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Wang P, Lin X, Liu Q, Lin Z, Yang Y, Chen H, Fan S. Interactions between flue gas desulfurization gypsum and biochar on water infiltration characteristics and physicochemical properties of saline-alkaline soil. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:1273. [PMID: 37798370 PMCID: PMC10556144 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The application of flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) improves the soil structure, reduces soil pH, and accelerates soil salt leaching. Biochar amendment to soil can affect the soil infiltration rate, increase soil porosity, decrease soil bulk density, and enhance the water retention capacity. This study investigated the interactive effect of FGDG and biochar on water infiltration characteristics and physicochemical properties as well as determined the optimal amendment rate as a saline-alkaline soil conditioner. Seven experimental schemes were designed, and the newly reclaimed cultivated soil from Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Zone in Fujian Province, China, was used in an indoor soil column experiment to simulate soil infiltration. Five models were employed to describe the infiltration process. The power function was used to represent the dynamic process of the wetting front. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) there was a reduction in the infiltration capacity of saline-alkaline soil (sandy soil) in each treatment, and the application of FGDG alone had the highest inhibition effect compared to the control (CK). The Kostiakov model provides the best fit for the experimental data of soil cumulative infiltration. (2) All treatments increased the total porosity and water content of saline-alkali soil, with the combined application of FGDG and biochar found to be more effective. (3) The application of FGDG alone or in combination with biochar decreased the pH and increased the electrical conductivity of the saline-alkali soil significantly, with the combined application having the most significant effect. In contrast, soil amended with biochar alone had minimal effect on the pH and EC of the soil. (4) The best improvement ratio was achieved with the F1B2 combination (75 g/kg FGDG + 30 g/kg biochar).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Wang
- Research Center for Land Use and Ecological Security Governance in Mining Area, School of Public Policy and Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Lin
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Lin
- School of Public Administration and Law, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yali Yang
- School of Public Administration and Law, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Natural Resources Service Center, Pingtan Comprehensive Environmental Zone, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shenglong Fan
- School of Public Administration and Law, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
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Zhu J, Yue H, Ma L, Li Z, Bai R. The synergistic hydration mechanism and environmental safety of multiple solid wastes in red mud-based cementitious materials. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27800-w. [PMID: 37286836 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27800-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Red mud (RM) is a solid waste material with high alkalinity and low cementing activity component. The low activity of RM makes it difficult to prepare high-performance cementitious materials from RM alone. Five groups of RM-based cementitious samples were prepared by adding steel slag (SS), grade 42.5 ordinary Portland cement (OPC), blast furnace slag cement (BFSC), flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG), and fly ash (FA). The effects of different solid waste additives on the hydration mechanisms, mechanical properties, and environmental safety of RM-based cementitious materials were discussed and analyzed. The results showed that the samples prepared from different solid waste materials and RM formed similar hydration products, and the main products were C-S-H, tobermorite, and Ca(OH)2. The mechanical properties of the samples met the single flexural strength criterion (≥ 3.0 MPa) for first-grade pavement brick in the Industry Standard of Building Materials of the People's Republic of China-Concrete Pavement Brick. The alkali substances in the samples existed stably, and the leaching concentrations of the heavy metals reached class III of the surface water environmental quality standards. The radioactivity level was in the unrestricted range for main building materials and decorative materials. The results manifest that RM-based cementitious materials have the characteristics of environmentally friendly materials and possess the potential to partially or fully replace traditional cement in the development of engineering and construction applications and it provides innovative guidance for combined utilization of multi-solid waste materials and RM resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junge Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Hongzhi Yue
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, China.
| | - Laijun Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Zichao Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Rong Bai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, China
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Zhang W, Zhang W, Wang S, Liu J, Li Y, Zhuo Y, Xu L, Zhao Y. Band application of flue gas desulfurization gypsum improves sodic soil amelioration. J Environ Manage 2021; 298:113535. [PMID: 34391105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Blending flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum with surface sodic soil is a universally recognized method for the rapid amelioration of sodic soils; however, little information is available on whether other application methods (band application) will reclaim sodic soil. Three FGD gypsum application methods (single-band, dual-band and blend applications) and a control treatment (non-FGD gypsum) were carried out using sodic soil in soil bins to investigate the effects of the application method on the wetting front, major cations in the leachate during the process of water infiltration and soluble and exchangeable cations in the soil profile after infiltration. The results showed that the wetting fronts in the band treatments were denser in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction, but the blend and control treatments only had vertical migration. The main channel of the stream in the band treatment was concentrated below the application site of FGD gypsum. The orders of desalting capacity were blend treatment, dual-band treatment and single-band treatment for the same volume of outlet water. There was no water outflow in the control treatment even after 115 days of leaching. The dual-band treatment significantly decreased the soil sodicity of the 0-40 cm soil profile, while the single-band treatment only effectively reclaimed (horizontally) half of the soil. In the blend treatment, the exchangeable sodium percentages were 21.3 % and 34.7 % at depths of 30-35 cm and 35-40 cm, respectively, and were close to zero at a depth of 0-30 cm. Compared with blend treatment, band application could be a better way to reclaim sodic soil with FGD gypsum due to its advantages of long-term and efficient amelioration with low consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhang
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Ecological Restoration and Carbon Fixation of Saline-Alkaline and Desert Land, Beijing, 100084, China; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy of Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy of Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Shujuan Wang
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Ecological Restoration and Carbon Fixation of Saline-Alkaline and Desert Land, Beijing, 100084, China; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy of Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Ecological Restoration and Carbon Fixation of Saline-Alkaline and Desert Land, Beijing, 100084, China; Tsinghua Agriculture Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Ecological Restoration and Carbon Fixation of Saline-Alkaline and Desert Land, Beijing, 100084, China; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy of Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Yuqun Zhuo
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Ecological Restoration and Carbon Fixation of Saline-Alkaline and Desert Land, Beijing, 100084, China; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy of Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Lizhen Xu
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Ecological Restoration and Carbon Fixation of Saline-Alkaline and Desert Land, Beijing, 100084, China; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy of Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Yonggan Zhao
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Ecological Restoration and Carbon Fixation of Saline-Alkaline and Desert Land, Beijing, 100084, China; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy of Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
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Yin Z, Zhang L, Li R. Effects of additives on physical, chemical, and microbiological properties during green waste composting. Bioresour Technol 2021; 340:125719. [PMID: 34365299 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Composting is an environmentally friendly and sustainable way to transform Green waste (GW) into a useful product. GW, however, contains substantial quantities of lignocelluloses that extend the composting period unless substances that accelerate composting are added. The objective of this research was to assess the influence of the following additives on GW composting (w/w dry matter contents of the additives were indicated): sugarcane bagasse at 15%; bean dregs at 35%; silage at 45%; flue gas desulfurization gypsum at 5%; maifanite at 4%; and furfural residue at 20%. Based on the composting temperature, compost density, porosity, particle-size distribution, water retention, pH, cation exchange capacity, available nutrient contents, humification coefficient, organic matter loss, microbial populations, and phytotoxicity, the best additives were 45% silage and 5% flue gas desulfurization gypsum. The latter two additives produced a high-quality product in only 35 and 37 days, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Yin
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Ruinan Li
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
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Qu J, Zhang L, Zhang X, Gao L, Tian Y. Biochar combined with gypsum reduces both nitrogen and carbon losses during agricultural waste composting and enhances overall compost quality by regulating microbial activities and functions. Bioresour Technol 2020; 314:123781. [PMID: 32652451 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Composting is an efficient method for treating agricultural wastes. This study investigated the effects of the addition of biochar (B) and gypsum (G) to straw mixed with chicken manure (SC) (i.e. SC, SC + B, SC + G and SC + B + G) on composting performance at different initial C/N ratios (20, 25 and 30). In general, biochar combined with gypsum (BCG) efficiently shortened composting time and reduced N loss, C loss and potential ecological risk. It also enhanced lignocellulose decomposition, nutrient retention and the overall compost quality expressed by a compost quality index (CQI), and increased the biomass of four different test crops. The BCG-induced increase in CQI was closely associated with microbial enzyme activities and C catabolic profiles. These results indicated that the combination of biochar and gypsum is more effective than each single additive during composting, and emphasized that microbial activities and functions play pivotal roles in determining compost quality and thereby agronomic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisong Qu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; Institute of Germplasm Resources, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Huanghe East Road No. 590, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Institute of Germplasm Resources, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Huanghe East Road No. 590, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lihong Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yongqiang Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
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Wenyi T, Wenhui F, Hongyi L, Zixin Z, Yunkun Z. Removal of Hg, As in FGD gypsum by different aqueous ammonia (amines) during CO 2 sequestration. Waste Manag Res 2017; 35:1296-1301. [PMID: 29070004 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x17733540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CO2 sequestration by flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) has become a promising FGDG disposal technology due to simultaneous CO2 emission reduction and FGDG conversion into calcium carbonate. In this paper, another merit of the novel technology, i.e., the removal of toxic elements (e.g., Hg and As) in FGDG, will be addressed for the first time. In three different aqueous ammonia (or amines) media, removal efficiencies of Hg and As in FGDG samples were evaluated during CO2 sequestration. Higher than 90% and 20% removal efficiencies, respectively, for Hg and As are achieved at 40°C in aqueous ammonia media, but they decrease at elevated temperatures. Ammonia loss takes place at 80°C and pH varies greatly with temperatures in aqueous ammonia. This is disadvantageous for the formation of Hg-ammonia complexes and for the yield of carbonates, which are responsible for Hg or As re-adsorption. The sequential chemical extraction method suggests that the speciation changes of Hg are induced by FGDG carbonation, and that unstable Hg speciation in triethanolamine increases at elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Wenyi
- Environment Engineering School, Nanjing Institute of Technology, China
| | - Fan Wenhui
- Environment Engineering School, Nanjing Institute of Technology, China
| | - Li Hongyi
- Environment Engineering School, Nanjing Institute of Technology, China
| | - Zhang Zixin
- Environment Engineering School, Nanjing Institute of Technology, China
| | - Zhu Yunkun
- Environment Engineering School, Nanjing Institute of Technology, China
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Koralegedara NH, Al-Abed SR, Rodrigo SK, Karna RR, Scheckel KG, Dionysiou DD. Alterations of lead speciation by sulfate from addition of flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) in two contaminated soils. Sci Total Environ 2017; 575:1522-1529. [PMID: 27743653 PMCID: PMC7316141 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This is the first study to evaluate the potential application of FGDG as an in situ Pb stabilizer in contaminated soils with two different compositions and to explain the underlying mechanisms. A smelter Pb contaminated soil (SM-soil), rich in ferrihydrite bound Pb (FH-Pb), cerussite and litharge with a total Pb content of 65,123mg/kg and an organic matter rich orchard soil (BO-soil), rich in FH-Pb and humic acid bound Pb with a total Pb content of 1532mg/kg were amended with 5% FGDG (w/w). We subjected the two soils to three leaching tests; toxicity characteristic leaching protocol (TCLP), synthetic precipitation leaching protocol (SPLP), kinetic batch leaching test (KBLT) and in-vitro bioaccessibility assay (IVBA) in order to evaluate the FGDG amendment on Pb stabilization. Solid residues of original and FGDG amended soil were analyzed using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to identify changes in Pb speciation after each leaching test. The leachate Pb concentrations of FGDG amended soil were lower compared to those of in non-amended soil. The linear combination fitting analysis of XAS confirmed the formation of anglesite and leadhillite in FGDG amended soil. FGDG reduced the Pb desorption from ferrihydrite (FH), by forming FH-Pb-SO4 ternary complexes. FGDG decreased the Pb adsorption onto humic acid (HA) possibly due to the release of divalent cations such as Ca and Mg, which can compete with Pb to get adsorbed onto HA. The FGDG can successfully be used to remediate Pb contaminated soil. The efficiency of the treatment highly depends on the soil composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeesha H Koralegedara
- Pegasus Technical Services, Inc., 46 E. Hollister St, Cincinnati, OH 45219, United States; Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DBCEE), 705 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States
| | - Souhail R Al-Abed
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States.
| | - Sanjeewa K Rodrigo
- Pegasus Technical Services, Inc., 46 E. Hollister St, Cincinnati, OH 45219, United States
| | - Ranju R Karna
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0117, United States
| | - Kirk G Scheckel
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DBCEE), 705 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States
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