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Lin W, Wu Z, Wang Y, Jiang R, Ouyang G. Size-dependent vector effect of microplastics on the bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls in tilapia: A tissue-specific study. Sci Total Environ 2024; 915:170047. [PMID: 38218489 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics play a significant role in interactions between organisms and hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs), leading to a joint toxic effect on aquatic organisms. This study extensively investigated the tissue-specific accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) resulting from different sized microplastics in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) using a passive dosing device. Based on biological feeding behavior considerations, 1 mm and 2 μm polystyrene (PS) microplastics with concentrations of 2 and 5 mg L-1 were investigated. A physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model was applied to evaluate the exchange kinetics and fluxes among the tissues. Moreover, an in vitro simulation experiment was conducted to theoretically validate the vector effect. The findings demonstrated that the effects caused by HOCs and microplastics on organisms were influenced by multiple factors such as size and surface properties. The mass transfer kinetics of HOCs in specific tissues were closely related to their adsorption capacity and position microplastics could reach. Specifically, although 2 μm microplastics exhibited high adsorption capacity for PCBs, they were only retained in the intestines and did not significantly contribute to the bioaccumulation of PCBs in gills or muscle. While 1 mm microplastics were ingested but just paused in the mouth and subsequently flew through the gills with oral mucus. Their vector effects increased the desorption of microplastic-bound PCB-118 in the gill mucus microcosm, thereby facilitating the mass transfer and accumulation of PCB-118 in gills and muscle. This study sheds new light on how the size-dependent vector generated by microplastics affects the tissue-specific accumulation of HOCs in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Zhongshu Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yili Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Ruifen Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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2
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Liu X, Wang S, Li Y, Yang L, Liu H, Song H, Zhang G. Conformational evolution of soybean protein-polysaccharide at oil-water interface in simulated gastric environment in vitro. Food Chem 2023; 413:135613. [PMID: 36758390 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The conformation and characteristics of soybean hull polysaccharide (SHP)/soy bean protein isolate (SPI) complex at oil-water interface in simulated gastric environment in vitro were discussed. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) thermodynamic results illustrated that SPI formed a complex with SHP. ζ-potential and microstructure showed a flocculation phenomenon after SPI/SHP emulsion droplet treatment (especially at 60 min), which indicated that the inter droplet steric hindrance and repulsion were reduced after the emulsion was treated. Additionally, at 60 min, in FT-IR spectrum fitting results, the contents of β-sheet and β-turn structure were the lowest, which might be that the polar group residues exposed in the SPI/SHP complex at the interface interacted with Na+ by ion-dipole interaction or protonated with H+. The blue shift of maximum absorption intensity also indicated that the tryptophan residues moved to the hydrophobic environment, which made the treated droplets flocculate without obvious aggregation.
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3
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Zhang L, Parreira VR, Rahman A, Smith BA, Munther DS, Farber JM. Survival and predictive modeling of Listeria monocytogenes under simulated human gastric conditions in the presence of bovine milk products. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 396:110201. [PMID: 37116301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen which has been implicated in many outbreaks of foodborne diseases. This study evaluated the effects of gastric acidity and gastric digestion time of adults, L. monocytogenes strain and food type on the survival of L. monocytogenes under simulated stomach conditions of adults in in vitro gastric models with dynamic pH changes occurring throughout the exposure. Individual strains as well as a cocktail of L. monocytogenes, inoculated at 8 log CFU/mL in filtered bovine milk products, 0 % milk, 2 % milk, 2 % chocolate milk and 3.25 % milk, were introduced to the gastric models for 2 h. The survival of L. monocytogenes depended on a combination of factors, including gastric acidity and gastric digestion time of adults, L. monocytogenes strain, food type and recovery method (P < 0.05). The survival rates of L. monocytogenes inoculated in 2 % milk after a 2-h exposure to simulated gastric fluids with pH values of 1.5, 2.0 and 3.0 were 0.003 to 0.040 %, 22.7 to 43.4 % and 16.6 to 27.2 %, respectively. Fluid milk containing a higher milk fat content (3.25 % vs 0 % milk) protected L. monocytogenes from being inactivated when they were exposed to the human stomach model with a gastric acidity of pH 2.0. Compared to 0 % and 3.25 % milk, L. monocytogenes survived the best in 2 % chocolate milk, which appears to be due to the presence of milk fat (2 %) and the additional nutrients that are present in chocolate milk. A predictive mathematical model was developed that captured the population of the strains of L. monocytogenes under the in vitro conditions. This study advances our understanding of the behaviour of L. monocytogenes under various human gastric conditions and provides key parameters that can affect the survival of L. monocytogenes in the stomachs of adults. The mathematical models developed in this study can be used as a supplementary tool to help predict the survival of L. monocytogenes under similar scenarios and for relevant risk-assessment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linkang Zhang
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Valeria R Parreira
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Ashrafur Rahman
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
| | - Ben A Smith
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON N1H 7M7, Canada
| | - Daniel S Munther
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Farber
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Kesisoglou I, Eales BM, Ledesma KR, Merlau PR, Tam VH, Wang W, Nikolaou M. SIMULTANEOUS IN VITRO SIMULATION OF MULTIPLE ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS WITH DIFFERENT ELIMINATION HALF-LIVES IN A PRE-CLINICAL INFECTION MODEL. Comput Chem Eng 2021; 155. [PMID: 34924641 DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2021.107540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapy for treatment of multi-drug resistant bacterial infections is becoming common. In vitro testing of drug combinations under realistic pharmacokinetic conditions is needed before a corresponding combination is eventually put into clinical use. The current standard for design of such in vitro simulations for drugs with different half-lives is heuristic and limited to two drugs. To address that void, we develop a rigorous design method suitable for an arbitrary number of N drugs with different half-lives. The method developed offers substantial flexibility and produces novel designs even for two drugs. Explicit design equations are rigorously developed and are suitable for immediate use by experimenters. These equations were used in experimental verification using a combination of three antibiotics with distinctly different half-lives. In addition to antibiotics, the method is applicable to any anti-infective or anti-cancer drugs with distinct elimination pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iordanis Kesisoglou
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Rd. Houston TX 77204-4004, USA
| | - Brianna M Eales
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Rd. Houston TX 77204-4004, USA
| | - Kimberly R Ledesma
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Rd. Houston TX 77204-4004, USA
| | - Paul R Merlau
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Rd. Houston TX 77204-4004, USA
| | - Vincent H Tam
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Rd. Houston TX 77204-4004, USA.,Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Rd. Houston TX 77204-4004, USA
| | - Weiqun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Rd. Houston TX 77204-4004, USA
| | - Michael Nikolaou
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Rd. Houston TX 77204-4004, USA
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Céspedes-Gutiérrez E, Aragón DM, Gómez-Álvarez MI, Cubides-Cárdenas JA, Cortés-Rojas DF. Survival of the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans to in vitro segments of sheep gastrointestinal tract. Exp Parasitol 2021; 231:108172. [PMID: 34774533 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans is used in integrated management of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants. The chlamydospores of the fungus, orally administered, pass through the segments of the ruminant digestive tract and, in the feces, capture the nematodes preventing their migration to grasslands. The drastic conditions of the gastrointestinal segments can negatively affect the fungus' biocontrol activity. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of in vitro conditions of the sheep's main gastrointestinal segments on the concentration, viability and nematode predatory ability of D. flagrans chlamydospores. The segments evaluated separately in vitro were the oral cavity, rumen, abomasum, and small intestine. The results showed that chlamydospores concentration was not affected by exposure to the different segments. The viability of the chlamydospores after exposure to the oral cavity (2.53 × 106 CFU/mL) and small intestine (1.24 × 105 CFU/mL) was significantly lower than its control treatment, with values of 6.67 × 106 CFU/mL and 2.31 × 105 CFU/mL respectively. Nematode predatory ability after rumen exposure was reduced by 7% compared to the control treatment, by 25% after abomasum exposure and by 17% after small intestine. This study revealed the individual in vitro effect of each segment of ovine gastrointestinal tract on the integrity of this strain of the fungus D. flagrans affecting its viability and nematode predatory ability under the evaluated conditions. Delivery systems could be designed to protect chlamydospores considering the impact of each gastrointestinal segment.
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Verstrepen L, Van den Abbeele P, Pignataro G, Ribecco C, Gramenzi A, Hesta M, Marzorati M. Inclusion of small intestinal absorption and simulated mucosal surfaces further improve the Mucosal Simulator of the Canine Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SCIME™). Res Vet Sci 2021; 140:100-8. [PMID: 34418788 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
While a large set of in vitro models are available to study the effects of specific food ingredients (e.g. pre- and probiotics) on the human gut microbiome, the availability of such models for companion animals is limited. Since improving gut health of such animals is an emerging research field, the Simulator of the Canine Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SCIME™) was recently developed and validated with in vivo data. The current study presents a further improvement of this model by using an alternative method for feed preparation, i.e. by administering digestive enzymes to mimic upper gastro-intestinal digestion followed by a dialysis approach to mimic small intestinal absorption. As opposed to the previously implemented method, this resulted in a more optimal simulation of protein digestion and absorption. Further, upon entrance in the colon, increased production of the health-promoting butyrate and lower levels of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. were observed, which corresponded better with obtained in vivo data. A second model improvement consisted of the implementation of a mucosal environment to not only simulate luminal but also mucosal microbiota. In consistency with the human model for which this technology was previously validated, it was found that for all canine microbiota mucin beads were enriched with members of the Lachnospiraceae (~ Clostridium cluster XIVa), a family containing multiple well-known butyrate producers. The SCIME™ was thus upgraded to a so-called Mucosal SCIME™ (M-SCIME™). In conclusion, the current study presents improvements of the SCIME™, further increasing the relevance of obtained data with this in vitro model for dogs.
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Cheng M, Cheng Z, Yu Y, Liu W, Li R, Guo Z, Qin J, Zeng Z, Di L, Mo Y, Pan C, Liang Y, Li J, Tong Y, Yan Y, Zhan Y, Ning K. An engineered genetic circuit for lactose intolerance alleviation. BMC Biol 2021; 19:137. [PMID: 34225711 PMCID: PMC8259030 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-01070-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactose malabsorption occurs in around 68% of the world's population, causing lactose intolerance (LI) symptoms, such as abdominal pain, bloating, and diarrhea. To alleviate LI, previous studies have mainly focused on strengthening intestinal β-galactosidase activity while neglecting the inconspicuous drop in the colon pH caused by the fermentation of non-hydrolyzed lactose by the gut microbes. A drop in colon pH will reduce the intestinal β-galactosidase activity and influence intestinal homeostasis. RESULTS Here, we synthesized a tri-stable-switch circuit equipped with high β-galactosidase activity and pH rescue ability. This circuit can switch in functionality between the expression of β-galactosidase and expression of L-lactate dehydrogenase in response to an intestinal lactose signal and intestinal pH signal, respectively. We confirmed that the circuit functionality was efficient in bacterial cultures at a range of pH levels, and in preventing a drop in pH and β-galactosidase activity after lactose administration to mice. An impact of the circuit on gut microbiota composition was also indicated. CONCLUSIONS Due to its ability to flexibly adapt to environmental variation, in particular to stabilize colon pH and maintain β-galactosidase activity after lactose influx, the tri-stable-switch circuit can serve as a promising prototype for the relief of lactose intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Cheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangyu Cheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyan Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangjie Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruihao Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyi Guo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyue Qin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Di
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Mo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiu Pan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhao Liang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yigang Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering (BAIC-SM), College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjun Yan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Zhan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. .,Innovation Base of Life Science and Technology, Qiming College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kang Ning
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Matteucci F, Maesen B, De Asmundis C, Bidar E, Micali L, Parise G, Maessen JG, La Meir M, Gelsomino S. Biparietal bidirectional bipolar radiofrequency in hybrid cardiac ablation: an in vitro evaluation. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2021; 33:34-42. [PMID: 33611536 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the lesion size and depth of radiofrequency (RF) ablation in a simultaneous biparietal bidirectional bipolar (SBB) approach, compared to a simultaneous and staged unipolar and uniparietal bipolar setup [simultaneous uniparietal bipolar (SiUB) and staged uniparietal bipolar (StUB), respectively]. METHODS Fresh left atrial porcine tissue was mounted into the ABLA-BOX simulator. Different ablation approaches were tested: (i) SBB: a concept consisting of SBB endo-epicardial ablation, (ii) SiUB: simultaneous epicardial uniparietal bipolar and endocardial unipolar ablation and (iii) StUB: staged epicardial uniparietal bipolar and endocardial unipolar ablation. In the StUB setup, a 1-h interval between the epi-endo ablation was respected. RESULTS Transmural lesions were present in 90% of the bipolar biparietal ablations, yet no full transmurality was observed in the simultaneous nor in the staged unipolar with uniparietal bipolar ablation group. In SBB, the area and volume of the ablation lesions were smaller (523.33 mm2/mm and 52.33 mm3/mm, respectively) than in SiUB (588.17 mm2/mm and 58.81 mm3/mm, respectively) and StUB (583.76 mm2/mm and 58.37 mm3/mm, P = 0.044). Also, in SBB, the overall, epicardial and endocardial maximum diameters of the lesions (1.59, 1.57 and 1.52 mm; respectively) were smaller than in SiUB (2.38, 2.26 and 2.33 mm; respectively) and in StUB (2.36, 2.28 and 2.14 mm; respectively, all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although bipolar biparietal bidirectional RF ablation results in smaller lesions than uniparietal bipolar and unipolar ablation, their capacity to penetrate the tissue is much higher. Moreover, in uniparietal RF applications, the energy spreads in the superficial layers of the tissue but fails to penetrate. Therefore, the degree of transmurality is much higher when using such a 'truly bipolar' ablation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Matteucci
- Cardiothoracic Department, Maastricht University Hospital, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bart Maesen
- Cardiothoracic Department, Maastricht University Hospital, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Carlo De Asmundis
- Cardiothoracic Department, Brussels University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elham Bidar
- Cardiothoracic Department, Maastricht University Hospital, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Linda Micali
- Cardiothoracic Department, Maastricht University Hospital, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Gianmarco Parise
- Cardiothoracic Department, Maastricht University Hospital, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jos G Maessen
- Cardiothoracic Department, Maastricht University Hospital, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mark La Meir
- Cardiothoracic Department, Maastricht University Hospital, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Cardiothoracic Department, Brussels University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandro Gelsomino
- Cardiothoracic Department, Maastricht University Hospital, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Cardiothoracic Department, Brussels University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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9
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Wang D, Wang W, Guo Q, Shi G, Zhu G, Wang X, Liu A. Design and validation of a foot-ankle dynamic simulator with a 6-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2020; 234:1070-1082. [PMID: 32650700 DOI: 10.1177/0954411920938902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An in vitro simulation test using a designed well-targeted test rig has been regarded as an effective way to understand the kinematics and dynamics of the foot and ankle complex in the dynamic stance phase, and it also allows alterations in both internal and external control compared to in vivo tests. However, current simulators are limited by some assumptions. In this study, a novel foot and ankle bionic dynamic simulator was developed and validated. A movable 6-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism, known as Steward platform, was used as the core structure to drive the tibia, with a tibial force actuator applied with different loads. Four major muscle groups were actuated by four sensored pulling cables connected to muscle tendons. Simulation processes were controlled using a software developed based on a proportional-integral-derivative control loop, with tension-compression sensors mounted on tendon pulling cables and used as real-time monitor signals. An iterative learning module for tibial force control was integrated into the control software. Six specimens of the cadaveric foot-ankle were used to validate the simulator. The stance phase was successfully simulated within 5 s, and the tibia loads were applied based on the body weight of the cadaveric specimen donors. Typical three-dimensional ground reaction forces were successfully reproduced. The coefficient of multiple correlation analysis demonstrated good repeatability of the dynamic simulator for the ground reaction force (coefficient of multiple correlation > 0.89) and the range of ankle motion (coefficient of multiple correlation > 0.87 with only one exception). The simulated ranges of the foot-ankle joint rotation in stance were consistent with in vivo measurements, indicating the success of the dynamic simulation process. The proposed dynamic simulator can enhance the understanding of the mechanism of the foot-ankle movement, related injury prevention, and surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinyang Guo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanglin Shi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Genrui Zhu
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anmin Liu
- Centre for Health Sciences Research, University of Salford, Salford, UK
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10
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Rues S, Schmitter M, Kappel S, Sonntag R, Kretzer JP, Nadorf J. Effect of bone quality and quantity on the primary stability of dental implants in a simulated bicortical placement. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:1265-72. [PMID: 32651646 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03432-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Conventional dental implants inserted in the molar region of the maxilla will reach into the sinus maxillaris when alveolar ridge height is limited. When surgery is performed without prior augmentation of the sinus floor, primary stability of the implant is important for successful osseointegration. This study aimed at identifying the impact of bone quality and quantity at the implantation site on primary implant stability of a simulated bicortical placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our in vitro measurements, bone mineral density, total bone thickness and overall cortical bone thickness were assessed by micro-computed tomography (μCT) of pig scapulae, which resembled well the bicortical situation found in human patients. Dental implants were inserted, and micromotion between bone and implant was measured while loading the implant with an axial torque. RESULTS The main findings were that primary implant stability did not depend on total bone thickness but tended to increase with either increasing bone mineral density or overall cortical bone thickness. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Limited bone height in the maxilla is a major problem when planning dental implants. To overcome this problem, several approaches, e.g. external or internal sinus floor elevation, have been established. When planning the insertion of a dental implant an important aspect is the primary stability which can be expected. With other factors, the dimensions of the cortical bone might be relevant in this context. It would, therefore, be helpful to define the minimum thickness of cortical bone required to achieve sufficient primary stability, thus avoiding additional surgical intervention.
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Marconi S, Lanzarone E, van Bogerijen GHW, Conti M, Secchi F, Trimarchi S, Auricchio F. A compliant aortic model for in vitro simulations: Design and manufacturing process. Med Eng Phys 2018; 59:21-29. [PMID: 30077485 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We design and manufacture a silicone model of the human aorta, able to mimic both the geometrical and the mechanical properties of physiological individuals, with a specific focus on reproducing the compliance. In fact, while the models available in the literature exhibit an unrealistic compliant behavior, though they are detailed from the geometrical viewpoint, here the goal is to provide an accurate compliant tool for in vitro testing the devices that interface with the vascular system. A parametric design of the aortic model is obtained based on the available literature data, and the model is manufactured with a specific silicone mixture using rapid prototyping and molding techniques. The manufactured prototype has been tested by means of computed tomography scans for evaluating the matching of the mechanical properties with the desired ones. Results show a high degree of adherence between the imposed and the measured compliance values for each main aortic section. Thus, our work proves the feasibility of the approach, and the possibility to manufacture compliant models that reproduce the mechanical behavior of the aorta for in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Marconi
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Ettore Lanzarone
- Institute for Applied Mathematics and Information Technologies, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michele Conti
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Secchi
- Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Santi Trimarchi
- Thoracic Aortic Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy; Department of Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Auricchio
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Daddi N, Sagrini E, Lugaresi M, Perrone O, Candoli P, Ragusa M, Puma F, Mattioli S. Ex vivo pulmonary nodule detection with miniaturized ultrasound convex probes. J Surg Res 2015; 202:49-57. [PMID: 27083947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intraoperative localization of small and deep pulmonary nodules is often difficult during minimally invasive thoracic surgery. We compared the performance of three miniaturized ultrasound (US) convex probes, one of which is currently used for thoracic endoscopic diagnostic procedures, for the detection of lung nodules in an ex vivo lung perfusion model. METHODS Three porcine cardiopulmonary blocks were perfused, preserved at 4°C for 6 h and reconditioned. Lungs were randomly seeded with different patterns of echogenicity target nodules (9 water balls, 10 fat, and 11 muscles; total n = 30). Three micro-convex US probes were assessed in an open setting on the pleural surface: PROBE 1, endobronchial US 5-10 MHz; PROBE 2, laparoscopic 4-13 MHz; PROBE 3, fingertip micro-convex probe 5-10 MHz. US probes were evaluated regarding the number of nodules localized/not localized, the correlation between US and open specimen measurements, and imaging quality. RESULTS For detecting target nodules, the sensitivity was 100% for PROBE 1, 86.6% for PROBE 2, and 78.1% for PROBE 3. A closer correlation between US and open specimen measurements of target diameter (r = 0.87; P = 0.0001) and intrapulmonary depth (r = 0.97; P = 0.0001) was calculated for PROBE 1 than for PROBES 2 and 3. The imaging quality was significantly higher for PROBE 1 than for PROBES 2 and 3 (P < 0.04). CONCLUSIONS US examination with micro-convex probes to detect pulmonary nodules is feasible in an ex vivo lung perfusion model. PROBE 1 achieved the best performance. Clinical research with the endobronchial US micro-convex probe during minimally invasive thoracic surgery is advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Daddi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Sagrini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Division of Internal Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; PhD Course in Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Lugaresi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Maria Cecilia Hospital-GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Ottorino Perrone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Division of Internal Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; PhD Course in Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Candoli
- Division of Pneumology, AUSL Ravenna, Area Vasta Romagna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Mark Ragusa
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical-Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Puma
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical-Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Sandro Mattioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; PhD Course in Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Maria Cecilia Hospital-GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy.
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Welte R, Eschertzhuber S, Weiler S, Leitner-Rupprich S, Aigner M, Lass-Flörl C, Stienecke E, Bellmann-Weiler R, Joannidis M, Bellmann R. Biliary amphotericin B pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in critically ill liver transplant recipients receiving treatment with amphotericin B lipid formulations. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2015; 46:325-31. [PMID: 26119497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fungal cholangitis is a potentially life-threatening condition. As amphotericin B (AmB) has a broad antimycotic spectrum, in this study its biliary penetration and activity was determined in two patients treated with liposomal AmB (L-AmB) and in one patient receiving AmB colloidal dispersion (ABCD). Biliary and plasma AmB levels were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography after purification by solid-phase extraction. For assessment of biliary AmB activity, isolates of Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata and Candida krusei were incubated in porcine bile at AmB concentrations of 0.025-5.00 mg/L. In addition, patient bile samples retrieved for AmB quantification were inoculated with the same Candida strains. Biliary AmB concentrations were lower and displayed a slower rise and decline than plasma levels. The highest penetration ratio, as expressed by the ratio between the area under the AmB concentration-time curve in bile and plasma (liberated AmB) over the sampling period (AUC0-n bile/AUC0-n LI plasma), was 0.28. Proliferation of C. albicans and C. tropicalis in bile was similar to that in culture medium, whereas growth of C. glabrata was diminished and proliferation of C. krusei was absent in bile. In comparison with culture medium, AmB activity decreased in spiked porcine bile. In all but one patient bile sample, fungal growth was delayed or lacking even when AmB was not detectable. However, no fungicidal effect was observed in patient bile at AmB concentrations up to 1.28 mg/L. Thus, a reliable response of fungal cholangitis to treatment with L-AmB or ABCD cannot be anticipated.
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