that in late onset group(P<0.05). There was no statistical difference of STOX1 level between the late onset group and the control group(P>0.05). Conclusions: The pathogenesis of early onset and late onset preeclampsia may be different. Up-regulated expression of STOX1 in placenta may be associated with the pathogenesis of early onset preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
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Zhao YM, Ding HY, Hu H, Duan YC, Zhu JL, Shan Y, Xu YQ, Sun HM, Zang H, Zhu ZP. [Expression and significance of STOX1 in villi and placenta at different stages of normal gestation]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:1003-1007. [PMID: 30955313 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.13.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of STOX1 in different stages of gestation villi and placenta. Methods: Totally 137 cases of normal villi and placenta of pregnant women were collected from the Department of Obstetrics of Shanghai Pudong Hospital from October 1(st) 2015 to February 28(th) 2018, including 64 cases of early pregnancy (early pregnancy group) which consists of 32 cases of 5-7(+6) weeks gestation (early pregnancy group A) and 32 cases of 8-11(+3) weeks gestation (early pregnancy group B), 28 cases of 14-26 weeks gestation(middle pregnancy group) and 45 cases of 37-41 weeks gestation (late pregnancy group). The expression and localization of STOX1 mRNA and protein in placenta were evaluated by RT-qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results: (1)STOX1 was positively expressed in the cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts as well as interstitial and vascular endothelial cells of all groups. (2)STOX1 mRNA expression in each group was significantly different (P<0.05), the lowest was in the early pregnancy group A(0.007 8±0.000 4), which increased along with the progression of gestational age(P<0.05),and reached the highest level in the third trimester(0.064 4±0.001 3). (3)The protein level of STOX1 in different stages of normal pregnancy was 0.53±0.20 in early pregnancy group A;0.62±0.37 in early pregnancy group B;0.70±0.03 in middle pregnancy group and 0.81±0.04 in late pregnancy group respectively; which was positively related with the progression of gestational age (P<0.05). Conclusion: The expressions of STOX1 is gradually increasing along with the normal pregnancy progression, suggesting that it might be involved in proliferation, differentiation and infiltration and (or) apoptosis of trophoblast cells and the development of the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
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Zhu ZP, Zhang M, Xu YY, Xu WJ, Liu L, Wu SS, Guo L, Li X. [Cross-sectional surveys on the use of recreational drug nitrous-acid-ester rush-poppers in men who have sex with men, Nanjing]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 38:189-193. [PMID: 28231664 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the situation of recreational drug nitrous acid ester inhaler-rush poppers use in men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods: From April to June in 2014, October to December in 2014, April to June in 2015, three round cross-sectional surveys were conducted in MSM recruited in Nanjing by means of serum test and questionnaire survey. Results: Of the 1 721 MSM surveyed in three round, 19.3% (332/1 721) had ever used rush poppers, the proportions of MSM who used rush poppers in three round surveys showed an increasing trend (liner by liner χ(2)= 14.879, P=0.000), which was 12.6% (86/681), 27.6% (121/439) and 20.8% (125/601) respectively. Rush poppers use was associated with HIV infection significantly (OR=1.676, 95%CI: 1.201-2.339, P=0.002). Compared with MSM without rush poppers use, the MSM with rush poppers use were mainly aged <30 years, unmarried, received college and higher education, had lived in Nanjing for less than 2 years, seek sex partners through internet and identified themselves as homosexual orientation. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that less than 30 years old, living in Nanjing for less than 2 years, with college and higher education level, more than 2 sex partners in the past 6 months, being diagnosed with STDs in the previous one year and using traditional drugs were the risk factors associated with rush poppers use. Conclusion: Rush poppers use was related with HIV infection in MSM in Nanjing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z P Zhu
- Department of AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - M Zhang
- Department of AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Y Y Xu
- Department of AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - W J Xu
- Department of Microbiological Examination, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - S S Wu
- Department of AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - L Guo
- Department of AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - X Li
- Department of AIDS and STDs Control and Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, China
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Cui Y, Zhu ZP, Sun Y, Wang YS. [Sphenoid sinus inverted papilloma: a case report]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 51:857-858. [PMID: 27938616 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Cui
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Z P Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Y S Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Cui HJ, Yu HM, Zheng JF, Wang ZJ, Zhu YY, Jia SP, Jia J, Zhu ZP. N-Doped graphene frameworks with superhigh surface area: excellent electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction. Nanoscale 2016; 8:2795-803. [PMID: 26763656 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06319a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
N-Doped carbon materials are promising candidates as alternative catalysts to noble metals in promoting the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells. However, methods to further reduce the ORR overpotential and improve related kinetics remain to be developed. This study reports that N-doped graphene frameworks (NGFs) synthesized from the rapid pyrolysis of solid glycine particles in the presence of sodium carbonate, display an extremely large specific surface area (1760 m(2) g(-1)) and a graphitic-N-dominant C-N configuration. The NGFs can efficiently catalyze the electrochemical reduction of molecular oxygen into water following a 4e pathway, with a low overpotential (0.98 V of onset potential vs. RHE), very high kinetic limiting current density (16.06 mA cm(-2)), and turnover frequency (121 s(-1)), much better than the commercial Pt/C catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - H M Yu
- Fuel Cell System and Engineering Laboratory, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - J F Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Z J Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Y Y Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - S P Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - J Jia
- Fuel Cell System and Engineering Laboratory, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Z P Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
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Huang Q, Su YB, Li DF, Liu L, Huang CF, Zhu ZP, Lai CH. Effects of inclusion levels of wheat bran and body weight on ileal and fecal digestibility in growing pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:847-54. [PMID: 25925062 PMCID: PMC4412981 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of graded inclusions of wheat bran (0%, 9.65%, 48.25% wheat bran) and two growth stages (from 32.5 to 47.2 kg and 59.4 to 78.7 kg, respectively) on the apparent ileal digestibility (AID), apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and hindgut fermentation of nutrients and energy in growing pigs. Six light pigs (initial body weight [BW] 32.5±2.1 kg) and six heavy pigs (initial BW 59.4±3.2 kg) were surgically prepared with a T-cannula in the distal ileum. A difference method was used to calculate the nutrient and energy digestibility of wheat bran by means of comparison with a basal diet consisting of corn-soybean meal (0% wheat bran). Two additional diets were formulated by replacing 9.65% and 48.25% wheat bran by the basal diet, respectively. Each group of pigs was allotted to a 6×3 Youden square design, and pigs were fed to three experimental diets during three 11-d periods. Hindgut fermentation values were calculated as the differences between ATTD and AID values. For the wheat bran diets, the AID and ATTD of dry matter (DM), ash, organic matter (OM), carbohydrates (CHO), gross energy (GE), and digestible energy (DE) decreased with increasing inclusion levels of wheat bran (p<0.05). While only AID of CHO and ATTD of DM, ash, OM, CHO, GE, and DE content differed (p<0.05) when considering the BW effect. For the wheat bran ingredient, there was a wider variation effect (p<0.01) on the nutrient and energy digestibility of wheat bran in 9.65% inclusion level due to the coefficient of variation (CV) of the nutrient and energy digestibility being higher at 9.65% compared to 48.25% inclusion level of wheat bran. Digestible energy content of wheat bran at 48.25% inclusion level (4.8 and 6.7 MJ/kg of DM, respectively) fermented by hindgut was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that in 9.65% wheat bran inclusion level (2.56 and 2.12 MJ/kg of DM, respectively), which was also affected (p<0.05) by two growth stages. This increase in hindgut fermentation caused the difference in ileal DE (p<0.05) to disappear at total tract level. All in all, increasing wheat bran levels in diets negatively influences the digestibility of some nutrients in pigs, while it positively affects the DE fermentation in the hindgut.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Z. P. Zhu
- The New Hope Liu He Co., Ltd, 610063, Chengdu, China
| | - C. H. Lai
- Corresponding Author: C. H. Lai. Tel: +86-10-6273-2734, Fax: +86-10-6273-3688, E-mail:
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Shi CX, Liu ZY, Shi M, Li P, Zeng ZK, Liu L, Huang CF, Zhu ZP, Li DF. Prediction of digestible and metabolizable energy content of rice bran fed to growing pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:654-61. [PMID: 25656179 PMCID: PMC4412995 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to determine the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) content of 19 rice bran samples and to develop prediction equations for DE and ME based on their chemical composition. The 19 rice bran samples came from different rice varieties, processing methods and regions. The basal diet was formulated using corn and soybean meal (74.43% corn and 22.91% soybean meal and 2.66% vitamins and minerals). The 19 experimental diets based on a mixture of corn, soybean meal and 29.2% of each source of rice bran, respectively. In Exp. 1, 108 growing barrows (32.1±4.2 kg) were allotted to 1 of 18 treatments according to a completely randomized design with 6 pigs per treatment. The treatment 1 was the control group which was fed with basal diet. The treatments 2 to 18 were fed with experimental diets. In Exp. 2, two additional rice bran samples were measured to verify the prediction equations developed in Exp. 1. A control diet and two rice bran diets were fed to 18 growing barrows (34.6±3.5 kg). The control and experimental diets formulations were the same as diets in Exp. 1. The results showed that the DE ranged from 14.48 to 16.85 (mean 15.84) MJ/kg of dry matter while the ME ranged from 12.49 to 15.84 (mean 14.31) MJ/kg of dry matter. The predicted values of DE and ME of the two additional samples in Exp. 2 were very close to the measured values.
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Affiliation(s)
- C X Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Z Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - M Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - P Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Z K Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - L Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - C F Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Z P Zhu
- The New Hope Liuhe Co. Ltd. Chengdu 610063, China
| | - D F Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Cui HJ, Zhu YY, Zheng JF, Jia SP, Wang ZJ, Zhu ZP. Anti-stacking dense conversion of solid organic sodium salt particles into graphene with excellent electrode performance. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07957h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene frameworks can be densely synthesized from a rapid decomposition of common solid organic sodium salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. J. Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Y. Y. Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - J. F. Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - S. P. Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Z. J. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Z. P. Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan
- China
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Xue PC, Dong B, Zang JJ, Zhu ZP, Gong LM. Energy and standardized ileal amino Acid digestibilities of chinese distillers dried grains, produced from different regions and grains fed to growing pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 25:104-13. [PMID: 25049485 PMCID: PMC4092930 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to determine the digestibility of crude protein (CP), amino acids and energy in three Chinese corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), one rice DDGS, one American corn DDGS and one American high protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG). In Exp. 1, the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and amino acids in the six samples were determined using cannulated barrows (initial BW: 43.3±1.7 kg). In Exp. 2, the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) content of these six samples were determined using crossbred barrows (initial BW: 46.0±2.5 kg). The results of the two experiments indicated that Chinese corn DDGS is generally similar to American DDGS in chemical composition, digestibility of amino acids, DE and ME. However, Chinese DDGS had a lower Lys concentration (0.50% vs. 0.74%) and SID Lys (52.3% vs. 57.0%, p<0.01). The DE and ME values in Chinese corn DDGS were 3,427 and 3,306 kcal/kg, respectively. Rice DDGS had a similar DE and ME (3,363 and 3,228 kcal/kg) but higher Lys concentration (0.64% vs. 0.50%) to corn DDGS, while the SID of Lys was quite low (61.8%, p<0.01). HP-DDG had high value of SID of Lys, DE and ME (79.8%, 3,899 and 3,746 kcal/kg). In conclusion, except for a lower Lys concentrations and availability, the chemical composition, digestibility of amino acids, DE and ME values in Chinese corn DDGS are similar to American corn DDGS. Additionally, the rice DDGS had lower Lys content and digestible Lys values than that in corn DDGS. Thirdly, HP-DDG has higher levels of digestible amino acids and energy than DDGS.
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Abstract
Bicoid is one of the important Drosophila maternal genes involved in the control of embryo polarity and larvae segmentation. To clone and characterize the rice bicoid-related genes, one cDNA clone, Rb24 (EMBL accession number: AJ2771380), was isolated by screening of rice unmature seed cDNA library. Sequence analysis indicates that Rb24 contains a putative amino acid sequence, which is homologous to unique 8 amino acids sequence within Drosophila bicoid homeodomain (50% identity, 75% similarity) and involves a lys-9 in putative helix 3. Northern blot analysis of rice RNA has shown that this sequence is expressed in a tissue-specific manner. The transcript was detected strongly in young panicles, but less in young leaves and roots. This results are further confirmed with paraffin section in situ hybridization. The signal is intensive in rice globular embryo and located at the apical tip of the embryo, then, along with the development of embryo, the signal is getting reduced and transfers into both sides of embryo. The existence of bicoid-related sequence in rice embryo and the similarity of polar distribution of bicoid and Rb24 mRNA in early embryo development may implicates a conserved maternal regulation mechanism of body axis presents in Drosophila and in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Zhu ZP, Hylton CM, Rossner U, Smith AM. Characterization of starch-debranching enzymes in pea embryos. Plant Physiol 1998; 118:581-90. [PMID: 9765544 PMCID: PMC34834 DOI: 10.1104/pp.118.2.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/1998] [Accepted: 06/26/1998] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Two distinct types of debranching enzymes have been identified in developing pea (Pisum sativum L.) embryos using native gel analysis and tests of substrate preference on purified or partially purified activities. An isoamylase-like activity capable of hydrolyzing amylopectin and glycogen but not pullulan is present throughout development and is largely or entirely confined to the plastid. Activities capable of hydrolyzing pullulan are present both inside and outside of the plastid, and extraplastidial activity increases relative to the plastidial activity during development. Both types of debranching enzyme are also present in germinating embryos. We argue that debranching enzymes are likely to have a role in starch metabolism in the plastid of the developing embryo and in starch degradation during germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZP Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology, 300 Fonglin Road, Shanghai, China 200032 (Z.-P.Z.)
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Abstract
In present paper, one of the T-DNA insertional embryonic lethal mutant of Arabidopsis is identified and designated as acd mutant. The embryo development of this mutant is arrested in globular stage. The cell division pattern is abnormal during early embryogenesis and results in disturbed cellular differentiation. Most of mutant embryos are finally degenerated and aborted in globular stage. However, a few of them still can germinate in agar plate and produce seedlings with shorter hypocotyl and distorted shoot meristem. To understand the molecular basis of the phenotype of this mutant, the joint fragment of T-DNA/plant DNA is isolated by plasmid rescue and Dig-labeled as probe for cDNA library screening. According to the sequence analysis and similarity searching, a 936 bp cDNA sequence (EMBL accession #: Y12555) from selected positive clone shows a 99.8% (923/925bp) sequence homology with Alanyl-tRNA Synthetase (AlaRS) gene of Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, the data of in situ hybridization experiment indicate that the expression of AlaRS gene is weak in early embryogenesis and declines along with globular embryo 'development' in this mutant. Accordingly, the reduced expression of AlaRS gene may be closely related to the morphological changes in early embryogenesis of this lethal mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Ge
- Department of Plant Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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Zhu ZP, Zhang MF, Shen YQ, Chen GJ. [Pharmacological study on spleen-stomach warming and analgesic action of Cinnamomum cassia Presl]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1993; 18:553-7, 514-5. [PMID: 8011112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study deals with the antiulcer effect of water extract and ether extract of Cinnamomum cassia on four types of experimental gastric ulcer and with the antidiarrhea effect on two types of medicine-induced diarrhea in mice. These extracts have choleretic effect in anesthetized rats, and are analgesic as well. This is the pharmacologic basis of spleen-stomach warming and analgesic action of Cinnamomum cassia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z P Zhu
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, Xi'an
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Zhu ZP, Marsh L, Marcus A. De novo synthesis of 3'-nucleotidase in germinating wheat embryo. Plant Physiol 1983; 71:295-9. [PMID: 16662820 PMCID: PMC1066027 DOI: 10.1104/pp.71.2.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme 3'-AMP nucleotidase was purified 2,500- to 5,000-fold from extracts of an acetone powder of wheat (Triticum aestivum) embryonic axes germinated for 40 hours. Sodium dodecyl sulfate acrylamide gel electrophoresis and chromatography on Biogel-P100 indicate that the enzyme is monomeric with a molecular weight of 39,000. Extracts of embryos germinated up to 6 hours have only 1% of the 40-hour level of enzyme activity. To see if the increase to 40 hours represents de novo synthesis, extracts were compared for their ability to react with a rabbit antibody prepared against the enzyme. In immunodiffusion tests, 40-hour extracts showed a strong precipitin line coincident with that of the purified enzyme, whereas no precipitation was observed with 1-hour extracts. When the enzyme present in 40-hour extracts was partially inactivated by EDTA, it still blocked the ability of the antibody to inhibit enzyme activity. Extracts of 1-hour embryos, in contrast, were not able to block the inhibitory activity of the antibody. Embryos allowed to take up (35)SO(4) between 40 and 46 hours of germination synthesized (35)S-labeled 3'-nucleotidase. In contrast, no radioactive protein synthesized by embryos during the first 6 hours of germination coincided on gel electrophoresis with the enzyme. These results indicate that the increase in 3'-nucleotidase activity is a consequence of de novo synthesis of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z P Zhu
- Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111
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Xie RM, Miao AR, Zhu ZP, Zhou PF, Shen YQ, Chen GJ, Xu QY, Ma SD. [The excitation effect of pachycarpine on skeletal muscles]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 1982; 17:462-5. [PMID: 6128863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Zhu ZP, Tang XH. Studies on developmental biology of embryogenesis in higher plants--effect of actinomycin D and cycloheximide on the formation of peroxidase during rice and embryogenesis and germination. Sci Sin 1981; 24:1732-6. [PMID: 7336197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Peroxidase activity of the pregerminated rice embryos collected at various stages of development has been investigated and compared with that of the embryos under the treatment of actinomycin D. Peroxidase activity gradually increases as embryo differentiation goes on, but remains more or less stable at the stage when maximum differentiation occurs. According to the investigation, the authors postulate that the peroxidase biosynthesis during rice germination is mediated by a long-lived mRNA, which is transcribed in the immature embryo at the stage of eight to nine days after anthesis. In this paper, the role of long-lived mRNA is also discussed.
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