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Mendez R, Velazquez E, Gimenez A, Michaud M, Mendez J, Wong M, Quesada J, Márquez-Magaña L, Samayoa C. The Impact of Insider Researcher Trainees in Recruiting and Retaining Latinx in an Outdoor Health Promotion Research Study. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:1672-1684. [PMID: 37278955 PMCID: PMC10243238 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01642-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Latinx represent the second largest ethnic group in the USA and remain significantly underrepresented in research studies. Efforts to better include Latinx make use of community-engaged research (CEnR) approaches, peer-navigators, and cultural humility training for research teams. While these efforts have led to slight increases in Latinx participation, studies to identify strategic practices for better inclusion of Latinx participants are needed. The objective of this study was to qualitatively examine factors leading to successful recruitment and retention of Latinx participants in the Promoting Activity and Stress Reduction in the Outdoors (PASITO) intervention. For this intervention, 99 low-income Latinx clients in a local community were contacted and 52 participants were recruited (53%). All were retained in the 3-month intervention. Of these, 12 were interviewed within 6 months of the close of PASITO by bi-cultural and bi-lingual non-research staff. They conducted one-on-one structured telephone interviews. Of the twelve participants, three (25%) were men, nine (75%) were women, and the mean age was 43.7 (SD = 8.7). Four critical themes for the recruitment and retention of Latinx populations emerged from the interviews: (1) importance of insider researchers; (2) sense of community and belonging; (3) responsive programming; and (4) health-promoting activities. These findings support the significant role insider researchers can play, and social identity theory provides a useful framework for understanding the role of insider researchers in recruiting and retaining Latinx, and likely other minoritized groups, in clinical studies. Insider researchers possess the skills, training, community cultural wealth, in-depth understanding of their communities, and structural competencies that position them to carry out more inclusive studies to address the needs of marginalized communities and advance science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Mendez
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, Hensill Hall 665, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA.
| | - Edgar Velazquez
- Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA
| | - Alyssa Gimenez
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, Hensill Hall 665, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - Midley Michaud
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, Hensill Hall 665, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - Jaqueline Mendez
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, Hensill Hall 665, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - Miriam Wong
- The Latina Center, 3701 Barrett Ave, Richmond, CA, 94805, USA
| | - James Quesada
- Department of Anthropology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - Leticia Márquez-Magaña
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, Hensill Hall 665, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - Cathy Samayoa
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, Hensill Hall 665, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
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Maloney MD, Haddas R, Schwarz EM, Nelms S, Rizzone K. Efforts to Improve Diversity, Equality, and Inclusion in Sports Medicine via Community Engagement Initiatives Within American Cities Divided by Racial, Social, and Economic Factors. Clin Sports Med 2024; 43:271-277. [PMID: 38383109 DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Although the twenty-first century has seen major advances in evidence-based medicine to improve health, athletic performance, and injury prevention, our inability to implement these best practices across underserved American communities has limited the impact of these breakthroughs in sports medicine. Rochester, NY is stereotypical of American communities in which an economically challenged racially diverse urban center with grossly underperforming public schools is surrounded by adequately resourced predominantly Caucasian state-of-the-art education systems. As these great disparities perpetuate and further degrade our society in the absence of interventions, the need for community engagement initiatives is self-evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Maloney
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Ram Haddas
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Edward M Schwarz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Shaun Nelms
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Rizzone
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Armbruster SD, Brow K, Locklear T, Frazier M, Harden SM. Mixed-method approach to informing a lifestyle intervention to improve the survivorship of patients with endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 180:160-167. [PMID: 38091776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify endometrial cancer survivors' (ECS) barriers and facilitators for participation in lifestyle interventions to improve their dietary and exercise behaviors. Our secondary objective is to determine baseline information: physical activity level, quality of life (QoL), and impact of COVID-19 on exercise, diet, and mental health. METHODS Obese, early-stage ECS participated in 2-part mixed-methods data collection; Part 1: survey gathering sample characteristics, QoL, exercise, and basic endometrial cancer- related knowledge. Part 2: virtual focus group or individual interviews using a brainwriting premortem protocol. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS (version 8.3). Qualitative data were analyzed using deductive thematic coding guided by the RE-AIM framework. RESULTS Twenty percent (70/358) of ECS from a survivorship database and clinic recruitment completed the survey; 16 ECS provided qualitative feedback. Common barriers to intervention participation included time and resource costs, meeting frequency, and pessimism about weight loss maintenance. Facilitators included an opportunity to connect with other survivors and a focus on health rather than weight loss. Most ECS could not identify exercise guidelines (60%) and 83% were not meeting these guidelines. Higher BMI was correlated with a lower confidence in completing in moderate physical activity (p-value = 0.0206). Post-COVID-19 pandemic, physical activity, nutritional decisions, and/or mental health worsened for 67% of ECS. CONCLUSION ECS are a disparate population, with worsening behaviors and mental health following the pandemic. The identified ECS-specific barriers and facilitators to behavioral intervention participation are being used to simultaneously improve the reach of and adherence to a lifestyle intervention aimed at improving their health and QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon D Armbruster
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA.
| | - Katie Brow
- Virginia Tech School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Tonja Locklear
- Carilion Clinic Health Analytics Research Team, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Mary Frazier
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Program, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Samantha M Harden
- Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Fridh MK, Schmidt-Andersen P, Andrés-Jensen L, Thorsteinsson T, Wehner PS, Hasle H, Schmiegelow K, Larsen HB. Children with cancer and their cardiorespiratory fitness and physical function-the long-term effects of a physical activity program during treatment: a multicenter non-randomized controlled trial. J Cancer Surviv 2023:10.1007/s11764-023-01499-7. [PMID: 38057671 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01499-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to determine the effects of a classmate-supported, supervised, in-hospital physical activity program during treatment primarily on cardiorespiratory fitness and secondarily on physical function. METHODS A multicenter non-randomized controlled intervention study including children diagnosed with cancer, 6-18 years at diagnosis treated with chemo-/radiotherapy. The intervention comprised (i) an educational session on cancer in the child's school class; (ii) selection of two "ambassadors"-classmates who were co-admitted, supporting the child's everyday hospital life; and (iii) supervised in-hospital physical activity from diagnosis and throughout intensive treatment. One-year post-treatment, physical testing included cardiorespiratory fitness (primary outcome), Sit-to-Stand test, Timed-Up-and-Go, and Handgrip Strength. RESULTS The intervention group included 75 of 120 children (61% boys, 13.4 ± 3.1 years); the control groups included 33 of 58 children with cancer (58% boys, 13.5 ± 2.5 years), and 94 age- and sex-matched children without a cancer history. One-year post-treatment, cardiorespiratory fitness tended to be higher in the intervention group (37.0 ± 6.0 mL/kg/min) than in the patient control group with cancer (32.3 ± 9.7 mL/kg/min) (mean difference 4.7 [0.4 to 9.1], p = 0.034). The intervention group performed better in the secondary outcomes. Compared with community controls, both patient groups had lower cardiorespiratory fitness. The patient control group had lower Sit-to-Stand, Timed Up and Go, and Handgrip Strength, while the intervention group had strength comparable to that of the community controls. CONCLUSIONS Peer-supported, supervised, in-hospital physical activity during treatment may improve cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength 1-year post-treatment in children with cancer; however, survivors continue to have lower cardiorespiratory fitness than community controls. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Children with cancer may benefit from in-hospital physical activity in improving long-term cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kaj Fridh
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Peter Schmidt-Andersen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Science, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Centre of Head and Orthopedics, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liv Andrés-Jensen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Troels Thorsteinsson
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peder Skov Wehner
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik Hasle
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Bækgaard Larsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- The University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Science, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Abstract
Lifestyle intervention is an alluring concept. Changing behaviors to reduce food intake and increase energy expenditure will reduce body weight and body fat. Large randomized clinical trials in academic settings demonstrate lifestyle intervention can produce weight loss and significant health benefits. However, they also demonstrate the problems-not all participants are able to lose even 5%, and weight regain is common. Studies conducted in real-world settings achieve modest weight loss, but no reimbursement model supports it. Health care providers need to understand the benefits and limitations of lifestyle intervention delivery in the medical office setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna H Ryan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
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Gasana J, O'Keeffe T, Withers TM, Greaves CJ. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the long-term effects of physical activity interventions on objectively measured outcomes. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1697. [PMID: 37660119 PMCID: PMC10474717 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although physical activity interventions are frequently reported to be effective, long-term changes are needed to generate meaningful health benefits. There are criticisms that evaluations of physical activity interventions mostly report short-term outcomes and that these are often self-reported rather than measured objectively. This study therefore aimed to assess the long-term (at least 24 month) effectiveness of behavioural interventions on objectively measured physical activity. METHODS We conducted a systematic review with a meta-analysis of effects on objectively measured physical activity. We searched: Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, PsychInfo, CINAHL and Pubmed up to 10th January 2022. Studies were included if they were in English and included a physical intervention that assessed physical activity in the long-term (defined as at least 24 months). RESULTS Eight studies with 8480 participants were identified with data suitable for meta-analysis. There was a significant effect of interventions on daily steps 24 months post baseline (four studies, SMD: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.28) with similar results at 36 to 48 months of follow up (four studies, SMD: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.27). There was a significant effect of interventions on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 24 months post baseline (four studies, SMD: 0.18 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.29) and at 36 to 48 months (three studies, SMD: 0.16 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.23). The mean effect size was small. However, the changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and steps per day were clinically meaningful in the best-performing studies. CONCLUSION This review suggests that behavioural interventions can be effective in promoting small, but clinically meaningful increases in objectively measured physical activity for up to 48 months. There is therefore a need to develop interventions that can achieve greater increases in long-term physical activity with greater efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gasana
- School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, P.O Box 3286, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - T O'Keeffe
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - T M Withers
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - C J Greaves
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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7
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Qiu H, Liang X. Change in Sleep Latency as a Mediator of the Effect of Physical Activity Intervention on Executive Functions Among Children with ADHD: A Secondary Analysis from a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-06018-2. [PMID: 37256478 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-06018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the potential mediating role of sleep quality in the effect of physical activity (PA) intervention for improving executive functions (EFs) in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Participants aged 6 to 12 years old with a formal ADHD diagnosis were recruited from a local hospital. A total of 80 eligible children with ADHD were randomized to an intervention group for 12 consecutive weeks of PA training (three times per week, 60 min per session) (n = 40; Mage = 8.37, 75% boys) or a wait-list control group (n = 40; Mage = 8.29, 80% boys). Three core EFs (inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility) were assessed by neurocognitive tasks, and sleep quality was measured by the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The bootstrapping method was used to test PA intervention effects on EFs and on potential variables of sleep quality after intervention and to test whether there were indirect effects of the intervention on EFs via mediators of sleep. The results showed that the PA intervention had a direct effect on sleep latency reduction (β = - 0.26, 95%CI - 0.47 to - 0.06) and cognitive flexibility improvement (decrease in completion time) (β = - 0.30, 95%CI - 0.50 to - 0.09). Furthermore, change in sleep latency significantly mediated the effects of PA intervention on cognitive flexibility (β = - 0.084, 95%CI - 0.252 to - 0.001). The findings suggest that sleep latency could be a crucial behavioral mediator of PA intervention in improving cognitive flexibility among children with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- Department of Educational Administration and Policy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Brandes M, Brandes B, Sell L, Sacheck JM, Chinapaw M, Lubans DR, Woll A, Schipperijn J, Jago R, Busse H. How to select interventions for promoting physical activity in schools? Combining preferences of stakeholders and scientists. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:48. [PMID: 37098620 PMCID: PMC10127415 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01452-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The failure to scale-up and implement physical activity (PA) interventions in real world contexts, which were previously successful under controlled conditions, may be attributed to the different criteria of stakeholders and scientists in the selection process of available interventions. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate and compare the criteria applied by local stakeholders and scientists for selecting amongst suitable school-based PA interventions for implementation. METHODS We conducted a three-round repeated survey Delphi study with local stakeholders (n = 7; Bremen, Germany) and international scientific PA experts (n = 6). Independently for both panels, two rounds were utilized to develop a list of criteria and the definitions of criteria, followed by a prioritization of the criteria in the third round. For each panel, a narrative analysis was used to rank-order unique criteria, list the number of scorers for the unique criteria and synthesize criteria into overarching categories. RESULTS The stakeholders developed a list of 53 unique criteria, synthesized into 11 categories with top-ranked criteria being 'free of costs', 'longevity' and 'integration into everyday school life'. The scientists listed 35 unique criteria, synthesized into 7 categories with the top-ranked criteria being 'efficacy', 'potential for reach' and 'feasibility'. The top ranked unique criteria in the stakeholder panel were distributed over many categories, whereas four out of the top six criteria in the scientist panel were related to 'evidence'. CONCLUSIONS Although stakeholders and scientists identified similar criteria, major differences were disclosed in the prioritization of the criteria. We recommend an early collaboration of stakeholders and scientists in the design, implementation, and evaluation of PA interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Brandes
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Berit Brandes
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Louisa Sell
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jennifer M Sacheck
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Mai Chinapaw
- Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David R Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Heide Busse
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
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Oliva HNP, Monteiro-Junior RS, Oliva IO, Powers AR. Effects of exercise intervention on psychotic symptoms: A meta-analysis and hypothetical model of neurobiological mechanisms. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110771. [PMID: 37075881 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
There is conflicting evidence on the efficacy of exercise as intervention for psychosis. This article aims to analyze the effect of exercise on psychotic symptoms. A database search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, EBSCO and Cochrane CENTRAL, based on a protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42022326944). Papers available by March 2023 assessing exercise interventions in psychotic patients were included. A significant improvement was found in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive symptoms (MD = -0.75 [-1.35, -0.15], p = 0.01), with large effect sizes for PANSS-negative and general symptoms (-2.14 [-3.36, -0.92]) and (-2.53 [-3.15, -1.91]), respectively. Heterogeneity was high among studies, 49 and 73% for PANSS-positive and negative symptoms, and low, 0%, for general symptoms. It was hypothesized that functioning of specific brain areas, such as the temporal lobe and hippocampus, may underlie the improvement seen with exercise. Based on neuroimaging/neurophysiology studies, we propose a neurobiological model accounting for the association between exercise and psychotic symptom improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique N P Oliva
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine and the Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA; Graduate Program of Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Renato S Monteiro-Junior
- Graduate Program of Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Isabela O Oliva
- School of Medicine, Centro Universitario FIPMoc (UNIFIPMoc), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Albert R Powers
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine and the Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Lewańczyk AM, Langham-Walsh E, Edwards L, Branney P, Walters ER, Mitchell P, Vaportzis E. Back Onside protocol: A physical activity intervention to improve health outcomes in people who are unemployed or at risk of unemployment. Eval Program Plann 2023; 97:102204. [PMID: 36529025 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2022.102204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Given the effects of physical activity on people's mental and physical health, a better understanding is needed of how physical activity interventions may impact the health of people who are unemployed or at risk of unemployment. This has added urgency in the context of rising rates of poverty-related unemployment in the UK in 2022. The current paper details the protocol used in the evaluation of the Back Onside Programme; a community-based programme delivered by the Bradford Bulls Foundation in the Bradford District. The Programme supports people from low socio-economic backgrounds who are unemployed or at risk of unemployment to maintain regular physical activity through a ten-week physical activity intervention. This pilot study evaluates how a physical activity intervention may impact the mental and physical health of people who are unemployed or at risk of unemployment in an uncontrolled pragmatic pilot study. Four cohorts run back-to-back between May 2021 and May 2022, with separate groups for men (N = 100) and women (N = 60). Physical and wellbeing assessment at baseline and post-intervention is conducted. If the intervention works in this context for these individuals, it will be a promising low-cost community-based intervention for people who are unemployed or at risk of unemployment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa Edwards
- University of Bradford, Bradford, UK; Wolfson Centre for Applied Health Research, Bradford, UK
| | - Peter Branney
- University of Bradford, Bradford, UK; Wolfson Centre for Applied Health Research, Bradford, UK
| | - Elizabeth R Walters
- University of Bradford, Bradford, UK; Wolfson Centre for Applied Health Research, Bradford, UK
| | | | - Eleftheria Vaportzis
- University of Bradford, Bradford, UK; Wolfson Centre for Applied Health Research, Bradford, UK.
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Kaye S, Lewandowski A, Dunne M, Bowman J, Archer V. Feasibility of an Intervention Targeting Health through Exergaming as an Alternative to Routine Treatment (FIT HEART): protocol for a non-randomised two-armed pilot study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:122. [PMID: 35690876 PMCID: PMC9187892 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-01068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite elevated risk of cardiometabolic disease among those with serious mental illness, and widespread recognition that physical activity interventions are required, there are multiple barriers to implementing typically recommended physical activity programmes in secure inpatient settings. Due to low mood, negative symptoms and poor socio-occupational functioning, psychiatric inpatients often lack motivation to engage in physical activity programmes. Moreover, regular access to outdoor spaces and exercise equipment is limited. As such, there is a need for novel physical activity interventions that are suitable for secure settings. This study aims to investigate the feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness of an intervention (exergaming) to promote physical activity among patients in a secure mental health setting. Methods This non-randomised, two-arm pilot study will employ a pre-test/post-test parallel group design, comparing the exergaming intervention with a “routine treatment” control. Two high-secure, sub-acute wards in the Long Bay Hospital Mental Health Unit will be non-randomly allocated to either the exergaming intervention or the “routine treatment” control group. The intervention group will receive a 12-week programme comprising three 30-min exergaming sessions per week using various Xbox KinectTM activity-based games designed to simulate moderate intensity exercise. The “routine treatment” group will continue to receive the standard model of care delivered by the Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network. Accelerometers will be distributed to all participants to collect daily energy expenditure, number of steps taken, intensity of physical activity and heart rate data throughout the study. The primary outcomes are (1) intervention feasibility and acceptability, and (2) baseline to post-intervention changes in physical health outcomes (levels of physical activity; cardiovascular fitness; clinical measures of cardiometabolic risk). Secondary outcomes are baseline to post-intervention changes in mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, stress, positive psychiatric symptoms). Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, mid-intervention, and post-intervention. Discussion This research will contribute to evidence-based practice in the care of patients with serious mental illness: a vulnerable population with complex physical and mental health needs and a markedly elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. The findings will inform cardiovascular health promotion strategies and the implementation of physical activity interventions in secure inpatient settings. Trial registration ANZCTR, ACTRN12619000202167. Registered on 12 February 2019, https://www.anzctr.org.au. ANZCTR mandatory data items comply with the minimum dataset requirements of the World Health Organisation (WHO). The ANZCTR contributes trial registration data to the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40814-022-01068-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharlene Kaye
- Research Unit, Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Long Bay Complex, Roundhouse, 1300 Anzac Parade, Malabar, NSW, 2036, Australia. .,National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Amy Lewandowski
- Research Unit, Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Long Bay Complex, Roundhouse, 1300 Anzac Parade, Malabar, NSW, 2036, Australia
| | - Mitchell Dunne
- Research Unit, Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Long Bay Complex, Roundhouse, 1300 Anzac Parade, Malabar, NSW, 2036, Australia
| | - Julia Bowman
- Research Unit, Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Long Bay Complex, Roundhouse, 1300 Anzac Parade, Malabar, NSW, 2036, Australia
| | - Vicki Archer
- Research Unit, Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Long Bay Complex, Roundhouse, 1300 Anzac Parade, Malabar, NSW, 2036, Australia
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Thompson K, Herens M, van Ophem J, Wagemakers A. Strengthening sense of coherence: Evidence from a physical activity intervention targeting vulnerable adults. Prev Med Rep 2022; 24:101554. [PMID: 34976623 PMCID: PMC8683975 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sense of coherence (SOC), a concept that refers to individuals' abilities to manage, comprehend, and find meaning in their lives and the world around them, has been shown to be an important predictor of health outcomes. While SOC was initially hypothesized to be static after early-adulthood, there is growing evidence that health interventions can strengthen SOC. In this study, we accordingly examined whether SOC could be strengthened among adults in the context of a physical activity intervention. This intervention, Communities on the Move, was conducted in the Netherlands, and was primarily targeted at older adults from socially vulnerable backgrounds. Four cohorts were followed for 18 months each, between 2012 and 2016. The SOC-3 questionnaire was used to collect data on SOC at baseline (T0) and after eighteen months (T3), with information on 117 participants in both of these waves. To assess the change in SOC between T0 and T3, ordered logistic regressions were performed, as well as mixed ordered logistic regressions with random intercepts for group and program location. This study found evidence that SOC significantly changed from T0 to T3. Participants with weak SOC at baseline reported a median one-point stronger SOC at T3 (on a 6-point scale), while those with moderate or strong SOC at baseline reported a median change of zero points between T0 and T3. Further, based on the results of the regression analyses, those with weaker SOC scores were most likely to have stronger SOC at T3: having a weak SOC at baseline was associated with a 76% probability of stronger SOC, and a 4% probability of weaker SOC at T3. These results indicated that SOC may be strengthened in vulnerable older adults, particularly when their SOC is initially low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marion Herens
- Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation (WCDI), Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johan van Ophem
- Urban Economics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Wagemakers
- Health and Society Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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13
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FUKUSHIMA T, TANAKA T, FUKUSHIMA S, WATANABE M, AOKI J, ITO A, INAMOTO Y, KIM SW, KAWAI A, FUKUDA T. Improvement in the Physical Function and Quality of Life through Exercise and Physical Activity Intervention Using a Smartphone after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Case Report. Phys Ther Res 2022; 25:162-167. [PMID: 36819913 PMCID: PMC9910345 DOI: 10.1298/ptr.e10196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity (PA) interventions positively affect the physical function (PF) in patients with advanced cancer. However, patients must remain motivated during the intervention. We report a case wherein a smartphone application for PA intervention was useful in motivating the patient to improve adherence. METHODS A 40-year-old woman underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) for an advanced extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma. On day 6, she developed the posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. She was managed in the intensive care unit for 3 days, and her PF declined markedly. We initiated a smartphone-based PA intervention from day 35. She was instructed to maintain a PA diary for self-monitoring of the daily steps and to set a new step-count goal every week. RESULTS The PA and PF improved within a short period thereafter. However, she developed severe acute graft-versus-host disease and was administered with high-dose systemic corticosteroids from day 49. The PA, PF, and quality of life (QOL) decreased again. The intervention was continued for 5 months with a high adherence. The PA, PF, and QOL improved gradually. She resumed independent activities of daily living and was discharged on day 202. CONCLUSION Smartphone-based PA intervention may be effective against post-allo-HCT physical dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya FUKUSHIMA
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology and Rehabilitation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Takashi TANAKA
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Suguru FUKUSHIMA
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology and Rehabilitation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Mizuki WATANABE
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Jun AOKI
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Ayumu ITO
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro INAMOTO
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Sung-Won KIM
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Akira KAWAI
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology and Rehabilitation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Takahiro FUKUDA
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
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14
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Hale GE, Colquhoun L, Lancastle D, Lewis N, Tyson PJ. Review: Physical activity interventions for the mental health and well-being of adolescents - a systematic review. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2021; 26:357-368. [PMID: 34105239 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rates of physical activity decline throughout adolescence, and evidence indicates that this has an adverse impact on psychological health. This paper aims to synthesise available evidence for physical activity interventions on the mental health and well-being of young people (11-19 years) from the general population. METHOD Nine databases were searched to identify studies published between January 2005 and June 2020: Web of Science, ProQuest Psychology Journals, PsycINFO, Pub Med, ASSIA, CINHAL PLUS, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE and Wiley Online Library. Key search terms included 'physical activity intervention', 'mental health' and 'adolescen*'. Eligible studies were independently screened by two authors based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. RESULTS Twenty-eight interventions were narratively synthesised in four categories: Quality of Life (QOL), self-esteem, psychological well-being and psychological ill-being (e.g. depression, stress). A large proportion (67.9%) of interventions were multicomponent and combined physical activity with other features such as health education (e.g. nutrition). However, only a limited number (N = 5) specifically addressed mental health. Findings suggest that interventions are useful in improving psychological well-being and QOL, yet evidence for self-esteem is mixed. CONCLUSIONS Although effectiveness in improving well-being is evident, evidence for a reduction in the frequency and severity of mental health problems is less clear. A summary of the overall impact of physical activity interventions on the mental health of young people is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle E Hale
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Luke Colquhoun
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Deborah Lancastle
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Nicky Lewis
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Philip J Tyson
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
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15
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Raphaely RA, Mongiardo MA, Goldstein RL, Robinson SA, Wan ES, Moy ML. Pain in Veterans with COPD: relationship with physical activity and exercise capacity. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:238. [PMID: 34266401 PMCID: PMC8280683 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is a common but underappreciated symptom experienced by people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The relationships between pain and physical activity (PA) and exercise capacity are poorly understood. METHODS This retrospective secondary analysis includes three cohorts of Veterans with COPD who participated in longitudinal studies evaluating PA and exercise capacity with objective measures of daily step counts and 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance, respectively. Pain was assessed using the bodily pain domain of the Veterans RAND-36. In two cohorts, participants were randomly assigned to a web-based, pedometer-mediated PA intervention which has previously been demonstrated to improve PA. RESULTS Three-hundred and seventy-three (373) unique study participants were included in this analysis. Eighty-three percent (n = 311) of the population reported at least mild pain and/or at least a little bit of interference due to pain at baseline. Cross-sectionally, greater bodily pain was associated with lower 6MWT distance (β = 0.51; 95% CI 0.20, 0.82; p = 0.0013). Longitudinally, worsening bodily pain was associated with a decline in 6MWT distance (β = 0.30; 95% CI 0.03, 0.58; p = 0.0312). There was no association between baseline bodily pain and baseline daily step counts, baseline bodily pain and change in PA, or change in bodily pain and change in PA. Compared to usual care, our PA intervention improved bodily pain scores (β = 6.17; 95% CI 1.84, 10.45; p = 0.0054). Bodily pain scores did not affect the impact of the intervention on daily step counts. CONCLUSION Pain is highly prevalent and significantly associated with lower exercise capacity among Veterans with COPD. Worsening pain co-occurred with decline in exercise capacity but not PA. Our intervention reduced pain, although pain did not affect the impact of the intervention on PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Raphaely
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, Mail Code 111P, Boston, MA, 02132, USA
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria A Mongiardo
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, Mail Code 111P, Boston, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Rebekah L Goldstein
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, Mail Code 111P, Boston, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Stephanie A Robinson
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, Mail Code 111P, Boston, MA, 02132, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare Systems, Bldg 70, 200 Springs Rd, Bedford, MA, 01732, USA
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily S Wan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, Mail Code 111P, Boston, MA, 02132, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marilyn L Moy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, Mail Code 111P, Boston, MA, 02132, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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16
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Botoseneanu A, Chen H, Ambrosius WT, Allore HG, Anton S, Folta SC, King AC, Nicklas BJ, Spring B, Strotmeyer ES, Gill TM. Metabolic syndrome and the benefit of a physical activity intervention on lower-extremity function: Results from a randomized clinical trial. Exp Gerontol 2021; 150:111343. [PMID: 33848565 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In older adults, increases in physical activity may prevent decline in lower-extremity function, but whether the benefit differs according to metabolic syndrome (MetS) status is uncertain. We aim to investigate whether structured physical activity is associated with less decline in lower-extremity function among older adults with versus without MetS. METHODS We used data from the multicenter Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) study to analyze 1535 sedentary functionally-vulnerable women and men, aged 70 to 89 years old, assessed every 6 months (February 2010-December 2013) for an average of 2.7 years. Participants were randomized to a structured, moderate-intensity physical activity intervention (PA; n = 766) or health education program (HE; n = 769). MetS was defined according to the 2009 multi-agency harmonized criteria. Lower-extremity function was assessed by 400-m walking speed and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score. RESULTS 763 (49.7%) participants met criteria for MetS at baseline. Relative to HE, PA was associated with faster 400-m walking speed among participants with MetS (P < 0.001) but not among those without MetS (P = 0.91), although the test for statistical interaction was marginally non-significant (P = 0.07). In contrast, no benefit of PA versus HE was observed on the SPPB score in either MetS subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Among older adults at high risk for mobility disability, moderate-intensity physical activity conveys significant benefits in 400-m walking speed but not SPPB in those with, but not without, MetS. The LIFE physical activity program may be an effective strategy for maintaining or improving walking speed among vulnerable older adults with MetS. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01072500.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anda Botoseneanu
- Department of Health and Human Services and Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor and Dearborn, MI, USA.
| | - Haiying Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Walter T Ambrosius
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Heather G Allore
- Department of Internal Medicine/Geriatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen Anton
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sara C Folta
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abby C King
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health and the Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Barbara J Nicklas
- J. Paul Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bonnie Spring
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elsa S Strotmeyer
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Aging and Population Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Thomas M Gill
- Department of Internal Medicine/Geriatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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17
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Telford RM, Olive LS, Telford RD. A peer coach intervention in childcare centres enhances early childhood physical activity: The Active Early Learning (AEL) cluster randomised controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:37. [PMID: 33726777 PMCID: PMC7962250 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As numbers of children and time spent in childcare centres increase, so does the potential influence of these centres on early childhood physical activity (PA). However, previous reports indicate little success of interventions aimed at improving PA. The Active Early Learning (AEL) program is a multi-component pragmatic intervention designed to imbed PA into the daily curriculum. Delivered by childcare centre staff, it is directed and supported by a peer coach who works across a network of centres. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of the AEL program on children’s PA. Methods Fifteen childcare centres (8 intervention, 7 control centres; 314 children, 180 boys, 4.3y ± 0.4) participated in a 22-week stratified cluster randomised controlled trial. To be eligible to participate, centres needed to have ≥15 preschool children aged 3 to 5-years. The primary outcome was PA measured by accelerometer (Actigraph GT3X) during childcare centre hours over a 3-day period, calculated in min/h of Total PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). The effect of the intervention was evaluated using linear mixed models adjusted for age, sex, accelerometer wear time and centre clustering. Results There was an intervention effect for Total PA (+ 4.06 min/h, 95% CI [2.66 to 5.47], p < .001) and MVPA (+ 2.33 min/h, 95% CI [1.31 to 3.34] p < .001). On average, a child taking part in the intervention attending a childcare centre from 8 am to 3 pm performed 28 min more Total PA and 16 min more MVPA per day than children receiving usual practice care. Conclusion In contrast with the findings of previous pragmatic trials in early childcare centres, this study shows that a peer-coach facilitated program, focussed on integrating PA into the daily childcare routine, can elicit increases in preschool children’s PA of practical as well as statistical significance. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials registry: ACTRN12619000638134. Registered 30/04/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Telford
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - L S Olive
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - R D Telford
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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Mooses K, Vihalemm T, Uibu M, Mägi K, Korp L, Kalma M, Mäestu E, Kull M. Developing a comprehensive school-based physical activity program with flexible design - from pilot to national program. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:92. [PMID: 33413288 PMCID: PMC7791753 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10111-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This article focuses on the process of designing the vital, participatory school-based intervention program aiming to increase the physical activity in schools. The program analyzed is Estonian nationwide comprehensive physical activity program Schools in Motion (SiM) that recently received European Commission's #BeActive Education Award. The program has a good performance in terms of willingness of schools to participate in co-creation of program development, the high interest to join the program and zero dropouts, and strong partnership with ministries which enables to actively participate in policy making. Authors analyze the key elements of the planning, piloting, implementation, and scaling phases of the SiM program and share their lessons learnt in co-working with schools. The difficulties faced during the development process, the strengths and challenges associated with an interdisciplinary approach, and involvement of schools as experts have been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerli Mooses
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ujula 4, 51008, Tartu, Estonia.,Institute of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tartu, Narva mnt 18, 51009, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Triin Vihalemm
- Institute of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tartu, Lossi 36, 51003, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marko Uibu
- Institute of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tartu, Lossi 36, 51003, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Katrin Mägi
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ujula 4, 51008, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leene Korp
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ujula 4, 51008, Tartu, Estonia.,Institute of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tartu, Lossi 36, 51003, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maarja Kalma
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ujula 4, 51008, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Evelin Mäestu
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ujula 4, 51008, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Merike Kull
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ujula 4, 51008, Tartu, Estonia
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Skage I, Ertesvåg SK, Roland P, Dyrstad SM. Implementation of physically active lessons: A 2-year follow-up. Eval Program Plann 2020; 83:101874. [PMID: 33007658 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2020.101874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Combining physical activity and academic content is a promising way to improve health and academic learning in schoolchildren. This paper examined the continuation of physically active lessons (PAL) in five Norwegian elementary schools, two years after a 10-month intervention period, which consisted of weekly minimum 2 x 45 min of PAL. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with nine teachers and five school leaders. The Level of Use instrument was used to assess how the teachers integrated PAL into the school day. Two years after the intervention period, seven of nine teachers conducted PAL regularly, on average one lesson per week. Teachers' implementation progress varied from struggling with logistics, to stable routine and creative adaption. Perceived benefits for the children, active leadership, and ongoing implementation support seem important for continuation. Introduction of PAL as a school development project, systematic planning from the onset and a gradual introduction of PAL, can be an effective strategy for continuation and long-term sustainability. In addition, the Level of Use instrument was useful to better understand which support mechanisms are needed at different stages in the implementation of PAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Skage
- Department of Education and Sport Science, University of Stavanger, 4036, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Children, Youth and Education, Municipality of Stavanger, 4068, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Sigrun K Ertesvåg
- Norwegian Centre for Learning Environment and Behavioural Research in Education, University of Stavanger, 4036, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Pål Roland
- Norwegian Centre for Learning Environment and Behavioural Research in Education, University of Stavanger, 4036, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Sindre M Dyrstad
- Department of Education and Sport Science, University of Stavanger, 4036, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Public Health, University of Stavanger, 4036, Stavanger, Norway.
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20
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Hahn L, Schmidt MD, Rathbun SL, Johnsen K, Annesi JJ, Ahn SJG. Using virtual agents to increase physical activity in young children with the virtual fitness buddy ecosystem: Study protocol for a cluster randomized trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 99:106181. [PMID: 33096225 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.106181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Designing and implementing a truly self-determined physical activity (PA) intervention has required excessive amounts of labor and expenses that, until recently, have made it prohibitively costly to implement in the field at scale. METHODS Guided by self-determination theory, and harnessing the power of consumer-grade interactive technologies, we developed the Virtual Fitness Buddy (VFB) Ecosystem. Designed to foster intrinsic motivation toward adopting PA as a lifestyle change in 6-10-year-old children, the Ecosystem features a mixed-reality kiosk which houses a personalized virtual pet for each user. Each time a child visits the kiosk, the pet (a mid-sized dog) automatically detects its owner based on the data from a child's Fitbit, assists the child in setting daily PA goals and provides tailored feedback on the child's PA progress. The pet alerts parents in real-time by sending text messages and relaying the parents' response to the child, so that parents and children can remain connected about the child's PA progress even when they are physically apart. We aim to implement the kiosk in 12 after-school sites, plus use 12 additional sites as controls, where children can still set and view progress toward their PA goals without access to a virtual pet. CONCLUSION The VFB Ecosystem represents a new generation of technology-mediated health interventions for children to promote sustainable PA lifestyle changes. Because the VFB Ecosystem is a cost- and labor-effective solution that integrates consumer-grade technology with low barriers for continued use, it has the potential for rapid diffusion and widespread public health impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Hahn
- Department of Communication, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, United States.
| | | | - Stephen L Rathbun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, United States
| | - Kyle Johnsen
- College of Engineering, University of Georgia, United States
| | - James J Annesi
- YMCA of Metro Atlanta, United States; School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States
| | - Sun Joo Grace Ahn
- Grady College of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Georgia, United States
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21
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Stieger M, Robinson SA, Bisson AN, Lachman ME. The Relationship of Personality and Behavior Change in a Physical Activity Intervention: The Role of Conscientiousness and Healthy Neuroticism. Pers Individ Dif 2020; 166:110224. [PMID: 32831447 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the role of personality traits in a 5-week physical activity intervention study for working adults. We tested whether personality traits predicted individual differences in change in daily steps over time. Fifty-two participants ages 35 to 69 (M age = 49.71, SD = 8.64) wore a Fitbit Zip step counter for 35 days and completed a personality questionnaire. Participants were randomly assigned to either an implementation intention group or a control group. Both groups wore a Fitbit and had the goal to increase their daily steps. For the present study, the sample was collapsed across groups. Higher conscientiousness was associated with greater increases in daily steps. Also, individuals with healthy neuroticism, the combination of higher neuroticism and higher conscientiousness, showed greater increases in daily steps. The findings highlight that the efficacy of physical activity interventions may depend on personality traits. Intervention outcomes may be improved if personality is taken into account when designing the programs.
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Ho M, Ho JWC, Fong DYT, Lee CF, Macfarlane DJ, Cerin E, Lee AM, Leung S, Chan WYY, Leung IPF, Lam SHS, Chu N, Taylor AJ, Cheng KK. Effects of dietary and physical activity interventions on generic and cancer-specific health-related quality of life, anxiety, and depression in colorectal cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. J Cancer Surviv 2020; 14:424-33. [PMID: 32072434 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-020-00864-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the effects of dietary and physical activity (PA) interventions on generic and cancer-specific quality of life (QoL), anxiety, and depression levels among adult Chinese colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. METHODS Two-hundred twenty-three adult CRC survivors within 1 year of completion of primary cancer treatment were randomized to receive dietary, PA or combined intervention, or usual care for a 12 monthduration, under a 2 (diet vs usual care) × 2 (PA vs usual care) factorial design. Generic and cancer-specific QoL was assessed using a Chinese version 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal (FACT-C) scale, respectively. Anxiety and depression was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Linear mixed models were used for examining the intervention effects. RESULTS Participants receiving dietary intervention experienced a significant improvement in the generic measure of QoL (SF-6D utility scores, mean difference 0.042, 95%CI 0.03 to 0.081) at 12 months, the cancer-specific QoL scores (mean difference 3.09, 95%CI 0.13 to 6.04), and levels of depression (P = 0.015) at both 12 and 24 months follow-up. Participants receiving PA intervention only demonstrated a significant improvement in SF-6D utility index (mean difference 0.039, 95%CI 0.002 to 0.077) and physical functioning (mean difference 2.85, 95%CI 1.00 to 4.70) at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS Dietary intervention improved the generic and cancer-specific QoL and depression in CRC survivors. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was prospectively registered on 17 October 2012 at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01708824). IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS CRC survivors can benefit from dietary interventions in alleviating depression and improving overall health-related QoL.
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Souza LV, De Meneck F, Fernandes T, Oliveira EM, Franco MDC. Physical activity intervention improved the number and functionality of endothelial progenitor cells in low birth weight children. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:60-70. [PMID: 31753788 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an intervention with physical activity (PA) would promote positive effects on the angiogenic factors, mobilization, and functionality of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in children with low birth weight (LBW). METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-five children participated in a 10-week PA program (intensity: 75-85% of heart rate reserve, frequency: four times/week, and duration: 45 min). Before and after the PA program, we evaluated anthropometric parameters, blood pressure levels, biochemical profile, number of EPCs, number of EPC colony forming units, and plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), nitric oxide (NO), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9. We found a significant main effect of the PA program on waist circumference (ηp2 = 0.489), cardiorespiratory fitness (ηp2 = 0.463), and MMP-9 (ηp2 = 0.582). Birth weight or the PA program produced significant independent effects on systolic blood pressure (birth weight: ηp2 = 0.431; PA program: ηp2 = 0.615) and EPC colony forming units (birth weight: ηp2 = 0.541; PA program: ηp2 = 0.698) with no significant interactions. The combination of birth weight and the PA program produced a significant interaction effect on the number of circulating EPCs (ηp2 = 0.123), NO (ηp2 = 0.258), and VEGF-A (ηp2 = 0.175). The variation in the number of EPCs from baseline to 10 weeks of the PA program correlated positively with the change in NO (P = 0.002) and VEGF-A (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS A 10-week PA program attenuates the adverse effect of LBW on the number and functionality of EPCs; this effect occurs through an improvement in circulating levels of NO and VEGF-A. CLINICAL TRIALS: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifier: NCT02982967. Date: December/2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia V Souza
- Division of Nephrology, Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Franciele De Meneck
- Division of Nephrology, Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Fernandes
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edilamar M Oliveira
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria do C Franco
- Division of Nephrology, Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Quirk H, Haake S. How can we get more people with long-term health conditions involved in parkrun? A qualitative study evaluating parkrun's PROVE project. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2019; 11:22. [PMID: 31636909 PMCID: PMC6798471 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-019-0136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background People with long-term health conditions face barriers to physical activity and community health interventions despite potential life-changing benefits for self-management of their condition and wellbeing. A weekly mass participation running, walking and volunteering event called parkrun launched a project called PROVE in 2016 to engage people living with long-term health conditions in England. Over the 3 year project, parkrun appointed volunteer Outreach Ambassadors with a specialist interest in the health condition they represented whose role was to ensure parkrun was welcoming, supportive and inclusive. This qualitative study aimed to understand the experience of the PROVE project for people with long-term health conditions. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 PROVE Outreach Ambassadors representing 13 different long-term health conditions in England. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Rigour and transparency were sought in addition to utilising independent researchers to offer alternative interpretations of the data. Results Data analysis resulted in 4 overarching themes and 13 subthemes. Outreach Ambassadors believed that parkrun was already supportive of people with long-term health conditions, but that the PROVE project enabled the support to be delivered in a more structured way across health conditions and locations. Outreach Ambassadors believed that the PROVE project had the potential to create a welcoming, safe space for people with long-term health conditions to participate as walkers, runners or volunteers. Success of the PROVE project was believed to be dependent on being realistic about the potential to bring about change, challenging people's perceptions of parkrun and engaging with key stakeholders and advocacy groups. Challenges for parkrun were believed to be around communication, demonstrating impact and the project's dependence on volunteers for delivery. Conclusions This is the first study of its kind to explore the public health potential of parkrun for people with long-term health conditions. parkrun's PROVE project was regarded to be important for ensuring that people with long-term health conditions can engage in physical activity and volunteering in a safe and supportive environment. The findings have important implications for parkrun, policy makers and physical activity providers looking to deliver inclusive community physical activity opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Quirk
- 1Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S10 2BP UK
| | - Steve Haake
- 2Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre (AWRC), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
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Eckert KG, Abbasi-Neureither I, Köppel M, Huber G. Structured physical activity interventions as a complementary therapy for patients with inflammatory bowel disease - a scoping review and practical implications. BMC Gastroenterol 2019; 19:115. [PMID: 31266461 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-019-1034-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) also suffer from a wide range of additional disorders, which may be caused by the disease, the side effect of the medication, or a lack of physical activity (PA). This results in reduced physical and psychological wellbeing. However, as known from other chronic diseases exercise could be utilized as supportive therapy for IBD patients. Main goals of this article are (a) collecting data of the effects structured physical activity interventions have on validated clinical parameters of IBD and health related symptoms, (b) developing activity recommendations for this clientele. Methods A scoping review was conducted, searching for relevant articles published until May 2018, which investigated the effects of structured exercise interventions in IBD patients. The heterogeneity of the outcomes and the interventions did not support a quantitative synthesis thus, a qualitative discussion of the studies is provided. Results After reviewing 353 records, 13 eligible articles were identified. Five studies investigated aerobic exercise, three studies resistance exercise, three studies mind-body therapies and two studies yoga. The quality of the studies is mixed, and the duration is rather short for exercise interventions. Only few studies assessed validated IBD activity markers or inflammatory biomarkers. Nevertheless, the patients showed an increase in fitness, bone mineral density (BMD), quality of life and a decrease of IBD induced stress and anxiety. No severe adversial events were reported. Conclusion Even though the evidence is limited the application of exercise interventions in IBD patients can be assumed to be safe and beneficial for the patients‘ overall-health, and IBD specific physical and psychosocial symptoms. But there is still a high demand for more thoroughly conducted studies, focussing on important clinical outcome parameters.
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Ginoux C, Isoard-Gautheur S, Sarrazin P. "Workplace Physical Activity Program" (WOPAP) study protocol: a four-arm randomized controlled trial on preventing burnout and promoting vigor. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:289. [PMID: 30866886 PMCID: PMC6416923 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background WOPAP is a theoretically-grounded workplace physical activity intervention that aims to reduce work-related burnout and to improve vigor at work and other work-related outcomes. Using a randomized controlled trial, we investigate whether a 10-week program including two Nordic walking sessions per week is effective in improving employee well-being at work, in comparison with another attractive leisure activity (Theatre condition) or a waiting list control condition. The design of the study makes it possible to test the effect on burnout and vigor of the instructor’s style during physical activity (i.e., traditional vs. need-supportive style). Finally, this study is also interested in several possible psychological (i.e., detachment, relaxation, mastery, control, relatedness, and positive affects experiences) and physiological (i.e., cardiorespiratory fitness) mechanisms through which the practice of physical activity in the intervention could influence burnout and vigor. Methods Employees of the authors’ University (N = 140) will be recruited via email, leaflets, and posters. Participants will be randomized to one of the four arms of the trial: (1) Physical Activity Traditional Style, (2) Physical Activity Need-Supportive Style, (3) Theatre condition, and (4) Waiting List Control. The experimental phase will last 10 weeks, followed by a six-month follow-up. During the ten weeks of the intervention, all groups – except the waiting list control – will carry out two activity sessions per week. Primary outcomes are burnout and vigor, secondary outcomes are work motivation, job satisfaction, work performance and work ability. These variables will be assessed before and after the intervention, and at three and six months after the end of the intervention. Moreover, burnout, vigor, needs satisfaction at work and psychological mediators will be assessed weekly throughout the intervention period. Discussion If effective, this study will provide evidence for the promotion of workplace physical activity interventions including a need-supportive climate to improve employee well-being. Results could be used to design new research protocols, but also to implement more efficient programs in the workplace. Trial registration ISRCTN12725337. Registered 21 March 2018. Registered retrospectively.
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Abu-Omar K, Rütten A, Burlacu I, Schätzlein V, Messing S, Suhrcke M. The cost-effectiveness of physical activity interventions: A systematic review of reviews. Prev Med Rep 2017; 8:72-78. [PMID: 28856084 PMCID: PMC5573782 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite growing recognition of the need to promote physical activity, the existing evidence base on the cost-effectiveness of relevant interventions appears scant and scattered. This systematic review of reviews set out to take stock of the evidence on the cost-effectiveness of physical activity interventions. Methods Ten literature databases were systematically searched for available reviews on the cost-effectiveness of physical activity interventions, complemented by a hand search. Out of the 515 articles identified, 18 reviews met the inclusion criteria. A quality appraisal of the 18 reviews was undertaken. Results Of the 18 reviews, 4 contained information on the target group of children and adolescents, 12 on adults, 3 on older adults, and 6 on the general population. Across the reviews some intervention strategies were identified as being particularly cost-effective, including certain school-based interventions (children and adolescents), interventions using pedometers (adults), fall prevention programs (older people), mass media campaigns and environmental approaches (general population). However, for some of these approaches (e.g. mass media campaigns), the underlying evidence of being able to change physical activity behavior remains inconsistent. Conclusion Available evidence for the cost-effectiveness of physical activity interventions is scattered, but points towards the cost-effectiveness of certain interventions. Until this moment, cost-effectiveness has more often been studied for individual-level interventions. This is potentially due to some methodological challenges in assessing the cost-effectiveness of population-based interventions. The review of review indicates cost-effectiveness of physical activity interventions Brief interventions in the health care setting, are cost-effective Pedometer based interventions are cost-effective Environmental approaches are cost-effective There remain some methodological challenges in evaluating cost-effectiveness
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Giatras N, Wanninkhof E, Leontowitsch M, Lewis B, Taylor A, Cooper S, Ussher M. Lessons learned from the London Exercise and Pregnant (LEAP) Smokers randomised controlled trial process evaluation: implications for the design of physical activity for smoking cessation interventions during pregnancy. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:85. [PMID: 28095827 PMCID: PMC5240296 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The challenges of delivering interventions for pregnant smokers have been poorly documented. Also, the process of promoting a physical activity intervention for pregnant smokers has not been previously recorded. This study describes the experiences of researchers conducting a randomised controlled trial of physical activity as an aid to smoking cessation during pregnancy and explores how the effectiveness of future interventions could be improved. Methods Two focus groups, with independent facilitators, were conducted with six researchers who had enrolled pregnant smokers in the LEAP trial, provided the interventions, and administered the research measures. Topics included recruitment, retention and how the physical activity intervention for pregnant smokers was delivered and how it was adapted when necessary to suit the women. The focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and subjected to thematic analysis. Results Five themes emerged related to barriers or enablers to intervention delivery: (1) nature of the intervention; (2) personal characteristics of trial participants; (3) practical issues; (4) researchers’ engagement with participants; (5) training and support needs. Researchers perceived that participants may have been deterred by the intensive and generic nature of the intervention and the need to simultaneously quit smoking and increase physical activity. Women also appeared hampered by pregnancy ailments, social deprivation, and poor mental health. Researchers observed that their status as health professionals was valued by participants but it was challenging to maintain contact with participants. Training and support needs were identified for dealing with pregnant teenagers, participants’ friends and family, and post-natal return to smoking. Conclusions Future exercise interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy may benefit by increased tailoring of the intervention to the characteristics of the women, including their psychological profile, socio-economic background, pregnancy ailments and exercise preferences. Delivering an effective physical activity intervention for smoking cessation in pregnancy may require more comprehensive training for those delivering the intervention, particularly with regard to dealing with teenage smokers and smokers’ friends and family, as well as for avoiding post-natal return to smoking. Trial registration ISRCTN48600346, date of registration: 21/07/2008. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4013-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Giatras
- City University London, Cass Business School, 106 Bunhill Row, London, EC1Y 8TZ, UK
| | - Elisabeth Wanninkhof
- St George's University of London, Population Health Research Institute, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Miranda Leontowitsch
- Interdisciplinary Ageing Research, Department of Education, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, 60323, Germany
| | - Beth Lewis
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Adrian Taylor
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - Sue Cooper
- Division of Primary Care, The University of Nottingham, School of Medicine, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Michael Ussher
- St George's University of London, Population Health Research Institute, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK.
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Armbruster SD, Song J, Bradford A, Carmack CL, Lu KH, Basen-Engquist KM. Sexual health of endometrial cancer survivors before and after a physical activity intervention: A retrospective cohort analysis. Gynecol Oncol 2016; 143:589-595. [PMID: 27678296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sexual dysfunction is common in endometrial cancer survivors (ECS). Our group previously tested a six-month exercise intervention in ECS. We performed a secondary analysis to determine intervention's impact on sexual health. METHODS We studied 100 post-treatment Stage I-IIIa sedentary ECS who participated in a non-controlled, single-arm, home-based exercise intervention utilizing telephone counseling, printed material, and pedometers. Quality-of-life and physical activity measures were collected at baseline and six months. Sexual function (SF) and sexual interest (SI) scores were extracted from the QLACS questionnaire. RESULTS Baseline SF and SI were lower in survivors with less than a four-year college degree (P<0.001). Baseline SI was higher in survivors who were married or living with a significant other (P=0.012). No significant differences in SF or SI were observed based on obesity status, race, time since diagnosis, or treatment type. Post-intervention, mean SF score improved (P=0.002), 51% of participants had improved SI, and 43% had improved SF. When controlled for age and time since diagnosis, a one-hour increase in weekly physical activity was associated with a 6.5% increased likelihood of improved SI (P=0.04). Increased physical activity was not associated with improved SF. CONCLUSIONS Although causation cannot be determined in this study, the correlation between receipt of an exercise intervention and improved sexual health for ECS is a novel finding. This finding suggests a role for physical activity as a strategy to improve the sexual health of ECS, which our group is examining in a larger prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon D Armbruster
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Jaejoon Song
- Departments of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrea Bradford
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cindy L Carmack
- Departments of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Karen H Lu
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Karen M Basen-Engquist
- Departments of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Evans A, Ranjit N, Hoelscher D, Jovanovic C, Lopez M, McIntosh A, Ory M, Whittlesey L, McKyer L, Kirk A, Smith C, Walton C, Heredia NI, Warren J. Impact of school-based vegetable garden and physical activity coordinated health interventions on weight status and weight-related behaviors of ethnically diverse, low-income students: Study design and baseline data of the Texas, Grow! Eat! Go! (TGEG) cluster-randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:973. [PMID: 27624139 PMCID: PMC5022204 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coordinated, multi-component school-based interventions can improve health behaviors in children, as well as parents, and impact the weight status of students. By leveraging a unique collaboration between Texas AgriLife Extension (a federal, state and county funded educational outreach organization) and the University of Texas School of Public Health, the Texas Grow! Eat! Go! Study (TGEG) modeled the effectiveness of utilizing existing programs and volunteer infrastructure to disseminate an enhanced Coordinated School Health program. The five-year TGEG study was developed to assess the independent and combined impact of gardening, nutrition and physical activity intervention(s) on the prevalence of healthy eating, physical activity and weight status among low-income elementary students. The purpose of this paper is to report on study design, baseline characteristics, intervention approaches, data collection and baseline data. Methods The study design for the TGEG study consisted of a factorial group randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which 28 schools were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatment groups: (1) Coordinated Approach to Child Health (CATCH) only (Comparison), (2) CATCH plus school garden intervention [Learn, Grow, Eat & Go! (LGEG)], (3) CATCH plus physical activity intervention [Walk Across Texas (WAT)], and (4) CATCH plus LGEG plus WAT (Combined). The outcome variables include student’s weight status, vegetable and sugar sweetened beverage consumption, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. Parents were assessed for home environmental variables including availability of certain foods, social support of student health behaviors, parent engagement and behavior modeling. Results Descriptive data are presented for students (n = 1369) and parents (n = 1206) at baseline. The sample consisted primarily of Hispanic and African American (53 % and 18 %, respectively) and low-income (i.e., 78 % eligible for Free and Reduced Price School Meals program and 43 % food insecure) students. On average, students did not meet national guidelines for vegetable consumption or physical activity. At baseline, no statistical differences for demographic or key outcome variables among the 4 treatment groups were observed. Conclusions The TGEG study targets a population of students and parents at high risk of obesity and related chronic conditions, utilizing a novel and collaborative approach to program formulation and delivery, and a rigorous, randomized study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Evans
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences - University of Texas Health (UTHealth) Science Center, Austin Regional Campus, Austin, USA.
| | - N Ranjit
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences - University of Texas Health (UTHealth) Science Center, Austin Regional Campus, Austin, USA
| | - D Hoelscher
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences - University of Texas Health (UTHealth) Science Center, Austin Regional Campus, Austin, USA
| | - C Jovanovic
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences - University of Texas Health (UTHealth) Science Center, Austin Regional Campus, Austin, USA
| | - M Lopez
- Family Development & Resource Management, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, USA
| | - A McIntosh
- Recreation, Park and Tourism Sciences & Sociology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
| | - M Ory
- Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health, College Station, USA
| | - L Whittlesey
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, USA
| | - L McKyer
- College of Education and Human Development, Transdisciplinary Center for Health Equity Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
| | - A Kirk
- Family Development & Resource Management, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, USA
| | - C Smith
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences - University of Texas Health (UTHealth) Science Center, Austin Regional Campus, Austin, USA
| | - C Walton
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, USA
| | - N I Heredia
- Division of Behavioral Science and Health Promotion, University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston, USA.,Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston, USA
| | - J Warren
- Family Development & Resource Management, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, USA
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Chow BC, Huang WYJ, Choi PHN, Pan CY. Design and methods of a multi-component physical activity program for adults with intellectual disabilities living in group homes. J Exerc Sci Fit 2016. [PMID: 29541116 PMCID: PMC5801709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) often live a sedentary lifestyle and have higher rates of overweight and obesity. The purpose of this report is to describe the design and methods of a multi-component physical activity (PA) intervention program that aims to increase PA levels in adults with ID who live in group homes. The study employed a multi-component delayed treatment control group design involving adults with ID who lived in two group homes. Interventions included 30 exercise sessions in groups over a 10-week period and three educational lessons based on social cognitive theory that aimed to improve self-efficacy and social support for PA in the participants. In addition, staff training in exercise and advice on institutional PA policies were provided to the caregivers working in the group homes. Outcome measures on three aspects were collected: (1) physical fitness, (2) PA as assessed by an ActiGraph accelerometer, and (3) self-efficacy and social support for PA. Our major objective was to develop the intervention protocol, and the successful completion of this study will provide valuable evidence on how to promote active lifestyles in adults with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bik C Chow
- Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Wendy Y J Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Peggy H N Choi
- Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Chien-Yu Pan
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Taiwan
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Sebire SJ, Edwards MJ, Kesten JM, May T, Banfield KJ, Bird EL, Tomkinson K, Blair P, Powell JE, Jago R. Process evaluation of the Bristol girls dance project. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:349. [PMID: 27097646 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Bristol Girls Dance Project was a cluster randomised controlled trial that aimed to increase objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels of Year 7 (age 11–12) girls through a dance-based after-school intervention. The intervention was delivered in nine schools and consisted of up to forty after-school dance sessions. This paper reports on the main findings from the detailed process evaluation that was conducted. Methods Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from intervention schools. Dose and fidelity were reported by dance instructors at every session. Intervention dose was defined as attending two thirds of sessions and was measured by attendance registers. Fidelity to the intervention manual was reported by dance instructors. On four randomly-selected occasions, participants reported their perceived level of exertion and enjoyment. Reasons for non-attendance were self-reported at the end of the intervention. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with all dance instructors who delivered the intervention (n = 10) and school contacts (n = 9) in intervention schools. A focus group was conducted with girls who participated in each intervention school (n = 9). Results The study did not affect girls’ MVPA. An average of 31.7 girls participated in each school, with 9.1 per school receiving the intervention dose. Mean attendance and instructors’ fidelity to the intervention manual decreased over time. The decline in attendance was largely attributed to extraneous factors common to after-school activities. Qualitative data suggest that the training and intervention manual were helpful to most instructors. Participant ratings of session enjoyment were high but perceived exertion was low, however, girls found parts of the intervention challenging. Conclusions The intervention was enjoyed by participants. Attendance at the intervention sessions was low but typical of after-school activities. Participants reported that the intervention brought about numerous health and social benefits and improved their dance-based knowledge and skills. The intervention could be improved by reducing the number of girls allowed to participate in each school and providing longer and more in-depth training to those delivering the intervention. Trial registration ISRCTN52882523 Registered 25th April 2013.
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Barber SE, Jackson C, Hewitt C, Ainsworth HR, Buckley H, Akhtar S, Bingham DD, Routen AC, Summerbell C, Richardson G, Moore HJ, Pickett KE, O'Malley C, Brierley S, Wright J. Assessing the feasibility of evaluating and delivering a physical activity intervention for pre-school children: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2016; 2:12. [PMID: 27965832 PMCID: PMC5154100 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-016-0052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few evidence-based physical activity interventions for pre-school children are available. This two-armed pilot cluster randomised controlled trial aimed to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a full-scale trial and of delivering an outdoor physical activity intervention for pre-school children. Methods School was the unit of randomisation, and follow-up occurred at 10 and 52 weeks. Trial feasibility was assessed by recruitment, retention and completion rates of primary (daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) and secondary (anthropometric, quality of life, self-efficacy) outcomes. Potential effectiveness was assessed for the primary outcome using a linear regression model comparing MVPA between trial arms adjusting for clustering by school. Feasibility of delivering the intervention was assessed by intervention fidelity and attendance. Semi-structured interviews with parents, intervention facilitators, and head teachers explored acceptability and capability to deliver the intervention as well as acceptability of the study design. Results Recruitment rates were 37 % of schools (n = 10 schools) and 48 % of pre-school children (n = 164 children). Retention of children to the trial at 52 weeks was 83.5 %. Thirty-nine percent of children had valid primary outcome accelerometer data at baseline and 52 weeks. Response rates for secondary outcome measures ranged from 52 to 88 % at 10 weeks and 59 to 80 % at 52 weeks. The mean difference in daily MVPA between trial arms at 52 weeks was 0.4, 95 % CI 16.3 to 17.0; p = 0.96. Fidelity of intervention implementation was 81 %. Intervention attendance was higher (82 %) during the summer initiation phase compared to autumn/spring initiation (50 %). Parents, facilitators and head teachers found the intervention acceptable and beneficial. Conclusions Recruitment and retention rates suggest a trial in this outdoor setting with this population was feasible but is weather sensitive. However, strategies to increase accelerometer wear-time would need to be implemented for reliable primary outcome data to be obtained. There was high implementation fidelity by facilitators, and the intervention was seen as acceptable and deliverable. However, attendance was low and preliminary data showed no evidence of intervention effectiveness. A revised intervention, building on the successful elements of this pilot alongside adapting implementation strategies to improve attendance, should therefore be considered. Trial registration Trial registry name and number: Current Controlled Trials, ISRCTN54165860. Date of registration: 4 September 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E Barber
- Born in Bradford Cohort Study, BiB Project Office, Temple Bank House, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford Institute for Health Research, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ UK
| | - Cath Jackson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | | | - Hannah Buckley
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Shaheen Akhtar
- Born in Bradford Cohort Study, BiB Project Office, Temple Bank House, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford Institute for Health Research, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ UK
| | - Daniel D Bingham
- Born in Bradford Cohort Study, BiB Project Office, Temple Bank House, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford Institute for Health Research, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ UK.,National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Ash C Routen
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Carolyn Summerbell
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queens Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, Durham UK
| | | | - Helen J Moore
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queens Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, Durham UK
| | - Kate E Pickett
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Claire O'Malley
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queens Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, Durham UK
| | - Shirley Brierley
- Public Health, City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council, Bradford, UK
| | - John Wright
- Born in Bradford Cohort Study, BiB Project Office, Temple Bank House, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford Institute for Health Research, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ UK
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Marcus BH, Hartman SJ, Pekmezi D, Dunsiger SI, Linke SE, Marquez B, Gans KM, Bock BC, Larsen BA, Rojas C. Using interactive Internet technology to promote physical activity in Latinas: Rationale, design, and baseline findings of Pasos Hacia La Salud. Contemp Clin Trials 2015; 44:149-158. [PMID: 26255237 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Internet-based interventions show promise as an effective channel for promoting physical activity. However, a paucity of research has been conducted among underserved groups despite recent increases in Internet access and physical activity-related health disparities in these communities. Thus, the current randomized controlled trial will test the efficacy of an individually tailored, Internet-based physical activity intervention for Latinas. This program was culturally and linguistically adapted for the target population through extensive formative research. Two hundred eighteen sedentary Latinas were randomly assigned to the Tailored Physical Activity Internet Intervention or the Wellness Contact Control Internet Group. The Physical Activity Internet Intervention, based on Social Cognitive Theory and the Transtheoretical Model, utilizes a website with features including self-monitoring, goal setting, discussion forum, links to online resources, individually tailored and motivation-matched physical activity feedback reports, and exercise tip sheets. Participants receive regular emails over the first 6months with a tapered dose during the second 6months (maintenance phase) to alert them to new content on the website. The main outcome is differences in minutes/week of moderate to vigorous physical activity at six months as measured by the 7-Day Physical Activity Recall and accelerometer data. High reach, low cost, culturally relevant Internet-based interventions that encourage physical activity among Latinas could help reduce health disparities and thus have a substantial positive impact on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bess H Marcus
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
| | - Sheri J Hartman
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
| | - Dori Pekmezi
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health at University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, United States.
| | - Shira I Dunsiger
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; The Miriam Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
| | - Sarah E Linke
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
| | - Becky Marquez
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
| | - Kim M Gans
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Center for Health Interventions and Prevention, University of Connecticut, United States; Institute for Community Health Promotion, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
| | - Beth C Bock
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; The Miriam Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
| | - Britta A Larsen
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
| | - Carlos Rojas
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
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