[Advances on the asymptomatic infection of COVID-19]

The COVID-19 outbreak in China has been gradually controlled. At present, the management and risk assessment of asymptomatic infected cases has become an urgent problem to be addressed. Asymptomatic case is mainly detected by close contact screening, cluster epidemic investigation, infection source tracking investigation, and active detection of target population. Currently, research on the spread risk from asymptomatic cases was limited, and lacking the data relates to the distribution of asymptomatic cases in large community population. Pathogen detection using PCR is suitable for screening in close contacts of confirmed cases and should be started as early as possible. The antibody test is more suitable for screening in general population where the source of infection is unclear. The management of asymptomatic cases now in China focuses on isolation and medical observation according to the guideline of "early detection, early report, early isolation and early treatment" .

Using Mobile Health to Improve Social Support for Low-Income Latino Patients with Diabetes: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of the Feasibility Trial of TExT-MED + FANS

BACKGROUND

Social support interventions can improve diabetes self-care, particularly for Latinos, but are time and resource intensive. Mobile health may overcome these barriers by engaging and training supporters remotely.

METHODS

We conducted a randomized controlled feasibility trial of emergency department patients with diabetes to determine the feasibility of enrolling patients and supporters, acceptability of the intervention, and preliminary efficacy results to power a larger trial. All patients received an existing mHealth curriculum (TExT-MED). After identifying a supporter, patients were randomized to intervention: supporters receiving FANS (family and friends network support), a text message support curriculum synchronized to patient messages, or control: supporters receiving a mailed pamphlet of the same information. Participants followed up at 3 months. FANS intervention participants came to postintervention interviews as part of a qualitative analysis.

RESULTS

We enrolled 44 patients (22 per arm) and followed up 36 at 3 months. Participants were positive about the program. FANS intervention improved HbA1c (intervention mean decreased from 10.4% to 9.0% vs. from 10.1% to 9.5%, delta -0.8%, confidence interval [CI] -0.4 to 2, P = 0.30), self-monitoring of glucose (intervention increased 1.6 days/week vs. control decreased 2 days/week, delta 2.3 days/week, CI 4-0.6, P = 0.02), and physical activity (mean Godin leisure time activity score improved 16.1 vs. decreased 9.6 for control, delta 25.7, CI 49.2-2.3, P = 0.10). In qualitative analysis, patients reported improved motivation, behaviors, and relationships. Supporters reported making healthier decisions for themselves.

CONCLUSIONS

mHealth is a feasible, acceptable, and promising avenue to improve social support and diabetes outcomes.