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Deng X, Yang X, Bu M, Tang A, Zhang H, Long L, Zeng Z, Wang Y, Chen P, Jiang M, Chen BT. Nomogram for prediction of hearing rehabilitation outcome in children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss after cochlear implantation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29529. [PMID: 38699755 PMCID: PMC11063407 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Reliable predictors for rehabilitation outcomes in patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss (CSNHL) after cochlear implantation (CI) are lacking. The purchase of this study was to develop a nomogram based on clinical characteristics and neuroimaging features to predict the outcome in children with CSNHL after CI. Methods Children with CSNHL prior to CI surgery and children with normal hearing were enrolled into the study. Clinical data, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) for ototemporal bone, conventional brain MRI for structural analysis and brain resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) for the power spectrum assessment were assessed. A nomogram combining both clinical and imaging data was constructed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Model performance was evaluated and validated using bootstrap resampling. Results The final cohort consisted of 72 children with CSNHL (41 children with poor outcome and 31 children with good outcome) and 32 healthy controls. The white matter lesion from structural assessment and six power spectrum parameters from rs-fMRI, including Power4, Power13, Power14, Power19, Power23 and Power25 were used to build the nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the nomogram obtained using the bootstrapping method was 0.812 (95 % CI = 0.772-0.836). The calibration curve showed no statistical difference between the predicted value and the actual value, indicating a robust performance of the nomogram. The clinical decision analysis curve showed a high clinical value of this model. Conclusions The nomogram constructed with clinical data, and neuroimaging features encompassing ototemporal bone measurements, white matter lesion values from structural brain MRI and power spectrum data from rs-fMRI showed a robust performance in predicting outcome of hearing rehabilitation in children with CSNHL after CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Deng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Xueqing Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Meiru Bu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Anzhou Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Huiting Zhang
- MR Research Collaboration, Siemens Healthineers Ltd., 430000, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Liling Long
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Zisan Zeng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, No. 5, Jing'an Road, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Muliang Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Bihong T. Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
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Jeong I, Kaneko N, Takahashi R, Nakazawa K. High-skilled first-person shooting game players have specific frontal lobe activity: Power spectrum analysis in an electroencephalogram study. Neurosci Lett 2024; 825:137685. [PMID: 38367797 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
First-person shooting (FPS) games are among the most famous video games worldwide. However, cortical activities in environments related to real FPS games have not been studied. This study aimed to determine differences in cortical activity between low- and high-skilled FPS game players using 160-channel electroencephalography. Nine high-skilled FPS game players (official ranks: above the top 10%) and eight low-skilled FPS game players (official ranks: lower than the top 20%) were recruited for the experiment. The task was set for five different conditions using the AimLab program, which was used for the FPS game players' training. Additionally, we recorded the brain activity in the resting condition before and after the task, in which the participants closed their eyes and relaxed. The reaction time and accuracy (the number of hit-and-miss targets) were calculated to evaluate the task performance. The results showed that high-skilled FPS game players have fast reaction times and high accuracy during tasks. High-skilled FPS game players had higher cortical activity in the frontal cortex than low-skilled FPS game players during each task. In low-skilled players, cortical activity level and performance level were associated. These results suggest that high cortical activity levels were critical to achieving high performance in FPS games.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inhyeok Jeong
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Naotsugu Kaneko
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Ryogo Takahashi
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Kimitaka Nakazawa
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
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Qin Y, Sun C, Sun H, Li M, Leng B, Yao R, Li Z, Zhang J. Electroencephalographic slowdowns during sleep are associated with cognitive impairment in patients who have obstructive sleep apnea but no dementia. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:2315-2324. [PMID: 37155126 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-023-02843-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To research the relationship between quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) and impaired cognitive function patients who have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) but no dementia. METHODS Subjects who complained of snoring between March 2020 and April 2021 in the Sleep Medicine Center of Weihai Municipal Hospital were included. All subjects underwent overnight in-laboratory polysomnography (PSG) and were assessed using a neuropsychological scale. Standard fast fourier transform (FFT) was used to obtain the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectral density curve, and to calculate the delta, theta, alpha, and beta relative power and the ratio between slow and fast frequencies. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients who had OSA but no dementia. Correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between qEEG and cognitive impairment. RESULTS A total of 175 participants without dementia who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. There were 137 patients with OSA, including 76 with mild cognitive impairment (OSA + MCI), 61 without mild cognitive impairment (OSA-MCI), and 38 participants without OSA (non-OSA). The relative theta power in the frontal lobe in stage 2 of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM 2) in OSA + MCI was higher than that in OSA-MCI (P = 0.038) and non-OSA (P = 0.018). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the relative theta power in the frontal lobe in NREM 2 was negatively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Beijing version scores, and MoCA subdomains scores (visual executive function, naming, attention, language, abstraction, delayed recall and orientation) outside language. CONCLUSIONS In patients who had OSA but no dementia, the EEG slower frequency power increased. The relative theta power in the frontal lobe in NREM 2 was associated with MCI of patients with OSA. These results suggest that the slowing of theta activity may be one of the neurophysiological changes in the early stage of cognitive impairment in patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Qin
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Hairong Sun
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Mengfan Li
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
- Liaocheng People's Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Leng
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Yao
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenguang Li
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China.
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Das A, Mahmood FT, Smriti RB, Saha S, Hasan MN. CFD analysis of heat transfer enhancement by wall mounted flexible flow modulators in a channel with pulsatile flow. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16741. [PMID: 37292291 PMCID: PMC10245051 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to explore heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics in a pulsating channel flow due to wall-mounted flexible flow modulators (FFM). Cold air in pulsating fashion is forced to enter through the channel having isothermally heated top and bottom walls with one/multiple FFMs mounted on them. The dynamic conditions of pulsating inflow are characterized by Reynolds number, non-dimensional pulsation frequency and amplitude. Applying the Galerkin finite element method in an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) framework, the present unsteady problem has been solved. Flexibility (10-4 ≤ Ca ≤ 10-7), orientation angle (60° ≤ θ ≤ 120°), and location of FFM(s) have been considered in this study to find out the best-case scenario for heat transfer enhancement. The system characteristics have been analyzed by vorticity contours and isotherms. Heat transfer performance has been evaluated in terms of Nusselt number variations and pressure drop across the channel. Besides, power spectrum analysis of thermal field oscillation along with that of the FFM's motion induced by pulsating inflow has been performed. The present study reveals that single FFM having flexibility of Ca = 10-5 and an orientation angle of θ = 90° offers the best-case scenario for heat transfer enhancement.
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Flesia AG, Nieto PS, Aon MA, Kembro JM. Computational Approaches and Tools as Applied to the Study of Rhythms and Chaos in Biology. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2399:277-341. [PMID: 35604562 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1831-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The temporal dynamics in biological systems displays a wide range of behaviors, from periodic oscillations, as in rhythms, bursts, long-range (fractal) correlations, chaotic dynamics up to brown and white noise. Herein, we propose a comprehensive analytical strategy for identifying, representing, and analyzing biological time series, focusing on two strongly linked dynamics: periodic (oscillatory) rhythms and chaos. Understanding the underlying temporal dynamics of a system is of fundamental importance; however, it presents methodological challenges due to intrinsic characteristics, among them the presence of noise or trends, and distinct dynamics at different time scales given by molecular, dcellular, organ, and organism levels of organization. For example, in locomotion circadian and ultradian rhythms coexist with fractal dynamics at faster time scales. We propose and describe the use of a combined approach employing different analytical methodologies to synergize their strengths and mitigate their weaknesses. Specifically, we describe advantages and caveats to consider for applying probability distribution, autocorrelation analysis, phase space reconstruction, Lyapunov exponent estimation as well as different analyses such as harmonic, namely, power spectrum; continuous wavelet transforms; synchrosqueezing transform; and wavelet coherence. Computational harmonic analysis is proposed as an analytical framework for using different types of wavelet analyses. We show that when the correct wavelet analysis is applied, the complexity in the statistical properties, including temporal scales, present in time series of signals, can be unveiled and modeled. Our chapter showcase two specific examples where an in-depth analysis of rhythms and chaos is performed: (1) locomotor and food intake rhythms over a 42-day period of mice subjected to different feeding regimes; and (2) chaotic calcium dynamics in a computational model of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Georgina Flesia
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios de Matemática (CIEM, CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Paula Sofia Nieto
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola (IFEG, CONICET-UNC), Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Miguel A Aon
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, and Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jackelyn Melissa Kembro
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (ICTA) and Catedra de Química Biológica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT, CONICET-UNC), Vélez Sarsfield 1611, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Estévez-Báez M, Machado C, Montes-Brown J, Jas-García J, Leisman G, Schiavi A, Machado-García A, Carricarte-Naranjo C, Carmeli E. Very High Frequency Oscillations of Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Humans and in Patients with Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy. Adv Exp Med Biol 2018; 1070:49-70. [PMID: 29429029 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Literature reports on the very high frequency (VHF) range of 0.4-0.9 Hz in heart rate variability (HRV) are scanty. The VHF presence in cardiac transplant patients and other conditions associated with reduced vagal influence on the heart encouraged us to explore this spectral band in healthy subjects and in patients diagnosed with cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN), and to assess the potential clinical value of some VHF indices. The study included 80 healthy controls and 48 patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) with CAN. The electrocardiographic recordings of short 5-min duration were submitted to three different spectral analysis methods, including the most generally accepted procedure, and the two novel methods using the Hilbert-Huang transform. We demonstrated the presence of VHF activity in both groups of subjects. However, VHF power spectral density, expressed in relative normalized units, was significantly greater in the SCA2 patients than that in healthy subjects, amounting to 36.1 ± 17.4% vs. 22.9 ± 14.1%, respectively, as also was the instantaneous VHF spectral frequency, 0.58 ± 0.05 vs. 0.64 ± 0.07 Hz, respectively. These findings were related to the severity of CAN. We conclude that VHF activity of HRV is integral to the cardiovascular autonomic control.
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Yamaguchi K, Ohki N, Kobayashi M, Satoya N, Inoue Y, Onizawa S, Maeda Y, Sekiguchi H, Suzuki M, Tsuji T, Aoshiba K, Nagai A. Estimation of parasympathetic nerve function during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea by instantaneous time-frequency analysis. Sleep Med 2014; 15:33-41. [PMID: 24342227 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The pathophysiologic aspects of parasympathetic nerve (PN) function during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) studied by classical power spectrum analysis on heart rate variability (HRV) are highly controversial. The controversy is attributed to methodologic concerns, such as poor time resolution involved in power spectrum analysis. We aimed to establish the appropriate method for the investigation of PN function in OSA patients with apneas and hypopneas using instantaneous time-frequency analysis with complex demodulation (CD) and sufficient time resolution. METHODS A total of 30 patients with PSG-confirmed mild to severe OSA were recruited for the analysis of frequency spectra contained in R-R intervals (RRI) of overnight electrocardiograph (ECG) tracings. High-frequency (HF) domains ranging between 0.15 and 0.40 Hz were selected for analysis. Among these domains, the HF domain with the maximum instantaneous amplitude was defined as the main HF peak and was used as the surrogate marker of PN discharge. Based on density spectrum array (DSA) map for main HF peak constructed with a time scale of 1s and a frequency resolution of 0.002 Hz (HF-DSA map), the shift in central frequency (CF) of main HF peak over time was continuously monitored. When the main HF peak with the same CF lasted for more than 20 s or 5 min on HF-DSA map, the PN function was considered to be stable or very stable. The measurements were then repeated after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. RESULTS The extent of PN-evoked modulation of RRI was enhanced in nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, though the stability was reduced in both NREM and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. These peculiar behaviors of PN function were reversed by CPAP treatment. CONCLUSION We found that instantaneous time-frequency analysis allowed estimation of transitional changes in PN function during sleep in OSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yamaguchi
- Comprehensive Medical Center of Sleep Disorders, Aoyama Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University (TWMU), 2-7-13 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0061, Japan.
| | - Noboru Ohki
- NoruPro Light Systems Incorporation, 2-11-25 Tokura, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo 185-0003, Japan
| | - Maiko Kobayashi
- Comprehensive Medical Center of Sleep Disorders, Aoyama Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University (TWMU), 2-7-13 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0061, Japan
| | - Natsumi Satoya
- Comprehensive Medical Center of Sleep Disorders, Aoyama Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University (TWMU), 2-7-13 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0061, Japan
| | - Yuji Inoue
- Comprehensive Medical Center of Sleep Disorders, Aoyama Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University (TWMU), 2-7-13 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0061, Japan
| | - Shigemitsu Onizawa
- Comprehensive Medical Center of Sleep Disorders, Aoyama Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University (TWMU), 2-7-13 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0061, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Maeda
- Department of Urology, Aoyama Hospital, TWMU, 2-7-13 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0061, Japan
| | - Haruki Sekiguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Aoyama Hospital, TWMU, 2-7-13 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0061, Japan
| | - Mayumi Suzuki
- Comprehensive Medical Center of Sleep Disorders, Aoyama Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University (TWMU), 2-7-13 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0061, Japan
| | - Takao Tsuji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuou, Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
| | - Kazutetsu Aoshiba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuou, Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nagai
- The First Department of Medicine, TWMU, 8-1 Kawata-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
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Mingoia G, Langbein K, Dietzek M, Wagner G, Smesny S, Scherpiet S, Maitra R, Reichenbach JR, Schlösser RG, Gaser C, Sauer H, Nenadic I. Frequency domains of resting state default mode network activity in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2013; 214:80-2. [PMID: 23916248 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Probabilistic independent component analysis was applied to identify the default mode network (DMN) in resting state data obtained with functional magnetic resonance imaging from 25 DSM-IV schizophrenia and 25 matched healthy subjects. Power spectrum analysis showed a significant diagnosis × frequency interaction and higher power in one frequency band, indicating an alteration of DMN frequency spectrum in schizophrenia.
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