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Morin H, Chételat A, Stolz S, Marcourt L, Glauser G, Wolfender JL, Farmer EE. Wound-response jasmonate dynamics in the primary vasculature. New Phytol 2023; 240:1484-1496. [PMID: 37598308 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The links between wound-response electrical signalling and the activation of jasmonate synthesis are unknown. We investigated damage-response remodelling of jasmonate precursor pools in the Arabidopsis thaliana leaf vasculature. Galactolipids and jasmonate precursors in primary veins from undamaged and wounded plants were analysed using MS-based metabolomics and NMR. In parallel, DAD1-LIKE LIPASEs (DALLs), which control the levels of jasmonate precursors in veins, were identified. A novel galactolipid containing the jasmonate precursor 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) was identified in veins: sn-2-O-(cis-12-oxo-phytodienoyl)-sn-3-O-(β-galactopyranosyl) glyceride (sn-2-OPDA-MGMG). Lower levels of sn-1-OPDA-MGMG were also detected. Vascular OPDA-MGMGs, sn-2-18:3-MGMG and free OPDA pools were reduced rapidly in response to damage-activated electrical signals. Reduced function dall2 mutants failed to build resting vascular sn-2-OPDA-MGMG and OPDA pools and, upon wounding, dall2 produced less jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) than the wild-type. DALL3 acted to suppress excess JA-Ile production after wounding, whereas dall2 dall3 double mutants strongly reduce jasmonate signalling in leaves distal to wounds. LOX6 and DALL2 function to produce OPDA and the non-bilayer-forming lipid sn-2-OPDA-MGMG in the primary vasculature. Membrane depolarizations trigger rapid depletion of these molecules. We suggest that electrical signal-dependent lipid phase changes help to initiate vascular jasmonate synthesis in wounded leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Morin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Geneva, CMU, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurore Chételat
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Stolz
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Geneva, CMU, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gaëtan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Geneva, CMU, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Edward E Farmer
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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2
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Xiao S, Wan Y, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Fan J, Xu Q, Gao Z, Wu C. Halomonas ventosae JPT10 promotes salt tolerance in foxtail millet ( Setaria italica) by affecting the levels of multiple antioxidants and phytohormones. Plant Environ Interact 2023; 4:275-290. [PMID: 37822729 PMCID: PMC10564379 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.10122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacterias (PGPBs) can increase crop output under normal and abiotic conditions. However, the mechanisms underlying the plant salt tolerance-promoting role of PGPBs still remain largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that Halomonas ventosae JPT10 promoted the salt tolerance of both dicots and monocots. Physiological analysis revealed that JPT10 reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation by improving the antioxidant capability of foxtail millet seedlings. The metabolomic analysis of JPT10-inoculated foxtail millet seedlings led to the identification of 438 diversely accumulated metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, coumarins, sugar, alkaloids, organic acids, and lipids, under salt stress. Exogenous apigenin and chlorogenic acid increased the salt tolerance of foxtail millet seedlings. Simultaneously, JPT10 led to greater amounts of abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), salicylic acid (SA), and their derivatives but lower levels of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), jasmonate (JA), and JA-isoleucine (JA-Ile) under salt stress. Exogenous JA, methyl-JA, and OPDA intensified, whereas ibuprofen or phenitone, two inhibitors of JA and OPDA biosynthesis, partially reversed, the growth inhibition of foxtail millet seedlings caused by salt stress. Our results shed light on the response of foxtail millet seedlings to H. ventosae under salt stress and provide potential compounds to increase salt tolerance in foxtail millet and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Plant‐Microbial Restoration for Saline‐Alkali Land, College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong provinceChina
| | - Yiman Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Plant‐Microbial Restoration for Saline‐Alkali Land, College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong provinceChina
| | - Yue Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Plant‐Microbial Restoration for Saline‐Alkali Land, College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong provinceChina
| | - Yongdong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Plant‐Microbial Restoration for Saline‐Alkali Land, College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong provinceChina
| | - Jiayin Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Plant‐Microbial Restoration for Saline‐Alkali Land, College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong provinceChina
| | - Qian Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Plant‐Microbial Restoration for Saline‐Alkali Land, College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong provinceChina
| | - Zheng Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Plant‐Microbial Restoration for Saline‐Alkali Land, College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong provinceChina
| | - Changai Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Plant‐Microbial Restoration for Saline‐Alkali Land, College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong provinceChina
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Luo C, Qiu J, Zhang Y, Li M, Liu P. Jasmonates Coordinate Secondary with Primary Metabolism. Metabolites 2023; 13:1008. [PMID: 37755288 PMCID: PMC10648981 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13091008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs), including jasmonic acid (JA), its precursor 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) and its derivatives jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), cis-jasmone (CJ) and other oxylipins, are important in the regulation of a range of ecological interactions of plants with their abiotic and particularly their biotic environments. Plant secondary/specialized metabolites play critical roles in implementing these ecological functions of JAs. Pathway and transcriptional regulation analyses have established a central role of JA-Ile-mediated core signaling in promoting the biosynthesis of a great diversity of secondary metabolites. Here, we summarized the advances in JAs-induced secondary metabolites, particularly in secondary metabolites induced by OPDA and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) induced by CJ through signaling independent of JA-Ile. The roles of JAs in integrating and coordinating the primary and secondary metabolism, thereby orchestrating plant growth-defense tradeoffs, were highlighted and discussed. Finally, we provided perspectives on the improvement of the adaptability and resilience of plants to changing environments and the production of valuable phytochemicals by exploiting JAs-regulated secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Luo
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianfang Qiu
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mengya Li
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Lacchini E, Venegas-Molina J, Goossens A. Structural and functional diversity in plant specialized metabolism signals and products: The case of oxylipins and triterpenes. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2023; 74:102371. [PMID: 37148672 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic enzymes tend to evolve towards catalytic efficacy, precision and speed. This seems particularly true for ancient and conserved enzymes involved in fundamental cellular processes that are present virtually in every cell and organism and converting and producing relatively limited metabolite numbers. Nevertheless, sessile organisms like plants have an astonishing repertoire of specific (specialized) metabolites that, by numbers and chemical complexity, by far exceed primary metabolites. Most theories agree that early gene duplication, subsequent positive selection and diversifying evolution have allowed relaxed selection of duplicated metabolic genes, thus facilitating the accumulation of mutations that could broaden substrate/product specificity and lower activation barriers and kinetics. Here, we use oxylipins, oxygenated fatty acids of plastidial origin to which the phytohormone jasmonate belongs, and triterpenes, a large group of specialized metabolites whose biosynthesis is often elicited by jasmonates, to showcase the structural and functional diversity of chemical signals and products in plant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Lacchini
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jhon Venegas-Molina
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain Goossens
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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5
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Chang Y, Shi M, Sun Y, Cheng H, Ou X, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Day B, Miao C, Jiang K. Light-induced stomatal opening in Arabidopsis is negatively regulated by chloroplast-originated OPDA signaling. Curr Biol 2023; 33:1071-1081.e5. [PMID: 36841238 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal movement is orchestrated by diverse signaling cascades and metabolic activities in guard cells. Light triggers the opening of the pores through the phototropin-mediated pathway, which leads to the activation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase and thereby facilitates potassium accumulation through Kin+ channels. However, it remains poorly understood how phototropin signaling is fine-tuned to prevent excessive stomatal opening and consequent water loss. Here, we show that the stomatal response to light is negatively regulated by 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), an oxylipin metabolite produced through enzymatic oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). We identify a set of phospholipase-encoding genes, phospholipase (PLIP)1/2/3, which are transactivated rapidly in guard cells upon illumination in a phototropin-dependent manner. These phospholipases release PUFAs from the chloroplast membrane, which is oxidized by guard-cell lipoxygenases and further metabolized to OPDA. The OPDA-deficient mutants had wider stomatal pores, whereas mutants containing elevated levels of OPDA showed the opposite effect on stomatal aperture. Transmembrane solute fluxes that drive stomatal aperture were enhanced in lox6-1 guard cells, indicating that OPDA signaling ultimately impacts on activities of proton pumps and Kin+ channels. Interestingly, the accelerated stomatal kinetics in lox6-1 leads to increased plant growth without cost in water or macronutrient use. Together, our results reveal a new role for chloroplast membrane oxylipin metabolism in stomatal regulation. Moreover, the accelerated stomatal opening kinetics in OPDA-deficient mutants benefits plant growth and water use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankai Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan Province, China
| | - Mianmian Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yanfeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan Province, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaobin Ou
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan Province, China
| | - Brad Day
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Chen Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan Province, China.
| | - Kun Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Shinya T, Miyamoto K, Uchida K, Hojo Y, Yumoto E, Okada K, Yamane H, Galis I. Chitooligosaccharide elicitor and oxylipins synergistically elevate phytoalexin production in rice. Plant Mol Biol 2022; 109:595-609. [PMID: 34822009 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We show that in rice, the amino acid-conjugates of JA precursor, OPDA, may function as a non-canonical signal for the production of phytoalexins in coordination with the innate chitin signaling. The core oxylipins, jasmonic acid (JA) and JA-Ile, are well-known as potent regulators of plant defense against necrotrophic pathogens and/or herbivores. However, recent studies also suggest that other oxylipins, including 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), may contribute to plant defense. Here, we used a previously characterized metabolic defense marker, p-coumaroylputrescine (CoP), and fungal elicitor, chitooligosaccharide, to specifically test defense role of various oxylipins in rice (Oryza sativa). While fungal elicitor triggered a rapid production of JA, JA-Ile, and their precursor OPDA, rice cells exogenously treated with the compounds revealed that OPDA, rather than JA-Ile, can stimulate the CoP production. Next, reverse genetic approach and oxylipin-deficient rice mutant (hebiba) were used to uncouple oxylipins from other elicitor-triggered signals. It appeared that, without oxylipins, residual elicitor signaling had only a minimal effect but, in synergy with OPDA, exerted a strong stimulatory activity towards CoP production. Furthermore, as CoP levels were compromised in the OPDA-treated Osjar1 mutant cells impaired in the oxylipin-amino acid conjugation, putative OPDA-amino acid conjugates emerged as hypothetical regulators of CoP biosynthesis. Accordingly, we found several OPDA-amino acid conjugates in rice cells treated with exogenous OPDA, and OPDA-Asp was detected, although in small amounts, in the chitooligosaccharide-treated rice. However, as synthetic OPDA-Asp and OPDA-Ile, so far, failed to induce CoP in cells, it suggests that yet another presumed OPDA-amino acid form(s) could be acting as novel regulator(s) of phytoalexins in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Shinya
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046, Japan.
| | - Koji Miyamoto
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
| | - Kenichi Uchida
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
- Advanced Instrumental Analysis Center, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
| | - Yuko Hojo
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Emi Yumoto
- Advanced Instrumental Analysis Center, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
| | - Kazunori Okada
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Yamane
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
- Advanced Instrumental Analysis Center, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
| | - Ivan Galis
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046, Japan
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Grover S, Agpawa E, Sarath G, Sattler SE, Louis J. Interplay of phytohormones facilitate sorghum tolerance to aphids. Plant Mol Biol 2022; 109:639-650. [PMID: 33063221 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01083-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Interactions among phytohormones are essential for providing tolerance of sorghum plants to aphids. Plant's encounter with insect herbivores trigger defense signaling networks that fine-tune plant resistance to insect pests. Although it is well established that phytohormones contribute to antixenotic- and antibiotic-mediated resistance to insect pests, their role in conditioning plant tolerance, the most durable and promising category of host plant resistance, is largely unknown. Here, we screened a panel of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) inbred lines to identify and characterize sorghum tolerance to sugarcane aphids (SCA; Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner), a relatively new and devastating pest of sorghum in the United States. Our results suggest that the sorghum genotype SC35, the aphid-tolerant line identified among the sorghum genotypes, displayed minimal plant biomass loss and a robust photosynthetic machinery, despite supporting higher aphid population. Phytohormone analysis revealed significantly higher basal levels of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, a precursor in the jasmonic acid biosynthesis pathway, in the sorghum SCA-tolerant SC35 plants. Salicylic acid accumulation appeared as a generalized plant response to aphids in sorghum plants, however, SCA feeding-induced salicylic acid levels were unaltered in the sorghum tolerant genotype. Conversely, basal levels of abscisic acid and aphid feeding-induced cytokinins were accumulated in the SCA-tolerant sorghum genotype. Our findings imply that the aphid-tolerant sorghum genotype tightly controls the relationship among phytohormones, as well as provide significant insights into the underlying mechanisms that contribute to plant tolerance to sap-sucking aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjan Grover
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Earl Agpawa
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Gautam Sarath
- Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Scott E Sattler
- Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Joe Louis
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
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Bittner A, Hause B, Baier M. Cold-priming causes dampening of oxylipin biosynthesis and signalling during the early cold- and light-triggering response of Arabidopsis thaliana. J Exp Bot 2021; 72:7163-7179. [PMID: 34185054 PMCID: PMC8547158 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cold-priming uncouples cold and light regulation of otherwise tightly co-regulated genes. In this study, we focused on the early regulatory processes in Arabidopsis within the first 2 h in cold and in high light after a 5-d lag-phase at 20 °C and 24 h cold-priming at 4 °C. Priming quickly modified gene expression in a trigger-specific manner. In the early stress-response phase during cold and high-light triggering, it reduced the regulatory amplitudes of many up- and down-regulated genes. A third of the priming-regulated genes were jasmonate-sensitive, including the full set of genes required for oxylipin biosynthesis. Analysis of wild-type and mutant plants based on qPCR demonstrated that biosynthesis of the jasmonic acid (JA) precursor 12-oxo phytenoic acid (OPDA) relative to the availability of JA dampened the response of the genes for oxylipin biosynthesis. In oxylipin biosynthetic mutants, cold-priming more strongly affected genes involved in the biosynthesis of OPDA than in its conversion to JA. In addition, priming-dependent dampening of the triggering response was more linked to OPDA than to regulation of the JA concentration. Spray application of OPDA prior to triggering counteracted the priming effect. Regulation of the oxylipin hub was controlled by modulation of the oxylipin-sensitivity of the genes for OPDA biosynthesis, but it was insensitive to priming-induced accumulation of thylakoid ascorbate peroxidase, thus identifying a parallel-acting cold-priming pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Bittner
- Plant Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Königin-Luise-Straße 12–16, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Hause
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Margarete Baier
- Plant Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Königin-Luise-Straße 12–16, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Zhao X, Li N, Song Q, Li X, Meng H, Luo K. OPDAT1, a plastid envelope protein involved in 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid export for jasmonic acid biosynthesis in Populus. Tree Physiol 2021; 41:1714-1728. [PMID: 33835169 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Twelve-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), the cyclopentenone precursor of jasmonic acid (JA), is required for the wounding response of plants. OPDA is derived from plastid-localized α-linolenic acid (α-LeA; 18:3) via the octadecanoid pathway, and is further exported from plastids to the cytosol for JA biosynthesis. However, the mechanism of OPDA transport from plastids has yet to be elucidated. In the current study, a plastid inner envelope-localized protein, designated 12-oxo-Phtyodienoic Acid Transporter 1 (OPDAT1), was identified and shown to potentially be involved in OPDA export from plastids, in Populus trichocarpa. Torr. OPDAT1 is expressed predominantly in young leaves of P. trichocarpa. Functional expression of OPDAT1 in yeast cells revealed that OPDAT1 is involved in OPDA transport. Loss-of-function of OPDAT1 in poplar resulted in increased accumulation of OPDA in the extracted plastids and a reduction in JA concentration, whereas an OPDAT1-overexpressing line showed a reverse tendency in OPDA accumulation and JA biosynthesis. OPDAT1 transcripts were rapidly induced by mechanical wounding of leaves, and an opdat1 mutant transgenic plant displayed increased susceptibility to spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) infestation. Collectively, these data suggest that OPDAT1 is an inner envelope transporter for OPDA, and this has potential implications for JA biosynthesis in poplar under environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qin Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hongjun Meng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Keming Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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10
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Scalschi L, Llorens E, García-Agustín P, Vicedo B. Role of Jasmonic Acid Pathway in Tomato Plant- Pseudomonas syringae Interaction. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9020136. [PMID: 31978963 PMCID: PMC7076678 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The jasmonic acid pathway has been considered as the backbone of the response against necrotrophic pathogens. However, a hemi-biotrophic pathogen, such as Pseudomonas syringae, has taken advantage of the crosstalk between the different plant hormones in order to manipulate the responses for its own interest. Despite that, the way in which Pseudomonas syringae releases coronatine to activate jasmonic acid-derived responses and block the activation of salicylic acid-mediated responses is widely known. However, the implication of the jasmonic intermediates in the plant-Pseudomonas interaction is not studied yet. In this work, we analyzed the response of both, plant and bacteria using SiOPR3 tomato plants. Interestingly, SiOPR3 plants are more resistant to infection with Pseudomonas. The gene expression of bacteria showed that, in SiOPR3 plants, the activation of pathogenicity is repressed in comparison to wild type plants, suggesting that the jasmonic acid pathway might play a role in the pathogenicity of the bacteria. Moreover, treatments with JA restore the susceptibility as well as activate the expression of bacterial pathogenicity genes. The observed results suggest that a complete jasmonic acid pathway is necessary for the susceptibility of tomato plants to Pseudomonas syringae.
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Barros-Galvão T, Dave A, Cole A, Harvey D, Langer S, Larson TR, Vaistij FE, Graham IA. cis-12-Oxo-phytodienoic acid represses Arabidopsis seed germination in shade conditions. J Exp Bot 2019; 70:5919-5927. [PMID: 31326997 PMCID: PMC6812700 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Light-dependent seed germination is induced by gibberellins (GA) and inhibited by abscisic acid (ABA). The widely accepted view of the GA/ABA ratio controlling germination does not, however, explain the fact that seeds deficient in ABA still germinate poorly under shade conditions that repress germination. In Arabidopsis, MOTHER-OF-FT-AND-TFL1 (MFT) acts as a key negative regulator of germination, modulating GA and ABA responses under shade conditions. Under full light the oxylipin cis-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a precursor of the stress-related phytohormone jasmonic acid, interacts with ABA and MFT to repress germination. Here, we show that under shade conditions both OPDA and ABA repress germination to varying extents. We demonstrate that the level of shade-induced MFT expression influences the ability of OPDA and/or ABA to fully repress germination. We also found that MFT expression decreases with seed age and this again correlates with the response of seeds to OPDA and ABA. We conclude that OPDA plays an essential role alongside ABA in repressing germination in response to shade and the combined effect of these phytohormones is integrated to a significant extent through MFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Barros-Galvão
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Anuja Dave
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Adama Cole
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - David Harvey
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Swen Langer
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Tony R Larson
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Fabián E Vaistij
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Ian A Graham
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
- Correspondence:
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12
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Schulze A, Zimmer M, Mielke S, Stellmach H, Melnyk CW, Hause B, Gasperini D. Wound-Induced Shoot-to-Root Relocation of JA-Ile Precursors Coordinates Arabidopsis Growth. Mol Plant 2019; 12:1383-1394. [PMID: 31181337 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Multicellular organisms rely on the movement of signaling molecules across cells, tissues, and organs to communicate among distal sites. In plants, localized leaf damage activates jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent transcriptional reprogramming in both harmed and unharmed tissues. Although it has been indicated that JA species can translocate from damaged into distal sites, the identity of the mobile compound(s), the tissues through which they translocate, and the effect of their relocation remain unknown. Here, we found that following shoot wounding, the relocation of endogenous jasmonates through the phloem is essential to initiate JA signaling and stunt growth in unharmed roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. By employing grafting experiments and hormone profiling, we uncovered that the hormone precursor cis-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) and its derivatives, but not the bioactive JA-Ile conjugate, translocate from wounded shoots into undamaged roots. Upon root relocation, the mobile precursors cooperatively regulated JA responses through their conversion into JA-Ile and JA signaling activation. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the existence of long-distance translocation of endogenous OPDA and its derivatives, which serve as mobile molecules to coordinate shoot-to-root responses, and highlight the importance of a controlled redistribution of hormone precursors among organs during plant stress acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina Schulze
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Marlene Zimmer
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stefan Mielke
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hagen Stellmach
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Charles W Melnyk
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75651 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bettina Hause
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Debora Gasperini
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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13
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Salem MA, Giavalisco P. Mutation in the Arabidopsis regulatory-associated protein TOR 1B ( RAPTOR1B) leads to decreased jasmonates levels in leaf tissue. Plant Signal Behav 2019; 14:e1649567. [PMID: 31382813 PMCID: PMC6768200 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1649567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The Target of Rapamycin (TOR) complex (TORC) regulates plant growth and development by modulation of metabolism in response to environmental cues. TORC contains in its core the TOR kinase and two interacting partners, namely; regulatory-associated partner of TOR (RAPTOR) and lethal with sec thirteen protein 8 (LST8). RAPTOR is described to act as a scaffold protein which recruits substrates for phosphorylation to the TOR kinase. In the current manuscript we show that mutation of Arabidopsis RAPTOR1B leads to significantly decreased levels of free jasmonic acid (JA), jasmonoyl-(L)-isoleucine (JA-Ile) as well as its biosynthetic precursor 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA). Although raptor1b leaves showed decreased basic JA level compared to WT, the mutant responded substantially to wounding stress by producing the same amount of JA as WT. Furthermore, we could show that the chemical inhibition of TOR by AZD-8055 led to an opposite response. AZD-treated WT and raptor1b leaves accumulated high JA levels. These results strongly imply that the TOR signaling pathway is responding differentially to the inhibition of the TOR kinase as compared to the inhibition of the scaffold protein RAPTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Salem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, Egypt
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Patrick Giavalisco
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
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14
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Matsui R, Takiguchi K, Matsuda K, Takahashi K, Matsuura H. Feeding experiment using uniformly 13C-labeled α-linolenic acid supports the involvement of the decarboxylation mechanism to produce cis-jasmone in Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:2190-2193. [PMID: 31342844 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1644150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In our previous report, it was found that Lasiodiplodia theobromae produced cis-jasmone via partially utilizing the biosynthetic pathway of JA. A feeding experiment using uniformly 13C-labeled α-linolenic acid, which was added to the culture media of the fungus, strongly supported that the fungus produced CJ via the decarboxylation step of the biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Matsui
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Division of Fundamental AgriScience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kisumi Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Division of Fundamental AgriScience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Matsuda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nara, Japan
| | - Kosaku Takahashi
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Division of Fundamental AgriScience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Matsuura
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Division of Fundamental AgriScience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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15
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Almeida-Trapp M, Mithöfer A. Quantification of Phytohormones by HPLC-MS/MS Including Phytoplasma-Infected Plants. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1875:345-358. [PMID: 30362016 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8837-2_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
There is strong evidence that phytohormones such as abscisic acid, auxin, salicylic acid, and jasmonates might play a role in defense of the host plants during phytoplasma infections. However, these compounds are usually present at low concentration in complex matrixes, requiring a sensitive and selective method to analyze and quantify them. Here, we present a HPLC-MS/MS method to quantify phytohormones in different infected and noninfected plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Almeida-Trapp
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany.
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Fernández-Crespo E, Navarro JA, Serra-Soriano M, Finiti I, García-Agustín P, Pallás V, González-Bosch C. Hexanoic Acid Treatment Prevents Systemic MNSV Movement in Cucumis melo Plants by Priming Callose Deposition Correlating SA and OPDA Accumulation. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:1793. [PMID: 29104580 PMCID: PMC5655017 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Unlike fungal and bacterial diseases, no direct method is available to control viral diseases. The use of resistance-inducing compounds can be an alternative strategy for plant viruses. Here we studied the basal response of melon to Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV) and demonstrated the efficacy of hexanoic acid (Hx) priming, which prevents the virus from systemically spreading. We analysed callose deposition and the hormonal profile and gene expression at the whole plant level. This allowed us to determine hormonal homeostasis in the melon roots, cotyledons, hypocotyls, stems and leaves involved in basal and hexanoic acid-induced resistance (Hx-IR) to MNSV. Our data indicate important roles of salicylic acid (SA), 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), jasmonic-isoleucine, and ferulic acid in both responses to MNSV. The hormonal and metabolites balance, depending on the time and location associated with basal and Hx-IR, demonstrated the reprogramming of plant metabolism in MNSV-inoculated plants. The treatment with both SA and OPDA prior to virus infection significantly reduced MNSV systemic movement by inducing callose deposition. This demonstrates their relevance in Hx-IR against MNSV and a high correlation with callose deposition. Our data also provide valuable evidence to unravel priming mechanisms by natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Fernández-Crespo
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universitat Jaume I, Castellon de la Plana, Spain
| | - Jose A. Navarro
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), UPV-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Serra-Soriano
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), UPV-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Iván Finiti
- Departament de Bioquímica, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Agustín
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universitat Jaume I, Castellon de la Plana, Spain
| | - Vicente Pallás
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), UPV-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen González-Bosch
- Departament de Bioquímica, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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17
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López‐Cruz J, Óscar C, Emma F, Pilar G, Carmen G. Absence of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase BCSOD1 reduces Botrytis cinerea virulence in Arabidopsis and tomato plants, revealing interplay among reactive oxygen species, callose and signalling pathways. Mol Plant Pathol 2017; 18:16-31. [PMID: 26780422 PMCID: PMC6638242 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants activate responses against pathogens, including the oxidative burst. Necrotrophic pathogens can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that benefit the colonization process. Previously, we have demonstrated that tomato plants challenged with Botrytis cinerea accumulate ROS and callose, together with the induction of genes involved in defence, signalling and oxidative metabolism. Here, we studied the infection phenotype of the Δbcsod1 strain in both tomato and Arabidopsis plants. This mutant lacks bcsod1, which encodes Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD). This enzyme catalyses the conversion of superoxide ion ( O2-) into hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). ROS play a protective role and act as signals in plants. Δbcsod1 displayed reduced virulence compared with wild-type B05.10 in both species. Plants infected with Δbcsod1 accumulated less H2 O2 and more O2- than those infected with B05.10, which is associated with an increase in the defensive polymer callose. This supports a major role of fungal SOD in H2 O2 production during the plant-pathogen interaction. The early induction of the callose synthase gene PMR4 suggested that changes in ROS altered plant defensive responses at the transcriptional level. The metabolites and genes involved in signalling and in response to oxidative stress were differentially expressed on Δbcsod1 infection, supporting the notion that plants perceive changes in ROS balance and activate defence responses. A higher O2- /H2 O2 ratio seems to be beneficial for plant protection against this necrotroph. Our results highlight the relevance of callose and the oxylipin 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) in the response to changes in the oxidative environment, and clarify the mechanisms that underlie the responses to Botrytis in Arabidopsis and tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime López‐Cruz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de AlimentosCSIC46980 Paterna, ValenciaSpain
| | - Crespo‐Salvador Óscar
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de AlimentosCSIC46980 Paterna, ValenciaSpain
| | - Fernández‐Crespo Emma
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio NaturalEscola Superior de Tecnologia i Ciències Experimentals, Universitat Jaume I12071 CastellónSpain
| | - García‐Agustín Pilar
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio NaturalEscola Superior de Tecnologia i Ciències Experimentals, Universitat Jaume I12071 CastellónSpain
| | - González‐Bosch Carmen
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de AlimentosCSIC46980 Paterna, ValenciaSpain
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18
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Ye ZW, Lung SC, Hu TH, Chen QF, Suen YL, Wang M, Hoffmann-Benning S, Yeung E, Chye ML. Arabidopsis acyl-CoA-binding protein ACBP6 localizes in the phloem and affects jasmonate composition. Plant Mol Biol 2016; 92:717-730. [PMID: 27645136 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0541-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana ACYL-COA-BINDING PROTEIN6 (AtACBP6) encodes a cytosolic 10-kDa AtACBP. It confers freezing tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis, possibly by its interaction with lipids as indicated by the binding of acyl-CoA esters and phosphatidylcholine to recombinant AtACBP6. Herein, transgenic Arabidopsis transformed with an AtACBP6 promoter-driven β-glucuronidase (GUS) construct exhibited strong GUS activity in the vascular tissues. Immunoelectron microscopy using anti-AtACBP6 antibodies showed AtACBP6 localization in the phloem especially in the companion cells and sieve elements. Also, the presence of gold grains in the plasmodesmata indicated its potential role in systemic trafficking. The AtACBP6 protein, but not its mRNA, was found in phloem exudate of wild-type Arabidopsis. Fatty acid profiling using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed an increase in the jasmonic acid (JA) precursor, 12-oxo-cis,cis-10,15-phytodienoic acid (cis-OPDA), and a reduction in JA and/or its derivatives in acbp6 phloem exudates in comparison to the wild type. Quantitative real-time PCR showed down-regulation of COMATOSE (CTS) in acbp6 rosettes suggesting that AtACBP6 affects CTS function. AtACBP6 appeared to affect the content of JA and/or its derivatives in the sieve tubes, which is consistent with its role in pathogen-defense and in its wound-inducibility of AtACBP6pro::GUS. Taken together, our results suggest the involvement of AtACBP6 in JA-biosynthesis in Arabidopsis phloem tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Ye
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shiu-Cheung Lung
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tai-Hua Hu
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qin-Fang Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yung-Lee Suen
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Susanne Hoffmann-Benning
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Edward Yeung
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Mee-Len Chye
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
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19
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Nilsson AK, Fahlberg P, Johansson ON, Hamberg M, Andersson MX, Ellerström M. The activity of HYDROPEROXIDE LYASE 1 regulates accumulation of galactolipids containing 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid in Arabidopsis. J Exp Bot 2016; 67:5133-44. [PMID: 27422994 PMCID: PMC5014160 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis produces galactolipids containing esters of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) and dinor-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (dnOPDA). These lipids are referred to as arabidopsides and accumulate in response to abiotic and biotic stress. We explored the natural genetic variation found in 14 different Arabidopsis accessions to identify genes involved in the formation of arabidopsides. The accession C24 was identified as a poor accumulator of arabidopsides whereas the commonly used accession Col-0 was found to accumulate comparably large amounts of arabidopsides in response to tissue damage. A quantitative trait loci analysis of an F2 population created from a cross between C24 and Col-0 located a region on chromosome four strongly linked to the capacity to form arabidopsides. Expression analysis of HYDROPEROXIDE LYASE 1 (HPL1) showed large differences in transcript abundance between accessions. Transformation of Col-0 plants with the C24 HPL1 allele under transcriptional regulation of the 35S promoter revealed a strong negative correlation between HPL1 expression and arabidopside accumulation after tissue damage, thereby strengthening the view that HPL1 competes with ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE (AOS) for lipid-bound hydroperoxide fatty acids. We further show that the last step in the synthesis of galactolipid-bound OPDA and dnOPDA from unstable allene oxides is exclusively enzyme-catalyzed and not the result of spontaneous cyclization. Thus, the results presented here together with previous studies suggest that all steps in arabidopside biosynthesis are enzyme-dependent and apparently all reactions can take place with substrates being esterified to galactolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders K Nilsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Per Fahlberg
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Oskar N Johansson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mats Hamberg
- Division of Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17 177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats X Andersson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mats Ellerström
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
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20
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Dave A, Vaistij FE, Gilday AD, Penfield SD, Graham IA. Regulation of Arabidopsis thaliana seed dormancy and germination by 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid. J Exp Bot 2016; 67:2277-84. [PMID: 26873978 PMCID: PMC4809285 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the oxylipin 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) acts along with abscisic acid to regulate seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana, but the mechanistic details of this synergistic interaction remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that OPDA acts through the germination inhibition effects of abscisic acid, the abscisic acid-sensing ABI5 protein, and the gibberellin-sensing RGL2 DELLA protein. We further demonstrate that OPDA also acts through another dormancy-promoting factor, MOTHER-OF-FT-AND-TFL1 (MFT). Both abscisic acid and MFT positively feed back into the OPDA pathway by promoting its accumulation. These results confirm the central role of OPDA in regulating seed dormancy and germination in A. thaliana and underline the complexity of interactions between OPDA and other dormancy-promoting factors such as abscisic acid, RGL2, and MFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Dave
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Fabián E Vaistij
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Alison D Gilday
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Steven D Penfield
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Ian A Graham
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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21
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Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) constitute a major class of plant regulators that coordinate responses to biotic and abiotic threats and important aspects of plant development. The core biosynthetic pathway converts linolenic acid released from plastid membrane lipids to the cyclopentenone cis-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) that is further reduced and shortened to jasmonic acid (JA) in peroxisomes. Abundant pools of OPDA esterified to plastid lipids also occur upon stress, mainly in the Arabidopsis genus. Long thought to be the bioactive hormone, JA only gains its pleiotropic hormonal properties upon conjugation into jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile). The signaling pathway triggered when JA-Ile promotes the assembly of COI1-JAZ (Coronatine Insensitive 1-JAsmonate Zim domain) co-receptor complexes has been the focus of most recent research in the jasmonate field. In parallel, OPDA and several other JA derivatives are recognized for their separate activities and contribute to the diversity of jasmonate action in plant physiology. We summarize in this chapter the properties of different bioactive JAs and review elements known for their perception and signal transduction. Much progress has also been gained on the enzymatic processes governing JA-Ile removal. Two JA-Ile catabolic pathways, operating through ω-oxidation (cytochromes P450) or conjugate cleavage (amido hydrolases) shape signal dynamics to allow optimal control on defense. JA-Ile turnover not only participates in signal attenuation, but also impact the homeostasis of the entire JA metabolic pathway.
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22
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Scalschi L, Sanmartín M, Camañes G, Troncho P, Sánchez-Serrano JJ, García-Agustín P, Vicedo B. Silencing of OPR3 in tomato reveals the role of OPDA in callose deposition during the activation of defense responses against Botrytis cinerea. Plant J 2015; 81:304-15. [PMID: 25407262 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cis-(+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) is likely to play signaling roles in plant defense that do not depend on its further conversion to the phytohormone jasmonic acid. To elucidate the role of OPDA in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) plant defense, we have silenced the 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 3 (OPR3) gene. Two independent transgenic tomato lines (SiOPR3-1 and SiOPR3-2) showed significantly reduced OPR3 expression upon infection with the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Moreover, SiOPR3 plants are more susceptible to this pathogen, and this susceptibility is accompanied by a significant decrease in OPDA levels and by the production of JA-Ile being almost abolished. OPR3 silencing also leads to a major reduction in the expression of other genes of the jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis and signaling pathways after infection. These results confirm that in tomato plants, as in Arabidopsis, OPR3 determines OPDA availability for JA biosynthesis. In addition, we show that an intact JA biosynthetic pathway is required for proper callose deposition, as its pathogen-induced accumulation is reduced in SiOPR3 plants. Interestingly, OPDA, but not JA, treatment restored basal resistance to B. cinerea and induced callose deposition in SiOPR3-1 and SiOPR3-2 transgenic plants. These results provide clear evidence that OPDA by itself plays a major role in the basal defense of tomato plants against this necrotrophic pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Scalschi
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, ESTCE, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, 12071, Spain
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23
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Taki-Nakano N, Ohzeki H, Kotera J, Ohta H. Cytoprotective effects of 12-oxo phytodienoic acid, a plant-derived oxylipin jasmonate, on oxidative stress-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:3413-22. [PMID: 25219458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jasmonates are plant lipid-derived oxylipins that act as key signaling compounds when plants are under oxidative stress, but little is known about their functions in mammalian cells. Here we investigated whether jasmonates could protect human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against oxidative stress-induced toxicity. METHODS The cells were pretreated with individual jasmonates for 24h and exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 24h. Before the resulting cytotoxicity, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured. We also measured intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels and investigated changes in the signaling cascade mediated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in cells treated with 12-oxo phytodienoic acid (OPDA). RESULTS Among the jasmonates, only OPDA suppressed H2O2-induced cytotoxicity. OPDA pretreatment also inhibited the H2O2-induced ROS increase and mitochondrial membrane potential decrease. In addition, OPDA induced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and increased intracellular GSH level and the expression of the Nrf2-regulated phase II antioxidant enzymes heme oxygenase-1, NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1, and glutathione reductase. Finally, the cytoprotective effects of OPDA were reduced by siRNA-induced knockdown of Nrf2. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that among jasmonates, only OPDA suppressed oxidative stress-induced death of human neuroblastoma cells, which occurred via activation of the Nrf2 pathway. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Plant-derived oxylipin OPDA may have the potential to provide protection against oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Taki-Nakano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-65 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan; Advanced Medical Research Laboratories, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1000, Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama 227-0033, Japan.
| | - Hiromitsu Ohzeki
- Advanced Medical Research Laboratories, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1000, Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama 227-0033, Japan
| | - Jun Kotera
- Advanced Medical Research Laboratories, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1000, Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama 227-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohta
- Center for Biological Resources and Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-65 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan; Earth-Life Science Institute, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.
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24
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Satoh M, Tokaji Y, Nagano AJ, Hara-Nishimura I, Hayashi M, Nishimura M, Ohta H, Masuda S. Arabidopsis mutants affecting oxylipin signaling in photo-oxidative stress responses. Plant Physiol Biochem 2014; 81:90-95. [PMID: 24342708 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant oxylipins derive from oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in thylakoid membranes and oxylipins such as jasmonic acid (JA) and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) play important roles in adaptation to photo-oxidative stress. OPDA functions both as a JA precursor and as a biologically active signaling molecule that induces expression of a specific set of genes. These genes can be induced by OPDA in the JA-insensitive coronatine insensitive1 (coi1) mutant, suggesting that there is an alternative pathway for OPDA signaling, independent of COI1-dependent JA signaling. However, little is known about OPDA signaling in photo-oxidative stress responses. In this study, we isolated Arabidopsis mutants with constitutively enhanced expression from the OPDA-responsive HsfA2 promoter. We used deletion mapping and complementation analysis to identify one responsible gene as CATALASE2. Our results thus indicate that ROS-producing cellular metabolism links to OPDA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Satoh
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Tokaji
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Atsushi J Nagano
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Shiga 520-2113, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Hayashi
- Department of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Tamura 1266, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829 Japan
| | - Mikio Nishimura
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-0867, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohta
- Center for Biological Resources and Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan; Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Shinji Masuda
- Center for Biological Resources and Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan; Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
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25
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Taurino M, Abelenda JA, Río-Alvarez I, Navarro C, Vicedo B, Farmaki T, Jiménez P, García-Agustín P, López-Solanilla E, Prat S, Rojo E, Sánchez-Serrano JJ, Sanmartín M. Jasmonate-dependent modifications of the pectin matrix during potato development function as a defense mechanism targeted by Dickeya dadantii virulence factors. Plant J 2014; 77:418-29. [PMID: 24286390 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The plant cell wall constitutes an essential protection barrier against pathogen attack. In addition, cell-wall disruption leads to accumulation of jasmonates (JAs), which are key signaling molecules for activation of plant inducible defense responses. However, whether JAs in return modulate the cell-wall composition to reinforce this defensive barrier remains unknown. The enzyme 13-allene oxide synthase (13-AOS) catalyzes the first committed step towards biosynthesis of JAs. In potato (Solanum tuberosum), there are two putative St13-AOS genes, which we show here to be differentially induced upon wounding. We also determine that both genes complement an Arabidopsis aos null mutant, indicating that they encode functional 13-AOS enzymes. Indeed, transgenic potato plants lacking both St13-AOS genes (CoAOS1/2 lines) exhibited a significant reduction of JAs, a concomitant decrease in wound-responsive gene activation, and an increased severity of soft rot disease symptoms caused by Dickeya dadantii. Intriguingly, a hypovirulent D. dadantii pel strain lacking the five major pectate lyases, which causes limited tissue maceration on wild-type plants, regained infectivity in CoAOS1/2 plants. In line with this, we found differences in pectin methyl esterase activity and cell-wall pectin composition between wild-type and CoAOS1/2 plants. Importantly, wild-type plants had pectins with a lower degree of methyl esterification, which are the substrates of the pectate lyases mutated in the pel strain. These results suggest that, during development of potato plants, JAs mediate modification of the pectin matrix to form a defensive barrier that is counteracted by pectinolytic virulence factors from D. dadantii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Taurino
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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26
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Koo AJ, Howe GA. Role of Peroxisomal beta-Oxidation in the Production of Plant Signaling Compounds. Plant Signal Behav 2007; 2:20-22. [PMID: 19704801 PMCID: PMC2633891 DOI: 10.4161/psb.2.1.3612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The lipid-derived signaling compound jasmonic acid (JA) regulates a wide variety of developmental and defense-related processes in higher plants. JA synthesis is initiated in the plastid and completed in peroxisomes. The peroxisomal reactions involve reduction of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) to 3-oxo-2-(2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-octanoic acid (OPC-8:0), which is subsequently converted to JA by three rounds of beta-oxidation. It is widely assumed that JA precursors are activated to their CoA derivatives prior to entering the beta-oxidation cycle. However, acyl-activating enzymes (AAEs) that catalyze this reaction in vivo have remained elusive, owing in part to the large size and functional redundancy of the AAE gene family. In a recent issue of The Journal of Biological Chemistry, we reported the use of coexpression analysis to identify an AAE gene that is coordinately regulated with known JA biosynthetic components in Arabidopsis. A combination of genetic, biochemical, and cellular approaches was used to demonstrate that this gene, called OPC-8:0 CoA Ligase1 (OPCL1), has a physiological role in activating JA precursors in the peroxisome. Similar approaches may be useful for identifying additional components of the jasmonate pathway, as well as AAEs that participate in the synthesis of other plant signaling compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Jk Koo
- Department of Energy-Plant Research Laboratory; Michigan State University; East Lansing, Michigan USA
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