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Vasco-Correa J, Capouya R, Shah A, Mitchell TK. Sequential fungal pretreatment of unsterilized Miscanthus: changes in composition, cellulose digestibility and microbial communities. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2263-2279. [PMID: 35171342 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11833-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A sequential fungal pretreatment of Miscanthus × giganteus was conducted by mixing unsterilized Miscanthus with material previously colonized with the white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. For three generations, each generation started with inoculation by mixing unsterilized fresh Miscanthus with end material from the previous generation and ended after 28 days of incubation at 28 °C. After the first generation, the cellulose digestibility of the material doubled, compared to that of the unsterilized Miscanthus, but the second and third generations showed no enhancements in cellulose digestibility. Furthermore, high degradation of Miscanthus structural carbohydrates occurred during the first generation. A microbial community study showed that, even though the fungal community of the material previously colonized by C. subvermispora was composed mainly of this fungus (> 99%), by the first generation its relative abundance was down to only 9%, and other microbes had prevailed. Additionally, changes in the bacterial community occurred that might be associated with unwanted cellulose degradation in the system. This reiterates the necessity of feedstock microbial load reduction for the stability and reproducibility of fungal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. KEY POINTS: • Sequential fungal pretreatment of unsterilized Miscanthus was unsuccessful. • Feedstock changes with white-rot fungi favored the growth of other microorganisms. • Feedstock microbial reduction is necessary for pretreatment with C. subvermispora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Vasco-Correa
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA. .,Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Rachel Capouya
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ajay Shah
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - Thomas K Mitchell
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Hwangbo M, Gill JJ, Young R, Chu KH. Dual-function oleaginous biocatalysts for non-sterile cultivation and solvent-free biolipid bioextraction to reduce biolipid-based biofuel production costs. Sci Total Environ 2021; 758:143969. [PMID: 33333303 PMCID: PMC8061307 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are starting materials for the production of biolipid-based fuels such as biodiesel and biojet fuel. While various microorganisms can produce TAGs from renewable resources, the cultivation of TAG-producing microorganisms under sterilization conditions to avoid microbial contamination and application of solvent to extract TAGs from the TAG-filled microorganisms are costly. To overcome these challenges, this study reports the feasibility of a non-sterile cultivation of an oleaginous bacterium Rhodococcus opacus PD631SpAHB under saline conditions, followed by the use of a solvent-free, phage-lysis-protein-based bioextraction approach for TAGs release. The engineered strain PD631SpAHB was developed by introducing a recombinant plasmid carrying a phage lytic gene cassette (pAHB) into Rhodococcus opacus PD631 via transformation, followed by adaptive evolution under saline conditions. This newly developed strain is a salt-tolerant strain with the inducible plasmid pAHB to enable TAGs release into the supernatant upon induction. Cell lysis of PD631SpAHB was confirmed by the decrease of the optical density of cell suspension, by the loss of cell membrane integrity, and by the detection of TAGs in the culture medium. Up to 38% of the total TAGs accumulated in PD631SpAHB was released into supernatant after the expression of the lytic genes. PD631SpAHB strain is a promising candidate to produce TAGs from non-sterile growth medium and release of its TAGs without solvent extraction - a new approach to reduce the overall cost of biolipid-based biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Hwangbo
- Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Jason J Gill
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States; Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Ry Young
- Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Kung-Hui Chu
- Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
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Mir-Tutusaus JA, Parladé E, Llorca M, Villagrasa M, Barceló D, Rodriguez-Mozaz S, Martinez-Alonso M, Gaju N, Caminal G, Sarrà M. Pharmaceuticals removal and microbial community assessment in a continuous fungal treatment of non-sterile real hospital wastewater after a coagulation-flocculation pretreatment. Water Res 2017; 116:65-75. [PMID: 28314209 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hospital wastewaters are a main source of pharmaceutical active compounds, which are usually highly recalcitrant and can accumulate in surface and groundwater bodies. Fungal treatments can remove these contaminants prior to discharge, but real wastewater poses a problem to fungal survival due to bacterial competition. This study successfully treated real non-spiked, non-sterile wastewater in a continuous fungal fluidized bed bioreactor coupled to a coagulation-flocculation pretreatment for 56 days. A control bioreactor without the fungus was also operated and the results were compared. A denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and sequencing approach was used to study the microbial community arisen in both reactors and as a result some bacterial degraders are proposed. The fungal operation successfully removed analgesics and anti-inflammatories, and even the most recalcitrant pharmaceutical families such as antibiotics and psychiatric drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Mir-Tutusaus
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Parladé
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Llorca
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - M Villagrasa
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - D Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain; Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Rodriguez-Mozaz
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - M Martinez-Alonso
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Gaju
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Caminal
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC) CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Sarrà
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Yewale T, Panchwagh S, Sawale S, Jain R, Dhamole PB. Xylitol production from non-detoxified and non-sterile lignocellulosic hydrolysate using low-cost industrial media components. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:68. [PMID: 28452022 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0700-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Immobilized Candida tropicalis cells in freeze dried calcium alginate beads were used for production of xylitol from lignocellulosic waste like corn cob hydrolysate without any detoxification and sterilization of media. Media components for xylitol fermentation were screened by statistical methods. Urea, KH2PO4 and initial pH were identified as significant variables by Plackett-Burman (PB) design. Significant medium components were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Predicted xylitol yield by RSM model and experimental yield was 0.87 and 0.79 g/g, respectively. Optimized conditions (urea 1.5 g/L, KH2PO4 1.9 g/L, xylose 55 g/L, pH 6.7) enhanced xylitol yield by 32% and xylose consumption by twofold over those of basal media. In addition, the immobilized cells were reused five times at shake flask level with optimized medium without affecting the xylitol productivity and yield. Xylitol production was successfully scaled up to 7.5 L stirred tank reactor using optimized media. Thus, the optimized condition with non-detoxified pentose hydrolysate from corn cob lignocellulosic waste with minimal nutrients without any sterilization opens up the scope for commercialization of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyaso Yewale
- Praj Matrix R & D Center, Division of Praj Industries Ltd., 402/403/1098, Urawade, Pune, Maharashtra, 412115, India
- Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Shruti Panchwagh
- Praj Matrix R & D Center, Division of Praj Industries Ltd., 402/403/1098, Urawade, Pune, Maharashtra, 412115, India
| | - Shaileshkumar Sawale
- Praj Matrix R & D Center, Division of Praj Industries Ltd., 402/403/1098, Urawade, Pune, Maharashtra, 412115, India
| | - Rishi Jain
- Praj Matrix R & D Center, Division of Praj Industries Ltd., 402/403/1098, Urawade, Pune, Maharashtra, 412115, India
- Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Pradip B Dhamole
- Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India.
- Chemical Engineering Department, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440010, India.
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Mir-Tutusaus JA, Sarrà M, Caminal G. Continuous treatment of non-sterile hospital wastewater by Trametes versicolor: How to increase fungal viability by means of operational strategies and pretreatments. J Hazard Mater 2016; 318:561-570. [PMID: 27469044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hospital wastewaters have a high load of pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs). Fungal treatments could be appropriate for source treatment of such effluents but the transition to non-sterile conditions proved to be difficult due to competition with indigenous microorganisms, resulting in very short-duration operations. In this article, coagulation-flocculation and UV-radiation processes were studied as pretreatments to a fungal reactor treating non-sterile hospital wastewater in sequential batch operation and continuous operation modes. The influent was spiked with ibuprofen and ketoprofen, and both compounds were successfully degraded by over 80%. UV pretreatment did not extent the fungal activity after coagulation-flocculation measured as laccase production and pellet integrity. Sequential batch operation did not reduce bacteria competition during fungal treatment. The best strategy was the addition of a coagulation-flocculation pretreatment to a continuous reactor, which led to an operation of 28days without biomass renovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Mir-Tutusaus
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Sarrà
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - G Caminal
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC) CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Hua B, Dai J, Liu B, Zhang H, Yuan X, Wang X, Cui Z. Pretreatment of non-sterile, rotted silage maize straw by the microbial community MC1 increases biogas production. Bioresour Technol 2016; 216:699-705. [PMID: 27289062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Using microbial community MC1 to pretreat lignocellulosic materials increased the yield of biogas production, and the substrate did not need to be sterilized, lowering the cost. Rotted silage maize straw carries many microbes. To determine whether such contamination affects MC1, rotted silage maize straw was pretreated with MC1 prior to biogas production. The decreases in the weights of unsterilized and sterilized rotted silage maize straw were similar, as were their carboxymethyl cellulase activities. After 5d pretreatment, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction results indicated that the proportions of five key strains in MC1 were the same in the unsterilized and sterilized groups; thus, MC1 was resistant to microbial contamination. However, its resistance to contamination decreased as the degradation time increased. Following pretreatment, volatile fatty acids, especially acetic acid, were detected, and MC1 enhanced biogas yields by 74.7% compared with the untreated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Hua
- Center of Biomass Engineering, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jiali Dai
- Center of Biomass Engineering, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Center of Biomass Engineering, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Center of Biomass Engineering, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xufeng Yuan
- Center of Biomass Engineering, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiaofen Wang
- Center of Biomass Engineering, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Zongjun Cui
- Center of Biomass Engineering, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
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