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Mji B, Massey A, Elias DMO, McCalmont JP, Farrar K, Donnison I, McNamara NP. Species selection determines carbon allocation and turnover in Miscanthus crops: Implications for biomass production and C sequestration. Sci Total Environ 2023; 887:164003. [PMID: 37169185 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Growing Miscanthus species and hybrids has received strong scientific and commercial support, with the majority of the carbon (C) modelling predictions having focused on the high-yield, sterile and noninvasive hybrid Miscanthus × giganteus. However, the potential of other species with contrasting phenotypic and physiological traits has been seldom explored. To better understand the mechanisms underlying C allocation dynamics in these bioenergy crops, we pulse-labelled (13CO2) intact plant-soil systems of Miscanthus × giganteus (GIG), Miscanthus sinensis (SIN) and Miscanthus lutarioriparius (LUT) and regularly analysed soil respiration, leaves, stems, rhizomes, roots and soils for up to 190 days until leaf senescence. A rapid isotopic enrichment of all three species was observed after 4 h, with the amount of 13C fixed into plant biomass being inversely related to their respective standing biomass prior to pulse-labelling (i.e., GIG < SIN < LUT). However, both GIG and LUT allocated more photoassimilates in the aboveground biomass (leaves+stems = 78 % and 74 %, respectively) than SIN, which transferred 30% of fixed 13C in its belowground biomass (rhizomes+roots). Although less fixed 13C was recovered from the soils (<1 %), both rhizospheric and bulk soils were signficantly more enriched under SIN and LUT than under GIG. Importantly, the soils under SIN emitted less CO2, which suggests it could be the best choice for reaching C neutrality. These results from this unique large-scale study indicate that careful species selection may hold the success for reaching net GHG mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briones Mji
- Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK.
| | - A Massey
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - D M O Elias
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - J P McCalmont
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK
| | - K Farrar
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - I Donnison
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - N P McNamara
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
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Bhatia R, Timms-Taravella E, Roberts LA, Moron-Garcia OM, Hauck B, Dalton S, Gallagher JA, Wagner M, Clifton-Brown J, Bosch M. Transgenic ZmMYB167 Miscanthus sinensis with increased lignin to boost bioenergy generation for the bioeconomy. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod 2023; 16:29. [PMID: 36814294 PMCID: PMC9945411 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perennial C4 grasses from the genus Miscanthus are widely regarded as leading and promising dedicated bioenergy crops due to their high biomass accumulation on marginal land with low environmental impacts and maintenance requirements over its productive life. There is an urgent socio-political and environmental need to ramp up the production of alternative, affordable and green bioenergy sources and to re-direct the net zero carbon emissions trajectory. Hence, up-scaling of Miscanthus cultivation as a source of biomass for renewable energy could play an important role to strategically address sustainable development goals for a growing bio-based economy. Certain Miscanthus sinensis genotypes are particularly interesting for their biomass productivity across a wide range of locations. As the aromatic biomass component lignin exhibits a higher energy density than cell wall polysaccharides and is generally used as an indicator for heating or calorific value, genetic engineering could be a feasible strategy to develop M. sinensis biomass with increased lignin content and thus improving the energetic value of the biomass. RESULTS For this purpose, transgenic M. sinensis were generated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation for expression of ZmMYB167, a MYB transcription factor known for regulating lignin biosynthesis in C3 and C4 grasses. Four independent transgenic ZmMYB167 Miscanthus lines were obtained. Agronomic traits such as plant height, tillering and above-ground dry weight biomass of the transgenic plants were not different to that of wild-type control plants. Total lignin content of the transgenic plants was ~ 15-24% higher compared with control plants. However, the structural carbohydrates, glucan and xylan, were decreased by ~ 2-7% and ~ 8-10%, respectively, in the transgenic plants. Moreover, expression of ZmMYB167 in transgenic plants did not alter lignin composition, phenolic compounds or enzymatic saccharification efficiency yields but importantly improved total energy levels in Miscanthus biomass, equivalent to 10% higher energy yield per hectare. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights ZmMYB167 as a suitable target for genetic lignin bioengineering interventions aimed at advancing and developing lignocellulosic biomass supply chains for sustainable production of renewable bioenergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Bhatia
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE, UK. .,Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Emma Timms-Taravella
- grid.8186.70000 0001 2168 2483Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE UK
| | - Luned A. Roberts
- grid.8186.70000 0001 2168 2483Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE UK
| | - Odin M. Moron-Garcia
- grid.8186.70000 0001 2168 2483Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE UK
| | - Barbara Hauck
- grid.8186.70000 0001 2168 2483Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE UK
| | - Sue Dalton
- grid.8186.70000 0001 2168 2483Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE UK
| | - Joe A. Gallagher
- grid.8186.70000 0001 2168 2483Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE UK
| | - Moritz Wagner
- Department of Applied Ecology, Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - John Clifton-Brown
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE, UK.
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Trieu A, Belaffif MB, Hirannaiah P, Manjunatha S, Wood R, Bathula Y, Billingsley RL, Arpan A, Sacks EJ, Clemente TE, Moose SP, Reichert NA, Swaminathan K. Transformation and gene editing in the bioenergy grass Miscanthus. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod 2022; 15:148. [PMID: 36578060 PMCID: PMC9798709 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Miscanthus, a C4 member of Poaceae, is a promising perennial crop for bioenergy, renewable bioproducts, and carbon sequestration. Species of interest include nothospecies M. x giganteus and its parental species M. sacchariflorus and M. sinensis. Use of biotechnology-based procedures to genetically improve Miscanthus, to date, have only included plant transformation procedures for introduction of exogenous genes into the host genome at random, non-targeted sites. RESULTS We developed gene editing procedures for Miscanthus using CRISPR/Cas9 that enabled the mutation of a specific (targeted) endogenous gene to knock out its function. Classified as paleo-allopolyploids (duplicated ancient Sorghum-like DNA plus chromosome fusion event), design of guide RNAs (gRNAs) for Miscanthus needed to target both homeologs and their alleles to account for functional redundancy. Prior research in Zea mays demonstrated that editing the lemon white1 (lw1) gene, involved in chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis, via CRISPR/Cas9 yielded pale green/yellow, striped or white leaf phenotypes making lw1 a promising target for visual confirmation of editing in other species. Using sequence information from both Miscanthus and sorghum, orthologs of maize lw1 were identified; a multi-step screening approach was used to select three gRNAs that could target homeologs of lw1. Embryogenic calli of M. sacchariflorus, M. sinensis and M. x giganteus were transformed via particle bombardment (biolistics) or Agrobacterium tumefaciens introducing the Cas9 gene and three gRNAs to edit lw1. Leaves on edited Miscanthus plants displayed the same phenotypes noted in maize. Sanger sequencing confirmed editing; deletions in lw1 ranged from 1 to 26 bp in length, and one deletion (433 bp) encompassed two target sites. Confocal microscopy verified lack of autofluorescence (chlorophyll) in edited leaves/sectors. CONCLUSIONS We developed procedures for gene editing via CRISPR/Cas9 in Miscanthus and, to the best of our knowledge, are the first to do so. This included five genotypes representing three Miscanthus species. Designed gRNAs targeted all copies of lw1 (homeologous copies and their alleles); results also confirmed lw1 made a good editing target in species other than Z. mays. The ability to target specific loci to enable endogenous gene editing presents a new avenue for genetic improvement of this important biomass crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Trieu
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Mohammad B. Belaffif
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Pradeepa Hirannaiah
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Shilpa Manjunatha
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Rebekah Wood
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Yokshitha Bathula
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Rebecca L. Billingsley
- grid.260120.70000 0001 0816 8287Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, 295 Lee Blvd., Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Anjali Arpan
- grid.260120.70000 0001 0816 8287Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, 295 Lee Blvd., Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Erik J. Sacks
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Crop Sciences, E.R. Madigan Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Thomas E. Clemente
- grid.24434.350000 0004 1937 0060Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Stephen P. Moose
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Crop Sciences, E.R. Madigan Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Nancy A. Reichert
- grid.260120.70000 0001 0816 8287Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, 295 Lee Blvd., Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Kankshita Swaminathan
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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Haruma T, Doyama K, Lu X, Arima T, Igarashi T, Tomiyama S, Yamaji K. Oosporein Produced by Root Endophytic Chaetomium cupreum Promotes the Growth of Host Plant, Miscanthus sinensis, under Aluminum Stress at the Appropriate Concentration. Plants (Basel) 2022; 12:36. [PMID: 36616165 PMCID: PMC9824719 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chaetomium cupreum, a root endophyte in Miscanthus sinensis, enhances Al tolerance in M. sinensis by changing aluminum (Al) localization and the production of a siderophore, oosporein, which chelates Al for detoxification. Oosporein has various functions, including insecticidal activity, phytotoxicity, antifungal activity, and a siderophore. In our study, we focused on the detoxification effect of oosporein as a siderophore and on the growth of M. sinensis under Al exposure. In addition, the phytotoxicity of oosporein to M. sinensis was confirmed to compare with those in Lactuca sativa and Oryza sativa as control plants. Under Al stress, oosporein promoted plant growth in M. sinensis seedlings at 10 ppm, which was the same concentration as that detected in M. sinensis roots infected with C. cupreum in our previous study. Oosporein also showed low phytotoxicity to M. sinensis compared with L. sativa at even high concentrations of oosporein. These results suggest that the concentration of oosporein in M. sinensis roots would be maintained at the appropriate concentration to detoxify Al and would promote M. sinensis growth under Al stress, although oosporein would show low phytotoxicity to the natural host plant, M. sinensis, compared with the non-host plant, L. sativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikatsu Haruma
- Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kohei Doyama
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Xingyan Lu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Takahiko Arima
- Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Igarashi
- Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Shingo Tomiyama
- Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamaji
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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Chen J, Ran Q, Yang Z, Zhou Y, Yuan Z, Lai H, Wang J, Nie G, Zhu Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profile of the HD-Zip Transcription Factor Family Associated with Seed Germination and Abiotic Stress Response in Miscanthus sinensis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13. [PMID: 36553523 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Miscanthus sinensis is an ornamental grass, non-food bioenergy crop, and forage with high feeding value. It can adapt to many kinds of soil conditions due to its high level of resistance to various abiotic stresses. However, a low level of seed germination restricts the utilization and application of M. sinensis. It is reported that the Homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) gene family participates in plant growth and development and ability to cope with outside environment stresses, which may potentially regulate seed germination and stress resistance in M. sinensis. In this study, a complete overview of M. sinensis HD-Zip genes was conducted, including gene structure, conserved motifs, chromosomal distribution, and gene duplication patterns. A total of 169 members were identified, and the HD-Zip proteins were divided into four subgroups. Inter-chromosomal evolutionary analysis revealed that four pairs of tandem duplicate genes and 72 segmental duplications were detected, suggesting the possible role of gene replication events in the amplification of the M. sinensis HD-Zip gene family. There was an uneven distribution of HD-Zip genes on 19 chromosomes of M. sinensis. Also, evolutionary analysis showed that M. sinensis HD-Zip gene family members had more collinearity with monocotyledons and less with dicotyledons. The gene structure analysis showed that there were 93.5% of proteins with motif 1 and motif 4, while motif 10 was only found in group IV. Based on the cis-elements analysis, it appeared that most of the genes were related to plant growth and development, various hormones, and abiotic stress. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis showed that Misin06G303300.1 was significantly expressed in seed germination and Misin05G030000.1 and Misin06G303300.1 were highly expressed under chromium, salt, and drought stress. Results in this study will provide a basis for further exploring the potential role of HD-Zip genes in stress responses and genetic improvement of M. sinensis seed germination.
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Zhao X, Xu Y, He G, He K, Xiao L, Hu R, Li S. Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of the GRAS Gene Family in Salt and Alkali Stresses in Miscanthus sinensis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36498850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The GRAS family genes encode plant-specific transcription factors that play important roles in a diverse range of developmental processes and abiotic stress responses. However, the information of GRAS gene family in the bioenergy crop Miscanthus has not been available. Here, we report the genome-wide identification of GRAS gene family in Micanthus sinensis. A total of 123 MsGRAS genes were identified, which were divided into ten subfamilies based on the phylogenetic analysis. The co-linearity analysis revealed that 59 MsGRAS genes experienced segmental duplication, forming 35 paralogous pairs. The expression of six MsGRAS genes in responding to salt, alkali, and mixed salt-alkali stresses was analyzed by transcriptome and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays. Furthermore, the role of MsGRAS60 in salt and alkali stress response was characterized in transgenic Arabidopsis. The MsGRAS60 overexpression lines exhibited hyposensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment and resulted in compromised tolerance to salt and alkali stresses, suggesting that MsGRAS60 is a negative regulator of salt and alkali tolerance via an ABA-dependent signaling pathway. The salt and alkali stress-inducible MsGRAS genes identified serve as candidates for the improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in Miscanthus.
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Malaťák J, Velebil J, Malaťáková J, Passian L, Bradna J, Tamelová B, Gendek A, Aniszewska M. Reducing Emissions from Combustion of Grape Residues in Mixtures with Herbaceous Biomass. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:7288. [PMID: 36295353 PMCID: PMC9609673 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The use of grape residues as a renewable energy source for combustion presents various problems. One of these is the excessive production of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. Analyses and combustion tests were performed on white and red grape pomace as well as grape stems. To verify the possibility of a reduction in emissions, straw of Miscanthus sinensis was added to mixtures with red grape pomace. Emission concentrations of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides were determined on a grate combustion device with a nominal thermal output of 8 kW under steady-state conditions. In addition to these emission concentrations, the excess air factor and the flue gas temperature were monitored. The results show a high energy content in grape residues. In red grape pomace, the gross calorific value of dry matter reached 22.17 MJ kg-1. Unfavourable properties included high ash and nitrogen contents. During combustion tests on all types of grape residue, the emission concentrations of carbon monoxide were above the legal limit for the combustion of solid fuels. The addition of Miscanthus straw improved the behaviour during combustion. The maximum content of grape pomace in the mixture capable of meeting legislative emission requirements was 50% wt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Malaťák
- Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Velebil
- Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Malaťáková
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Luboš Passian
- Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Bradna
- Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Tamelová
- Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Arkadiusz Gendek
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 164, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Aniszewska
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 164, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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Guo MN, Zhong X, Liu WS, Wang GB, Chao YQ, Huot H, Qiu RL, Morel JL, Watteau F, Séré G, Tang YT. Biogeochemical dynamics of nutrients and rare earth elements (REEs) during natural succession from biocrusts to pioneer plants in REE mine tailings in southern China. Sci Total Environ 2022; 828:154361. [PMID: 35288140 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The exploitation of ion-adsorption rare earth element (REE) deposits has resulted in large quantities of abandoned mine tailings, which pose significant risks to the surrounding environment. However, the natural evolutional patterns at early successional stages and related biogeochemical dynamics (e.g. nutrient and REE cycling) on such mine tailings remains poorly understood. To this end, a chronosequence of REE mine tailings abandoned for up to 15 years was investigated in a post-mining site in south China. Our results showed that biocrusts were the earliest colonizers on these tailings, reaching a peak of 10% of surface coverage after 10 years of abandonment. Later on, after 15 years, the biocrusts began to be replaced by pioneer plants (e.g. Miscanthus sinensis), suggesting a rather rapid succession. This ecological succession was accompanied by obvious changes in soil nutrients and microbial community structure. Compared to bulk soils, both the biocrusts and rhizospheric soils favored an accumulation of nutrients (e.g. P, S, N, C). Notably, the autotrophic bacteria (e.g. Chloroflexi and Cyanobacteria) with C and N fixation abilities were preferentially enriched in biocrusts, while heterotrophic plant growth promoting bacteria (e.g. Pseudoocardiaceae and Acidobacteriales) were mainly present in the rhizosphere. Moreover, the biocrusts showed a remarkably high concentration of REEs (up to 1820 mg kg-1), while the rhizospheric soils tended to decrease REE concentrations (~400 mg kg-1) in comparison with bulk soils, indicating that the REEs could be redistributed by biological processes. Principal component analysis and mantel tests showed that the concentrations of nutrients and REEs were the most important factors affecting the microbial communities in biocrusts, rhizospheric and bulk soils. In sum, based on the observation of nutrient accumulation and pollutant (i.e. REE) dynamics in the initial successional stages, this work provides a feasible theoretical basis for future restoration practices on REE mine tailings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Na Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, INRAE-Université de Lorraine, F-54518 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Xi Zhong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wen-Shen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Guo-Bao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Chao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hermine Huot
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Rong-Liang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jean Louis Morel
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, INRAE-Université de Lorraine, F-54518 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Francoise Watteau
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, INRAE-Université de Lorraine, F-54518 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Geoffroy Séré
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, INRAE-Université de Lorraine, F-54518 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Ye-Tao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Frontiers Production Office. Erratum: Genome-Wide Investigation of the NAC Transcription Factor Family in Miscanthus sinensis and Expression Analysis Under Various Abiotic Stress. Front Plant Sci 2022; 12:832799. [PMID: 35069675 PMCID: PMC8771861 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.832799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.766550.].
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Nie G, Yang Z, He J, Liu A, Chen J, Wang S, Wang X, Feng G, Li D, Peng Y, Huang L, Zhang X. Genome-Wide Investigation of the NAC Transcription Factor Family in Miscanthus sinensis and Expression Analysis Under Various Abiotic Stress. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:766550. [PMID: 34804100 PMCID: PMC8600139 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.766550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The NAC transcription factor family is deemed to be a large plant-specific gene family that plays important roles in plant development and stress response. Miscanthus sinensis is commonly planted in vast marginal land as forage, ornamental grass, or bioenergy crop which demand a relatively high resistance to abiotic stresses. The recent release of a draft chromosome-scale assembly genome of M. sinensis provided a basic platform for the genome-wide investigation of NAC proteins. In this study, a total of 261 M. sinensis NAC genes were identified and a complete overview of the gene family was presented, including gene structure, conserved motif compositions, chromosomal distribution, and gene duplications. Results showed that gene length, molecular weights (MW), and theoretical isoelectric points (pI) of NAC family were varied, while gene structure and motifs were relatively conserved. Chromosomal mapping analysis found that the M. sinensis NAC genes were unevenly distributed on 19 M. sinensis chromosomes, and the interchromosomal evolutionary analysis showed that nine pairs of tandem duplicates genes and 121 segmental duplications were identified, suggesting that gene duplication, especially segmental duplication, is possibly associated with the amplification of M. sinensis NAC gene family. The expression patterns of 14 genes from M. sinensis SNAC subgroup were analyzed under high salinity, PEG, and heavy metals, and multiple NAC genes could be induced by the treatment. These results will provide a very useful reference for follow-up study of the functional characteristics of NAC genes in the mechanism of stress-responsive and potential roles in the development of M. sinensis.
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Wang Y, Li X, Wang C, Gao L, Wu Y, Ni X, Sun J, Jiang J. Unveiling the transcriptomic complexity of Miscanthus sinensis using a combination of PacBio long read- and Illumina short read sequencing platforms. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:690. [PMID: 34551715 PMCID: PMC8459517 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07971-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Miscanthus sinensis Andersson is a perennial grass that exhibits remarkable lignocellulose characteristics suitable for sustainable bioenergy production. However, knowledge of the genetic resources of this species is relatively limited, which considerably hampers further work on its biology and genetic improvement. Results In this study, through analyzing the transcriptome of mixed samples of leaves and stems using the latest PacBio Iso-Seq sequencing technology combined with Illumina HiSeq, we report the first full-length transcriptome dataset of M. sinensis with a total of 58.21 Gb clean data. An average of 15.75 Gb clean reads of each sample were obtained from the PacBio Iso-Seq system, which doubled the data size (6.68 Gb) obtained from the Illumina HiSeq platform. The integrated analyses of PacBio- and Illumina-based transcriptomic data uncovered 408,801 non-redundant transcripts with an average length of 1,685 bp. Of those, 189,406 transcripts were commonly identified by both methods, 169,149 transcripts with an average length of 619 bp were uniquely identified by Illumina HiSeq, and 51,246 transcripts with an average length of 2,535 bp were uniquely identified by PacBio Iso-Seq. Approximately 96 % of the final combined transcripts were mapped back to the Miscanthus genome, reflecting the high quality and coverage of our sequencing results. When comparing our data with genomes of four species of Andropogoneae, M. sinensis showed the closest relationship with sugarcane with up to 93 % mapping ratios, followed by sorghum with up to 80 % mapping ratios, indicating a high conservation of orthologs in these three genomes. Furthermore, 306,228 transcripts were successfully annotated against public databases including cell wall related genes and transcript factor families, thus providing many new insights into gene functions. The PacBio Iso-Seq data also helped identify 3,898 alternative splicing events and 2,963 annotated AS isoforms within 10 function categories. Conclusions Taken together, the present study provides a rich data set of full-length transcripts that greatly enriches our understanding of M. sinensis transcriptomic resources, thus facilitating further genetic improvement and molecular studies of the Miscanthus species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07971-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Wang
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Li
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Congsheng Wang
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanfang Wu
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingnan Ni
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianxiong Jiang
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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Sun X, Song B, Xu R, Zhang M, Gao P, Lin H, Sun W. Root-associated (rhizosphere and endosphere) microbiomes of the Miscanthus sinensis and their response to the heavy metal contamination. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 104:387-398. [PMID: 33985741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The plant root-associated microbiomes, including both the rhizosphere and the root endosphere microbial community, are considered as a critical extension of the plant genome. Comparing to the well-studied rhizosphere microbiome, the understanding of the root endophytic microbiome is still in its infancy. Miscanthus sinensis is a pioneering plant that could thrive on metal contaminated lands and holds the potential for phytoremediation applications. Characterizing its root-associated microbiome, especially the root endophytic microbiome, could provide pivotal knowledge for phytoremediation of mine tailings. In the current study, M. sinensis residing in two Pb/Zn tailings and one uncontaminated site were collected. The results demonstrated that the metal contaminant fractions exposed strong impacts on the microbial community structures. Their influences on the microbial community, however, gradually decreases from the bulk soil through the rhizosphere soil and finally to the endosphere, which resulting in distinct root endophytic microbial community structures compared to both the bulk and rhizosphere soil. Diverse members affiliated with the order Rhizobiales was identified as the core microbiome residing in the root of M. sinensis. In addition, enrichment of plant-growth promoting functions within the root endosphere were predicted, suggesting the root endophytes may provide critical services to the host plant. The current study provides new insights into taxonomy and potential functions of the root-associated microbiomes of the pioneer plant, M. sinensis, which may facilitate future phytoremediation practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Sun
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Benru Song
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Rui Xu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Pin Gao
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hanzhi Lin
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Weimin Sun
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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Haruma T, Yamaji K, Masuya H. Phialocephala fortinii increases aluminum tolerance in Miscanthus sinensis growing in acidic mine soil. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 73:300-307. [PMID: 34042204 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Miscanthus sinensis growing in our study mine site contained a high concentration of Al in the adventitious roots. It has a root endophyte, Phialocephala fortinii, in its adventitious roots at a high frequency. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of P. fortinii on Al tolerance mechanisms of M. sinensis and reveal potential underlying mechanisms. In the absence of P. fortinii, M. sinensis produced chlorogenic, citric, and malic acids that could act to alleviate Al toxicity in acidic mine soil. Up on fungal inoculation, the levels of these compounds were reduced, although the growth of seedlings and Mg concentration in the roots were increased. IAA production by the fungus may contribute to enhanced plant growth whereas an increase of Mg uptake could reduce toxicity of reactive oxygen species under Al stress. These actions of P. fortinii could promote growth and survival of M. sinensis in mine sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Haruma
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Naka, Japan.,Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - K Yamaji
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - H Masuya
- Department of Mushroom Science and Forest Microbiology Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
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Guo Z, Xu M, Nagano H, Clark LV, Sacks EJ, Yamada T. Characterization of the Ghd8 Flowering Time Gene in a Mini-Core Collection of Miscanthus sinensis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:288. [PMID: 33669585 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The optimal flowering time for bioenergy crop Miscanthus is essential for environmental adaptability and biomass accumulation. However, little is known about how genes controlling flowering in other grasses contribute to flowering regulation in Miscanthus. Here, we report on the sequence characterization and gene expression of Miscanthus sinensisGhd8, a transcription factor encoding a HAP3/NF-YB DNA-binding domain, which has been identified as a major quantitative trait locus in rice, with pleiotropic effects on grain yield, heading date and plant height. In M. sinensis, we identified two homoeologous loci, MsiGhd8A located on chromosome 13 and MsiGhd8B on chromosome 7, with one on each of this paleo-allotetraploid species’ subgenomes. A total of 46 alleles and 28 predicted protein sequence types were identified in 12 wild-collected accessions. Several variants of MsiGhd8 showed a geographic and latitudinal distribution. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that MsiGhd8 expressed under both long days and short days, and MsiGhd8B showed a significantly higher expression than MsiGhd8A. The comparison between flowering time and gene expression indicated that MsiGhd8B affected flowering time in response to day length for some accessions. This study provides insight into the conserved function of Ghd8 in the Poaceae, and is an important initial step in elucidating the flowering regulatory network of Miscanthus.
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Bergs M, Monakhova Y, Diehl BW, Konow C, Völkering G, Pude R, Schulze M. Lignins Isolated via Catalyst-Free Organosolv Pulping from Miscanthus x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara: A Comparative Study. Molecules 2021; 26:842. [PMID: 33562747 PMCID: PMC7915034 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As a low-input crop, Miscanthus offers numerous advantages that, in addition to agricultural applications, permits its exploitation for energy, fuel, and material production. Depending on the Miscanthus genotype, season, and harvest time as well as plant component (leaf versus stem), correlations between structure and properties of the corresponding isolated lignins differ. Here, a comparative study is presented between lignins isolated from M. x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara using a catalyst-free organosolv pulping process. The lignins from different plant constituents are also compared regarding their similarities and differences regarding monolignol ratio and important linkages. Results showed that the plant genotype has the weakest influence on monolignol content and interunit linkages. In contrast, structural differences are more significant among lignins of different harvest time and/or season. Analyses were performed using fast and simple methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Data was assigned to four different linkages (A: β-O-4 linkage, B: phenylcoumaran, C: resinol, D: β-unsaturated ester). In conclusion, A content is particularly high in leaf-derived lignins at just under 70% and significantly lower in stem and mixture lignins at around 60% and almost 65%. The second most common linkage pattern is D in all isolated lignins, the proportion of which is also strongly dependent on the crop portion. Both stem and mixture lignins, have a relatively high share of approximately 20% or more (maximum is M. sinensis Sin2 with over 30%). In the leaf-derived lignins, the proportions are significantly lower on average. Stem samples should be chosen if the highest possible lignin content is desired, specifically from the M. x giganteus genotype, which revealed lignin contents up to 27%. Due to the better frost resistance and higher stem stability, M. nagara offers some advantages compared to M. x giganteus. Miscanthus crops are shown to be very attractive lignocellulose feedstock (LCF) for second generation biorefineries and lignin generation in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Bergs
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Strasse 20, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany;
- Spectral Service AG, Emil-Hoffmann-Strasse 33, D-50996 Köln, Germany;
| | - Yulia Monakhova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Street 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia;
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Aachen, Chemistry and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Mußmann-Strasse 1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernd W. Diehl
- Spectral Service AG, Emil-Hoffmann-Strasse 33, D-50996 Köln, Germany;
| | - Christopher Konow
- Department of Chemistry, MS 015, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA;
| | - Georg Völkering
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Klein-Altendorf 2, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (G.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Ralf Pude
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Klein-Altendorf 2, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (G.V.); (R.P.)
- Field Lab Campus Klein-Altendorf, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Campus Klein-Altendorf 1, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Margit Schulze
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Strasse 20, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany;
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Nie G, Liao Z, Zhong M, Zhou J, Cai J, Liu A, Wang X, Zhang X. MicroRNA-Mediated Responses to Chromium Stress Provide Insight Into Tolerance Characteristics of Miscanthus sinensis. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:666117. [PMID: 34249038 PMCID: PMC8261058 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.666117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a heavy metal in nature, which poses a potential risk to toxicity to both animals and plants when releasing into the environment. However, the regulation of microRNA (miRNA)-mediated response to heavy metal Cr has not been studied in Miscanthus sinensis. In this study, based on high-throughput miRNA sequencing, a total of 104 conserved miRNAs and 158 nonconserved miRNAs were identified. Among them, there were 45 differentially expressed miRNAs in roots and 13 differentially expressed miRNAs in leaves. The hierarchical clustering analysis showed that these miRNAs were preferentially expressed in a certain tissue. There were 833 differentially expressed target genes of 45 miRNAs in roots and 280 differentially expressed target genes of 13 miRNA in leaves. After expression trend analysis, five significantly enriched modules were obtained in roots, and three significantly enriched trend blocks in leaves. Based on the candidate gene annotation and gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) function analysis, miR167a, novel_miR15, and novel_miR22 and their targets were potentially involved in Cr transportation and chelation. Besides, miR156a, miR164, miR396d, and novel_miR155 were identified as participating in the physiological and biochemical metabolisms and the detoxification of Cr of plants. The results demonstrated the critical role of miRNA-mediated responses to Cr treatment in M. sinensis, which involves ion uptake, transport, accumulation, and tolerance characteristics.
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Pinzon IAP, Razal RA, Mendoza RC, Carpio RB, Eusebio RCP. Parametric study on microwave-assisted extraction of runo ( Miscanthus sinensis Andersson) dye and its application to paper and cotton fabric. Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 2020; 28:e00556. [PMID: 33294404 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Miscanthus sinensis, an invasive plant species as potential source of commercial dyes. Microwave extraction can yield dye extracts from M. sinensis. Optimum condition is at 15 s −150 mL solvent - 540 W microwave power setting. Extraction using 1:1 ethanol-water mixture had highest yield and color-fastness. Mordant application improves binding of flavonoid-based M. sinensis dyes on fabric.
The study was designed to devise a high-yielding, microwave-assisted extraction of the colored material from the core tissue of runo (Miscanthus sinensis Andersson) stem. Soxhlet extraction of M. sinensis core tissue gave yields ranging from 1.04 % with dichloromethane to 11.91 % from 1:1 ethanol-water mixture. Folin-Ciocalteau tests showed that the extracts were primarily flavonoid compounds, accounting for 66.05 ppm of the total 1:1 ethanol-water extractable material. Initial application trials of the ethanol, ethyl acetate, and ethanol-water extracts followed by color fastness tests showed poor retention on both paper and cotton fabric, suggesting the need for a mordant. Subsequent trials with aluminum acetate as mordant showed greatly improved binding of the ethanol-water extracted dye onto the cotton fabric following wash, rubbing, and light fastness tests. A two-level, full factorial model extraction procedure to determine the effects of extraction time (15 s – 90 s), solvent volume (50 mL – 150 mL), and microwave power level (90 W – 540 W) was done for all solvents used. All three factors had a significant effect on the dye extraction yield, along with the interactions between duration-power level and volume-power level. The highest yield for microwave assisted extraction was at 15 s −150 mL – 540 W setting. Results suggest that microwave extraction can potentially produce dye extracts from M. sinensis core material with a faster throughput than simple soaking and Soxhlet extraction.
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Huang CL, Sarkar R, Hsu TW, Yang CF, Chien CH, Chang WC, Chiang TY. Endophytic Microbiome of Biofuel Plant Miscanthus sinensis (Poaceae) Interacts with Environmental Gradients. Microb Ecol 2020; 80:133-144. [PMID: 31832698 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Miscanthus in Taiwan occupies a cline along altitude and adapts to diverse environments, e.g., habitats of high salinity and volcanoes. Rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria may help Miscanthus acclimate to those stresses. The relative contributions of rhizosphere vs. endosphere compartments to the adaptation remain unknown. Here, we used targeted metagenomics to compare the microbial communities in the rhizosphere and endosphere among ecotypes of M. sinensis that dwell habitats under different stresses. Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria predominated in the endosphere. Diverse phyla constituted the rhizosphere microbiome, including a core microbiome found consistently across habitats. In endosphere, the predominance of the bacteria colonizing from the surrounding soil suggests that soil recruitment must have subsequently determined the endophytic microbiome in Miscanthus roots. In endosphere, the bacterial diversity decreased with the altitude, likely corresponding to rising limitation to microorganisms according to the species-energy theory. Specific endophytes were associated with different environmental stresses, e.g., Pseudomonas spp. for alpine and Agrobacterium spp. for coastal habitats. This suggests Miscanthus actively recruits an endosphere microbiome from the rhizosphere it influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Li Huang
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Rakesh Sarkar
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Wen Hsu
- Endemic Species Research Institute, Nantou, 55244, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fen Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Chien
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Chang
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Tzen-Yuh Chiang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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Awty‐Carroll D, Hauck B, Clifton‐Brown J, Robson P. Allelopathic and intraspecific growth competition effects establishment of direct sown Miscanthus. Glob Change Biol Bioenergy 2020; 12:396-409. [PMID: 32612681 PMCID: PMC7319486 DOI: 10.1111/gcbb.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High yielding perennial crops are being developed as a sustainable feedstock for renewable energy and bioproducts. Miscanthus is a leading biomass crop, but most plantations comprise a sterile hybrid Miscanthus × giganteus that is clonally propagated. To develop new varieties across large areas, rhizome cloning is inefficient, time consuming and expensive. Alternative approaches use seed, and in temperate regions, this has been successfully applied by raising seedlings as plug plants in glasshouses before transfer to the field. Direct sowing has yet to be proven commercially viable because poor germination has resulted in inconsistent stand establishment. Oversowing using seed clusters is a common approach to improve the establishment of crops and it was hypothesized that such an approach will improve uniformity of density in early Miscanthus stands and thereby improve yield. Sowing multiple seeds creates potential for new interactions, and we identified at least two inhibitory mechanisms related to seed numbers. Germinating seed produced allelopathic effects on nearby seed thereby inhibiting plant growth. The inhibitory effect of Miscanthus seed on germination percentages was related to seed number within clusters. An extract from germinating Miscanthus seed inhibited the germination of Miscanthus seed. The extract was analysed by HPLC, which identified a complex mixture including several known allelopathic compounds including proanthocyanidins and vanillic acid. There was also evidence of root competition in soil in a controlled environment experiment. When the experiment on competition was replicated at field scale, the establishment rates were much lower and there was evidence of shoot competition. We conclude that the numbers of seed required to ensure an acceptable level of establishment in the field may be economically impractical until other agronomic techniques are included either to reduce the inhibitory effects of higher seed numbers or to reduce oversowing rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Awty‐Carroll
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural SciencesAberystwyth UniversityGogerddanUK
| | - Barbara Hauck
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural SciencesAberystwyth UniversityGogerddanUK
| | - John Clifton‐Brown
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural SciencesAberystwyth UniversityGogerddanUK
| | - Paul Robson
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural SciencesAberystwyth UniversityGogerddanUK
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Li L, Ye P, Chen M, Tang S, Luo Y, Gao Y, Yan Q, Cheng X. A Two-Step Ferric Chloride and Dilute Alkaline Pretreatment for Enhancing Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentable Sugar Recovery from Miscanthus sinensis. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081843. [PMID: 32316307 PMCID: PMC7221650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A two-step process was proposed to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of Miscanthus sinensis based on a comparative study of acid/alkaline pretreatments. Ferric chloride pretreatment (FP) effectively removed hemicellulose and recovered soluble sugars, but the enzymatic hydrolysis was not efficient. Dilute alkaline pretreatment (ALP) resulted in much better delignification and stronger morphological changes of the sample, making it more accessible to enzymes. While ALP obtained the highest sugar yield during enzymatic hydrolysis, the soluble sugar recovery from the pretreatment stage was still limited. Furthermore, a two-step ferric chloride and dilute alkaline pretreatment (F-ALP) has been successfully developed by effectively recovering soluble sugars in the first FP step and further removing lignin of the FP sample in the second ALP step to improve its enzymatic hydrolysis. As a result, the two-step process yielded the highest total sugar recovery (418.8 mg/g raw stalk) through the whole process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiong Yan
- Correspondence: (Q.Y.); (X.C.); Tel.: +86-10-51684351-209 (X.C.)
| | - Xiyu Cheng
- Correspondence: (Q.Y.); (X.C.); Tel.: +86-10-51684351-209 (X.C.)
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21
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Zhong M, Yang X, Hu Y, Huang L, Peng Y, Li Z, Liu Q, Wang X, Zhang X, Nie G. Identification of candidate reference genes for quantitative RT-PCR in Miscanthus sinensis subjected to various abiotic stresses. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2913-2927. [PMID: 32222917 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05392-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) has been widely used for studying gene expression at the transcript level. Its accuracy usually relies on the reference genes that are utilized for data normalization. Miscanthus sinensis, a perennial C4 grass with high biomass and strong resistance to adversities, is often utilized as a high value energy crop. However, no reliable reference genes have been investigated for normalizing gene expression for this species. In this study, 12 candidate reference genes were selected to identify their stability under five different abiotic stress treatments (drought, salt, cadmium, chromium and arsenic) by using geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper and RefFinder softwares. The results showed that 18S rRNA and Unigene33312 were the best reference genes under drought treatments. Unigene33312 and Unigene33024 were found to be the most stably expressed genes under salt stress and Cd stress. Moreover, Unigene33024 and PP2A were the most suitable reference genes under Cr stress and Unigene33024 and Sb09g019750 were deemed more suitable reference genes under As stress. In total, considering all the samples, Unigene33024 and PP2A were the most stable genes while ACTIN and Unigene26576 were the least stable reference genes for internal control. The expression patterns of two target genes (Cu/Zn SOD and CAT) were used to further verify those selected reference genes under different conditions. The results showed that the most and the least stable reference genes had clearly different expression patterns. This work comprehensively estimated the stability of reference genes in M. sinensis which may give insight to the reference genes selection in other tissues as well as other related varieties. These suggested reference genes would assist in further putative gene expression validation in M. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Zhong
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinying Yang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiyue Hu
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiuxu Liu
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Gang Nie
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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22
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Zhao A, Gao L, Chen B, Feng L. Phytoremediation potential of Miscanthus sinensis for mercury-polluted sites and its impacts on soil microbial community. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:34818-34829. [PMID: 31654309 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation potential of Miscanthus sinensis and its impacts on soil microbial community and nutrients were evaluated by pot experiment at soil mercury concentration from 1.48 to 706 mg kg-1. The changes in biomass yield in dry mass, chlorophyll content, and SOD activity indicated Miscanthus sinensis was tolerant to higher levels of soil mercury exposure, and could grow even if at soil mercury up to 706 mg kg-1. Mercury bioconcentration and translocation factors were close to or greater than 1 when exposed to soil mercury up to 183 mg kg-1, demonstrating Miscanthus sinensis a potential phytoremediator for mercury-polluted soils. Miscanthus sinensis planting could significantly improve the diversity and abundance of soil microbial community, but might cause potential loss of soil nitrogen and phosphorus in the early and middle of its growth. In a word, the study indicated Miscanthus sinensis was a promising energy crop linking biofuel production and phytoremediation of mercury-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhao
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Gao
- Environmental Convention Implementation Technical Center, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Buqing Chen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Feng
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Liber Y, Létondor C, Pascal-Lorber S, Laurent F. Growth parameters influencing uptake of chlordecone by Miscanthus species. Sci Total Environ 2018; 624:831-837. [PMID: 29274607 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Because of its high persistence in soils, t1/2=30years, chlordecone (CLD) was classified as a persistent organic pollutant (POP) by the Stockholm Convention in 2009.The distribution of CLD over time has been heterogeneous, ranging from banana plantations to watersheds, and contaminating all environmental compartments. The aims of this study were to (i) evaluate the potential of Miscanthus species to extract chlordecone from contaminated soils, (ii) identify the growth parameters that influence the transfer of CLD from the soil to aboveground plant parts. CLD uptake was investigated in two species of Miscanthus, C4 plants adapted to tropical climates. M. sinensis and M.×giganteus were transplanted in a soil spiked with [14C]CLD at environmental concentrations (1mgkg-1) under controlled conditions. Root-shoot transfer of CLD was compared in the two species after two growing periods (2 then 6months) after transplantation. CLD was found in all plant organs, roots, rhizomes, stems, leaves, and even flower spikes. The highest concentration of CLD was in the roots, 5398±1636 (M.×giganteus) and 14842±3210ngg-1 DW (M. sinensis), whereas the concentration in shoots was lower, 152±28 (M.×giganteus) and 266±70ngg-1 DW (M. sinensis) in soil contaminated at 1mgkg-1. CLD translocation led to an acropetal gradient from the bottom to the top of the plants. CLD concentrations were also monitored over two complete growing periods (10months) in M. sinensis grown in 8.05mgkg-1 CLD contaminated soils. Concentrations decreased in M. sinensis shoots after the second growth period due to the increase in organic matters in the vicinity of the roots. Results showed that, owing to their respective biomass production, the two species were equally efficient at phytoextraction of CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Liber
- Ecolab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR1331, 3, Av Agrobiopole, 31062 Toulouse, France; Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 93173, 31027 Toulouse Cedex 3, France; ENTPE-CNRS, UMR 5023 LEHNA, 69518 Vaulx-en-Velin, France
| | - Clarisse Létondor
- Ecolab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR1331, 3, Av Agrobiopole, 31062 Toulouse, France; ADEME, 20 Avenue du Grésillé, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Sophie Pascal-Lorber
- Ecolab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR1331, 3, Av Agrobiopole, 31062 Toulouse, France; Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 93173, 31027 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
| | - François Laurent
- Ecolab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR1331, 3, Av Agrobiopole, 31062 Toulouse, France; Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 93173, 31027 Toulouse Cedex 3, France.
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24
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Li J, Wang Z, Liu TS, Gong LM, Liu QR, Tao QB, Fan ZS, Li SX. [Studies on identification of Phragmitis Rhizoma and its counterfeits]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2017; 42:3320-3325. [PMID: 29192441 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20170814.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to explore the main differential characteristics of Phragmites Rhizoma and its counterfeits (rhizomes of Arundo donax, Triarrhena lutarioriparia and Miscanthus sinensis) and provide experimental basis for the reasonable applications of gramineous plants through system research and comparison of plant morphogenesis, character, transverse organization characteristics and powder microscopic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.,Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Bioactive Substance Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Ta-Si Liu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Li-Min Gong
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Qing-Ru Liu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Qing-Biao Tao
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Zi-Sheng Fan
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Shun-Xiang Li
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.,Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Bioactive Substance Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
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25
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Jin X, Chen X, Shi C, Li M, Guan Y, Yu CY, Yamada T, Sacks EJ, Peng J. Determination of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin content using visible and near infrared spectroscopy in Miscanthus sinensis. Bioresour Technol 2017; 241:603-609. [PMID: 28601778 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic components including hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin are the three major components of plant cell walls, and their proportions in biomass crops, such as Miscanthus sinensis, greatly impact feed stock conversion to liquid fuels or bio-products. In this study, the feasibility of using visible and near infrared (VIS/NIR) spectroscopy to rapidly quantify hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin in M. sinensis was investigated. Initially, prediction models were established using partial least squares (PLS), least squares support vector machine regression (LSSVR), and radial basis function neural network (RBF_NN) based on whole wavelengths. Subsequently, 23, 25 and 27 characteristic wavelengths for hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, respectively, were found to show significant contribution to calibration models. Three determination models were eventually built by PLS, LS-SVM and ANN based on the characteristic wavelengths. Calibration models for lignocellulosic components were successfully developed, and can now be applied to assessment of lignocellulose contents in M. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Jin
- Department of Agronomy & The Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Department of Agronomy & The Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Chunhai Shi
- Department of Agronomy & The Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Agronomy & The Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yajing Guan
- Department of Agronomy & The Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Chang Yeon Yu
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Toshihiko Yamada
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Erik J Sacks
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Junhua Peng
- College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
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26
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Nie G, Tang L, Zhang Y, Huang L, Ma X, Cao X, Pan L, Zhang X, Zhang X. Development of SSR Markers Based on Transcriptome Sequencing and Association Analysis with Drought Tolerance in Perennial Grass Miscanthus from China. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:801. [PMID: 28559912 PMCID: PMC5432562 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Drought has become a critical environmental stress affecting on plant in temperate area. As one of the promising bio-energy crops to sustainable biomass production, the genus Miscanthus has been widely studied around the world. However, the most widely used hybrid cultivar among this genus, Miscanthus × giganteus is proved poor drought tolerance compared to some parental species. Here we mainly focused on Miscanthus sinensis, which is one of the progenitors of M. × giganteus providing a comparable yield and well abiotic stress tolerance in some places. The main objectives were to characterize the physiological and photosynthetic respond to drought stress and to develop simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers associated with drought tolerance by transcriptome sequencing within an originally collection of 44 Miscanthus genotypes from southwest China. Significant phenotypic differences were observed among genotypes, and the average of leaf relative water content (RWC) were severely affected by drought stress decreasing from 88.27 to 43.21%, which could well contribute to separating the drought resistant and drought sensitive genotype of Miscanthus. Furthermore, a total of 16,566 gene-associated SSRs markers were identified based on Illumina RNA sequencing under drought conditions, and 93 of them were randomly selected to validate. In total, 70 (75.3%) SSRs were successfully amplified and the generated loci from 30 polymorphic SSRs were used to estimate the genetic differentiation and population structure. Finally, two optimum subgroups of the population were determined by structure analysis and based on association analysis, seven significant associations were identified including two markers with leaf RWC and five markers with photosynthetic traits. With the rich sequencing resources annotation, such associations would serve an efficient tool for Miscanthus drought response mechanism study and facilitate genetic improvement of drought resistant for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversitySichuan, China
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Nie G, Huang L, Zhang X, Taylor M, Jiang Y, Yu X, Liu X, Wang X, Zhang Y. Marker-Trait Association for Biomass Yield of Potential Bio-fuel Feedstock Miscanthus sinensis from Southwest China. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:802. [PMID: 27375656 PMCID: PMC4894898 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
As a great potential bio-fuel feedstock, the genus Miscanthus has been widely studied around the world, especially Miscanthus × giganteus owing to its high biomass yield in Europe and North America. However, the narrow genetic basis and sterile characteristics of M. × giganteus have become a limitation for utilization and adaptation to extreme climate conditions. In this study, we focused on one of the progenitors of M. × giganteus, Miscanthus sinensis, which was originally distributed in East Asia with abundant genetic resources and comparable biomass yield potential to M. × giganteus in some areas. A collection of 138 individuals was selected for conducting a 3-year trial of biomass production and analyzed by using 104 pairs of SRAP, ISAP, and SSR primers for genetic diversity as well as marker-trait association. Significant differences in biomass yield and related traits were observed among individuals. Tiller number, fresh biomass yield per plant and dry biomass yield per plant had a high level of phenotypic variation among individuals and the coefficient of variation were all above 40% in 2011, 2012, and 2013. The majority of the traits had a significant correlation with the biomass yield except for the length and width of flag leaves. Plant height was a highly stable trait correlated with biomass yield. A total of 1059 discernible loci were detected by markers across individuals. The population structure (Q) and cluster analyses identified three subpopulations in the collection and family relative kinship (K) represented high gene flow among M. sinensis populations from Southwest China. Model testing identified that Q+K was the best model for describing the associations between the markers and traits, compared to the simple linear, Q or K model. Using the Q+K model, 12 significant associations (P < 0.001) were identified including four markers with plant height and one with biomass yield. Such associations would serve an efficient tool for an early selection of M. sinensis and facilitate a genetic improvement of biomass yield for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Nie
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xinquan Zhang
| | - Megan Taylor
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Yiwei Jiang
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State UniversityAmes, IA, USA
| | - Xinchun Liu
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Agricultural College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
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Kim KW. Ultrastructure of the Rust Fungus Puccinia miscanthi in the Teliospore Stage Interacting with the Biofuel Plant Miscanthus sinensis. Plant Pathol J 2015; 31:299-304. [PMID: 26361478 PMCID: PMC4564155 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.nt.04.2015.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of the the rust fungus Puccinia miscanthi with the biofuel plant Miscanthus sinensis during the teliospore phase was investigated by light and electron microscopy. P. miscanthi telia were oval-shaped and present on both the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces. Teliospores were brown, one-septate (two-celled), and had pedicels attached to one end. Transmission electron microscopy revealed numerous electron-translucent lipid globules in the cytoplasm of teliospores. Extensive cell wall dissolution around hyphae was not observed in the host tissues beneath the telia. Hyphae were found between mesophyll cells in the leaf tissues as well as in host cells. Intracellular hyphae, possibly haustoria, possessed electron-dense fungal cell walls encased by an electron-transparent fibrillar extrahaustorial sheath that had an electron-dense extrahaustorial membrane. The infected host cells appeared to maintain their membrane-bound structures such as nuclei and chloroplasts. These results suggest that the rust fungus maintains its biotrophic phase with most mesophyll cells of M. sinensis. Such a nutritional mode would permit the rust fungus to obtain food reserves for transient growth in the course of host alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Woo Kim
- School of Ecology and Environmental System, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711,
Korea
- Tree Diagnostic Center, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711,
Korea
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Nagano H, Clark LV, Zhao H, Peng J, Yoo JH, Heo K, Yu CY, Anzoua KG, Matsuo T, Sacks EJ, Yamada T. Contrasting allelic distribution of CO/Hd1 homologues in Miscanthus sinensis from the East Asian mainland and the Japanese archipelago. J Exp Bot 2015; 66:4227-4237. [PMID: 26089536 PMCID: PMC4493791 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The genus Miscanthus is a perennial C4 grass native to eastern Asia and is a promising candidate bioenergy crop for cool temperate areas. Flowering time is a crucial factor governing regional and seasonal adaptation; in addition, it is also a key target trait for extending the vegetative phase to improve biomass potential. Homologues of CONSTANS (CO)/Heading date 1(Hd1) were cloned from Miscanthus sinensis and named MsiHd1. Sequences of MsiHd1 homologues were compared among 24 wild M. sinensis accessions from Japan, 14 from China, and three from South Korea. Two to five MsiHd1 alleles in each accession were identified, suggesting that MsiHd1 consists of at least three loci in the Miscanthus genome. Verifying the open reading frame in MsiHd1, they were classified as putative functional alleles without mutations or non-functional alleles caused by indels. The Neighbor-Joining tree indicated that one of the multiple MsiHd1 loci is a pseudogene locus without any functional alleles. The pseudogene locus was named MsiHd1b, and the other loci were considered to be part of the MsiHd1a multi-locus family. Interestingly, in most Japanese accessions 50% or more of the MsiHd1a alleles were non-functional, whereas accessions from the East Asian mainland harboured only functional alleles. Five novel miniature inverted transposable elements (MITEs) (MsiMITE1-MsiMITE5) were observed in MsiHd1a/b. MsiMITE1, detected in exon 1 of MsiHd1a, was only observed in Japanese accessions and its revertant alleles derived from retransposition were predominantly in Chinese accessions. These differences in MsiHd1a show that the dependency on functional MsiHd1a alleles is different between accessions from the East Asian mainland and Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Nagano
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Lindsay V Clark
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hua Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Junhua Peng
- Science and Technology Center, China Seed Group Co. Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei 430206, China
| | - Ji Hye Yoo
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Kweon Heo
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Yu
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, South Korea
| | | | - Tomoaki Matsuo
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Erik J Sacks
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Toshihiko Yamada
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
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Xue L, Ren H, Li S, Gao M, Shi S, Chang E, Wei Y, Yao X, Jiang Z, Liu J. Comparative proteomic analysis in Miscanthus sinensis exposed to antimony stress. Environ Pollut 2015; 201:150-60. [PMID: 25800729 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
To explore the molecular basis of Sb tolerance mechanism in plant, a comparative proteomic analysis of both roots and leaves in Miscanthus sinensis has been conducted in combination with physiological and biochemical analyses. M. sinensis seedlings were exposed to different doses of Sb, and both roots and leaves were collected after 3 days of treatment. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and image analyses found that 29 protein spots showed 1.5-fold change in abundance in leaves and 19 spots in roots, of which 31 were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS and MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS. Proteins involved in antioxidant defense and stress response generally increased their expression all over the Sb treatments. In addition, proteins relative to transcription, signal transduction, energy metabolism and cell division and cell structure showed a variable expression pattern over Sb concentrations. Overall these findings provide new insights into the probable survival mechanisms by which M. sinensis could be adapting to Sb phytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xue
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang 311400, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Huadong Ren
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang 311400, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Shengqing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ermei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiaohua Yao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Zeping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
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Głowacka K, Jørgensen U, Kjeldsen JB, Kørup K, Spitz I, Sacks EJ, Long SP. Can the exceptional chilling tolerance of C4 photosynthesis found in Miscanthus × giganteus be exceeded? Screening of a novel Miscanthus Japanese germplasm collection. Ann Bot 2015; 115:981-90. [PMID: 25851133 PMCID: PMC4407067 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A clone of the hybrid perennial C4 grass Miscanthus × giganteus (Mxg) is known for achieving exceptionally high rates of leaf CO2 uptake during chilling. This is a requisite of success in the early spring, as is the ability of the leaves to survive occasional frosts. The aim of this study was to search for genotypes with greater potential than Mxg for photosynthesis and frost survival under these conditions. METHODS A total of 864 accessions representing 164 local populations of M. sacchariflorus (Msa), M. sinensis (Msi) and M. tinctorius (Mti) collected across Japan were studied. Accessions whose leaves survived a natural late frost in the field were screened for high maximum photosystem II efficiency (Fv/Fm) following chilling weather, as an indicator of their capacity for light-limited photosynthesis. Those showing the highest Fv/Fm were transferred to a high-light-controlled environment and maintained at chilling temperatures, where they were further screened for their capacities for high-light-limited and light-saturated leaf uptake of CO2 (ΦCO2,max and Asat, respectively). KEY RESULTS For the first time, relatives of Mxg with significantly superior capacities for photosynthesis at chilling temperatures were identified. Msa accession '73/2' developed leaves in the spring that survived night-time frost, and during growth under chilling maintained a statistically significant 79 % higher ΦCO2,max, as a measure of light-limited photosynthesis, and a 70 % higher Asat, as a measure of light-saturated photosynthesis. A second Msa accession, '73/3' also showed significantly higher rates of leaf uptake of CO2. CONCLUSIONS As remarkable as Mxg has proved in its chilling tolerance of C4 photosynthesis, this study shows that there is still value and potential in searching for yet more superior tolerance. Msa accession '73/2' shows rates of light-limited and light-saturated photosynthesis at chilling temperatures that are comparable with those of the most cold-tolerant C3 species. This adds further proof to the thesis that C4 photosynthesis is not inherently limited to warm climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Głowacka
- University of Illinois, Institute of Genomic Biology, 1206 W. Gregory Dr. 138 IGB, Urbana IL 61801, USA, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA University of Illinois, Institute of Genomic Biology, 1206 W. Gregory Dr. 138 IGB, Urbana IL 61801, USA, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Uffe Jørgensen
- University of Illinois, Institute of Genomic Biology, 1206 W. Gregory Dr. 138 IGB, Urbana IL 61801, USA, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jens B Kjeldsen
- University of Illinois, Institute of Genomic Biology, 1206 W. Gregory Dr. 138 IGB, Urbana IL 61801, USA, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Kirsten Kørup
- University of Illinois, Institute of Genomic Biology, 1206 W. Gregory Dr. 138 IGB, Urbana IL 61801, USA, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Idan Spitz
- University of Illinois, Institute of Genomic Biology, 1206 W. Gregory Dr. 138 IGB, Urbana IL 61801, USA, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA University of Illinois, Institute of Genomic Biology, 1206 W. Gregory Dr. 138 IGB, Urbana IL 61801, USA, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Erik J Sacks
- University of Illinois, Institute of Genomic Biology, 1206 W. Gregory Dr. 138 IGB, Urbana IL 61801, USA, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Stephen P Long
- University of Illinois, Institute of Genomic Biology, 1206 W. Gregory Dr. 138 IGB, Urbana IL 61801, USA, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA University of Illinois, Institute of Genomic Biology, 1206 W. Gregory Dr. 138 IGB, Urbana IL 61801, USA, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Babu AG, Shea PJ, Sudhakar D, Jung IB, Oh BT. Potential use of Pseudomonas koreensis AGB-1 in association with Miscanthus sinensis to remediate heavy metal(loid)-contaminated mining site soil. J Environ Manage 2015; 151:160-6. [PMID: 25575343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria have the potential to promote plant growth and heavy metal(loid) (HM) removal from contaminated soil. Pseudomonas koreensis AGB-1, isolated from roots of Miscanthus sinensis growing in mine-tailing soil, exhibited high tolerance to HMs and plant growth promoting traits. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis revealed that AGB-1 sequestered HMs extracellularly and their accumulation was visible as dark metal complexes on bacterial surfaces and outside of the cells. DNA sequencing of HM resistance marker genes indicated high homology to the appropriate regions of the arsB, ACR3(1), aoxB, and bmtA determinants. Inoculating mining site soil with AGB-1 increased M. sinensis biomass by 54%, chlorophyll by 27%, and protein content by 28%. High superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, and the lower malondialdehyde content of plants growing in AGB-1-inoculated soil indicate reduced oxidative stress. Metal(loid) concentrations in roots and shoots of plants grown in inoculated soil were higher than those of the controls in pot trials with mine tailing soil. Results suggest that AGB-1 can be used in association with M. sinensis to promote phytostabilization and remediation of HM-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giridhar Babu
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Patrick J Shea
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0817, USA
| | - D Sudhakar
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Boo Jung
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Taek Oh
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea.
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Głowacka K, Adhikari S, Peng J, Gifford J, Juvik JA, Long SP, Sacks EJ. Variation in chilling tolerance for photosynthesis and leaf extension growth among genotypes related to the C4 grass Miscanthus ×giganteus. J Exp Bot 2014; 65:5267-78. [PMID: 25039073 PMCID: PMC4157708 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify cold-tolerant genotypes within two species of Miscanthus related to the exceptionally chilling-tolerant C4 biomass crop accession: M. ×giganteus 'Illinois' (Mxg) as well as in other Mxg genotypes. The ratio of leaf elongation at 10 °C/5 °C to that at 25 °C/25 °C was used to identify initially the 13 most promising Miscanthus genotypes out of 51 studied. Net leaf CO2 uptake (A sat) and the maximum operating efficiency of photosystem II (ФPSII) were measured in warm conditions (25 °C/20 °C), and then during and following a chilling treatment of 10 °C/5 °C for 11 d. Accessions of M. sacchariflorus (Msa) showed the smallest decline in leaf elongation on transfer to chilling conditions and did not differ significantly from Mxg, indicating greater chilling tolerance than diploid M. sinensis (Msi). Msa also showed the smallest reductions in A sat and ФPSII, and greater chilling-tolerant photosynthesis than Msi, and three other forms of Mxg, including new triploid accessions and a hexaploid Mxg 'Illinois'. Tetraploid Msa 'PF30153' collected in Gifu Prefecture in Honshu, Japan did not differ significantly from Mxg 'Illinois' in leaf elongation and photosynthesis at low temperature, but was significantly superior to all other forms of Mxg tested. The results suggested that the exceptional chilling tolerance of Mxg 'Illinois' cannot be explained simply by the hybrid vigour of this intraspecific allotriploid. Selection of chilling-tolerant accessions from both of Mxg's parental species, Msi and Msa, would be advisable for breeding new highly chilling-tolerant Mxg genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Głowacka
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, 1206W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Shivani Adhikari
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, 1206W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Junhua Peng
- Department of Soil and Crop Science, Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO 80523-1170, USA
| | - Justin Gifford
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, 1206W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - John A Juvik
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, 1206W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Stephen P Long
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, 1206W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Erik J Sacks
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, 1206W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Parveen I, Wilson T, Threadgill MD, Luyten J, Roberts RE, Robson PRH, Donnison IS, Hauck B, Winters AL. Screening for potential co-products in a Miscanthus sinensis mapping family by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection. Phytochemistry 2014; 105:186-96. [PMID: 24894362 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Society is demanding more green chemicals from sustainable sources. Miscanthus is a potential source of platform chemicals and bioethanol through fermentation. Miscanthus sinensis (M. sinensis) has been found to contain particularly high levels of soluble phenols (hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids) which may have application in the nutraceutical, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Here, we describe the first study on the identification and quantification of phenols from the leaf tissue of a bi-parental M. sinensis mapping family. Parents and progeny showed complex profiles of phenols with highly related structures which complicated characterisation of individual phenotypes. Separation of semi-purified extracts by reverse-phase liquid chromatography, coupled with detection by diode array and ESI-MS/MS, enabled distinction of different profiles of phenols. Ten hydroxycinnamates (O-cinnamoylquinic acids) and several flavones (one mono-O-glycosyl flavone, eight mono-C-glycosyl flavones, two di-C-glycosyl flavones, five O-glycosyl-C-glycosyl flavones and nine 2″-O-glycosyl-C-glycosyl flavones) were identified and quantified in leaf tissue of two hundred progeny and maternal and paternal plants during the seedling stage. Progeny exhibiting high, moderate and low amounts of hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids and both parents were selected and screened at seven months' growth to determine the abundance of these phenols at their highest biomass and compared with seedlings. Concentrations of phenols generally decreased as leaves matured. Several flavone-glycosides were identified. This technique can be used for rapid screening of plants in a mapping family to identify genotypes with high phenol content to add value in the biorefinery chain. This comparative study provides information on the content of potentially valuable compounds from readily renewable resources and possible biomarkers for identification in breeding programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifat Parveen
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, UK.
| | - Thomas Wilson
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, UK.
| | - Michael D Threadgill
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Jakob Luyten
- K.H. Kempen University College, Department of Health Care & Chemistry, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - Ruth E Roberts
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Paul R H Robson
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Iain S Donnison
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Barbara Hauck
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Ana L Winters
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, UK
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Clark LV, Brummer JE, Głowacka K, Hall MC, Heo K, Peng J, Yamada T, Yoo JH, Yu CY, Zhao H, Long SP, Sacks EJ. A footprint of past climate change on the diversity and population structure of Miscanthus sinensis. Ann Bot 2014; 114:97-107. [PMID: 24918203 PMCID: PMC4071102 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcu084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Miscanthus is a perennial C4 grass that is a leading potential feedstock crop for the emerging bioenergy industry in North America, Europe and China. However, only a single, sterile genotype of M. × giganteus (M×g), a nothospecies derived from diploid M. sinensis (Msi) and tetraploid M. sacchariflorus (Msa), is currently available to farmers for biomass production. To facilitate breeding of Miscanthus, this study characterized genetic diversity and population structure of Msi in its native range of East Asia. METHODS A total of 767 accessions were studied, including 617 Msi from most of its native range in China, Japan and South Korea, and 77 ornamental cultivars and 43 naturalized individuals from the USA. Accessions were evaluated with 21 207 restriction site-associated DNA sequencing single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, 424 GoldenGate SNPs and ten plastid microsatellite markers. KEY RESULTS Six genetic clusters of Msi from geographically distinct regions in Asia were identified. Genetic data indicated that (1) south-eastern China was the origin of Msi populations found in temperate eastern Asia, which is consistent with this area probably having been a refugium during the last glacial maximum (LGM); (2) Msi migrated directly from south-eastern China to Japan before migrating to the same latitudes in China and Korea, which is consistent with the known sequence of warming post-LGM; (3) ornamental Msi cultivars were derived from the southern Japan population, and US naturalized populations were derived from a sub-set of the ornamental cultivars; and (4) many ornamental cultivars previously described as Msi have hybrid ancestry from Msa and Msi, whereas US naturalized populations of Msi do not. CONCLUSIONS Population structure of Msi was driven by patterns of warming since the LGM, and secondarily by geographical barriers. This study will facilitate germplasm conservation, association analyses and identification of potential heterotic groups for the improvement of Miscanthus as a bioenergy crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay V Clark
- University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Joe E Brummer
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Katarzyna Głowacka
- University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Kweon Heo
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Junhua Peng
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | | | - Ji Hye Yoo
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Yu
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Hua Zhao
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Stephen P Long
- University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Erik J Sacks
- University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Slavov GT, Nipper R, Robson P, Farrar K, Allison GG, Bosch M, Clifton-Brown JC, Donnison IS, Jensen E. Genome-wide association studies and prediction of 17 traits related to phenology, biomass and cell wall composition in the energy grass Miscanthus sinensis. New Phytol 2014; 201:1227-1239. [PMID: 24308815 PMCID: PMC4284002 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
• Increasing demands for food and energy require a step change in the effectiveness, speed and flexibility of crop breeding. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the potential of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and genomic selection (i.e. phenotype prediction from a genome-wide set of markers) to guide fundamental plant science and to accelerate breeding in the energy grass Miscanthus. • We generated over 100,000 single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) by sequencing restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) tags in 138 Micanthus sinensis genotypes, and related SNVs to phenotypic data for 17 traits measured in a field trial. • Confounding by population structure and relatedness was severe in naïve GWAS analyses, but mixed-linear models robustly controlled for these effects and allowed us to detect multiple associations that reached genome-wide significance. Genome-wide prediction accuracies tended to be moderate to high (average of 0.57), but varied dramatically across traits. As expected, predictive abilities increased linearly with the size of the mapping population, but reached a plateau when the number of markers used for prediction exceeded 10,000-20,000, and tended to decline, but remain significant, when cross-validations were performed across subpopulations. • Our results suggest that the immediate implementation of genomic selection in Miscanthus breeding programs may be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gancho T Slavov
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EB, UK
| | | | - Paul Robson
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Kerrie Farrar
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Gordon G Allison
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EB, UK
| | - John C Clifton-Brown
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Iain S Donnison
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Elaine Jensen
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EB, UK
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