Risk indicators for the severity of erosive wear in deciduous dentition of Mexican schoolchildren aged 5 to 7 years

The objective of this work was to estimate the prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear (ETW), and to identify risk indicators of deciduous dentition of a group of schoolchildren from public schools in Tlalnepantla de Baz, State of Mexico. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 352 schoolchildren from 5 to 7 years old. The severity of the ETW was evaluated using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE). Risk indicators were evaluated through a survey which included food and beverage consumption, consumption habits, vitamin C consumption, gastroesophageal reflux, heartburn, belching, xerostomia, vomiting and teeth grinding. Multinomial logistic regression models were fitted. The prevalence of ETW was 99.7% (n = 351). Regarding severity, 46.6% were at a null/mild level, 27.3% moderate, and 26.1% severe. Males were more likely to present severe ETW (odds ratio (OR) = 2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-3.93; p = 0.005). The risk indicators for the severity of ETW were the frequent consumption of citrus fruits (OR = 2.09, 95% CI, 1.12-3.89; p = 0.021), fruit juice (OR = 1.99, 95% CI, 1.06-3.75; p = 0.033), processed beverages (OR = 2.15, 95% CI, 1.23-3.78; p = 0.008) and hot sauce (OR = 1.82, 95% CI, 1.03-3.20; p = 0.036). The prevalence of ETW in the deciduous dentition was very high (99.7%) and ~1/3 for severe ETW. The dietary factors associated with severe ETW are part of the regular consumption of Mexican school-age children, which impact their oral health condition. It is important to establish intervention strategies from the infant stage, focused on both children and their caregivers.

New craniodental fossils of Paranthropus robustus from Kromdraai, South Africa (2014-2017 excavations)

Since the initial discovery of Paranthropus robustus at the site of Kromdraai in 1938, the hypodigm of this species has been expanded by subsequent work at the localities of Swartkrans and Drimolen, with a few fossils also known from Cooper's D, Gondolin and Sterkfontein Member 5. Beginning in 2014, systematic excavations at Kromdraai uncovered a large and previously unknown fossiliferous area, shedding light on Units O and P in the earliest part of the site's stratigraphic sequence. The aim of this paper is to provide detailed descriptions and illustrations of 30 P. robustus craniodental specimens recovered between 2014 and 2017 within the Unit P deposits at Kromdraai. This new sample predates all prior conspecific specimens found at this site (including the holotype of P. robustus from Kromdraai, TM 1517). Its basic dental morphology dimensions and cranial features are compared in a preliminary analysis with other P. robustus samples. The P. robustus sample from Kromdraai Unit P documents previously unknown portions of the P. robustus juvenile cranium. The new dental and cranial remains aid in the exploration of potential morphological distinctions between site-specific P. robustus samples and are compared favorably in size and morphology with the small P. robustus specimens from Drimolen (e.g., DNH 7). These findings do not support the hypothesis that the specimens from Drimolen belong to a different taxonomic group. Instead, they reinforce the presence of a significant degree of sexual dimorphism within P. robustus. The Kromdraai Unit P specimens also contribute to the biodemographic profile of P. robustus. The notable prevalence of infants (i.e., juvenile individuals before the emergence of their first permanent molars) mirrors the natural mortality profiles observed in wild chimpanzees. This suggests a closer resemblance in the processes of accumulation in Kromdraai Unit P and Drimolen than at Swartkrans.

To Assess the Prevalence of Dental Caries and Its Association with Body Mass Index, Socioeconomic Status, Dietary Habits, and Oral Hygiene among 6-12-year-old Children in Faridabad

Aim

The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of dental caries and the body mass index (BMI) in included school-going children. Moreover, to examine the relationship between the prevalence of dental caries, BMI, and socioeconomic (SES) status and to evaluate sugar consumption and other dietary habits as risk factors for dental caries.

Materials and methods

The present cross-sectional study was performed among 400 school-going children aged 6-12 years from Faridabad city, Haryana. Parents filled out questionnaires for their respective children. The clinical examination of dental caries was performed according to World Health Organization (WHO) 1997. The BMI calculation was done by measuring height and weight.

Statistical analysis

The collected data were analyzed statistically using parametric and nonparametric tests.

Results

The prevalence of dental caries in deciduous teeth was 95.5% and in permanent teeth was 47.3%, respectively.

Conclusion

This study displayed the positive correlation of dental caries to BMI, oral hygiene practices, beverages, aerated drinks, chips, candy, and tea/coffee. Whereas the SES status and dietary habits Jam group variable had no significance in relation to dental caries.

How to cite this article

Kapil D, Saraf BG, Sheoran N, et al. To Assess the Prevalence of Dental Caries and Its Association with Body Mass Index, Socioeconomic Status, Dietary Habits, and Oral Hygiene among 6-12-year-old Children in Faridabad. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(4):626-632.

Ectopic Mandibular Canine with Partial Anodontia - A Rare Case Report

Ectopic eruption of the tooth is a developmental disturbance where the tooth does not erupt in a normal position. This may be due to arch length deficiency or due to, delayed or premature exfoliation of deciduous teeth, or a combination of the above. A total or complete absence of teeth is called true anodontia; if one or more teeth are missing, it is called partial anodontia. It can be syndromic or non-syndromic in occurrence. Here, we present a rare case of non-syndromic partial anodontia and ectopic eruption of permanent mandibular canine in a female patient.

Splinting in the management of dental trauma in the primary dentition: a systematic review

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to gather existing data on the efficacy of tooth splinting (TS) in patients with traumatized primary teeth, evaluating their overall prognosis and reported complications.

METHODS

Electronic searches were performed in seven databases up to Februray/2023. Clinical studies published in the last two decades and presenting the following characteristics were included: (a) reporting on children with traumatized primary teeth; (b) describing the efficacy of splinting those teeth. Studies describing imobilization of dental avulsion were excluded.

RESULTS

A total of 163 potentially relevant studies were initially found. After title/abstract screening, and full-text evaluation, three retrospective studies with moderate to high risk of bias were included. The studies described the outcomes of TS in primary teeth with luxation (intrusion, extrusion, lateral displacement), intra-alveolar root fracture, and/or alveolar fracture. High clinical success rate was observed for teeth with root fracture. Benefits of spliting teeth with lateral luxation were not identified, although it may be a reccomended approach. No study was found evaluating TS for alveolar fracture.

CONCLUSION

Based on a low level of evidence, the findings highlight a better clinical success rate of the use of TS in the management of deciduous teeth with root fractures.

Impact of socioeconomic factors on deciduous teeth eruption among infants born after low-risk pregnancy compared to infants diagnosed with intrauterine growth restriction

AIM

The aim is to assess the impact of socioeconomic factors on deciduous teeth eruption among infants born after low-risk pregnancy and infants diagnosed with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).

MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY

The cross-sectional study included 110 neonates recruited at birth using stratified random sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Neonates diagnosed without IUGR were allocated to Group I (n = 55) and those diagnosed with IUGR were allocated to Group II (n = 55). The perinatal case history was recorded, followed by intraoral examination at birth, 6 months, and monthly up to 1 year or till first evidence of teeth eruption.

RESULTS

The difference between both groups based on socioeconomic status (SES) was found statistically significant (P = 0.043). The first evidence of eruption of deciduous teeth was found delayed in Group II (P = 0.0001). Secondary school education was found statistically significant between both the groups (P = 0.024). The difference between the two groups based on religion (P = 0.353) and gravidity (P = 0.571) was found statistically insignificant.

CONCLUSION

Lower SES and secondary maternal education can be considered statistically significant risk factors of IUGR and delayed deciduous teeth eruption. No correlation of IUGR with religion and gravidity was found.

Sex determination from the pulp tissue of deciduous teeth exposed to natural soil and wet clay - A PCR study

Context

Dental tissue remains are the toughest, and chemically, the most stable tissue in the body. Its high resilience in the events of fire and bacterial decomposition makes them vital for DNA analysis by PCR method.

Aims

Determination of sex of children through molecular analysis of pulp tissue of exfoliated deciduous teeth stored in different media and analyzed after a different time period.

Settings and Design

Sixty samples of deciduous teeth were divided into three groups. Group IA and Group IIA were stored in natural soil and wet clay for 1 month, respectively. Group IB and Group IIB were stored in natural soil and wet clay for 6 months, respectively. Group III was analyzed immediately after extraction.

Methods and Material

Sex determination was carried out in five steps: Pulp tissue removal, DNA isolation, DNA quantification, PCR amplification, Sex determination. X and Y specific chromosomes from each sample were amplified and compared.

Statistical Analysis Used

Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn's test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test.

Results

Group III revealed the highest amount of DNA quantified. Amount of DNA quantified after 6 months of storage in natural soil and wet clay decreased in both the groups with the samples stored in wet clay showing a maximum decrease. Results of the PCR analysis also showed 100% accuracy rate in the samples of Group III.

Conclusions

Sex determination from pulp tissue depends a lot on the quality and quantity of DNA extracted. Sex could be effectively determined among the samples evaluated immediately after extraction. This ability decreases as the storage condition changes and the time period increases. Samples stored in wet clay were found to show the least sex identification ability than dry soil.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding standardized treatment protocol for pulp therapy in deciduous dentition among general dental practitioners of Vadodara, Gujarat, India

INTRODUCTION

Dental caries is the most prevailing disease not only affecting permanent dentition, but also involving deciduous dentition. Deciduous teeth are considered a best space maintainer and preserve arch integrity for eruption of succedaneous permanent teeth. General dental practitioners (GDPs) seem to be less interventionist in their investigation and treatment planning and many times, the treatment done remains incomplete either due to the lack of knowledge of the dentist or due to noncooperation of the child and/or parents.

PURPOSE

The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice among GDPs of Vadodara city regarding standardized treatment protocol (STP) for pulp therapy in deciduous dentition.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding standardized treatment options available for pulp therapy in deciduous dentition. The distribution of the self-made questionnaire pro forma was done in person to all the GDPs after obtaining their prior appointments. The GDPs were grouped on the basis of qualification and total clinical experience in years. The questionnaire consisted of 11 questions. The data were collected, and descriptive statistical analysis was performed. The Chi-square test was used to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice among different groups of GDPs.

RESULTS

A statistically significant difference was observed in knowledge regarding STP for pulp therapy in deciduous dentition among both the groups, which is based on the qualification and on the year of clinical experience.

CONCLUSION

Qualification and years of clinical practice among GDPs affect the knowledge and treatment regarding pulp therapy in deciduous dentition. Most of the GDPs lack knowledge about the STP for pulp therapy in deciduous dentition.

Maximum length of deciduous dentition as an indicator of age during the first year of life: Methodological validation in a contemporary osteological collection

Out of all the available methods for estimating age at death from immature human skeletal remains, those based on odontometric variables of deciduous dentition have proved to be one of the most accurate. The development of odontometric methods has been improved through the creation of documented human osteological collections, allowing their validation in different populations. The present study aims to test the regression equations for age estimation proposed by Liversidge et al. 1993, Irurita Olivares et al. 2014, and Cardoso et al. 2019, on the basis of the maximum length of deciduous teeth in an Argentinian sample of 35 infants of known age at death. The results showed that the absolute mean difference between estimated and chronological age was 5.76±6.33 weeks for Liversidge's method, 5.71±6.41 weeks for Irurita Olivares's method, and 6.79±5.80 for Cardoso's method. It was also found that, for Liversidge's method, the canines provided the most accurate and the least biased estimations. For Irurita Olivares's method, mandibular anterior teeth were the most accurate, while the first mandibular molars offered the least biased estimations. For Cardoso's method, the canines presented the most accurate estimations, while the lateral incisors the least biased ones. Finally, 95% confidence intervals of estimated ages were calculated for each method, finding that Irurita Olivares's method provided the most reliable age estimations when using mandibular central incisors and mandibular first molars.

Three-dimensional evaluation of mandibular volume in patients with cleft lip and palate during the deciduous dentition period

OBJECTIVES

To examine the relationship between mandibular volume and craniofacial morphology in patients with cleft lip and palate using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to compare these findings with control (noncleft) patients undergoing CBCT for other purposes during the deciduous dentition period.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Eighty-four patients were categorized into the unilateral cleft lip and alveolus (UCLA) group (n = 25; mean age, 4.60 ± 0.40 years), unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) group (n = 23; mean age, 4.52 ± 0.39 years), bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) group (n = 22; mean age, 4.54 ± 0.37 years), and control group without cleft (n = 14; mean age, 5.19 ± 0.52 years). Mandibular volume and craniofacial cephalometric measurements were obtained using CBCT. All measurements were assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) using Bonferroni post hoc pairwise comparison tests.

RESULTS

ANCOVA revealed no statistically significant differences in mandibular volume among the groups. SNA° and ANB° were significantly larger in the UCLA and BCLP groups than in the control group. SN-MP° was smallest in the UCLA group. Co-A in the UCLP group was shorter than in the UCLA and BCLP groups. Go-Gn was shortest in the UCLP and BCLP groups compared with the control group.

CONCLUSIONS

Three-dimensional evaluation of craniofacial morphology using CBCT can provide valuable information on malocclusion and other dentoskeletal problems among patients with CLP.

Development of Jaw and Deciduous Teeth in Japanese Children -Comparing Size of Crown and Alveolar Area between Today and 40 Years Ago

The purpose of the present study was to investigate change in the size of the jaw and deciduous teeth in Japanese children over the past 40 years by performing measurements on plaster models of the dental arch obtained from children born between 2007 and 2009 (2000s group) and children born between 1968 and 1974 (70s) group. A total of 61 children were enrolled in the 2000s group, comprising 25 boys (average age, 4 years 5 months) and 36 girls (average age, 4 years 4 months), and 93 children in the 70s group, comprising 45 boys (4 years 6 months) and 48 girls (4 years 4 months). The mesiodistal width of the crown, dental arch width, dental arch length, dental arch height, and available arch length in these groups were measured using a 3D measurement system and the sums of the mesiodistal width of the crown and tooth size-arch length discrepancies calculated. The results of the two groups were statistically compared and the following conclusions reached: the size of deciduous teeth has not changed statistically over the last 40 years; the size of the dental arch has decreased in boys (p<0.01), while remaining approximately the same in girls; and the tooth size-arch length discrepancy has decreased, especially in boys (p<0.01). These results indicate that the interdental spaces of the deciduous dentition have decreased, increasing the risk of crowding in Japanese children.

Anterior crossbite treatment in the primary dentition: Three case reports

Anterior crossbite is characterized by negative horizontal overjet between the jaws, and occurs due to skeletal, functional, and/or dental imbalances. It is often found in primary and mixed dentition stages and causes severe aesthetic, functional, and psychosocial impairment. We report the facial and occlusal effects of maxillary protraction associated with rapid maxillary expansion in three young patients with primary dentition. The proposed treatment plan consisted of protraction and rapid maxillary expansion. The mechanical device chosen was the facial mask combined with a McNamara rapid palatal expander. The anterior crossbite was corrected, and significant facial and cephalometric benefits were obtained. The treatment of maxillary protraction during the deciduous dentition stage, in cases where there is good acceptance and collaboration by patients, provides excellent clinical results and constitutes a viable treatment option.

Caries Preventive Effect of Sodium Fluoride Varnish on Deciduous Dentition: A Clinical Trial

AIM

The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of intensive application of sodium fluoride varnish in reducing caries incidence among children aged 6 to 7 years.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study was a randomized controlled trial conducted among 6- to 7-year-old children of Sangamner, Maharashtra, India. Nearly 200 randomly selected children were randomized into two groups: Control group and intervention (varnish) group. Dental examination to record the caries experiences was conducted at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. The fluoride varnish was applied for three times in a week for a period of 1 year. Mean decayed, missed, and filled teeth (DMFT) were compared between and within groups using t-test.

RESULTS

Out of 200 participants, there were 3 dropouts for control group and 4 for intervention group. Nearly 55% study participants were males and remaining were females. There was a statistically significant difference between the baseline and follow-up caries levels in varnish group for deciduous dentition. Mean caries reduction in this study was 26%.

CONCLUSION

After 1 year of study, we found significant caries reversal in deciduous dentition among the 6- to 7-year-olds after intensive fluoride application. Such a regimen can be advocated to encourage the practitioners and the caregivers alike for early caries prevention.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Intensive fluoride application (three times a week) once a year was found to be effective in reducing the incidence of detectable carious lesions and can be advocated to the dental professionals to be incorporated in their routine preventive clinical practice.

Role of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Evaluation of Radicular Cyst mimicking Dentigerous Cyst in a 7-year-old Child: A Case Report and Literature Review

Aim

To report a rare case of large radicular cyst-associated deciduous tooth and to discuss the importance of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in diagnosing the condition.

Background

Radicular cyst is the most common cyst affecting the permanent teeth, but its occurrence in deciduous teeth is rare. Most of the radicular cysts are asymptomatic and are discovered accidentally when radiographs are taken. Conventional radiographs show two-dimensional images of three-dimensional objects. Cone beam computed tomography provides undistorted three-dimensional information of hard tissues and gives adequate spatial resolution.

Case report

A 7-year-old child, with a complaint of swelling in the maxillary anterior region, was diagnosed with radicular cyst in relation to primary maxillary right central incisor based on CBCT and histopathological features.

Conclusion and clinical significance

Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of radicular cyst in primary dentition is important to prevent damage to permanent tooth.

How to cite this article

Mahesh BS, Shastry SP, Murthy PS, Jyotsna TR. Role of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Evaluation of Radicular Cyst mimicking Dentigerous Cyst in a 7-year-old Child: A Case Report and Literature Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):213-216.

Association between Low blood lead levels and increased risk of dental caries in children: a cross-sectional study

Background

The objective of this study was to examine the association between low blood lead levels of <5 μg/dL and the development of dental caries among children.

Methods

The Children’s Health and Environment Research (CHEER) group recruited a cohort of 7,059 school-aged children from six Korean cities. The final study populations in the permanent and deciduous teeth groups were 1,564 and 1,241 children, respectively, after excluding 4 children with blood lead levels of >5 μg/dL. Compared with the children who did not have dental caries, the risk of having dental caries according to blood lead level was estimated by using the zero-inflated negative binomial model.

Results

The geometric mean (geometric standard deviation, maximum) blood lead level was 1.53 μg/dL (1.57, 4.89 μg/dL), and 74.4% of children had a level of <2 μg/dL. Blood lead level was significantly higher in the children with than in those without deciduous dental caries (1.59 vs. 1.51 μg/dL), similarly with permanent dental caries (1.65 vs. 1.51 μg/dL). After adjustment for covariates, deciduous teeth surfaces that were decayed and filled increased significantly with increasing blood lead levels in a dose-dependent manner (prevalence ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.27). However, the risk of having dental caries in permanent teeth was not linearly associated with the increase in blood lead level.

Conclusions

In the sum of decayed and filled surfaces, we found a significant increase in risk of dental caries of the deciduous teeth with an increase in blood lead levels (<5 μg/dL) but found no statistical significance in the association with decayed and filled surfaces of caries separately.

Is It Possible to induce Artificial Caries-affected Dentin using the Same Protocol to Primary and Permanent Teeth?

AIM

This in vitro study compared the mineral loss of natural and artificially-created caries-affected dentin in primary and permanent teeth using the same protocol to induce caries lesions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Twenty molars presenting natural occlusal dentin caries lesions (10 primary-PriC and 10 perma-nent-PermC; control group), and 20 sound molars (10 primary -PripH and 10 permanent-PermpH; experimental group), were selected. Occlusal cavities were prepared in teeth of the experimental group that were submitted to pH-cycling for 14 days to simulate caries-affected dentin. All specimens were longitudinally sectioned and prepared in order to obtain Knoop micro-hardness values from 15 to 250 urn depth, starting in bottom of center of natural lesions or cavities. The microhardness (KHN) data were submitted to three-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's tests (α = 0.05).

RESULTS

Considering all depths, there was no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between the mineral loss of the control (PriC = 30.9 ± 6.4 and PermC = 40.8 ± 8.6) and experimental (PripH = 27.3 ± 11.1 and PermpH = 35.5 ± 14.0) groups, neither between primary and permanent teeth.

CONCLUSION

The mineral loss of the artificially-created caries-affected dentin is similar to that from naturally developed dentin caries lesions.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

The pH-cycling model may be a suitable method to simulate caries-affected dentin in both permanent and primary teeth.

Pulpotomy Medicaments used in Deciduous Dentition: An Update

The aim of this paper was to review the history and the scientific literature published on pulpotomy medicaments and to present the findings of these studies. The review showed that pulpotomy of primary teeth has been treated with many different techniques and medicaments, that some of these approaches are controversial and that their results have presented variables of success rates in term of clinical, radiographic and histologic observation. It is important that all clinicians, particularly for pediatric dentists, be up to date with the recent trends in this area of dental treatment for children.

Enamel thickness variation of deciduous first and second upper molars in modern humans and Neanderthals

Enamel thickness and dental tissue proportions have been recognized as effective taxonomic discriminators between Neanderthal and modern humans teeth. However, most of the research on this topic focused on permanent teeth, and little information is available for the deciduous dentition. Moreover, although worn teeth are more frequently found than unworn teeth, published data for worn teeth are scarce and methods for the assessment of their enamel thickness need to be developed. Here, we addressed this issue by studying the 2D average enamel thickness (AET) and 2D relative enamel thickness (RET) of Neanderthal and modern humans unworn to moderately worn upper first deciduous molars (dm(1)s) and upper second deciduous molars (dm(2)s). In particular, we used 3D μCT data to investigate the mesial section for dm(1)s and both mesial and buccal sections for dm(2)s. Our results confirmed previous findings of an Neanderthal derived condition of thin enamel, and thinner enamel in dm(1)s than dm(2)s in both Neanderthal and modern humans. We demonstrated that the Neanderthal 2D RET indices are significantly lower than those of modern humans at similar wear stages in both dm(1)s and dm(2)s (p < 0.05). The discriminant analysis showed that using 2D RET from dm(1) and dm(2) sections at different wear stages up to 93% of the individuals are correctly classified. Moreover, we showed that the dm(2) buccal sections, although non-conventionally used, might have an advantage on mesial sections since they distinguish as well as mesial sections but tend to be less worn. Therefore, the 2D analysis of enamel thickness is suggested as a means for taxonomic discrimination between modern humans and Neanderthal unworn to moderately worn upper deciduous molars.

Bilateral supernumerary teeth in deciduous dentition-a rarity

Supernumerary teeth are considered as one of the most significant dental anomalies during the primary and early mixed dentition stages. They are of great concern to the dentists and parents because of the eruption, occlusal, and esthetic problems they can cause. Supernumerary teeth occur more frequently in the permanent dentition but rarely in primary dentition and more often seen in males. A supernumerary tooth in the primary dentition can cause ectopic or delayed eruption of permanent central incisors which will further alter occlusion and may compromise esthetics and formation of dentigerous cysts. Here we discuss a case of bilateral supernumerary teeth in deciduous dentition in a female child.

Molariform mesiodens in primary dentition: a case report

A supernumerary tooth is a developmental anomaly and it has been argued to arise from multiple aetiologies. Mesiodens is a midline supernumerary tooth which is commonly seen in the maxillary arch, and incidence of molariform mesiodens in the maxillary midline is rare in permanent dentition and extremely uncommon in primary dentition. A midline supernumerary tooth in the primary dentition can cause an ectopic or a delayed eruption of permanent central incisors, which will further alter occlusion and may compromise aesthetics and formation of dentigerous cysts. This paper reports a rare case which had the presence of a molariform mesiodens in the primary dentition. The treatment plan consisted of extraction of the supernumerary tooth and regular observation of permanent central incisors for proper eruption and alignment.

Prevalence of dental attrition in in vitro fertilization children of West Bengal

CONTEXT:

Dental attrition is one of the problems affecting the tooth structure. It may affect both in vitro fertilization (IVF) and spontaneously conceived children.

AIMS:

This study was aimed to evaluate and to compare the prevalence of dental attrition in deciduous dentition of IVF and spontaneously conceived children.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

In a cross-sectional case control study dental attrition status of 3-5 years old children were assessed. The case group consisted of term, singleton babies who were the outcome of IVF in the studied area in 2009.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

The control group consisted of term, first child, singleton and spontaneously conceived 3-5 years old children who were also resident of the studied area. A sample of 153 IVF and 153 spontaneously conceived children was examined according to Hansson and Nilner classification.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

Statistical analysis was carried out using Chi-square tests (χ² ) or Z test.

RESULTS:

No statistically significant difference found in studied (IVF children) and control group (spontaneously conceived children).

CONCLUSIONS:

IVF children are considered same as spontaneously conceived children when studied in relation to dental attrition status.

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta : A Family which was Affected for Over Three Generations

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta (DI) or hereditary opalescent dentin is inherited in a simple autosomal dominant mode with high penetrance and low mutation rates. It generally affects both the deciduous and the permanent dentitions. DI corresponds to a localized form of mesodermal dysplasia which is observed in the histo-differentiation. An early diagnosis and treatment are therefore fundamental, which aim at obtaining a favourable prognosis, since at late intervention makes the treatment more complex. We are presenting here a case of DI in which the disease affected the three generations of a family in India.

Amelogenesis Imperfecta: Full Mouth Rehabilitation in Deciduous Dentition

This clinical report describes the oral rehabilitation of a very young child diagnosed with hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta. The specific treatment objectives being adequate patient management, eliminate tooth sensitivity while enhancing esthetics, masticatory function and improved self confidence. The treatment included full mouth rehabilitation with stainless steel crowns on posterior teeth and indirect composite veneers on anterior teeth.