Melatonin protects sperm cells of Capoeta trutta from toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

In this study, it was aimed to determine the protective effects of melatonin (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mM) against 10 mg/L titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂-NPs) on kinematic and oxidative indices in the sperm cells of Capoeta trutta. Therefore, TiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized primarily within the scope of the study. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by structurally different techniques. Then, melatonin and TiO₂ were applied to Capoeta trutta sperm cells by in vitro. According to our data, all doses of melatonin showed protective effects on all velocities of sperm cells such as the straight line velocity (VSL), the curvilinear velocity (VCL), and the angular path velocity (VAP) against TiO₂-NPs, while 0.1 and 1 mM doses of melatonin improved the VSL value. Although TiO₂-NPs increased total glutathione (tGSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) lipid peroxidation, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) compared to the control group, there were positive treatment effects for all doses of melatonin on antioxidant capacity of sperm cells. At the end of this research, it is suggested that over 0.1 mM dose of melatonin improves the velocity of sperm cells and it plays a protective role against the toxic effects of TiO₂-NPs.

The Influence of Benson Relaxation on Oxidative Stress Marker of Premenstrual Syndrome in Students of Khoy University of Medical Sciences

BACKGROUND:

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common painful disorder in females. The use of Benson’s relaxation technique with a focus on sensations affects a range of physical and mental symptoms, reduces stress, and subsequently leads to changes in oxidative stress indexes.

AIM:

The present study aimed to determine the impact of Benson’s relaxation technique on oxidative stress indexes of premenstrual syndrome in students in Khoy University of Medical Sciences.

METHODS:

A quasi-experimental design with intervention and control groups was used in this study. The female nursing students at Khoy University of Medical Sciences were selected by convenience and were assigned by the simple random method to control and intervention groups, each of which with 30 samples. The data collection tool was a three-part questionnaire and a checklist for recording values. Data collection was done at two stages of before and after intervention on days 21 to 28 and the third day of menstruation by distributing questionnaires and a blood sampling. The Mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage using descriptive statistics and Inferential statistically were utilised to analyse data through paired T-test, independent T-test, and Chi-square tests in addition to analysis of relations by using SPSS V25 at the p-value < 0.05.

RESULTS:

According to the findings, most of the samples were single (90%), native (61.6%) and had PMS symptoms (83.3%). The participants’ mean age was 21 ± 1.5 years, and most of them had physical symptoms of headache, fatigue, behavioural symptoms of nervous tension and mood swing. The results indicated a significant difference between control and intervention groups in malondialdehyde2 (MDA2) and Total Antioxidant Capacity2 (TAC2) (p = 0.001). The within-groups comparison indicated a statistically significant difference between the total MDA index with a mean difference of 0.126 and TAC index (-.122) of the intervention group (p = 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

The research results emphasised the importance of using Benson’s relaxation techniques as an alternative medicine on the variability of levels oxidative stress markers and Consequently for reducing physical and mental symptoms.

The in vitro effect of cypermethrin on quality and oxidative stress indices of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss spermatozoa

There is limited information on the scientific literature about the effect of in vitro exposure of fish sperm to pesticides. In vitro effect of cypermethrin on sperm quality and oxidative stress has not yet been fully investigated. Therefore, the effects of cypermethrin, a type II pyrethroid insecticide, on quality and oxidative stress of spermatozoa were examined in vitro. To explore the potential in vitro toxicity of cypermethrin, fish spermatozoa were incubated with different concentrations of cypermethrin (1.025, 2.05 and 4.1 μg/l) for 2 h. The motility rate and duration of sperm were determined after exposure to cypermethrin. Reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in spermatozoa were analyzed for determination of oxidant and antioxidant balance. Our results indicated that spermatozoa motility and duration significantly decreased with exposure to cypermethrin. Additionally, activity of GSH-Px (P<0.05) and MDA and GSH levels increased in a concentration-dependent manner while CAT activity decreased (P<0.05). Consequently, the oxidant and antioxidant status and sperm quality were affected by quantitative changes and different concentrations of cypermethrin.

The in vitro effect of Lambda-cyhalothrin on quality and antioxidant responses of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss spermatozoa

There is little information in the scientific literature about effect of in vitro exposure of fish spermatozoa to pesticides. In vitro effect of Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) on sperm quality and oxidative stress has not been fully explored yet. The effects of LCT, which is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, on quality and oxidative stress of spermatozoa were investigated in vitro due to extensively use to control a wide range of insect pests in agriculture, public health, and homes and gardens. To explore the potential in vitro toxicity of LCT, fish spermatozoa were incubated with different concentrations of LCT (0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 μg/L) for 2h. Reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in spermatozoa were analyzed for determination of oxidant and antioxidant balance. Our results indicated that the percentage and duration of sperm motility significantly decreased with exposure to LCT. Activity of GSH-Px and MDA (P<0.05) and GSH levels (P<0.05) increased in a concentration-dependent manner while CAT activity decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, the oxidant and antioxidant status and sperm quality were affected by increasing concentrations of LCT.