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Blank-Landeshammer B, Schwarzinger B, Arnaut V, Gramatte T, Drotarova I, Feichtinger M, Röhrl C, Weghuber J. Targeted and untargeted screening of a plant extract library established from raw materials originating from Upper Austria. Food Chem 2024; 451:139419. [PMID: 38677134 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Plant extracts rich in phytochemicals are known for their health benefits. Plant extract library from edible plants obtained from the region of Upper Austria was prepared. Food grade extraction procedures were applied, and relevant physico-chemical parameters measured. A focus on polyphenolic compounds revealed a significant correlation between the total phenolic content (measured by a colorimetric assay) and the cumulated concentration of main individual polyphenols (measured by HPLC-DAD), demonstrating the comparability of these parameters. Targeted screening was performed by HPLC-FLD and -MS for the presence of phytomelatonin. 20 extracts were identified with concentrations of up to 1.4 µg/mL of this phytochemical, which attracts much attention from the food industry. Finally, chemometric methods were employed to cluster extracts based on their phenolic compound profile. This approach allows for an informed preselection of extracts without the need for comprehensive chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Blank-Landeshammer
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria; FFoQSI GmbH - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Technopark 1D, Tulln 3430, Austria.
| | - Bettina Schwarzinger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria; FFoQSI GmbH - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Technopark 1D, Tulln 3430, Austria.
| | - Verena Arnaut
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria.
| | - Theresa Gramatte
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria.
| | - Ivana Drotarova
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria.
| | - Michaela Feichtinger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria.
| | - Clemens Röhrl
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria.
| | - Julian Weghuber
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria; FFoQSI GmbH - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Technopark 1D, Tulln 3430, Austria.
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Li X, Zang N, Zhang N, Pang L, Lv L, Meng X, Lv X, Leng J. DNA damage resulting from human endocrine disrupting chemical exposure: Genotoxicity, detection and dietary phytochemical intervention. Chemosphere 2023; 338:139522. [PMID: 37478996 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has posed an increasing threat to human health. EDCs are major risk factors in the occurrence and development of many diseases. Continuous DNA damage triggers severe pathogenic consequences, such as cancer. Beyond their effects on the endocrine system, EDCs genotoxicity is also worthy of attention, owing to the high accessibility and bioavailability of EDCs. This review investigates and summarizes nearly a decade of DNA damage studies on EDC exposure, including DNA damage mechanisms, detection methods, population marker analysis, and the application of dietary phytochemicals. The aims of this review are (1) to systematically summarize the genotoxic effects of environmental EDCs (2) to comprehensively summarize cutting-edge measurement methods, thus providing analytical solutions for studies on EDC exposure; and (3) to highlight critical data on the detoxification and repair effects of dietary phytochemicals. Dietary phytochemicals decrease genotoxicity by playing a major role in the detoxification system, and show potential therapeutic effects on human diseases caused by EDC exposure. This review may support research on environmental toxicology and alternative chemo-prevention for human EDC exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Li
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Ningzi Zang
- Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110847, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Lijian Pang
- Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110847, China
| | - Ling Lv
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Xiansheng Meng
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Xiaodong Lv
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Jiapeng Leng
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China.
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Manogaran P, Beeraka NM, Paulraj RS, Sathiyachandran P, T M. Impediment of cancer by dietary plant-derived alkaloids through oxidative stress: Implications of PI3K/AKT pathway in apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. Curr Top Med Chem 2023:CTMC-EPUB-128765. [PMID: 36635931 DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666230111154537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The adverse toxicities and stemness are two major factors that constrained the usage of therapeutic strategies to target several cancer types. Previous studies explored the efficacy of PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, pan-PI3K inhibitors, and isoform-specific inhibitors against several cancer types, and many of them are currently in clinical trials. The current review described the efficacy of alkaloids derived from dietary plant sources in developing a new anti-cancer to reduce the prevalence of cancer through the modulation of apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. We have substantially collected the information pertinent to several intracellular pathways, including PI3K signaling, apoptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy in modulating cancer progression mediated by the plant-derived alkaloids such as daurisoline, dauricine, vasicine, vasicinone, 2-Acetyl-benzylamine, nuciferine, liensinine, gramine, and berbamine. These alkaloids exhibit significant anti-cancer potential to inhibit cancer cells by enhancing the intracellular ROS level and modulation of several signaling pathways, mainly through the PI3K/AKT pathway. These alkaloids can modulate chemotherapeutic agents' efficacy in various cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo models. Overall the futures for the continued use of alkaloids from natural sources against cancer have to be extended, with the implementation of significant enhancements in the chemistry of these alkaloids for targeted delivery. In this review, we have selected major bioactive alkaloids of dietary and medicinal plants origin and discussed the anti-cancer and combinatorial therapeutic implications of these compounds with several FDA-approved drugs against various cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasath Manogaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India-541046
| | - Narasimha M Beeraka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.,Department of Human Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Raja Singh Paulraj
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Madras, Chennai, India-600005
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Wu S, Liao X, Zhu Z, Huang R, Chen M, Huang A, Zhang J, Wu Q, Wang J, Ding Y. Antioxidant and anti-inflammation effects of dietary phytochemicals: The Nrf2/NF-κB signalling pathway and upstream factors of Nrf2. Phytochemistry 2022; 204:113429. [PMID: 36096269 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is created by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant levels. OS promotes inflammation and is associated with many diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Nrf2 and NF-κB are critical in the cellular defence against OS and the regulators of inflammatory responses, respectively. Recent studies revealed that the Nrf2 signalling pathway interacts with the NF-κB signalling pathway in OS. More importantly, many natural compounds have long been recognized to ameliorate OS and inflammation via the Nrf2 and/or NF-κB signalling pathway. Thus, we briefly overview the potential crosstalk between Nrf2 and NF-κB and the upstream regulators of Nrf2 and review the literature on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of dietary phytochemicals (DPs) that can activate these defence systems. The aim is to provide evidence for the development of DPs into functional food for the regulation of the Nrf2/NF-κB signalling pathway by upstream regulators of Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujian Wu
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510070, China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiyu Liao
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510070, China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhenjun Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510070, China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510070, China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Aohuan Huang
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510070, China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Samanta SK, Choudhury P, Sarma PP, Gogoi B, Gogoi N, Devi R. Dietary phytochemicals/nutrients as promising protector of breast cancer development: a comprehensive analysis. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:583-601. [PMID: 35661126 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Genetic change, particularly epigenetic alteration, is one of the imperative factors for sporadic breast cancer development in the worldwide population of women. The DNA methylation process is essential and natural for human cellular renewal and tissue homeostasis, but its dysregulation contributes to many pathological changes, including breast tumorigenesis. Chemopreventive agents mainly protect the abnormal DNA methylation either by hindering the division of pre-malignant cells or looming the DNA damage, which leads to malignancy. The present review article is about understanding the potential role of dietary phytochemicals in breast cancer prevention. Accordingly, a literature search of the published article until August 2021 has been performed. Further, we have investigated the binding affinity of different phytochemicals isolated from diverse dietary sources against the various oncogenic proteins related to breast cancer initiation to understand the common target(s) in breast cancer prevention mechanisms. Various small phytochemicals, especially dietary phytochemicals including sulforaphane, mahanine, resveratrol, linolenic acid, diallyl sulfide, benzyl/phenethyl isothiocyanate, etc. are being investigated as the chemopreventive agent to manage breast cancer development, and some of them have shown promising outcomes in the cited research. In this present review, we discuss the recent advancement in acceptance of such types of potential dietary phytochemicals as a chemopreventive agent against breast cancer development and their inner lining mechanism. The critical clinical trials and cohort studies have also been considered to understand the progress in contemporary perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Samanta
- Traditional and Modern Drug Discovery and Diseases Diagnosis Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India.
| | - Paramita Choudhury
- Traditional and Modern Drug Discovery and Diseases Diagnosis Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India
| | - Partha Pratim Sarma
- Traditional and Modern Drug Discovery and Diseases Diagnosis Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India
| | - Bhaskarjyoti Gogoi
- Department of Biotechnology, The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India
| | - Neelutpal Gogoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
| | - Rajlakshmi Devi
- Traditional and Modern Drug Discovery and Diseases Diagnosis Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India.
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Sudheer S, Gangwar P, Usmani Z, Sharma M, Sharma VK, Sana SS, Almeida F, Dubey NK, Singh DP, Dilbaghi N, Khayat Kashani HR, Gupta VK, Singh BN, Khayatkashani M, Nabavi SM. Shaping the gut microbiota by bioactive phytochemicals: An emerging approach for the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Biochimie 2021:S0300-9084(21)00247-9. [PMID: 34688789 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The human digestive tract is the cottage to trillions of live microorganisms, which regulate health and illness. A healthy Gut Microbiota (GM) is necessary for preventing microbial growth, body growth, obesity, cancer, diabetes, and enhancing immunity. The equilibrium in GM's composition and the presence/absence of critical species enable specific responses to be essential for the host's better health condition. Research evidences revealed that the dietary plants and their bioactive phytochemicals (BPs) play an extensive and critical role in shaping the GM to get beneficial health effects. BPs are also known to improve gastrointestinal health and reduce the risk of several diseases by modulating GM-mediated cellular and molecular processes. Regular intake of BPs-rich vegetables, fruits, and herbal preparations promotes probiotic bacteria, including Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus species, while inhibiting unwanted gut residents' development Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium etc. Upon consumption, BPs contact the GM that gets transformed before being absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Biotransformation of BPs by GM is linked with the enhancement of bioactivity/toxicity diminishment of the BPs compared to parental phytochemicals. Therefore, the current review focuses on the role of BPs in shaping GM for the prevention and treatment of human diseases.
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Al-Yozbaki M, Jabre I, Syed NH, Wilson CM. Targeting DNA methyltransferases in non-small-cell lung cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 83:77-87. [PMID: 33486076 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advances in treatment using chemotherapy or targeted therapies, due to static survival rates, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Epigenetic-based therapies have been developed for NSCLC by targeting DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone-modifying enzymes. However, treatment using single epigenetic agents on solid tumours has been inadequate; whereas, treatment with a combination of DNMTs inhibitors with chemotherapy and immunotherapy has shown great promise. Dietary sources of phytochemicals could also inhibit DNMTs and cancer stem cells, representing a novel and promising way to prevent and treat cancer. Herein, we will discuss the different DNMTs, DNA methylation profiling in NSCLC as well as current demethylating agents in ongoing clinical trials. Therefore, providing a concise overview of future developments in the field of epigenetic therapy in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minnatallah Al-Yozbaki
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
| | - Ibtissam Jabre
- Dept. of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Naeem H Syed
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
| | - Cornelia M Wilson
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK; University of Liverpool, Institute of Translation Medicine, Dept of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, UK.
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Pang S, Jia M, Gao J, Liu X, Guo W, Zhang H. Effects of dietary patterns combined with dietary phytochemicals on breast cancer metastasis. Life Sci 2021; 264:118720. [PMID: 33157089 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Dietary phytochemicals and diet types (e.g., the Mediterranean diet) have been shown to have anti-cancer properties. However, the effects of combined treatment with dietary phytochemicals and different diet types on primary and metastatic tumor growth have yet to be investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of phytochemicals combined with diet types on breast cancer metastasis. MAIN METHODS The inhibitory effects on breast cancer metastasis of three phytochemicals (allicin, hesperidin, astragalus polysaccharides) and two diet types (Mediterranean diet, restricted diet), separately or in combination, were evaluated based on: (i) detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using an in vivo capture method; and (ii) primary tumor growth. KEY FINDINGS All dietary factors significantly inhibited the growth of primary tumors and metastases, with combinations showing enhancing the effects. SIGNIFICANCE Dietary phytochemicals and diet types should be further evaluated as adjunct therapies and lifestyle modifications in cancer patients. Furthermore, the in vivo CTC capture method allows dynamic monitoring of cancer metastasis over time, providing a useful approach to evaluating treatment effects in real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxue Pang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Min Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Jianxin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Wenhui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China.
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Freire-Cobo C, Wang J. Dietary phytochemicals modulate experience-dependent changes in Neurexin gene expression and alternative splicing in mice after chronic variable stress exposure. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 883:173362. [PMID: 32663544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neurexins (NRXNs) are cell-adhesion molecules important in the formation and remodeling of neural circuits. It has been shown that aversive environmental stimuli can affect the expression pattern of Neurexin genes (Nrxns) impacting the regulation of synaptic strength. Accumulated evidence suggests that, after chronic exposure to psychological stress, the triggered changes in gene expression and splicing patterns of Nrxns may be involved in aversive conditioning. Previously, we have demonstrated that a novel treatment using dietary phytochemicals can modulate the response to chronic variable stress (CVS) in mice. Here, we aimed to further investigate the long-term plasticity changes after CVS by focusing on the regulation of NRXNs at synapses. We found that CVS differentially triggers the region-specific gene expression of Nrxns in mice Nucleus Accumbens (NAc) and Hippocampus (HIPP). The prophylactic treatment with the combination of two phytochemicals dihydrocaffeic acid (DHCA) and Malvidin-3-O-glucoside (Mal-gluc) differentially modulated the stress-induced effects on Nrxn1 and 3 mRNA expression in these brain areas and promoted the alternative splicing of Nrxn3 in HIPP. Overall, our data supports the prophylactic effect of dietary phytochemicals in the restoration of stress-induced plasticity changes in mouse brain. By intervening in activity-dependent plasticity at synapses, these compounds may attenuate the effects of chronic aversive conditioning. We propose that an early therapeutic intervention may help with disorders of negative affect, such as depression or post-traumatic stress disorder. Our future studies will address how DHCA/Mal-gluc might serve as a potential complement for current therapies in depression and other mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Freire-Cobo
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
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Eslami O, Khoshgoo M, Shidfar F. Dietary phytochemical index and overweight/obesity in children: a cross-sectional study. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:132. [PMID: 32138761 PMCID: PMC7059655 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-04979-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between the dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and overweight/obesity in children. This cross-sectional study was comprised of 356 children aged 7 to 10 years-old study in the city of Tehran, Iran. The dietary intake of participants was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The DPI was calculated based on the daily energy derived from phytochemical-rich foods. The definition of overweight and obesity was based on the criteria developed by the US Chronic Disease Center for prevention and health promotion. RESULTS The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 35.1%. The mean (standard deviation) of the DPI was 14.25 (4.13), 24.12 (2.64), 35.41 (3.62) and 61.52 (16.47) in the first, second, third and fourth quartiles (Q), respectively. Subjects in the higher quartiles of DPI had a significantly higher intake of dietary fiber, vitamin C, and potassium compared to those in the lower quartiles. In the multiple regression analysis, subjects in the highest quartile of DPI had significantly lower odds of being overweight/obese compared to those in the first quartile [odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals for Q4 vs. Q1: 0.47 (0.25, 0.87); P for trend = 0.02].
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Eslami
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Khoshgoo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Liskova A, Stefanicka P, Samec M, Smejkal K, Zubor P, Bielik T, Biskupska-Bodova K, Kwon TK, Danko J, Büsselberg D, Adamek M, Rodrigo L, Kruzliak P, Shleikin A, Kubatka P. Dietary phytochemicals as the potential protectors against carcinogenesis and their role in cancer chemoprevention. Clin Exp Med 2020; 20:173-90. [PMID: 32016615 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00611-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Health-threatening consequences of carcinogen exposure are mediated via occurrence of electrophiles or reactive oxygen species. As a result, the accumulation of biomolecular damage leads to the cancer initiation, promotion or progression. Accordingly, there is an association between lifestyle factors including inappropriate diet or carcinogen formation during food processing, mainstream, second or third-hand tobacco smoke and other environmental or occupational carcinogens and malignant transformation. Nevertheless, increasing evidence supports the protective effects of naturally occurring phytochemicals against carcinogen exposure as well as carcinogenesis in general. Isolated phytochemicals or their mixtures present in the whole plant food demonstrate efficacy against malignancy induced by carcinogens widely spread in our environment. Phytochemicals also minimize the generation of carcinogenic substances during the processing of meat and meat products. Based on numerous data, selected phytochemicals or plant foods should be highly recommended to become a stable and regular part of the diet as the protectors against carcinogenesis.
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Greco S, Islam MS, Zannotti A, Delli Carpini G, Giannubilo SR, Ciavattini A, Petraglia F, Ciarmela P. Quercetin and indole-3-carbinol inhibit extracellular matrix expression in human primary uterine leiomyoma cells. Reprod Biomed Online 2020; 40:593-602. [PMID: 32276890 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the effect of quercetin and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) on extracellular matrix expression, cell migration and proliferation in human myometrial and uterine leiomyoma cells. DESIGN Myometrial and leiomyoma cells were treated with quercetin or I3C at different concentrations (10 µg/ml; 50 µg/ml; 100 µg/ml; and 250 µg/ml) for 48 h to measure mRNA and protein expressions of extracellular matrix (collagen 1A1, fibronectin and versican), as well as cell migration and the proliferation rate. RESULTS Quercetin decreased mRNA levels of collagen 1A1 in myometrial (P < 0.0001) and leiomyoma cells (P < 0.0001). Quercetin reduced mRNA and protein levels of fibronectin in myometrial cells (P < 0.05) and fibronectin protein in leiomyoma cells (P < 0.05). I3C reduced collagen 1A1 mRNA levels in myometrial (P < 0.05) and leiomyoma cells at higher dose (P < 0.05). The protein levels of fibronectin were also reduced in both myometrial and leiomyoma cells with highest dose of I3C (P < 0.05), although mRNA levels were not affected in leiomyoma cells. Neither quercetin nor I3C treatment altered versican mRNA levels in both cell types. A significant reduction of the migration of both myometrial and leiomyoma cells in response to quercetin was observed (P < 0.05) and I3C (P < 0.05 for myometrial and P < 0.01 for leiomyoma cells) treatment. Both quercetin and I3C significantly reduced myometrial cell proliferation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The in-vitro anti-fibrotic, anti-migratory and anti-proliferative effects of quercetin and I3C form the scientific basis for developing new therapeutic, preventive agents, or both, for uterine leiomyomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Greco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 via Tronto 10/a Ancona, Italy
| | - Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 via Tronto 10/a Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zannotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 via Tronto 10/a Ancona, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Molecular and Developmental, Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy
| | - Giovanni Delli Carpini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Molecular and Developmental, Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy
| | - Stefano Raffaele Giannubilo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Molecular and Developmental, Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Molecular and Developmental, Medicine, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 via Tronto 10/a Ancona, Italy.
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Fernando W, Rupasinghe HPV, Hoskin DW. Dietary phytochemicals with anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant activities: A double-edged sword in relation to adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy? Cancer Lett 2019; 452:168-177. [PMID: 30910593 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Many advances have been made in the development and introduction of new anti-cancer drugs to the clinic. However, limited attention has been paid to improving the efficacy of currently available treatments through complementary phytochemical interventions that affect cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which are important for the etiology of certain cancers and the effectiveness of radiotherapy and some chemotherapy. In this regard, the maintenance of redox homeostasis may be influenced by the intake of anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant compounds from dietary sources. Interestingly, certain dietary phytochemicals exhibit both anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant activities, depending on their concentration and cellular microenvironment. There is evidence that concurrent administration of some dietary phytochemicals enhances the efficacy of certain cancer treatments by increasing intracellular ROS accumulation. Paradoxically, consumption of the same dietary phytochemicals under conditions that result in the scavenging of ROS might also negatively affect the outcome of ROS-dependent cancer treatments. This review discusses the potential impact of consuming dietary phytochemicals with anti-oxidant and/or pro-oxidant activities on the effectiveness of concurrent chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasundara Fernando
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada.
| | - David W Hoskin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Afrin S, Giampieri F, Gasparrini M, Forbes-Hernández TY, Cianciosi D, Reboredo-Rodriguez P, Zhang J, Manna PP, Daglia M, Atanasov AG, Battino M. Dietary phytochemicals in colorectal cancer prevention and treatment: A focus on the molecular mechanisms involved. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 38:107322. [PMID: 30476540 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major cancer type and leading cause of death. Unfortunately, current medical treatments are not sufficient due to lack of effective therapy, adverse side effects, chemoresistance and disease recurrence. In recent decades, epidemiologic observations have highlighted the association between the ingestion of several phytochemical-enriched foods and nutrients and the lower risk of CRC. According to preclinical studies, dietary phytochemicals exert chemopreventive effects on CRC by regulating different markers and signaling pathways; additionally, the gut microbiota plays a role as vital effector in CRC onset and progression, therefore, any dietary alterations in it may affect CRC occurrence. A high number of studies have displayed a key role of growth factors and their signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of CRC. Indeed, the efficiency of dietary phytochemicals to modulate carcinogenic processes through the alteration of different molecular targets, such as Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK (p38, JNK and Erk1/2), EGFR/Kras/Braf, TGF-β/Smad2/3, STAT1-STAT3, NF-кB, Nrf2 and cyclin-CDK complexes, has been proven, whereby many of these targets also represent the backbone of modern drug discovery programs. Furthermore, epigenetic analysis showed modified or reversed aberrant epigenetic changes exerted by dietary phytochemicals that led to possible CRC prevention or treatment. Therefore, our aim is to discuss the effects of some common dietary phytochemicals that might be useful in CRC as preventive or therapeutic agents. This review will provide new guidance for research, in order to identify the most studied phytochemicals, their occurrence in foods and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of dietary phytochemicals for the prevention or treatment of CRC by targeting several genes and signaling pathways, as well as epigenetic modifications. In addition, the results obtained by recent investigations aimed at improving the production of these phytochemicals in genetically modified plants have been reported. Overall, clinical data on phytochemicals against CRC are still not sufficient and therefore the preventive impacts of dietary phytochemicals on CRC development deserve further research so as to provide additional insights for human prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Afrin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Dept. of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo Campus, Vigo, (Spain); Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Tamara Y Forbes-Hernández
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Dept. of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo Campus, Vigo, (Spain)
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Patricia Reboredo-Rodriguez
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Dept. of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo Campus, Vigo, (Spain)
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Piera Pia Manna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Atanas Georgiev Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna 1090, Austria; Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A Street, Jastrzebiec 05-552, Poland.
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Dept. of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo Campus, Vigo, (Spain); Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy.
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15
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Sayeed MA, Bracci M, Lucarini G, Lazzarini R, Di Primio R, Santarelli L. Regulation of microRNA using promising dietary phytochemicals: Possible preventive and treatment option of malignant mesothelioma. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:1197-1224. [PMID: 28841784 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a very aggressive, lethal cancer, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Development of multi-drug resistance, therapy related side-effects, and disease recurrence after therapy are the major problems for the successful treatment of MM. Emerging evidence indicates that dietary phytochemicals can exert anti-cancer activities by regulating microRNA expression. Until now, only one dietary phytochemical (ursolic acid) has been reported to have MM microRNA regulatory ability. A large number of dietary phytochemicals still remain to be tested. In this paper, we have introduced some dietary phytochemicals (curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, genistein, pterostilbene, resveratrol, capsaicin, ellagic acid, benzyl isothiocyanate, phenethyl isothiocyanate, sulforaphane, indole-3-carbinol, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, diallyl disulphide, betulinic acid, and oleanolic acid) which have shown microRNA regulatory activities in various cancers and could regulate MM microRNAs. In addition to microRNA regulatory activities, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, genistein, resveratrol, phenethyl isothiocyanate, and sulforaphane have anti-mesothelioma potentials, and pterostilbene, capsaicin, ellagic acid, benzyl isothiocyanate, indole-3-carbinol, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, diallyl disulphide, betulinic acid, and oleanolic acid have potentials to inhibit cancer by regulating the expression of various genes which are also known to be aberrant in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abu Sayeed
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60126, Italy.
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60126, Italy
| | - Guendalina Lucarini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60126, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lazzarini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60126, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Primio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60126, Italy
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60126, Italy
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16
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Megna BW, Carney PR, Kennedy GD. Intestinal inflammation and the diet: Is food friend or foe? World J Gastrointest Surg 2016; 8:115-123. [PMID: 26981185 PMCID: PMC4770165 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v8.i2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal illness of autoimmune origin affecting millions across the globe. The most common subtypes include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease. While many medical treatments for IBD exist, none come without the risk of significant immunosuppression and in general do not have benign side effect profiles. Surgical intervention exists only as radical resection for medically refractory UC. There exists a dire need for novel treatments that target the inherent pathophysiologic disturbances of IBD, rather than global immune suppression. One avenue of investigation that could provide such an agent is the interaction between certain dietary elements and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). The AHR is a cytosolic transcription factor with a rich history in environmental toxicant handling, however, recently a role has emerged for the AHR as a modulator of the gastrointestinal immune system. Studies have come to elucidate these effects to include the enhancement of Th cell subset differentiation, interactions between enteric flora and the luminal wall, and modulation of inflammatory interleukin and cytokine signaling. This review highlights advancements in our understanding of AHR activity in the digestive tract and how this stimulation may be wrought by certain dietary “micronutriceuticals”, namely indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and its derivatives. Greater clarity surrounding these dynamics could lead to a novel diet-derived agonist of the AHR which is not only non-toxic, but also efficacious in the amelioration of clinical IBD.
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17
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Maru GB, Hudlikar RR, Kumar G, Gandhi K, Mahimkar MB. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer prevention by dietary phytochemicals: From experimental models to clinical trials. World J Biol Chem 2016; 7:88-99. [PMID: 26981198 PMCID: PMC4768127 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v7.i1.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoprevention is one of the cancer prevention approaches wherein natural/synthetic agent(s) are prescribed with the aim to delay or disrupt multiple pathways and processes involved at multiple steps, i.e., initiation, promotion, and progression of cancer. Amongst environmental chemopreventive compounds, diet/beverage-derived components are under evaluation, because of their long history of exposure to humans, high tolerability, low toxicity, and reported biological activities. This compilation briefly covers and compares the available evidence on chemopreventive efficacy and probable mechanism of chemoprevention by selected dietary phytochemicals (capsaicin, curcumin, diallyl sulphide, genistein, green/black tea polyphenols, indoles, lycopene, phenethyl isocyanate, resveratrol, retinoids and tocopherols) in experimental systems and clinical trials. All the dietary phytochemicals covered in this review have demonstrated chemopreventive efficacy against spontaneous or carcinogen-induced experimental tumors and/or associated biomarkers and processes in rodents at several organ sites. The observed anti-initiating, anti-promoting and anti-progression activity of dietary phytochemicals in carcinogen-induced experimental models involve phytochemical-mediated redox changes, modulation of enzymes and signaling kinases resulting to effects on multiple genes and cell signaling pathways. Results from clinical trials using these compounds have not shown them to be chemopreventive. This may be due to our: (1) inability to reproduce the exposure conditions, i.e., levels, complexity, other host and lifestyle factors; and (2) lack of understanding about the mechanisms of action and agent-mediated toxicity in several organs and physiological processes in the host. Current research efforts in addressing the issues of exposure conditions, bioavailability, toxicity and the mode of action of dietary phytochemicals may help address the reason for observed mismatch that may ultimately lead to identification of new chemopreventive agents for protection against broad spectrum of exposures.
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18
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Kasala ER, Bodduluru LN, Barua CC, Sriram CS, Gogoi R. Benzo(a)pyrene induced lung cancer: Role of dietary phytochemicals in chemoprevention. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:996-1009. [PMID: 26398396 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the major cause of overall cancer deaths, and chemoprevention is a promising strategy to control this disease. Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P], a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is one among the principal constituents of tobacco smoke that plays a key role in lung carcinogenesis. The B(a)P induced lung cancer in mice offers a relevant model to study the effect of natural products and has been widely used by many researchers and found considerable success in ameliorating the pathophysiological changes of lung cancer. Currently available synthetic drugs that constitute the pharmacological armamentarium are themselves effective in managing the condition but not without setbacks. These hunches have accelerated the requisite for natural products, which may be used as dietary supplement to prevent the progress of lung cancer. Besides, these agents also supplement the conventional treatment and offer better management of the condition with less side effects. In the context of soaring interest toward dietary phytochemicals as newer pharmacological interventions for lung cancer, in the present review, we are attempting to give a silhouette of mechanisms of B(a)P induced lung carcinogenesis and the role of dietary phytochemicals in chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshvendar Reddy Kasala
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India.
| | - Lakshmi Narendra Bodduluru
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Chandana C Barua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Chandra Shekhar Sriram
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Ranadeep Gogoi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
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Abu-Reidah IM, del Mar Contreras M, Arráez-Román D, Fernández-Gutiérrez A, Segura-Carretero A. UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS-based metabolic profiling of Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae) seeds as a key strategy for characterization in foodomics. Electrophoresis 2015; 35:1571-81. [PMID: 24658881 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Vicia faba (Fabaceae) is a popular food in many countries and a good source of nutrients. However, little is known about its phytochemical composition, specially referring to phenolic compounds. In the present work, the dietary metabolites from a hydro-methanolic extract of V. faba seeds were thoroughly characterized by a nontargeted analytical approach based on reversed-phase ultra-HPLC (UHPLC) coupled to QTOF-MS. A total of 155 primary and secondary metabolites of various structural types were characterized: carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, alkaloids, terpenoids, jasmonates, and, mainly, polyphenols. Among the latter group, 73 compounds were characterized for the first time in this legume. In addition, 24 new structures, belonging to jasmonates and glycosylated N-containing compounds, were also proposed. Thus, this methodology could be implemented in foodomics as a characterization strategy to complement the knowledge of the phytochemical composition of vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M Abu-Reidah
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Functional Food Research and Development Centre (CIDAF), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain; Biodiversity & Environmental Research Center (BERC), Til, Nablus, Palestine
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Islam MS, Akhtar MM, Ciavattini A, Giannubilo SR, Protic O, Janjusevic M, Procopio AD, Segars JH, Castellucci M, Ciarmela P. Use of dietary phytochemicals to target inflammation, fibrosis, proliferation, and angiogenesis in uterine tissues: promising options for prevention and treatment of uterine fibroids? Mol Nutr Food Res 2014; 58:1667-84. [PMID: 24976593 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids, myomas) are the most common benign tumors of female reproductive tract. They are highly prevalent, with 70-80% of women burdened by the end of their reproductive years. Fibroids are a leading cause of pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, pressure on the bladder, miscarriage, and infertility. They are the leading indication for hysterectomy, and costs exceed 6 billion dollars annually in the United States. Unfortunately, no long-term medical treatments are available. Dysregulation of inflammatory processes are thought to be involved in the initiation of leiomyoma and extracellular matrix deposition, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis are the key cellular events implicated in leiomyoma growth. In modern pharmaceutical industries, dietary phytochemicals are used as source of new potential drugs for many kinds of tumors. Dietary phytochemicals may exert therapeutic effects by interfering with key cellular events of the tumorigenesis process. At present, a negligible number of phytochemicals have been tested as therapeutic agents against fibroids. In this context, our aim was to introduce some of the potential dietary phytochemicals that have shown anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antifibrotic, and antiangiogenic activities in different biological systems. This review could be useful to stimulate the evaluation of these phytochemicals as possible therapies for uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; Biotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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