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Abd Elrahman MK, El Houssini OM, Fahem DK, Zaazaa HE. Stability indicating liquid chromatography method for the analysis of Vecuronium bromide: study of the degradation profile. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03530. [PMID: 32195388 PMCID: PMC7076553 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular blocker agent namely; Vecuronium bromide (VEC) was quantified through developing a simple reversed phase liquid chromatographic (RP-LC) method, in drug substance and in drug product. The proposed method could quantify VEC in the presence of its degradation products produced from exposing VEC to different stress conditions as recommended by the International Conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Acidic (2M HCl), basic (2MNaOH) hydrolysis, oxidation (3% H2O2), photolysis (UV light at 254nm), and thermal (135 °C) degradation were estimated by exposing the drug substances to different stress conditions. The separation of the drug from its degradation products was successfully conducted on Tracer Extrasil CN (150 × 4.6mm; 5μm) column using O-phosphoric acid (pH6; 0.05M)-acetonitrile (50:50v/v) as mobile phase. The detection and quantification was done with UV detection at210nm.The validation data were found to be acceptable over a concentration range10-120 μg/ml. The limit of quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD) were 8.10 and 2.67 μg/ml, respectively. The proposed method met all criteria for validation in accordance with the International Conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The presented work monitored the degradation profile for VEC under various stress conditions and provided a simple LC method for its routine analysis. The structures of the forced degradation products had been described in details using the MS data and the possible degradation pathways were outlined. Besides, the results obtained from the developed method compared statistically with that of the official method indicting high accuracy and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed K Abd Elrahman
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Ola M El Houssini
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa St, Agouza P.O. Box 12553, Giza, 35521, Egypt
| | - Diana K Fahem
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa St, Agouza P.O. Box 12553, Giza, 35521, Egypt
| | - Hala E Zaazaa
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Venter P, Causon T, Pasch H, de Villiers A. Comprehensive analysis of chestnut tannins by reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction chromatography coupled to ion mobility and high resolution mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1088:150-167. [PMID: 31623711 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report a methodology based on reversed phase LC (RP-LC) and hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) separations coupled to ion mobility (IM) and high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) for the detailed analysis of hydrolysable tannins. The application of this approach to the analysis of an industrial chestnut (Castanea sativa, wood chips) tannin extract is demonstrated. A total of 38 molecular species, including a large number or isomers, were identified in this sample based on HR-MS(E) and UV absorption spectral information as well as retention behaviour in both separation modes. In total, 128 and 90 isomeric species were resolved by RP- and HILIC-LC-IM-TOF-MS, respectively. The combination of low- and high collision energy mass spectral data with complementary chromatographic separations allowed tentative and putative identification of twenty molecular species, comprising 78 isomers, in chestnut for the first time. Ion mobility resolved six new dimeric and trimeric vescalagin conformers with unique arrival (drift) times, including new conformers of roburin A-D which were not separated using either RP-LC or HILIC. HILIC was found to be the preferred separation mode for the analysis of vescalagin derivatives, while RP-LC is preferred for the analysis of ellagitannins with a cyclic glucose core. For the complete separation of the galloyl glucose species, comprehensive HILIC × RP-LC separation would be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Venter
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Tim Causon
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Department of Chemistry, Division of Analytical Chemistry, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Pasch
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - André de Villiers
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
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Essaid D, Chaminade P, Maillard P, Kasselouri A. Lipophilicity of porphyrins and their retention in IAM, C8-C18 and HILIC chromatographic systems. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 114:227-40. [PMID: 26099259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins are a class of photosensitizers used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Understanding the interaction of porphyrins with membrane cells components is important in order to improve this therapy. Many analytical methods can be used for this aim. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the separation of porphyrins on RP and HILIC stationary phases as well as on a biomimetic membrane IAM phase. Twenty-six tetraphenyl porphyrins (TPP) were successfully separated on an IAM column, a C18 Gravity RP column, a C8 Gravity RP column, a PolarTec RP column and a HILIC column. Stationary phases were chosen as the most appropriate to cover the study of different types of interactions. Elution was performed with a 45 min linear gradient. Obtained gradient retention times were converted to gradient chromatography hydrophobicity index (CHI) and to an apparent retention factor (kapp). The partition coefficients (logP) of the 26 compounds were measured in a 2-octanol/PBS system and estimated in silico. Correlation between kapp values was studied. Moreover, a multivariate analysis was performed to explain columns relationships. Obtained results show that porphyrins are separated mainly according to hydrophobic interactions that are relative to their structure (sugar number and the disposition around the porphyrin macrocycle).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Essaid
- Lipides, Systèmes Analytiques et Biologiques, ex EA4041, Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Paris-Sud, 92296 Châtenay Malabry Cedex, France.
| | - P Chaminade
- Lipides, Systèmes Analytiques et Biologiques, ex EA4041, Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Paris-Sud, 92296 Châtenay Malabry Cedex, France
| | - Ph Maillard
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Centre Universitaire, Univ. Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France; CNRS, INSERM, UMR 9187-U 1196, Centre Universitaire, Univ. Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A Kasselouri
- Lipides, Systèmes Analytiques et Biologiques, ex EA4041, Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Paris-Sud, 92296 Châtenay Malabry Cedex, France
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Abstract
Thirty-three compounds belonging to the sympatholytics and sympathomimetics were analyzed during the study. The biological activity data for the parameters of binding affinity to the α1- and α2-adrenergic receptors together with parameters of the logarithm of the partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log P) were performed using a semi-empirical calculations methods for isolated molecules (in vacuo) and for the molecules placed in an aqueous environment. Additionally, the chromatographic retention data were used as extra dependent variables of the structural parameters for a part of the considered compounds. Finally, all those groups of parameters were analyzed using MLR, PCA, and FA methods for the classification of studied compounds according to their chemical structures and pharmacological activity to the adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kawczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Leszek Bober
- POLPHARMA SA Pharmaceutical Works, 83-200 Starogard Gdański, Poland
| | - Tomasz Bączek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland ; Division of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University of Słupsk, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland
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El-Houssini OM. RP-LC and TLC Densitometric Determination of Paracetamol and Pamabrom in Presence of Hazardous Impurity of Paracetamol and Application to Pharmaceuticals. Anal Chem Insights 2013; 8:73-81. [PMID: 24046511 PMCID: PMC3771670 DOI: 10.4137/aci.s12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Two simple, accurate and reproducible methods were developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PARA) and pamabrom (PAMB) in pure form and in tablets. The first method was based on reserved-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, on a Thermo Hypersil ODS column using methanol:0.01 M sodium hexane sulfonate:formic acid (67.5:212.5:1 v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 2 mL/min and the column temperature was adjusted to 35 °C. Quantification was achieved with UV detection at 277 nm over concentration range of 100–600 and 4–24 μg/mL, with mean percentage recoveries were found to be 99.90 ± 0.586 and 99.26 ± 0.901 for PARA and PAMB, respectively. The second method was based on thin-layer chromatography separation of PARA and PAMB followed by densitometric measurement of the spots at 254 nm and 277 nm for PARA and PAMB respectively. Separation was carried out on aluminum sheet of silica gel 60F254 using dichloromethane:methanol:glacial acetic acid (7.5:1:0.5 v/v/v) as the mobile phase over concentration range of 1–10 and 0.32–3.20 μg per spot, with mean percentage recovery of 100.52 ± 1.332 and 99.71 ± 1.478 for PARA and PAMB, respectively. The methods retained their accuracy in presence of up to 50% of P-aminophenol and could be successfully applied in tablets.
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Seshadri RK, Raghavaraju TV, Chakravarthy IE. A Single Gradient Stability-Indicating Reversed-Phase LC Method for the Estimation of Impurities in Omeprazole and Domperidone Capsules. Sci Pharm 2012; 81:437-8. [PMID: 23833712 PMCID: PMC3700074 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1209-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A gradient reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (RP-LC) method was developed for the quantitative estimation of impurities in the pharmaceutical dosage form of Omeprazole and Domperidone capsules. The developed method is a stability-indicating test method for the estimation of impurities generated during the formulation and storage of Omeprazole and Domperidone capsules. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a column packed with octadecyl silane, having a column length of 250 mm and diameter of 4.6 mm with a particle size of 5 μm, and by following a gradient program using a combination of a monobasic potassium phosphate buffer (0.05M) and acetonitrile. Since the spectral properties were similar, both compounds' individual impurities were estimated at 285 nm. Forced degradation studies were performed on Omeprazole pellets (enteric coated) and Domperidone pellets (SR coated) encapsulated in size '1' hard gelatin capsules. Omeprazole and Domperidone were degraded using acid hydrolysis (0.1 N hydrochloric acid), base (0.1 N sodium hydroxide), oxidation (50% hydrogen peroxide), heat (105 °C), and UV light (254 nm). The established method was validated and found to be linear, accurate, precise, specific, robust, and rugged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Kumar Seshadri
- Analytical Research and Development, Integrated Product Development, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., Bachupally, Hyderabad-500 072, India
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Ramulu G, Ravindra Kumar Y, Vyas K, Suryanarayana MV, Mukkanti K. A new validated liquid chromatographic method for the determination of loratadine and its impurities. Sci Pharm 2011; 79:277-91. [PMID: 21773066 PMCID: PMC3134850 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1012-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
An improved gradient, reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (RP-LC) method was developed and subsequently validated for the determination of Loratadine and its impurities/degradation products in pharmaceutical drug substance. Separation was achieved with Inertsil ODS-3V, 250 × 4.6 mm, 5μ column with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min−1. UV detection was performed at 220 nm. The described method is linear over a range of LOQ (0.044, 0.088, 0.084, and 0.072 μg mL−1 for impurity-B, impurity-C, impurity-D, and impurity-E respectively) to 1.2 μg mL−1 (0.6 μg mL−1 of the specification limit) for all the impurities and degradation products. The recovery of impurities were found to be in the range of 85–115 %. The method is simple, selective, and accurate for the quantification of impurities and degradation products of Loratadine in its bulk drug samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajjela Ramulu
- Analytical Research and Development, Integrated Product Development, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., Bachupally, Hyderabad-500072, India
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