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Huang H, Wang Y, Cai M, Wang R, Wen F, Hu X. Adaptive temporal compression for reduction of computational complexity in human behavior recognition. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10560. [PMID: 38720020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The research on video analytics especially in the area of human behavior recognition has become increasingly popular recently. It is widely applied in virtual reality, video surveillance, and video retrieval. With the advancement of deep learning algorithms and computer hardware, the conventional two-dimensional convolution technique for training video models has been replaced by three-dimensional convolution, which enables the extraction of spatio-temporal features. Specifically, the use of 3D convolution in human behavior recognition has been the subject of growing interest. However, the increased dimensionality has led to challenges such as the dramatic increase in the number of parameters, increased time complexity, and a strong dependence on GPUs for effective spatio-temporal feature extraction. The training speed can be considerably slow without the support of powerful GPU hardware. To address these issues, this study proposes an Adaptive Time Compression (ATC) module. Functioning as an independent component, ATC can be seamlessly integrated into existing architectures and achieves data compression by eliminating redundant frames within video data. The ATC module effectively reduces GPU computing load and time complexity with negligible loss of accuracy, thereby facilitating real-time human behavior recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Huang
- School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, 110159, China
| | - Yuyao Wang
- School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, 110159, China
| | - Mingqi Cai
- School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, 110159, China
| | - Ruipeng Wang
- School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, 110159, China
| | - Feng Wen
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, 110159, China
| | - Xiaojie Hu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, 110159, China.
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Cheng J, Pan W, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Chen L, Huang H, Chen Y, Wu R. Piezocatalytic Schottky Junction Treats Atherosclerosis by a Biomimetic Trojan Horse Strategy. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2312102. [PMID: 38289723 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque is characterized by the foamy macrophage burden, involving impaired cholesterol efflux and deficient efferocytosis. Correspondingly, piezocatalytic therapy is an emerging solution for eliminating the foamy macrophage burden with satisfactory spatiotemporal controllability and deep penetration depth. Herein, a biomimetic Trojan horse (Au-ZnO@MM) is engineered by coating the macrophage membrane (MM) onto the surface of a rod-like Au-ZnO Schottky Junction to effectively relieve the atherosclerotic progression. These Trojan horses with the coating of MM are actively transported into subsistent foamy macrophages and generate abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) via ultrasound-activated piezocatalysis. ROS-initiated autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction induce substantial cell apoptosis, alleviating the burden of subsistent foamy macrophages. The resulting apoptotic fragments further significantly facilitate cholesterol excretion and trigger efferocytosis of intraplaque fresh macrophages. Ultimately, the biomimetic Au-ZnO@MM piezocatalyst not only inhibits the foaming capacity of macrophages, but also improves the function of removing cell debris, which can stabilize atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque. Meanwhile, the plasmon resonance effect of integrated gold nanoparticles enables favorable photoacoustic molecular imaging for real-time image-guided atherosclerotic therapy. This proposed biomimetic Trojan horse strategy provides the paradigm of employing ultrasound-activated piezocatalytic methodology for enhanced atherosclerotic theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Cheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
| | - Wenqi Pan
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325088, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Materdicine, Shanghai, 200051, P. R. China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
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Zhao M, Zhang L, Chen J, Gu S, Wu R, Jia C. Associations between carotid plaque shape, biomechanical parameters, and ischemic stroke in mild carotid stenosis with a single plaque. Ultrasonography 2024; 43:209-219. [PMID: 38644636 PMCID: PMC11079503 DOI: 10.14366/usg.24019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This cross-sectional cohort-comparison observational study investigated the value of high-frame-rate vector flow (V Flow) imaging for evaluating differences in carotid plaque shape and biomechanical parameters in patients with mild stenosis according to a recent history of ipsilateral ischemic stroke. METHODS The present study included 352 patients from February 2023 to October 2023, who were categorized as symptomatic or asymptomatic based on a history of recent ischemic stroke and ipsilateral ischemic lesions detected on head computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. A Mindray Resona R9 system was used for B-mode ultrasonography and V Flow imaging. The upstream and downstream surfaces of the plaques were examined at the carotid bifurcation for wall shear stress (WSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and turbulence index, which performed peri-plaque biomechanical condition. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine associations between plaque shape, V Flow parameters, and ischemic stroke. RESULTS Symptomatic patients exhibited higher WSS values for the upstream and downstream surfaces of carotid plaque, as well as higher OSI and turbulence index values for the downstream surface. Type Ⅲ plaques and higher WSS and OSI values for the downstream surface of the plaque were significantly associated with ischemic stroke. Type Ⅲ plaques were more prevalent in symptomatic patients and demonstrated much higher WSS and OSI values for the downstream plaque surface in both groups. CONCLUSION High-frame-rate V Flow imaging could assess peri-plaque biomechanical forces and may provide effective imaging biomarkers for early prediction of ischemic stroke in patients with mild stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Luni Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyao Gu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Wu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixia Jia
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhuang F, Jing L, Xiang H, Li C, Lu B, Yan L, Wang J, Chen Y, Huang B. Engineering Photothermal Catalytic CO 2 Nanoreactor for Osteomyelitis Treatment by In Situ CO Generation. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2402256. [PMID: 38650112 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction is an effective method for in vivo carbon monoxide (CO) generation for antibacterial use. However, the available strategies mainly focus on utilizing visible-light-responsive photocatalysts to achieve CO generation. The limited penetration capability of visible light hinders CO generation in deep-seated tissues. Herein, a photothermal CO2 catalyst (abbreviated as NNBCs) to achieve an efficient hyperthermic effect and in situ CO generation is rationally developed, to simultaneously suppress bacterial proliferation and relieve inflammatory responses. The NNBCs are modified with a special polyethylene glycol and further embellished by bicarbonate (BC) decoration via ferric ion-mediated coordination. Upon exposure to 1064 nm laser irradiation, the NNBCs facilitated efficient photothermal conversion and in situ CO generation through photothermal CO2 catalysis. Specifically, the photothermal effect accelerated the decomposition of BC to produce CO2 for photothermal catalytic CO production. Benefiting from the hyperthermic effect and in situ CO production, in vivo assessments using an osteomyelitis model confirmed that NNBCs can simultaneously inhibit bacterial proliferation and attenuate the photothermal effect-associated pro-inflammatory response. This study represents the first attempt to develop high-performance photothermal CO2 nanocatalysts to achieve in situ CO generation for the concurrent inhibition of bacterial growth and attenuation of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhuang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Luxia Jing
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Huijing Xiang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Cuixian Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Beilei Lu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Lixia Yan
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325088, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Materdicine, Shanghai, 200051, P. R. China
| | - Beijian Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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Kang F, Niu M, Zhou Z, Zhang M, Xiong H, Zeng F, Wang J, Chen X. Spatiotemporal Concurrent PARP Inhibitor Sensitization Based on Radiation-Responsive Nanovesicles for Lung Cancer Chemoradiotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400908. [PMID: 38598819 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The implementation of chemoradiation combinations has gained great momentum in clinical practices. However, the full utility of this paradigm is often restricted by the discordant tempos of action of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Here, a gold nanoparticle-based radiation-responsive nanovesicle system loaded with cisplatin and veliparib, denoted as CV-Au NVs, is developed to augment the concurrent chemoradiation effect in a spatiotemporally controllable manner of drug release. Upon irradiation, the in situ generation of •OH induces the oxidation of polyphenylene sulfide from being hydrophobic to hydrophilic, resulting in the disintegration of the nanovesicles and the rapid release of the entrapped cisplatin and veliparib (the poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor). Cisplatin-induced DNA damage and the impairment of the DNA repair mechanism mediated by veliparib synergistically elicit potent pro-apoptotic effects. In vivo studies suggest that one-dose injection of the CV-Au NVs and one-time X-ray irradiation paradigm effectively inhibit tumor growth in the A549 lung cancer model. This study provides new insight into designing nanomedicine platforms in chemoradiation therapy from a vantage point of synergizing both chemotherapy and radiation therapy in a spatiotemporally concurrent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Meng Niu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang'An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Mingru Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Hehe Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang'An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Fantian Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang'An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
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Cao L, Jiang F, Liu D, Zhang J, Yang T, Zhang J, Che D, Fan J. Genome-Wide Characterization of Differentially Expressed Scent Genes in the MEP Control Network of the Flower of Lilium 'Sorbonne'. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01063-3. [PMID: 38379074 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Fragrance is an important feature of ornamental lilies. Components of volatile substances and important genes for monoterpene synthesis in the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway were examined in this study. Twenty volatile compounds (2 in the budding stage, 3 in the initial flowering stage, 7 in the semi-flowering stage, 17 in the full-flowering stage, and 5 in withering stage) were detected in the Oriental lily 'Sorbonne' using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The semi- and full-flowering stages were key periods for volatile substance production and enzyme function. Sequence assembly from samples collected during all flowering stages resulted in the detection of 274,849 genes and 129,017 transcripts. RNA sequencing and heatmapping led to the detection of genes in the MEP monoterpene metabolism pathway. Through gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, we extracted key genes (LiDXS2, LiLIS, and LiMYS) and transcription factors (in the bHLH, MYB, HD-ZIP, and NAC families) associated with the MEP pathway. Tissue localization revealed that LiDXS2, LiLIS, and LiMYS were expressed in Lilium 'Sorbonne' petals in the full-flowering stage. Genes regulating the 1-deoxy-D-X-lignone-5-phosphate synthase family of rate-limiting enzymes, involved in the first step of monoterpene synthesis, showed high expression in the semi- and full-flowering stages. LiDXS2 was cloned and localized in chloroplast subcells. The relative expression of terpene-related genes in the MEP and mevalonic acid pathways of wild-type and LiLIS/LiMYS transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana, and changes in chemical composition, confirmed that LiLIS/LiMYS regulates the monoterpene synthesis pathway. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the synthesis of lily aromatic substances and the cultivation of new garden flower varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Dongying Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jiaohua Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Daidi Che
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jinping Fan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Guo X, Tu P, Wang X, Du C, Jiang W, Qiu X, Wang J, Chen L, Chen Y, Ren J. Decomposable Nanoagonists Enable NIR-Elicited cGAS-STING Activation for Tandem-Amplified Photodynamic-Metalloimmunotherapy. Adv Mater 2024:e2313029. [PMID: 38353366 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway has emerged as an efficient strategy to improve the therapeutic outcomes of immunotherapy. However, the "constantly active" mode of current STING agonist delivery strategies typically leads to off-target toxicity and hyperimmunity. To address this critical issue, herein a metal-organic frameworks-based nanoagonist (DZ@A7) featuring tumor-specific and near-infrared (NIR) light-enhanced decomposition is constructed for precisely localized STING activation and photodynamic-metalloimmunotherapy. The engineered nanoagonist enabled the generation of mitochondria-targeted reactive oxygen species under NIR irradiation to specifically release mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and inhibit the repair of nuclear DNA via hypoxia-responsive drugs. Oxidized tumor mtDNA serves as an endogenous danger-associated molecular pattern that activates the cGAS-STING pathway. Concurrently, NIR-accelerated zinc ions overloading in cancer cells further enhance the cGAS enzymatic activity through metalloimmune effects. By combining the synergistically enhanced activation of the cGAS-STING pathway triggered by NIR irradiation, the engineered nanoagonist facilitated the maturation of dendritic cells and infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes for primary tumor eradication, which also established a long-term anti-tumor immunity to suppress tumor metastasis. Therefore, the developed nanoagonist enabled NIR-triggered, agonist-free, and tandem-amplified activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, thereby offering a distinct paradigm for photodynamic-metalloimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Guo
- Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Peng Tu
- Department of Ultrasound, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Chier Du
- Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Weixi Jiang
- Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Qiu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Jingxue Wang
- Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325088, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Materdicine, Shanghai, 200051, P. R. China
| | - Jianli Ren
- Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
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Li X, Li J, Yu F, Feng X, Luo Y, Liu Z, Zhao T, Xia J. The Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Differences in Energy Metabolism in Patients with Different Subtypes of Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-023-03884-w. [PMID: 38183570 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03884-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Ischemic stroke (IS) is the most common subtype of stroke. The risk factors and pathogenesis of IS are complex and varied due to different subtypes. Therefore, we used metabolomics technology to investigate the biomarkers and potential pathophysiological mechanisms of different subtypes of IS. METHODS We included 126 IS patients and divided them into two groups based on the TOAST classification: large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) group (n = 87) and small-vessel occlusion (SVO) group (n = 39). Plasma metabolomics analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) to identify metabolic profiles in LAA and SVO subtype IS patients and to determine metabolic differences between patients with the two subtypes of IS. RESULTS We identified 26 differential metabolites between LAA and SVO subtype IS. A multiple prediction model based on the plasm metabolites had good predictive ability for IS subtyping (AUC = 0.822, accuracy = 77.8%), with 12,13-DHOME being the most important differential metabolite in the model. The differential metabolic pathways between the two subtypes of IS patients included tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism, mainly focused on energy metabolism. CONCLUSION 12,13-DHOME emerged as the primary discriminatory metabolite between LAA and SVO subtypes of IS. In LAA subtype IS patients, energy metabolism, encompassing pyruvate metabolism and the TCA cycle, exhibited lower activity levels when compared to patients with the SVO subtype IS. The utilization of targeted metabolomics holds the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing stroke subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xianjing Feng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yunfang Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Li Z, Jallow A, Nidiaye S, Huang Y, Zhang Q, Li P, Tang X. Improvement of the sensitivity of lateral flow systems for detecting mycotoxins: Up-to-date strategies and future perspectives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13255. [PMID: 38284606 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are dangerous human and animal health-threatening secondary fungal metabolites that can be found in various food and agricultural products. Several countries have established regulations to restrict their presence in food and agricultural products destined for human and animal consumption. Consequently, the need to develop highly sensitive and smart detection systems was recognized worldwide. Lateral flow assay possesses the advantages of easy operation, rapidity, stability, accuracy, and specificity, and it plays an important role in the detection of mycotoxins. Nevertheless, strategies to comprehensively improve the sensitivity of lateral flow assay to mycotoxins in food have rarely been highlighted and discussed. In this article, a comprehensive overview was presented on the application of lateral flow assay in mycotoxin detection in food samples by highlighting the principle of lateral flow assay, presenting a detailed discussion on various analytical performance-improvement strategies, such as the development of high-affinity recognition reagents, immunogen immobilization methods, and signal amplification. Additionally, a detailed discussion on the various signal analyzers and interpretation approaches was provided. Finally, current hurdles and future perspectives on the application of lateral flow assay in the detection of mycotoxins were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Abdoulie Jallow
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Seyni Nidiaye
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Institute, HuBei University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Institute, HuBei University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Institute, HuBei University, Wuhan, China
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
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Cheng J, Huang H, Chen Y, Wu R. Nanomedicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Atherosclerosis. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2304294. [PMID: 37897322 PMCID: PMC10754137 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
With the changing disease spectrum, atherosclerosis has become increasingly prevalent worldwide and the associated diseases have emerged as the leading cause of death. Due to their fascinating physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, nanomaterials are regarded as a promising tool to tackle enormous challenges in medicine. The emerging discipline of nanomedicine has filled a huge application gap in the atherosclerotic field, ushering a new generation of diagnosis and treatment strategies. Herein, based on the essential pathogenic contributors of atherogenesis, as well as the distinct composition/structural characteristics, synthesis strategies, and surface design of nanoplatforms, the three major application branches (nanodiagnosis, nanotherapy, and nanotheranostic) of nanomedicine in atherosclerosis are elaborated. Then, state-of-art studies containing a sequence of representative and significant achievements are summarized in detail with an emphasis on the intrinsic interaction/relationship between nanomedicines and atherosclerosis. Particularly, attention is paid to the biosafety of nanomedicines, which aims to pave the way for future clinical translation of this burgeoning field. Finally, this comprehensive review is concluded by proposing unresolved key scientific issues and sharing the vision and expectation for the future, fully elucidating the closed loop from atherogenesis to the application paradigm of nanomedicines for advancing the early achievement of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Cheng
- Department of UltrasoundShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200080P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Materdicine LabSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine LabSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325088P. R. China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of UltrasoundShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200080P. R. China
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Yuan J, Ma L, Wang Y, Xu X, Zhang R, Wang C, Meng W, Tian Z, Zhou Y, Wang G. A recently evolved BAHD acetyltransferase, responsible for bitter soyasaponin A production, is indispensable for soybean seed germination. J Integr Plant Biol 2023; 65:2490-2504. [PMID: 37548097 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Soyasaponins are major small molecules that accumulate in soybean (Glycine max) seeds. Among them, type-A soyasaponins, fully acetylated at the terminal sugar of their C22 sugar chain, are responsible for the bitter taste of soybean-derived foods. However, the molecular basis for the acetylation of type-A soyasaponins remains unclear. Here, we identify and characterize GmSSAcT1, encoding a BADH-type soyasaponin acetyltransferase that catalyzes three or four consecutive acetylations on type-A soyasaponins in vitro and in planta. Phylogenetic analysis and biochemical assays suggest that GmSSAcT1 likely evolved from acyltransferases present in leguminous plants involved in isoflavonoid acylation. Loss-of-function mutants of GmSSAcT1 exhibited impaired seed germination, which attribute to the excessive accumulation of null-acetylated type-A soyasaponins. We conclude that GmSSAcT1 not only functions as a detoxification gene for high accumulation of type-A soyasaponins in soybean seeds but is also a promising target for breeding new soybean varieties with lower bitter soyasaponin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Liya Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xindan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chengyuan Wang
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Institute of Pasteur of Shanghai, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wenxiang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhixi Tian
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yihua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
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12
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Zhang B, Yuan Q, Luan Y, Xia J. Effect of women's fertility and sexual development on epigenetic clock: Mendelian randomization study. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:154. [PMID: 37770973 PMCID: PMC10540426 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01572-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In observational studies, women's fertility and sexual development traits may have implications for DNA methylation patterns, and pregnancy-related risk factors can also affect maternal DNA methylation patterns. The aim of our study is to disentangle any potential causal associations between women's fertility and sexual development traits and epigenetic clocks, as well as to search for probable mediators by using the Mendelian randomization (MR) method. METHODS Instrumental variables for exposures, mediators, and outcomes were adopted from genome-wide association studies data of European ancestry individuals. The potential causal relationship between women's fertility and sexual development traits and four epigenetic clocks were evaluated by inverse variance weighted method and verified by other two methods. Furthermore, we employed multivariable MR (MVMR) adjusting for hypertension, hyperglycemia, BMI changes, and insomnia. Then, combining the MVMR results and previous research, we performed two-step MR to explore the mediating effects of BMI, AFS, and AFB. Multiple sensitivity analyses were further performed to verify the robustness of our findings. RESULTS Leveraging two-sample MR analysis, we observed statistically significant associations between earlier age at first birth (AFB) with a higher HannumAge, PhenoAge and GrimAge acceleration(β = - 0.429, 95% CI [- 0.781 to - 0.077], p = 0.017 for HannumAge; β = - 0.571, 95% CI [- 1.006 to - 0.136], p = 0.010 for PhenoAge, and β = - 1.136, 95% CI [- 1.508 to - 0.765], p = 2.03E-09 for GrimAge respectively) and age at first sexual intercourse (AFS) with a higher HannumAge and GrimAge acceleration(β = - 0.175, 95% CI [- 0.336 to - 0.014], p = 0.033 for HannumAge; β = - 0.210, 95% CI [- 0.350 to - 0.070], p = 0.003 for GrimAge, respectively). Further analyses indicated that BMI, AFB and AFS played mediator roles in the path from women's fertility and sexual development traits to epigenetic aging. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that AFS and AFB are associated with epigenetic aging. These findings may prove valuable in informing the development of prevention strategies and interventions targeted towards women's fertility and sexual development experiences and their relationship with epigenetic aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road of Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qizhi Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road of Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yining Luan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road of Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road of Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Xie W, Li J, Du H, Xia J. Causal relationship between PCSK9 inhibitor and autoimmune diseases: a drug target Mendelian randomization study. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:148. [PMID: 37580807 PMCID: PMC10424393 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to decreasing the level of cholesterol, proprotein convertase subtilis kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor has pleiotropic effects, including immune regulation. However, the impact of PCSK9 on autoimmune diseases is controversial. Therefore, we used drug target Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the effect of PCSK9 inhibitor on different autoimmune diseases. METHODS We collected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PCSK9 from published genome-wide association studies statistics and conducted drug target MR analysis to detect the causal relationship between PCSK9 inhibitor and the risk of autoimmune diseases. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-assisted enzyme A reductase (HMGCR) inhibitor, the drug target of statin, was used to compare the effect with that of PCSK9 inhibitor. With the risk of coronary heart disease as a positive control, primary outcomes included the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), myasthenia gravis (MG), multiple sclerosis (MS), asthma, Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and type 1 diabetes (T1D). RESULTS PCSK9 inhibitor significantly reduced the risk of SLE (OR [95%CI] = 0.47 [0.30 to 0.76], p = 1.74 × 10-3) but increased the risk of asthma (OR [95%CI] = 1.15 [1.03 to 1.29], p = 1.68 × 10-2) and CD (OR [95%CI] = 1.38 [1.05 to 1.83], p = 2.28 × 10-2). In contrast, HMGCR inhibitor increased the risk of RA (OR [95%CI] = 1.58 [1.19 to 2.11], p = 1.67 × 10-3), asthma (OR [95%CI] = 1.21 [1.04 to 1.40], p = 1.17 × 10-2), and CD (OR [95%CI] = 1.60 [1.08 to 2.39], p = 2.04 × 10-2). CONCLUSIONS PCSK9 inhibitor significantly reduced the risk of SLE but increased the risk of asthma and CD. In contrast, HMGCR inhibitor may be a risk factor for RA, asthma, and CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Xie
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Du
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Zhang C, Wang S, Hu L, Fang H, Chen G, Ma X, Yu Y, Wang Y, Xu Q. Analysis of CircRNA Expression in Peripheral Blood of Holstein Cows in Response to Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10150. [PMID: 37373298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify key circRNAs and pathways associated with heat stress in blood samples of Holstein cows, which will provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms driving heat stress in cows. Hence, we evaluated changes in milk yield, rectal temperature, and respiratory rate of experimental cows between heat stress (summer) and non-heat stress (spring) conditions with two comparisons, including Sum1 vs. Spr1 (same lactation stage, different individuals, 15 cows per group) and Sum1 vs. Spr2 (same individual, different lactation stages, 15 cows per group). Compared to both Spr1 and Spr2, cows in the Sum1 group had a significantly lower milk yield, while rectal temperature and respiratory rate were significantly higher (p < 0.05), indicating that cows in the Sum1 group were experiencing heat stress. In each group, five animals were chosen randomly to undergo RNA-seq. The results reveal that 140 and 205 differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs were screened in the first and second comparisons, respectively. According to the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, these DE circRNAs were mainly enriched in five signaling pathways, including choline metabolism, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, the longevity-regulating pathway, and autophagy. Then, we obtained the top 10 hub source genes of circRNAs according to the protein-protein interaction networks. Among them, ciRNA1282 (HIF1A), circRNA4205 (NR3C1), and circRNA12923 (ROCK1) were enriched in multiple pathways and identified as binding multiple miRNAs. These key circRNAs may play an important role in the heat stress responses of dairy cows. These results provide valuable information on the involvement of key circRNAs and their expression pattern in the heat stress response of cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Lirong Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, MARA, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hao Fang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Gong Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ma
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Ying Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, MARA, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yachun Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, MARA, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
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Huang Q, Liu Z, Wei M, Huang Q, Feng J, Liu Z, Xia J. The atherogenic index of plasma and carotid atherosclerosis in a community population: a population-based cohort study in China. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:125. [PMID: 37244995 PMCID: PMC10225098 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01839-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is an important alternative metabolic biomarker of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the correlation between the AIP and carotid atherosclerosis is unknown among the general population. METHODS A total of 52,380 community residents, aged ≥ 40 years who underwentcervical vascular ultrasound from December 2017 to December 2020 in Hunan China, were selected for retrospective analysis. The AIP was calculated as a logarithmically converted ratio of triglycerides (TG) to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). The participants were divided into AIP quartile groups (Q1-Q4). Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to examine the association of the AIP with carotid atherosclerosis. Stratified analyses were applied to control for confounding factors. The incremental predictive value of the AIP was further assessed. RESULTS After adjusting for traditional risk factors, an increased AIP was associated with a higher rate of carotid atherosclerosis (CA), increased carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and plaques [odds ratio, OR (95% confidence interval, CI): 1.06 (1.04, 1.08), 1.07 (1.05, 1.09), and 1.04 (1.02, 1.06) per 1-SD increase in the AIP, respectively]. Compared with those participants in the quartile 1 group, those in the quartile 4 group had a greater risk of CA [OR 1.18, 95% CI (1.12, 1.25)], increased CIMT [OR 1.20, 95% CI (1.13, 1.26)], and plaques [OR 1.13, 95% CI (1.06, 1.19)]. However, we did not observe an association between the AIP and stenosis [0.97 (0.77, 1.23), p for trend = 0.758]. Restricted cubic spline analyses also showed a cumulative increase in the risk of CA, increased CIMT, and plaques but not stenosis severity (> 50%) with an increase of the AIP. Subgroup analyses showed that a more significant association between the AIP and the prevalence of increased CA was detected in younger subjects (aged < 60 years) with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 24 and fewer comorbidities. Additionally, the AIP provided incremental predictive capacity over established risk factors for CA, as shown by an improvement in the net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination index (IDI) (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS An elevated AIP in a community-based population is associated with a higher rate of CA. the AIP could serve as a potential biomarker for CA risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Neurology, Peking University people's hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Minping Wei
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zunjing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University people's hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Pan L, Ye S, Xv X, Lin P, Huang R, Wang D. Zeolite-Encaged Luminescent Silver Nanoclusters. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16103736. [PMID: 37241363 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs) are nanoscale aggregates that possess molecular-like discrete energy levels, resulting in electronic configuration-dependent tunable luminescence spanning the entire visible range. Benefiting from the efficient ion exchange capacity, nanometer dimensional cages, and high thermal and chemical stabilities, zeolites have been employed as desirable inorganic matrices to disperse and stabilize Ag NCs. This paper reviewed the recent research progresses on the luminescence properties, spectral manipulation, as well as the theoretical modelling of electronic structure and optical transition of Ag NCs confined inside various zeolites with different topology structures. Furthermore, potential applications of the zeolite-encaged luminescent Ag NCs in lighting, gas monitoring and sensing were presented. This review concludes with a brief comment on the possible future directions in the study of zeolite-encaged luminescent Ag NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Song Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Xinling Xv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Peixuan Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Ruihao Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Deping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
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Li G, Li X, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Li H, Zhang J, Cai G, Luo K, Xie F. Occurrence and source analysis of heavy metals and dissolved organic matter in Nanyi Lake, Anhui Province. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:660. [PMID: 37169981 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanyi Lake is a tributary in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the largest freshwater lake in southern Anhui. Anthropogenic activities have significantly affected the lake with the rapid development of the surrounding economy in recent years. This study collected a total of 39 × 2 water samples of surface water and overlying water, detected the heavy metal concentrations (As, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Zn, Fe, Cd), and analyzed the spectral characteristics of the dissolved organic matter (DOM). The results demonstrated that the concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Zn, Fe, Cd) in the surface water were 1.00-7.78, 0.40-5.59, 0.20-4.52, 20.00-269.50, 0.40-5.56, 0.20-5.06, 1.00-7.64, 20.00-252.50, 60.00-590.00, and 0.04-0.60, respectively (unit: μg L-1). The risk assessment showed that the carcinogenic risks of heavy metals (As, Cr, Cd) through drinking water were ranged from 10-7 to 10-4a-1 in Nanyi Lake, and Cr was the main carcinogen which should be the focus of environmental health risk management. The average personal non-carcinogenic risks of heavy metals (Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Zn, Fe) were ranged from 10-9 to 10-13a-1, and considered to be acceptable risk level. The contour map of spatial distribution demonstrated different degrees of heavy metals (except Zn) enrichment near the Langchuan River in the East Lake District. Parallel factor analysis showed that the main components of DOM in Nanyi Lake were tryptophan like, fulvic acid like, and tyrosine like, and the dissolved organic matter was primarily derived from autogenous endogenous sources. The heavy metals Cr, Ni, Pb, Fe, Cd, and HIX in the surface water of West Lake were significantly positively correlated, among which Ni, Fe and C2 were significantly negatively correlated (P < 0.05), Mn and BIX demonstrated extremely significant positive correlations (P < 0.01), while no significant correlation was observed between heavy metals and the DOM indexes in the surface water of the East Lake. The principal component and correlation analysis showed that the heavy metals in Nanyi Lake were primarily derived from the production wastewater discharged by the surrounding industrial and mining enterprises through the rivers input, followed by the non-point source runoff input of the surrounding agricultural production and lake aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolian Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Haibin Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jiamei Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Gege Cai
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Kun Luo
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Fazhi Xie
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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Zhou Z, Xu X, Luo D, Zhou Z, Zhang S, He R, An T, Sun Q. Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum N-1 and Its Synergies with Oligomeric Isomaltose on the Growth Performance and Meat Quality in Hu Sheep. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091858. [PMID: 37174396 PMCID: PMC10178320 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have gained tremendous attention as an alternative to antibiotics, while synbiotics may exhibit a greater growth promoting effect than their counterpart probiotics due to the prebiotics' promotion on the growth and reproduction of probiotics. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum N-1 and its synbiotic with oligomeric isomaltose on the growth performance and meat quality of Hu sheep. Hu sheep (0-3 days old) were fed with water, probiotics of N-1, or synbiotics (N-1 and oligomeric isomaltose) daily in three pens for 60 days and regularly evaluated to measure growth performance and collect serum (five lambs per group). Longissimus thoracis (LT) and biceps brachii (BB) muscle tissues were collected for the analysis of pH value, color, texture, nutrients, mineral elements, amino acids, volatile compounds, and antioxidant capacity. The results showed that dietary supplementation of N-1 tended to improve growth performance and meat quality of Hu sheep, while the synergism of N-1 with oligomeric isomaltose significantly improved their growth performance and meat quality (p < 0.05). Both the dietary supplementation of N-1 and synbiotics (p < 0.05) increased the body weight and body size of Hu sheep. Synbiotic treatment reduced serum cholesterol and improved LT fat content by increasing the transcription level of fatty acid synthase to enhance fat deposition in LT, as determined via RT-qPCR analysis. Moreover, synbiotics increased zinc content and improved LT tenderness by decreasing shear force and significantly increased the levels of certain essential (Thr, Phe, and Met) and non-essential (Asp, Ser, and Tyr) amino acids of LT (p < 0.05). Additionally, synbiotics inhibited the production of carbonyl groups and TBARS in LT and thus maintained antioxidant stability. In conclusion, it is recommended that the use of synbiotics in livestock breeding be promoted to improve sheep production and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhou
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Dongmei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Senlin Zhang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ruipeng He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tianwu An
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Qun Sun
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Jin H, Zhang Y, Yu S, Du X, Xu N, Shao R, Lin D, Chen Y, Xiao J, Sun Z, Deng L, Liang X, Zhang H, Guo Z, Dai M, Shi P, Huang F, Fan Z, Yin Z, Xuan L, Lin R, Jiang X, Yu G, Liu Q. Venetoclax Combined with Azacitidine and Homoharringtonine in Relapsed/Refractory AML: A Multicenter, Phase 2 Trial. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:42. [PMID: 37120593 PMCID: PMC10149010 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) has a dismal prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the activity and tolerability of venetoclax combined with azacitidine plus homoharringtonine (VAH) regimen for R/R AML. METHODS This phase 2 trial was done at ten hospitals in China. Eligible patients were R/R AML (aged 18-65 years) with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2. Patients received venetoclax (100 mg on day 1, 200 mg on day 2, and 400 mg on days 3-14) and azacitidine (75 mg/m2 on days 1-7) and homoharringtonine (1 mg/m2 on days 1-7). The primary endpoint was composite complete remission rate [CRc, complete response (CR) plus complete response with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi)] after 2 cycles of treatment. The secondary endpoints include safety and survival. RESULTS Between May 27, 2020, and June 16, 2021, we enrolled 96 patients with R/R AML, including 37 primary refractory AML and 59 relapsed AML (16 relapsed after chemotherapy and 43 after allo-HSCT). The CRc rate was 70.8% (95% CI 60.8-79.2). In the patients with CRc, measurable residual disease (MRD)-negative was attained in 58.8% of CRc patients. Accordingly, overall response rate (ORR, CRc plus partial remission (PR)) was 78.1% (95% CI 68.6-85.4). At a median follow-up of 14.7 months (95% CI 6.6-22.8) for all patients, median overall survival (OS) was 22.1 months (95% CI 12.7-Not estimated), and event-free survival (EFS) was 14.3 months (95% CI 7.0-Not estimated). The 1-year OS was 61.5% (95% CI 51.0-70.4), and EFS was 51.0% (95% CI 40.7-60.5). The most common grade 3-4 adverse events were febrile neutropenia (37.4%), sepsis (11.4%), and pneumonia (21.9%). CONCLUSIONS VAH is a promising and well-tolerated regimen in R/R AML, with high CRc and encouraging survival. Further randomized studies are needed to be explored. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04424147.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Jin
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijian Yu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology and Shenzhen Bone Marrow Transplantation Public Service Platform, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoyang Shao
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongjun Lin
- Department of Hematology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanqiu Chen
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lan Deng
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinquan Liang
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziwen Guo
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Shi
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen Huang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Fan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Yin
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Xuan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren Lin
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejie Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guopan Yu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qifa Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhou Z, Luo D, Li M, Lao G, Zhou Z, Dinnyés A, Xu W, Sun Q. A Novel Multicellular Placental Barrier Model to Investigate the Effect of Maternal Aflatoxin B 1 Exposure on Fetal-Side Neural Stem Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15050312. [PMID: 37235346 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15050312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ingestion of food toxins such as aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) during pregnancy may impair fetal neurodevelopment. However, animal model results may not be accurate due to the species' differences, and testing on humans is ethically impermissible. Here, we developed an in vitro human maternal-fetal multicellular model composed of a human hepatic compartment, a bilayer placental barrier, and a human fetal central nervous system compartment using neural stem cells (NSCs) to investigate the effect of AFB1 on fetal-side NSCs. AFB1 passed through the HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells to mimic the maternal metabolic effects. Importantly, even at the limited concentration (0.0641 ± 0.0046 μM) of AFB1, close to the national safety level standard of China (GB-2761-2011), the mixture of AFB1 crossing the placental barrier induced NSC apoptosis. The level of reactive oxygen species in NSCs was significantly elevated and the cell membrane was damaged, causing the release of intracellular lactate dehydrogenase (p < 0.05). The comet experiment and γ-H2AX immunofluorescence assay showed that AFB1 caused significant DNA damage to NSCs (p < 0.05). This study provided a new model for the toxicological evaluation of the effect of food mycotoxin exposure during pregnancy on fetal neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment Ministry of the Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Dongmei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment Ministry of the Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Mengxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment Ministry of the Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Guangjie Lao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment Ministry of the Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - András Dinnyés
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment Ministry of the Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- BioTalentum Ltd., Aulich Lajos Str. 26, 2100 Godollo, Hungary
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Wenming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment Ministry of the Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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21
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Wang P, Lin C, Obaidat MS, Yu Z, Wei Z, Zhang Q. Contact Tracing Incentive for COVID-19 and Other Pandemic Diseases From a Crowdsourcing Perspective. IEEE Internet Things J 2021; 8:15863-15874. [PMID: 35782186 PMCID: PMC8768981 DOI: 10.1109/jiot.2020.3049024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Governments of the world have invested a lot of manpower and material resources to combat COVID-19 this year. At this moment, the most efficient way that could stop the epidemic is to leverage the contact tracing system to monitor people's daily contact information and isolate the close contacts of COVID-19. However, the contact tracing data usually contains people's sensitive information that they do not want to share with the contact tracing system and government. Conversely, the contact tracing system could perform better when it obtains more detailed contact tracing data. In this article, we treat the process of collecting contact tracing data from a crowdsourcing perspective in order to motivate users to contribute more contact tracing data and propose the incentive algorithm named CovidCrowd. Different from previous works where they ask users to contribute their data voluntarily, the government offers some reward to users who upload their contact tracing data to reimburse the privacy and data processing cost. We formulate the problem as a Stackelberg game and show there exists a Nash equilibrium for any user given the fixed reward value. Then, CovidCrowd computes the optimal reward value which could maximize the utility of the system. Finally, we conduct a large-scale simulation with thousands of users and evaluation with real-world data set. Both results show that CovidCrowd outperforms the benchmarks, e.g., the user participating level is improved by at least 13.2% for all evaluation scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wang
- School of Computer Science and TechnologyDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Chi Lin
- School of SoftwareDalian University of Technology Dalian 116600 China
| | - Mohammad S Obaidat
- College of Computing and InformaticsUniversity of Sharjah Sharjah UAE
- King Abdullah II School of Information Technology, University of Jordan Amman 19328 Jordan
- School of Computer and Communication EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
- School of EngineeringAmity University-A Global University Noida 201313 India
| | - Zhen Yu
- School of Computer Science and TechnologyDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Ziqi Wei
- School of SoftwareTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Computer Science and TechnologyDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
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22
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Gao H, Zhang Y, Jiang H, Hu X, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Zhong F, Lin C, Li J, Luo J, Zhang J. Crystal structures of human coronavirus NL63 main protease at different pH values. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2021; 77:348-355. [PMID: 34605439 PMCID: PMC8488857 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x21009523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), which belongs to the genus Alphacoronavirus, mainly infects children and the immunocompromized and is responsible for a series of clinical manifestations, including cough, fever, rhinorrhoea, bronchiolitis and croup. HCoV-NL63, which was first isolated from a seven-month-old child in 2004, has led to infections worldwide and accounts for 10% of all respiratory illnesses caused by etiological agents. However, effective antivirals against HCoV-NL63 infection are currently unavailable. The HCoV-NL63 main protease (Mpro), also called 3C-like protease (3CLpro), plays a vital role in mediating viral replication and transcription by catalyzing the cleavage of replicase polyproteins (pp1a and pp1ab) into functional subunits. Moreover, Mpro is highly conserved among all coronaviruses, thus making it a prominent drug target for antiviral therapy. Here, four crystal structures of HCoV-NL63 Mpro in the apo form at different pH values are reported at resolutions of up to 1.78 Å. Comparison with Mpro from other human betacoronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV reveals common and distinct structural features in different genera and extends knowledge of the diversity, function and evolution of coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haihai Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuelan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People’s Republic of China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fanglin Zhong
- Shenzhen Crystalo Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518118, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Jmerry Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Lin
- Shenzhen Crystalo Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518118, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Jmerry Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Zhai W, Han B, Li D, Duan J, Cheng C. A low-altitude public air route network for UAV management constructed by global subdivision grids. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249680. [PMID: 33852616 PMCID: PMC8046233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With an increasing number of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), the difficulty of UAV management becomes more challenging, especially for low-altitude airspace due to complicated issues of security, privacy and flexibility. Existing management approaches to UAV flights include implementing registration of flight activity for supervision purposes, limiting the maximum flight height, setting different zones for different flight activities and prohibiting flights. In this research, we proposed a new air traffic management method for UAVs based on global subdivision theory. We designed four types of low-altitude air routes from grids, which correspond to grid sizes of 1.85 km, 128 m, 64 m and 32 m. Utilization of the subdivision grids transforms the complex spatial computation problem into a query process in the spatial database, which provides a new approach to UAV management in the fifth-generation (5G) era. We compared the number and data size of stored track records using longitude and latitude and different grid levels, computed time consumption for air route trafficability and simulated UAV flight to verify the feasibility of constructing this type of air traffic highway system. The amount of data storage and time consumption for air route trafficability can be substantially reduced by subdivision. For example, the data size using traditional expressions of latitude and longitude is approximately 1.5 times that of using a 21-level grid, and the time consumption by coordinates is approximately 1.5 times that of subdivision grids at level 21. The results of the simulated experiments indicate that in the 5G environment, gridded airspace can effectively improve the efficiency of UAV trajectory planning and reduce the size of information storage in the airspace environment. Therefore, given the increasing number of UAVs in the future, gridded highways have the potential to provide a foundation for various UAV applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Zhai
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Han
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiexiong Duan
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengqi Cheng
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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