Dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the spermatic cord: Case report and review of literature.
Int J Surg Case Rep 2020;
72:418-422. [PMID:
32563833 PMCID:
PMC7306526 DOI:
10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.06.051]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposarcomas typically presents as bulky heterogeneous solid lesions that are larger/firmer than simple “cord lipoma.” Tumors range from 3 to 30 cm in diameter.
Current controversy in management of liposarcomas pertains to the use of adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy and whether these treatment options decrease recurrence/survival.
We recommend an initial complete resection with wide margins without the use of adjuvant therapy with aggressive long-term surveillance.
Based on extrapolated data from studies pertaining to sarcomas of the extremities, adjuvant radiation or chemotherapy may serve a role but further research is crucial.
Introduction
Malignant spermatic cord tumors have an annual incidence of 0.3 cases/million. The vast majority of tumors in this region are benign. We present a rare case of a dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the spermatic cord successfully treated.
Presentation of case
A 59-year-old gentleman presented complaining of an enlarging painful right groin mass. On exam there was an obvious 10 cm inguinal mass. Imaging illustrated a right inguinal soft tissue mass that was not present on imaging 22 months prior.
The patient underwent a right inguinal exploration, en bloc resection of the mass, and radical orchiectomy to ensure negative margins. Histopathological analysis revealed a grade 2 dedifferentiated liposarcoma that measured 9 × 6 × 5 cm, with 5 cm negative margins. The patient did well and was discharged on postoperative day one. On 6-month follow-up there was no evidence of recurrence.
Discussion
We present a rare dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the spermatic cord that was successfully treated with surgical resection. This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion coupled with a thorough history and physical examination when encountering an enlarging inguinal mass. This rare pathology is lacking level one evidence-based standardized treatment algorithms. The mainstay of treatment is surgical resection.
Conclusion
For spermatic cord liposarcomas, the surgical approach is en bloc resection with radical orchiectomy aiming for R0 margins. Prognosis depends on tumor grade, anatomic site, and the ability to achieve a microscopically tumor negative resection. Despite our patient’s disease free status, prolonged surveillance with physical examination and cross sectional imaging is still warranted.
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