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Almog T, Kandel Kfir M, Levkovich H, Shlomai G, Barshack I, Stienstra R, Lustig Y, Leikin Frenkel A, Harari A, Bujanover Y, Apte R, Shaish A, Harats D, Kamari Y. Interleukin-1α deficiency reduces adiposity, glucose intolerance and hepatic de-novo lipogenesis in diet-induced obese mice. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2019; 7:e000650. [PMID: 31749969 PMCID: PMC6827792 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While extensive research revealed that interleukin (IL)-1β contributes to insulin resistance (IR) development, the role of IL-1α in obesity and IR was scarcely studied. Using control, whole body IL-1α knockout (KO) or myeloid-cell-specific IL-1α-deficient mice, we tested the hypothesis that IL-1α deficiency would protect against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and its metabolic consequences. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS To induce obesity and IR, control and IL-1α KO mice were given either chow or HFD for 16 weeks. Glucose tolerance test was performed at 10 and 15 weeks, representing early and progressive stages of glucose intolerance, respectively. Liver and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) samples were analyzed for general morphology and adipocyte size. Plasma levels of adiponectin, insulin, total cholesterol and triglyceride (TG), lipoprotein profile as well as hepatic lipids were analyzed. Expression of lipid and inflammation-related genes in liver and eWAT was analyzed. Primary mouse hepatocytes isolated from control mice were treated either with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (control) or 20 ng/mL recombinant IL-1α for 24 hours and subjected to gene expression analysis. RESULTS Although total body weight gain was similar, IL-1α KO mice showed reduced adiposity and were completely protected from HFD-induced glucose intolerance. In addition, plasma total cholesterol and TG levels were lower and HFD-induced accumulation of liver TGs was completely inhibited in IL-1α KO compared with control mice. Expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase1 (SCD1), fatty acid synthase (FASN), elongation of long-chain fatty acids family member 6 (ELOVL6), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), key enzymes that promote de-novo lipogenesis, was lower in livers of IL-1α KO mice. Treatment with recombinant IL-1α elevated the expression of ELOVL6 and FASN in mouse primary hepatocytes. Finally, mice with myeloid-cell-specific deletion of IL-1α did not show reduced adiposity and improved glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate a novel role of IL-1α in promoting adiposity, obesity-induced glucose intolerance and liver TG accumulation and suggest that IL-1α blockade could be used for treatment of obesity and its metabolic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Almog
- The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Michal Kandel Kfir
- The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Hana Levkovich
- The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Gadi Shlomai
- The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Iris Barshack
- The Pathology Department, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Departments of Medicine and Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rinke Stienstra
- Department of Medicine, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yaniv Lustig
- The Institute of Endocrinology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Alicia Leikin Frenkel
- The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Departments of Medicine and Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ayelet Harari
- The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Yoram Bujanover
- The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Roni Apte
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Aviv Shaish
- The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Department of life sciences, Achva Academic College, Shikmim, Israel
| | - Dror Harats
- The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Departments of Medicine and Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yehuda Kamari
- The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Departments of Medicine and Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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