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Zhang D, Chen Y, Gong S, Wu W, Cai W, Ren M, Ren X, Zhang S, Guo G, Xu J. All-optical modulation of quantum states by nonlinear metasurface. Light Sci Appl 2022; 11:58. [PMID: 35277471 PMCID: PMC8917209 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00744-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces have proven themselves an exotic ability to harness light at nano-scale, being important not only for classical but also for quantum optics. Dynamic manipulation of the quantum states is at the heart of quantum information processing; however, such function has been rarely realized with metasurfaces so far. Here, we report an all-optical dynamic modulation of the photonic quantum states using the nonlinear metasurface. The metasurface consists of a metallic nanostructure combined with a photoisomerizable azo layer. By tuning the plasmonic resonance through optically switching the azo molecules between their binary isomeric states, we have realized dynamic control of transmission efficiencies of orthogonally polarized photons and also the phase delay between them, thereby an entangled state was efficiently controlled. As an illustration, a quantum state distillation has been demonstrated to recover a Bell state from a non-maximally entangled one to that with fidelities higher than 98%. Our work would enrich the functions of the metasurface in the quantum world, from static to dynamic modulation, making the quantum metasurface going practical.
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Grants
- Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research (2020B0301030009); National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0305100, 2017YFA0303800, 2019YFA0705000); National Natural Science Foundation of China (92050114, 12174202, 11774333, 91750204, 62061160487, 12004373, 61775106, 11904182, 12074200, 11774185); Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies (AHY130300); The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB24030601); 111 Project (B07013); PCSIRT (IRT0149); Open Research Program of Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (010-63201003, 010-63201008, 010-63201009, 010-63211001); Tianjin Youth Talent Support Program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shengchao Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengxin Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Xifeng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guangcan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jingjun Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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