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Wang T, Wang P, Wang S, Ma Y, Zhao Z, Long F. Wogonin Diminishes Radioresistance of Breast Cancer via Inhibition of the Nrf2/ HIF-1[Formula: see text] Pathway. Am J Chin Med 2023; 51:2243-2262. [PMID: 37903716 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy plays a crucial role in the multimodal treatment of breast cancer. However, radioresistance poses a significant challenge to its effectiveness, hindering successful cancer therapy. Emerging evidence indicates that Nrf2 and HIF-1[Formula: see text] are critical regulators of cellular anti-oxidant responses and that their overexpression significantly promotes radioresistance. Wogonin (WG), the primary component isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis, exhibits potential antitumor and reversal of multidrug resistance activities. Nevertheless, the role of WG in radioresistance remains unclear. This study aims to explore the effects of WG on the radioresistance of breast cancer. Our results indicate that Nrf2 and HIF-1[Formula: see text] overexpression was observed in breast cancer tissues and was correlated with the histological grading of the disease. Radiation further increased the levels of Nrf2 and HIF-1[Formula: see text] in breast cancer cells. However, WG demonstrated the ability to induce cell apoptosis and reverse radioresistance by inhibiting the Nrf2/HIF-1[Formula: see text] pathway. These effects were also confirmed in xenograft mice models. Mechanistically, WG enhanced the level of the Nrf2 inhibitor Keap1 through reducing CpG methylation in the promoter region of the Keap1 gene. Consequently, the Nrf2/HIF-1[Formula: see text] pathway, along with the Nrf2- and HIF-1[Formula: see text]-dependent protective responses, were suppressed. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that WG can epigenetically regulate the Keap1 gene, inhibit the Nrf2/HIF-1[Formula: see text] pathway, induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells, and diminish acquired radioresistance. This study offers potential strategies to overcome the limitations of current radiotherapy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Pinghan Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer Sichuan Cancer, Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiao Zhao
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Fangyi Long
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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Liu Y, He CY, Yang XM, Chen WC, Zhang MJ, Zhong XD, Chen WG, Zhong BL, He SQ, Sun HT. Paeoniflorin Coordinates Macrophage Polarization and Mitigates Liver Inflammation and Fibrogenesis by Targeting the NF-[Formula: see text]B/HIF-1α Pathway in CCl 4-Induced Liver Fibrosis. Am J Chin Med 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37317554 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x2350057x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a disease largely driven by resident and recruited macrophages. The phenotypic switch of hepatic macrophages can be achieved by chemo-attractants and cytokines. During a screening of plants traditionally used to treat liver diseases in China, paeoniflorin was identified as a potential drug that affects the polarization of macrophages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of paeoniflorin in an animal model of liver fibrosis and explore its underlying mechanisms. Liver fibrosis was induced in Wistar rats via an intraperitoneal injection of CCl4. In addition, the RAW264.7 macrophages were cultured in the presence of CoCl2 to simulate a hypoxic microenvironment of fibrotic livers in vitro. The modeled rats were treated daily with either paeoniflorin (100, 150, and 200[Formula: see text]mg/kg) or YC-1 (2[Formula: see text]mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Hepatic function, inflammation and fibrosis, activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC), and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition were assessed in the in vivo and in vitro models. The expression levels of M1 and M2 macrophage markers and the NF-[Formula: see text]B/HIF-1[Formula: see text] pathway factors were measured using standard assays. Paeoniflorin significantly alleviated hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, as well as hepatocyte necrosis in the CCl4-induced fibrosis model. Furthermore, paeoniflorin also inhibited HSC activation and reduced ECM deposition both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, paeoniflorin restrained M1 macrophage polarization and induced M2 polarization in the fibrotic liver tissues as well as in the RAW264.7 cells grown under hypoxic conditions by inactivating the NF-[Formula: see text]B/HIF-1[Formula: see text] signaling pathway. In conclusion, paeoniflorin exerts its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects in the liver by coordinating macrophage polarization through the NF-[Formula: see text]B/HIF-1[Formula: see text] pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Nanfang Hospital, P. R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yu He
- Nanfang Hospital, P. R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Mei Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Cong Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Jia Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Dan Zhong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Guang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Lian Zhong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Song-Qi He
- Nanfang Hospital, P. R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Tao Sun
- Nanfang Hospital, P. R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
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Peng KY, Chou TC. Osthole Exerts Inhibitory Effects on Hypoxic Colon Cancer Cells via EIF2[Formula: see text] Phosphorylation-mediated Apoptosis and Regulation of HIF-1[Formula: see text]. Am J Chin Med 2022; 50:621-637. [PMID: 35114913 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic microenvironment and dysregulated endoplasmic reticulum stress/unfolded protein response (UPR) system are considered important factors that promote cancer progression. Although osthole extracted from Cnidium monnieri(Fructus Cnidii) has been confirmed to exhibit an anticancer activity in various cancers, the effects of osthole in hypoxic colon cancer cells have not been explored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine whether osthole has an inhibitory effect on hypoxic colon cancer HCT116 cells and further investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Treatment with osthole significantly attenuated the cell viability, proliferation, and migration in hypoxic HCT116 cells. Osthole also activated UPR signaling such as phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (EIF2[Formula: see text]/ATF4/CHOP/DR5 cascade accompanied by upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins. Moreover, the tubule-like formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor A, and the expression and activity of hypoxia-inducible factor-1[Formula: see text] (HIF-1[Formula: see text] in hypoxic HCT116 cells were markedly suppressed by osthole. However, suppressing EIF2[Formula: see text] phosphorylation with salubrinal or ISRIB markedly reversed the effects of osthole on the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins and HIF-1[Formula: see text]. Co-treatment of hypoxic HCT116 cells with osthole greatly increased the sensitivity to cisplatin and the expressions of phospho-EIF2[Formula: see text] and cleaved caspase 3. Collectively, the inhibitory effect of osthole in hypoxic HCT116 cells may be associated with EIF2[Formula: see text] phosphorylation-mediated apoptosis and translational repression of HIF-1[Formula: see text]. Taken together, osthole may be a potential agent in the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui-Yuan Peng
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tz-Chong Chou
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan, ROC.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC.,China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404332, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, ROC.,Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City 22174, Taiwan, ROC
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Cui Q, Fu Z, Yu H, Liu A, Liu J, Qin X, Ge S, Zhang G. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Alleviates Ischemic Stroke in Rats via HIF-1[Formula: see text], BNIP3, and Notch1-Mediated Inhibition of Autophagy. Am J Chin Med 2022; 50:799-815. [PMID: 35300568 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stroke has become a major cause of death and disability worldwide. The cellular recycling pathway autophagy has been implicated in ischemia-induced neuronal changes, but whether autophagy plays a beneficial or detrimental role is controversial. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A (HSYA), a popular herbal medicine, is an extract of Carthamus tinctorius and is used to treat ischemic stroke (IS) in China. HSYA has been shown to prevent cardiovascular and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in animal models. However, the specific active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of HSYA in IS remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of HSYA treatment on autophagy in a rat model of IS. IS was induced in rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Rats were treated once daily for 3 days with saline, HYSA, or the neuroprotective agent Edaravone. Neurobehavioral testing was performed on days 1, 2, and 3 post-surgery. Brains were removed on day 3 post-surgery for histological evaluation of infarct area, morphology, and for qRT-PCR and western blot analysis of the expression of the autophagy factor LC3 and the signaling molecules HIF-1[Formula: see text], BNIP3, and Notch1. Molecular docking studies were performed in silico to predict potential interactions between HSYA and LC3, HIF-1[Formula: see text], BNIP3, and Notch1 proteins. The result showed that HSYA treatment markedly alleviated IS-induced neurobehavioral deficits and reduced brain infarct area and tissue damage. HSYA also significantly reduced hippocampal expression levels of LC3, HIF-1[Formula: see text], BNIP3, and Notch1. The beneficial effect of HSYA was generally superior to that of Edaravone. Molecular modeling suggested that HSYA may bind strongly to HIF-1[Formula: see text], BNIP3, and Notch1 but weakly to LC3. In conclusion, HSYA inhibits post-IS autophagy induction in the brain, possibly by suppressing HIF-1[Formula: see text], BNIP3 and Notch1. HSYA may have utility as a post-IS neuroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
- Langfang TCM Hospital, Langfang, Hebei 065000, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
| | - Qian Cui
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
| | - Zitong Fu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
| | - Ao Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
| | - Xiude Qin
- Shenzhen TCM Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqin Ge
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P. R. China
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