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Calvin W, Yang F, Kennedy H, Marçon PG, Kerns DL. Susceptibility of Field and Laboratory Bt-Susceptible and Resistant Strains of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) to HearNPV. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:529. [PMID: 38498539 PMCID: PMC10892202 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
During 2021 and 2022, eight field-collected and five laboratory Helicoverpa zea strains with varying susceptibility to different Bt proteins were evaluated for their responses against HearNPV using diet-overlay bioassays. The five laboratory strains included SS (susceptible to all Bt proteins), CRY-RR (resistant to Cry1 and Cry2), VIP-RR-70 (resistant to Vip3Aa), VIP-RR-15 (resistant to Vip3Aa), and TRE-RR (resistant to Cry1, Cry2, and Vip3Aa). Our findings showed that the susceptibility of TRE-RR, VIP-RR-70, and VIP-RR-15 strains to HearNPV was similar to that of the SS strain. However, the field and Cry-RR strains were more resistant to HearNPV compared to the SS strain. Because most feral H. zea strains in the southern U.S. have developed practical resistance to Cry Bt proteins but remain susceptible to Vip3Aa, the results suggest that the reduced susceptibility to HearNPV in H. zea may be associated with the resistance to Cry Bt proteins but not with the resistance to Vip3Aa. Correlation analysis confirmed that there was a significant positive relationship between Cry resistance and HearNPV resistance, but not between the Vip3Aa resistance and HearNPV resistance in H. zea. Our findings provide valuable insights into the relationship between susceptibility to HearNPV and resistance to Bt proteins in H. zea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfrid Calvin
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Haley Kennedy
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | | | - David L Kerns
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Muraro DS, Gonçalves TM, Amado D, Lima MF, Popham HJR, Marçon PG, Omoto C. Baseline Susceptibility and Cross-Resistance of HearNPV in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Brazil. Insects 2022; 13:820. [PMID: 36135521 PMCID: PMC9505350 DOI: 10.3390/insects13090820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The marked adoption of bioinsecticides in Brazilian agriculture in recent years is, at least partially, explained by the increasingly higher levels of insect pest resistance to synthetic insecticides. In particular, several baculovirus-based products have been registered in the last 5 years, including Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV: Baculoviridae: Alphabaculovirus (Armigen®)). Understanding the susceptibility of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to HearNPV is an important step toward development of robust Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and Insect Resistance Management programs (IRM) aimed at managing this serious insect pest. In this study, droplet feeding bioassays were used to characterize the baseline susceptibility to HearNPV (Armigen®) in H. armigera populations collected from major soybean and cotton-growing regions in Brazil. We defined and validated a diagnostic concentration for susceptibility monitoring of H. armigera populations to HearNPV. Additionally, cross-resistance between HearNPV and the insecticides flubendiamide and indoxacarb was evaluated by testing HearNPV in a susceptible strain and in resistant strains of H. armigera to these insecticides. A low interpopulation variation of H. armigera to HearNPV was detected. The LC50 values ranged from 1.5 × 105 to 1.1 × 106 occlusion bodies (OBs) per mL (7.3-fold variation). The mortality rate at the identified diagnostic concentration of 6.3 × 108 OBs/mL, based on the calculated LC99, ranged from 98.6 to 100% in populations of H. armigera collected from 2018 to 2020. No cross-resistance was detected between HearNPV and flubendiamide or indoxacarb. These results suggest that HearNPV (Armigen®) can be an effective tool in IPM and IRM programs to control H. armigera in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionei Schmidt Muraro
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13419-900, Brazil
| | - Thaini M. Gonçalves
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13419-900, Brazil
| | - Douglas Amado
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13419-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Celso Omoto
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13419-900, Brazil
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Windus LCE, Jones AM, Downes S, Walsh T, Knight K, Kinkema M. HearNPV susceptibility in Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa punctigera strains resistant to Bt toxins Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab, and Vip3Aa. J Invertebr Pathol 2021; 183:107598. [PMID: 33957131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2021.107598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Genetically engineered crops expressing insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have improved the management of targeted lepidopteran pests and reduced the use of insecticide sprays. These benefits explain an increasing adoption of Bt crops worldwide, intensifying the selection pressure on target species and the risk of resistance. Nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs) are effective bioinsecticides against numerous important lepidopteran pests. If Bt-resistant insects are shown to be susceptible to NPVs then these bioinsecticides could be a valuable component of Insecticide Resistance Management (IRM) strategies for Bt crops. We assessed the effectiveness of a Helicoverpa nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) against several different Bt-resistant strains. Utilising a droplet feeding bioassay we confirmed susceptibility to HearNPV in Helicoverpa punctigera and Helicoverpa armigera larvae resistant to the Bt toxins Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab, and Vip3A. Dual resistant H. punctigera, (Cry1Ac/Cry2Ab, and Cry2Ab/Vip3A) and dual resistant H. armigera (Cry2Ab/Vip3A) were also susceptible to HearNPV. Regardless of their specific resistance profile, Bt-resistant larvae displayed statistically similar lethal concentration (LC50) and lethal time (LT50) responses to HearNPV when compared to Bt-sensitive control insects. These results indicate that Bt-resistant H. armigera and H. punctigera are not cross-resistant to HearNPV. Consequently, the use of HearNPV against these pests may be a valuable tool to an IRM strategy for controlling Bt-resistant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adele M Jones
- AgBiTech, 8 Rocla Court, Glenvale, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Sharon Downes
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Australian Cotton Research Institute, 21888 Kamilaroi Highway, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia
| | - Tom Walsh
- CSIRO Land and Water, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Kristen Knight
- Bayer Crop Science, McDougall Street, Glenvale, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Mark Kinkema
- AgBiTech, 14401 Sovereign Rd, Fort Worth, TX 76155, USA.
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Allahyari R, Aramideh S, Michaud JP, Safaralizadeh MH, Rezapanah MR. Negative Life History Impacts for Habrobracon hebetor (Hymneoptera: Braconidae) that Develop in Bollworm Larvae Inoculated with Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus. J Econ Entomol 2020; 113:1648-1655. [PMID: 32270869 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner, is a cosmopolitan polyphagous pest of many crops. Habrobracon hebetor Say and Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) are two important biocontrol agents used to manage this pest, sometimes in combination. We evaluated the sublethal effects of HearNPV on H. hebetor life table parameters under laboratory conditions when its host (second instar H. armigera) was treated with HearNPV, and tested H. hebetor females for their ability to discriminate against inoculated hosts. Emergence of adults reared as solitary larvae was reduced by half on LC30-inoculated larvae compared to controls, but not on LC5 or LC15-inoculated hosts. Low concentrations (LC5, LC15, and LC30) of HearNPV had no effects on overall parasitoid developmental time, but longevity and lifetime fecundity was reduced for females emerging from hosts receiving the LC30 treatment. Net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and finite rate of increase (λ) were all decreased in a concentration-dependent manner in the LC15 and LC30 treatments, as were female life expectancy, age-specific survivorship (lx), and age-specific fecundity (mx), whereas population doubling time (DT) increased. Parasitoids did not discriminate against LC15-inoculated larvae in choice or no-choice tests, but parasitized more LC50-inoculated hosts than controls in the choice test, with no significant differences in total numbers of eggs laid in either case. Although parasitoids suffered some loss of fitness in HearNPV-inoculated hosts under these laboratory conditions, these agents still appear compatible for joint application against H. armigera under field conditions, provided parasitoid releases are made 2 d after NPV application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Allahyari
- Department of Plant Protection, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - J P Michaud
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Hays, KS
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Rezapanah
- Department of Biological Control, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
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Hou D, Kuang W, Luo S, Zhang F, Zhou F, Chen T, Zhang Y, Wang H, Hu Z, Deng F, Wang M. Baculovirus ODV-E66 degrades larval peritrophic membrane to facilitate baculovirus oral infection. Virology 2019; 537:157-164. [PMID: 31493654 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
ODV-E66 is a major envelope proteins of baculovirus occlusion derived virus (ODV) with chondroitinase activity. Here, we studied the roles of ODV-E66 during Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) primary infection. ODV-E66 is a late viral protein dispensable for BV production and ODV morphogenesis. Deletion of odv-e66 had a profound effect on HearNPV oral infectivity in 4th instar larvae with a 50% lethal concentration (LC50) value of 26 fold higher than that of the repaired virus, compared to in 3rd instar larvae. Calcofluor white, an agent which destroys the peritrophic membrane (PM), could rescue the oral infectivity of odv-e66 deleted HearNPV, implying the PM may be the target of ODV-E66. In vitro assays showed HearNPV ODV-E66 has chondroitinase activity. Electron microscopy demonstrated that odv-e66 deletion alleviated the damage to the PM caused by HearNPV infection. These data suggest an important role of ODV-E66 in the penetration of the PM during oral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianhai Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Wenhua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Sijiani Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fengqiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hualin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhihong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Manli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Abstract
Baculoviruses are large DNA viruses of insects that are highly pathogenic in many hosts. In the infection cycle, baculoviruses produce two types of virions. These virion phenotypes are physically and functionally distinct, and each serves a critical role in the biology of the virus. One phenotype, the occlusion-derived virus (ODV), is occluded within a crystallized protein that facilitates oral infection of the host. A large complex of at least nine ODV envelope proteins called per os infectivity factors are critically important for ODV infection of insect midgut epithelial cells. Viral egress from midgut cells is by budding to produce a second virus phenotype, the budded virus (BV). BV binds, enters, and replicates in most other tissues of the host insect. Cell recognition and entry by BV are mediated by a single major envelope glycoprotein: GP64 in some baculoviruses and F in others. Entry and egress by the two virion phenotypes occur by dramatically different mechanisms and reflect a life cycle in which ODV is specifically adapted for oral infection while BV mediates dissemination of the infection within the animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary W Blissard
- Boyce Thompson Institute at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA;
| | - David A Theilmann
- Summerland Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, Canada;
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Yu H, Zhou B, Meng J, Xu J, Liu TX, Wang D. Recombinant Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus with arthropod-specific neurotoxin gene RjAa17f from Rhopalurus junceus enhances the virulence against the host larvae. Insect Sci 2017; 24:397-408. [PMID: 26541901 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A recombinant Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) expressing the insect-selective neurotoxin (RjAa17f) from Cuban scorpion Rhopalurus junceus was constructed by replacing the UDP-glucosyltransferase gene (egt) using λ-red homologous recombination system. Another egt deleted control HearNPV was constructed in a similar way by inserting egfp gene into the egt locus. One-step viral growth curve and viral DNA replication curve analysis confirmed that the recombination did not affect the viral growth and DNA replication in host cells. There is no discernable difference in occlusion-body morphogenesis between RjAa17f-HearNPV, Egfp-HearNPV and HZ8-HearNPV, which was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy analysis. However, the insecticidal activity of RjAa17f-HearNPV is enhanced against the third instar H. armigera larvae according to the bioassay on virulence comparison. There is a dramatic reduction (56.9%) in median lethal dose (LD50 ) and also a reduction (13.4%) in median survival time (ST50 ) for the recombinant RjAa17f-HearNPV compared to the HZ8-HearNPV, but only a 27.5% reduction in LD50 and 10.1% reduction in ST50 value when Egfp-HearNPV is compared with HZ8-HearNPV. The daily diet consumption analysis showed that the RjAa17f-HearNPV was able to inhibit the infected larvae feeding compared with the egt minus HearNPV. These results demonstrated that this novel recombinant RjAa17f-HearNPV could improve the insecticidal effect against its host insects and RjAa17f could be a considerable candidate for other recombinant baculovirus constructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong-Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Nguyen Q, Chan LCL, Nielsen LK, Reid S. Genome scale analysis of differential mRNA expression of Helicoverpa zea insect cells infected with a H. armigera baculovirus. Virology 2013; 444:158-70. [PMID: 23827436 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of baculovirus-insect host interactions at a genome-scale level is important for developing a number of baculovirus-based applications, but the gathering of such knowledge is hindered by the lack of genomic sequences in most insect hosts. In this study, expression kinetics of 24,206 Helicoverpa zea insect transcripts and 134 Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) genes at 0, 12, 24 and 48 h post-infection (hpi) were simultaneously analyzed using microarrays, which were developed from sequences obtained by deep transcriptome sequencing. Host genes in pathways important for infection such as those for energy generation, anti-viral peptides, apoptosis, detoxification, DNA polymerase activities, RNA polymerase activities, translation initiation, protein processing and cell cycle arrest were identified. Differential expression was linked to changes in the number of intracellular and extracellular viral genomes and occlusion bodies. The first comprehensive elucidation of HearNPV-H. zea expression kinetics was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Nguyen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Building 75, Corner College/Cooper Road, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
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