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Rossini S, Ambrosino S, Volpi C, Belladonna ML, Pallotta MT, Panfili E, Suvieri C, Macchiarulo A, Mondanelli G, Orabona C. Epacadostat stabilizes the apo-form of IDO1 and signals a pro-tumorigenic pathway in human ovarian cancer cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1346686. [PMID: 38333210 PMCID: PMC10850306 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1346686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The tryptophan-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a plastic immune checkpoint molecule that potently orchestrates immune responses within the tumor microenvironment (TME). As a heme-containing protein, IDO1 catalyzes the conversion of the essential amino acid tryptophan into immunoactive metabolites, called kynurenines. By depleting tryptophan and enriching the TME with kynurenines, IDO1 catalytic activity shapes an immunosuppressive TME. Accordingly, the inducible or constitutive IDO1 expression in cancer correlates with a negative prognosis for patients, representing one of the critical tumor-escape mechanisms. However, clinically trialed IDO1 catalytic inhibitors disappointed the expected anti-tumor efficacy. Interestingly, the non-enzymatic apo-form of IDO1 is still active as a transducing protein, capable of promoting an immunoregulatory phenotype in dendritic cells (DCs) as well as a pro-tumorigenic behavior in murine melanoma. Moreover, the IDO1 catalytic inhibitor epacadostat can induce a tolerogenic phenotype in plasmacytoid DCs, overcoming the catalytic inhibition of IDO1. Based on this recent evidence, IDO1 plasticity was investigated in the human ovarian cancer cell line, SKOV-3, that constitutively expresses IDO1 in a dynamic balance between the holo- and apo-protein, and thus potentially endowed with a dual function (i.e., enzymatic and non-enzymatic). Besides inhibiting the catalytic activity, epacadostat persistently stabilizes the apo-form of IDO1 protein, favoring its tyrosine-phosphorylation and promoting its association with the phosphatase SHP-2. In SKOV-3 cells, both these early molecular events activate a signaling pathway transduced by IDO1 apo-protein, which is independent of its catalytic activity and contributes to the tumorigenic phenotype of SKOV-3 cells. Overall, our findings unveiled a new mechanism of action of epacadostat on IDO1 target, repositioning the catalytic inhibitor as a stabilizer of the apo-form of IDO1, still capable of transducing a pro-tumorigenic pathway in SKOV-3 tumor. This mechanism could contribute to clarify the lack of effectiveness of epacadostat in clinical trials and shed light on innovative immunotherapeutic strategies to tackle IDO1 target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Rossini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Sara Ambrosino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudia Volpi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Eleonora Panfili
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara Suvieri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Macchiarulo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giada Mondanelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ciriana Orabona
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Cucielo MS, Freire PP, Emílio-Silva MT, Romagnoli GG, Carvalho RF, Kaneno R, Hiruma-Lima CA, Delella FK, Reiter RJ, Chuffa LGDA. Melatonin enhances cell death and suppresses the metastatic capacity of ovarian cancer cells by attenuating the signaling of multiple kinases. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154637. [PMID: 37356221 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is a highly aggressive disease that is frequently diagnosed in advanced stages. Melatonin, with its numerous antitumor properties, holds great promise in cancer treatment. Herein, we investigated the effects of melatonin on apoptosis, cell migration, and kinase levels in human ovarian carcinoma SKOV-3 cells and determined whether these effects are mediated by the activation of the MT1 receptor. METHODS SKOV-3 cells were exposed to different concentrations of melatonin based on the presence of MT1 receptor, and we also performed specific silencing of the melatonin receptor gene MTNR1A. RESULTS Our findings revealed that melatonin reduced cell viability as shown by the MTT assay, and flow cytometry analysis showed increased rates of apoptosis and necrosis in all melatonin-treated cells. Melatonin significantly decreased the migratory and invasive capacities of the cells. Propidium iodide labeling indicated that melatonin induced cell cycle arrest by reducing DNA content in the S and G2/M phases in SKOV-3 cells. Additionally, the levels of AKT, ERK1/2, JNK, CREB, p70S6K, STAT3/5, and p38 MAP kinase involved in cell survival, proliferation, motility, and stress responses were depressed by melatonin and further reduced after MT1 knockdown. These molecules were found to be associated with lower overall survival in ovarian cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Melatonin had obvious oncostatic actions on ovarian cancer cells, and MT1 receptor knockdown intensified its antitumor effect. The inhibition of the MT1 receptor resulted in a substantial reduction in the migratory and invasive capacities of the cells, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira Smaniotto Cucielo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Paccielli Freire
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, USP - University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maycon Tavares Emílio-Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ramon Kaneno
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clélia Akiko Hiruma-Lima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia Karina Delella
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Departament of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 782229, USA
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil.
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Hankittichai P, Thaklaewphan P, Wikan N, Ruttanapattanakul J, Potikanond S, Smith DR, Nimlamool W. Resveratrol Enhances Cytotoxic Effects of Cisplatin by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Ovarian Adenocarcinoma SKOV-3 Cells through Activating the p38 MAPK and Suppressing AKT. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050755. [PMID: 37242538 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we identified a mechanism of resveratrol (RES) underlying its anti-cancer properties against human ovarian adenocarcinoma SKOV-3 cells. We investigated its anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects in combination with cisplatin, using cell viability assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence study and Western blot analysis. We discovered that RES suppressed cancer cell proliferation and stimulated apoptosis, especially when combined with cisplatin. This compound also inhibited SKOV-3 cell survival, which may partly be due to its potential to inhibit protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation and induce the S-phase cell cycle arrest. RES in combination with cisplatin strongly induced cancer cell apoptosis through activating the caspase-dependent cascade, which was associated with its ability to stimulate nuclear phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), well recognized to be involved in transducing environmental stress signals. RES-induced p38 phosphorylation was very specific, and the activation status of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was not mainly affected. Taken together, our study provides accumulated evidence that RES represses proliferation and promotes apoptosis in SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells through activating the p38 MAPK pathway. It is interesting that this active compound may be used as an effective agent to sensitize ovarian cancer to apoptosis induced by standard chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phateep Hankittichai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Phatarawat Thaklaewphan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nitwara Wikan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Saranyapin Potikanond
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Duncan R Smith
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Wutigri Nimlamool
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Bazylińska U, Wawrzyńczyk D, Kulbacka J, Picci G, Manni LS, Handschin S, Fornasier M, Caltagirone C, Mezzenga R, Murgia S. Hybrid Theranostic Cubosomes for Efficient NIR-Induced Photodynamic Therapy. ACS Nano 2022; 16:5427-5438. [PMID: 35333516 PMCID: PMC9047672 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, lipid bicontinuous cubic liquid-crystalline nanoparticles known as cubosomes have been under investigation because of their favorable properties as drug nanocarriers useful for anticancer treatments. Herein, we present organic/inorganic hybrid, theranostic cubosomes stabilized in water with a shell of alternate layers of chitosan, single strand DNA (model genetic material for potential gene therapy), and folic acid-chitosan conjugate (the outmost layer), coencapsulating up-converting Er3+ and Yb3+ codoped NaYF4 nanoparticles and daunorubicin. The latter acts as a chemotherapeutic drug of photosensitizing activity, while up-converting nanoparticles serve as energy harvester and diagnostic agent. Cellular uptake and NIR-induced photodynamic therapy were evaluated in vitro against human skin melanoma (MeWo) and ovarian (SKOV-3) cancer cells. Results evidenced the preferential uptake of the theranostic cubosomes in SKOV-3 cells in comparison to uptake in MeWo cells, and this effect was enhanced by the folic acid functionalization of the cubosomes surface. Nanocarriers coloaded with the hybrid fluorophores exhibited a superior NIR-induced photodynamic activity, also confirmed by the improved mitochondrial activity and the most affecting f-actin fibers of cytoskeleton. Similar results, but with higher photocytotoxicity, were detected when folic acid-functionalized cubosomes were incubated with SKOV-3 cells. Taken on the whole, these results prove these hybrid cubosomes are good candidates for the photodynamic treatment of tumor lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Bazylińska
- Department
of Physical and Quantum Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Wawrzyńczyk
- Advanced
Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department
of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Giacomo Picci
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University
of Cagliari and CSGI, s.s. 554 bivio Sestu, I-09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Livia Salvati Manni
- School
of Medical Sciences, School of Chemistry and University of Sydney
Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- ETH
Zurich Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Handschin
- ETH
Zurich Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy (ScopeM), Otto-Stern-Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Marco Fornasier
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University
of Cagliari and CSGI, s.s. 554 bivio Sestu, I-09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Claudia Caltagirone
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University
of Cagliari and CSGI, s.s. 554 bivio Sestu, I-09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- ETH
Zurich Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- ETH
Zurich
Department of Materials, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Murgia
- Department
of Life and Environmental Sciences, University
of Cagliari and CSGI, via Ospedale 72, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy
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Campos-Contreras ADR, González-Gallardo A, Díaz-Muñoz M, Vázquez-Cuevas FG. Adenosine Receptor A2B Negatively Regulates Cell Migration in Ovarian Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4585. [PMID: 35562985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purinergic system is fundamental in the tumor microenvironment, since it regulates tumor cell interactions with the immune system, as well as growth and differentiation in autocrine-paracrine responses. Here, we investigated the role of the adenosine A2B receptor (A2BR) in ovarian carcinoma-derived cells’ (OCDC) properties. From public databases, we documented that high A2BR expression is associated with a better prognostic outcome in ovarian cancer patients. In vitro experiments were performed on SKOV-3 cell line to understand how A2BR regulates the carcinoma cell phenotype associated with cell migration. RT-PCR and Western blotting revealed that the ADORA2B transcript (coding for A2BR) and A2BR were expressed in SKOV-3 cells. Stimulation with BAY-606583, an A2BR agonist, induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which was abolished by the antagonist PSB-603. Pharmacological activation of A2BR reduced cell migration and actin stress fibers; in agreement, A2BR knockdown increased migration and enhanced actin stress fiber expression. Furthermore, the expression of E-cadherin, an epithelial marker, increased in BAY-606583-treated cells. Finally, cDNA microarrays revealed the pathways mediating the effects of A2BR activation on SKOV-3 cells. Our results showed that A2BR contributed to maintaining an epithelial-like phenotype in OCDC and highlighted this purinergic receptor as a potential biomarker.
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Cesário RC, Gaiotte LB, Cucielo MS, Silveira HS, Dos Santos LD, de Campos Zuccari DAP, Seiva FRF, Reiter RJ, de Almeida Chuffa LG. The proteomic landscape of ovarian cancer cells in response to melatonin. Life Sci 2022;:120352. [PMID: 35074409 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy with a highly negative prognosis. Melatonin is an indoleamine secreted by the pineal gland during darkness and has shown antitumor activity in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Herein, we investigated the influence of melatonin on the proteome of human ovarian carcinoma cells (SKOV-3 cell line) using the Ultimate 3000 LC Liquid NanoChromatography equipment coupled to a Q-Exactive mass spectrometry. After 48 h of treatment, melatonin induced a significant cytotoxicity especially with the highest melatonin concentration. The proteomic profile revealed 639 proteins in the control group, and 98, 110, and 128 proteins were altered by melatonin at the doses of 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4 mM, respectively. Proteins associated with the immune system and tricarboxylic acid cycle were increased in the three melatonin-exposed groups of cells. Specifically, the dose of 2.4 mM led to a reduction in molecules associated with protein synthesis, especially those of the ribosomal protein family. We also identified 28 potential genes shared between normal ovarian tissue and OC in all experimental groups, and melatonin was predicted to alter genes encoding ribosomal proteins. Notably, the set of proteins changed by melatonin was linked to a better prognosis for OC patients. We conclude that melatonin significantly alters the proteome of SKOV-3 cells by changing proteins involved with the immune response and mitochondrial metabolism. The concentration of 2.4 mM of melatonin promoted the largest number of protein changes. The evidence suggests that melatonin may be an effective therapeutic strategy against OC.
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Zhao S, Guan X, Hou R, Zhang X, Guo F, Zhang Z, Hua C. Vitexin attenuates epithelial ovarian cancer cell viability and motility in vitro and carcinogenesis in vivo via p38 and ERK1/2 pathways related VEGFA. Ann Transl Med 2020; 8:1139. [PMID: 33240988 PMCID: PMC7576048 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common type of ovarian tumor, however, effective treatment does not currently exist for this condition. This study evaluated the role of vitexin in mitigating EOC both in vitro and in vivo. Method SKOV-3 cells were used for in vitro experimentation. Xenotransplantation mouse models were set up by subcutaneously injecting mice with SKOV-3 cells. CCK8 was used to screen the optimal dose in vitro. Cell proliferation, invasion, number of microtubule nodules and apoptosis were respectively detected by colony formation assay, transwell assay, microtubule formation assay and flow cytometry. TUNEL and immunohistochemistry were used to detect tissues apoptosis and VEGF content. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of Ki67, caspase-3, VEGFA, VEGFR2, ERK1/2 and p38. Results In vitro experiment, compared with the control group, 10 µL of vitexin significantly reduced Ki67 levels and enhanced tumor cell apoptosis rate. Additionally, the colony forming rate, invasive cells per field, and number of nodes/HPF in vitexin treated group decreased dramatically. The result of western blot showed that levels of p-p38/p38 and p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2 also noticeably decreased. In vivo experiment, 40 mg/kg of vitexin significantly inhibited tumor growth. In addition, vitexin significantly enhanced the percentage of tissues apoptosis, which was accompanied by a decrease in the percentage of VEGF-positive cells. Conclusions Vitexin decreased the proliferation and invasion of SKOV-3 cells and noticeably reduced tumor growth. These findings suggest that vitexin could be a promising therapy for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Xinlei Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Ruijie Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Fang Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Caihong Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
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Ferjaoui Z, Jamal Al Dine E, Kulmukhamedova A, Bezdetnaya L, Soon Chang C, Schneider R, Mutelet F, Mertz D, Begin-Colin S, Quilès F, Gaffet E, Alem H. Doxorubicin-Loaded Thermoresponsive Superparamagnetic Nanocarriers for Controlled Drug Delivery and Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:30610-30620. [PMID: 31359758 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study reports on the development of thermoresponsive core/shell magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) based on an iron oxide core and a thermoresponsive copolymer shell composed of 2-(2-methoxy)ethyl methacrylate (MEO2MA) and oligo(ethylene glycol)methacrylate (OEGMA) moieties. These smart nano-objects combine the magnetic properties of the core and the drug carrier properties of the polymeric shell. Loading the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) in the thermoresponsive MNPs via supramolecular interactions provides advanced features to the delivery of DOX with spatial and temporal controls. The so coated iron oxide MNPs exhibit superparamagnetic behavior with a saturation magnetization of around 30 emu g-1. Drug release experiments confirmed that only a small amount of DOX was released at room temperature, while almost 100% drug release was achieved after 52 h at 42 °C with Fe3-δO4@P(MEO2MA60OEGMA40), which grafted polymer chains displaying a low critical solution temperature of 41 °C. Moreover, the MNPs exhibit magnetic hyperthermia properties as shown by specific absorption rate measurements. Finally, the cytotoxicity of the core/shell MNPs toward human ovary cancer SKOV-3 cells was tested. The results showed that the polymer-capped MNPs exhibited almost no toxicity at concentrations up to 12 μg mL-1, whereas when loaded with DOX, an increase in cytotoxicity and a decrease of SKOV-3 cell viability were observed. From these results, we conclude that these smart superparamagnetic nanocarriers with stealth properties are able to deliver drugs to tumor and are promising for applications in multimodal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zied Ferjaoui
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , Campus Artem 2 allée André Guinier - BP 50840 , F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Enaam Jamal Al Dine
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , Campus Artem 2 allée André Guinier - BP 50840 , F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Aigul Kulmukhamedova
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN, UMR 7039) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy , France
- Research Department , Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine , 6 avenue de Bourgogne, CS 30519 , F-54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Lina Bezdetnaya
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN, UMR 7039) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy , France
- Research Department , Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine , 6 avenue de Bourgogne, CS 30519 , F-54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Crosby Soon Chang
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , Campus Artem 2 allée André Guinier - BP 50840 , F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Raphaël Schneider
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, (LRGP, UMR 7274) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , F-54000 Nancy , France
| | - Fabrice Mutelet
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, (LRGP, UMR 7274) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , F-54000 Nancy , France
| | - Damien Mertz
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS, UMR 7504) , Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7504 , F-67034 Strasbourg , France
| | - Sylvie Begin-Colin
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS, UMR 7504) , Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7504 , F-67034 Strasbourg , France
| | - Fabienne Quilès
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie et Materiaux pour l'Environnement (LCPME, UMR 7564) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , F-54600 Villers-lès-Nancy , France
| | - Eric Gaffet
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , Campus Artem 2 allée André Guinier - BP 50840 , F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Halima Alem
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , Campus Artem 2 allée André Guinier - BP 50840 , F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
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Bazylińska U, Kulbacka J, Chodaczek G. Nanoemulsion Structural Design in Co-Encapsulation of Hybrid Multifunctional Agents: Influence of the Smart PLGA Polymers on the Nanosystem-Enhanced Delivery and Electro-Photodynamic Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11080405. [PMID: 31405247 PMCID: PMC6723278 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined properties of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-based nanocarriers (NCs) with various functional or “smart” properties, i.e., coated with PLGA, polyethylene glycolated PLGA (PEG-PLGA), or folic acid-functionalized PLGA (FA-PLGA). NCs were obtained by double emulsion (water-in-oil-in-water) evaporation process, which is one of the most suitable approaches in nanoemulsion structural design. Nanoemulsion surface engineering allowed us to co-encapsulate a hydrophobic porphyrin photosensitizing dye—verteporfin (VP) in combination with low-dose cisplatin (CisPt)—a hydrophilic cytostatic drug. The composition was tested as a multifunctional and synergistic hybrid agent for bioimaging and anticancer treatment assisted by electroporation on human ovarian cancer SKOV-3 and control hamster ovarian fibroblastoid CHO-K1 cell lines. The diameter of PLGA NCs with different coatings was on average 200 nm, as shown by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. We analyzed the effect of the nanocarrier charge and the polymeric shield variation on the colloidal stability using microelectrophoretic and turbidimetric methods. The cellular internalization and anticancer activity following the electro-photodynamic treatment (EP-PDT) were assessed with confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Our data show that functionalized PLGA NCs are biocompatible and enable efficient delivery of the hybrid cargo to cancer cells, followed by enhanced killing of cells when supported by EP-PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Bazylińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Chodaczek
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland
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AlBasher G, AlKahtane AA, Alarifi S, Ali D, Alessia MS, Almeer RS, Abdel-Daim MM, Al-Sultan NK, Al-Qahtani AA, Ali H, Alkahtani S. Methotrexate-induced apoptosis in human ovarian adenocarcinoma SKOV-3 cells via ROS-mediated bax/bcl-2-cyt-c release cascading. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 12:21-30. [PMID: 30588027 PMCID: PMC6301295 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s178510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The communication between a substance and a cell may depend on whether the cell is normal or pathological. The disease cells and drug interaction may occasionally overcome beneficial action of the drug; subsequently, it is important to investigate the effect of the drug in both the normal and target cells. This study aimed to evaluate the methotrexate (MTX) antiproliferative effect and explore the mechanistic approach to investigate the cell death index in SKOV-3 ovarian cells during treatment with MTX. Methods In vitro studies of SKOV-3 cells were examined by tetrazolium assay after exposure to various concentrations of MTX. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA damage, and AO/EtBr staining morphological analysis of necrotic/apoptotic cells were detected; cellular impairment in mitochondria and DNA was confirmed by JC-1 mitotracker/DAPI, respectively, and cell death pathway markers; bax/bcl-2 were analyzed. Results A dose-dependent antiproliferative effect of MTX treatment was observed in SKOV-3 cells; the prominent inhibitory concentration was 40 µM of MTX (P<0.01). The growth inhibition rates of the cancer cells reached 24.07% in MTX. The MTX showed increase in ROS generation and mitochondrial depolarization, and DNA integrity cells collectively advocated the apoptotic cell death at higher concentration. In addition, the results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction also supported the apoptosis by upregulating the bax and downregulating the bcl-2 (P<0.01). Thus the MTX moderately provokes apoptosis. Conclusion Our findings suggest that MTX acts on SKOV-3 cancer cells by increasing intracellular ROS levels, leading to DNA damage and altering the MMP along with apoptotic gene upregulation. This mechanism may provide new therapeutic targets to improve tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadah AlBasher
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A AlKahtane
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Alessia
- Department of Biology, Science College, Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud, Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafa S Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Nouf K Al-Sultan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Al-Qahtani
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Alfaisal University School of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Ali
- Department of Chemistry Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India,
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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11
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De Castro F, Benedetti M, Antonaci G, Del Coco L, De Pascali SA, Muscella A, Marsigliante S, Fanizzi FP. Response of Cisplatin Resistant Skov-3 Cells to [Pt( O,O'-Acac)(γ-Acac)(DMS)] Treatment Revealed by a Metabolomic ¹H-NMR Study. Molecules 2018; 23:E2301. [PMID: 30205612 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel [Pt(O,O′-acac)(γ-acac)(DMS)], Ptac2S, Pt(II) complex has recently gained increasing attention as a potential anticancer agent for its pharmacological activity shown in different tumor cell lines, studied both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of action of Ptac2S, operating on non-genomic targets, is known to be very different from that of cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2], cisplatin, targeting nucleic acids. In this work, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of Ptac2S on the cisplatin resistant Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma (EOC), SKOV-3 cells, by the MTT assay. A 1H-NMR metabolomic approach coupled with multivariate statistical analysis was used for the first time for Ptac2S to figure out the biological mechanisms of action of the complex. The metabolic variations of intracellular metabolites and the composition of the corresponding extracellular culture media were compared to those of cisplatin (cells were treated at the IC50 doses of both drugs). The reported comparative metabolomic analysis revealed a very different metabolic profile between Ptac2S and cisplatin treated samples, thus confirming the different mechanism of action of Ptac2S also in the Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma (EOC), SKOV-3 cells line. In particular, higher levels of pyruvate were observed in Ptac2S treated, with respect to cisplatin treated, cells (in both aqueous and culture media). In addition, a very different lipid expression resulted after the exposure to the two drugs (Ptac2S and cisplatin). These results suggest a possible explanation for the Ptac2S ability to circumvent cisplatin resistance in SKOV-3 cells.
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12
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Sulaiman GM, Jabir MS, Hameed AH. Nanoscale modification of chrysin for improved of therapeutic efficiency and cytotoxicity. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2018; 46:708-720. [PMID: 29383946 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1434661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chrysin, as a flavone, is a promising drug candidate because of its multifaceted properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer. However, its poor bioavailability is a bottleneck for pharmaceutical applications. To enhance the bioactive effects, chrysin-loaded poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) and polyvinyl alcohol were successfully prepared to overcome problems associated with chrysin. The properties of modified nanochrysin were analysed by in vitro dissolution study, XRD, FTIR and SEM. Free radical scavenging potentials of the modified nanochrysin against DPPH were confirmed based on its stable antioxidant effects. A DNA instability enhancement was observed after H2O2 exposure, whereas chrysin decreased the H2O2 activity, and modified nanochrysin was more potent in this regard. Blood compatibility on red blood cells was confirmed by haemolytic and in vitro cytotoxicity assays. The in vitro anticancer activity of the modified nanochrysin towards MCF-7 and SKOV-3 cell lines using various parameters was investigated. The nanochrysin was found to exert cell growth arrest against both cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. IC50 value was significantly decreased in nanochrysin in comparison with pure chrysin and induced apoptotic cell death pathway. The results of this study suggest that the nanochrysin might be used for medical applications and offer a beneficial formulation for chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan M Sulaiman
- a Applied Science Department, Biotechnology Division , University of Technology , Baghdad , Iraq
| | - Majid S Jabir
- a Applied Science Department, Biotechnology Division , University of Technology , Baghdad , Iraq
| | - Anaheed H Hameed
- a Applied Science Department, Biotechnology Division , University of Technology , Baghdad , Iraq
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13
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Zhang Z, Zhang H, Hu Z, Wang P, Wan J, Li B. Synergy of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and carboplatin in growth suppression of SKOV-3 cells. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:1348-1354. [PMID: 25120722 PMCID: PMC4114616 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] has been demonstrated to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. However, carboplatin is the most widely used chemotherapeutic agent to treat cancer. We hypothesized that vitamin D may enhance the antiproliferative effects of carboplatin, and tested this hypothesis in ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells treated with carboplatin and 1,25(OH)2D3. Cell viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8, while cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were analyzed by flow cytometry. In these experiments, 1,25(OH)2D3 and carboplatin each provided dose-dependent suppression of SKOV-3 growth, and synergy was demonstrated between 10 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 and carboplatin. The proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase was markedly reduced by the drug combination, while the proportion of cells in G2/M phase was increased. Apoptosis did not increase in ovarian cancer cells treated with 10 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 alone; however, 1,25(OH)2D3 evidently enhanced carboplatin-induced apoptosis. Similarly, ROS production was evidently higher and MMP was lower in cells treated with the two drugs than in those treated with each drug alone. The results suggested that 1,25(OH)2D3 suppresses SKOV-3 growth and enhances the antiproliferative effect of carboplatin. The drugs function synergistically by inducing cell cycle arrest, increasing apoptosis and ROS production, and reducing MMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengli Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Hemei Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- Li Shui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jianmei Wan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
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14
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Sim KS, Ibrahim H, Malek SNA, Syamsir DR, Awang K. Cytotoxic activity of Alpinia murdochii Ridl.: A mountain ginger species from Peninsular Malaysia. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10:70-2. [PMID: 24695515 PMCID: PMC3969662 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.126666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alpinia murdochii (Zingiberaceae) is a wild ginger species restricted to mountain areas of Peninsular Malaysia. Due to rapid development and deforestation activities, this species is becoming rare. This is the first report of the cytotoxic activity of A. murdochii. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of leaves and rhizomes of A. murdochii against selected human cancer cell lines by using in vitro cytotoxicity assay. Materials and Methods: The leaves and rhizomes of A. murdochii were extracted in hexane, dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), and methanol (MeOH) prior to cytotoxic activity assessment against selected human cancer cell lines, namely MCF7 (hormone dependent breast carcinoma cell line), HT29 (colon carcinoma cell line), and SKOV-3 (ovarian cancer cell line) by using in vitro neutral red cytotoxicity assay. Results: The hexane and CH2Cl2 extracts of both leaves and rhizomes exhibited remarkable cytotoxic effect against SKOV-3 cells with the IC50 values in the range of 5.2-16.7 μg/ml. Conclusion: Based on the preliminary data obtained in the present study, the leaves and rhizomes of A. murdochii may be viable therapeutic or preventive candidates for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kae Shin Sim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Halijah Ibrahim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sri Nurestri Abdul Malek
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Devi Rosmy Syamsir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khalijah Awang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Apte A, Koren E, Koshkaryev A, Torchilin VP. Doxorubicin in TAT peptide-modified multifunctional immunoliposomes demonstrates increased activity against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant ovarian cancer models. Cancer Biol Ther 2013; 15:69-80. [PMID: 24145298 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.26609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a hallmark of cancer cells and a crucial factor in chemotherapy failure, cancer reappearance, and patient deterioration. We have previously described the physicochemical characteristics and the in vitro anticancer properties of a multifunctional doxorubicin-loaded liposomal formulation. Lipodox(®), a commercially available PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin, was made multifunctional by surface-decorating with a cell-penetrating peptide, TATp, conjugated to PEG 1000-PE, to enhance liposomal cell uptake. A pH-sensitive polymer, PEG 2000-Hz-PE, with a pH-sensitive hydrazone (Hz) bond to shield the peptide in the body and expose it only at the acidic tumor cell surface, was used as well. In addition, an anti-nucleosome monoclonal antibody 2C5 attached to a long-chain polymer to target nucleosomes overexpressed on the tumor cell surface was also present. Here, we report the in vitro cell uptake and cytotoxicity of the modified multifunctional immunoliposomes as well as the in vivo studies on tumor xenografts developed subcutaneously in nude mice with MDR and drug-sensitive human ovarian cancer cells (SKOV-3). Our results show the ability of multifunctional immunoliposomes to overcome MDR by enhancing cytotoxicity in drug-resistant cells, compared with non-modified liposomes. Furthermore, in comparison with the non-modified liposomes, upon intravenous injection of these multifunctional immunoliposomes into mice with tumor xenografts, a significant reduction in tumor growth and enhanced therapeutic efficacy of the drug in both drug-resistant and drug-sensitive mice was obtained. The use of "smart" multifunctional delivery systems may provide the basis for an effective strategy to develop, improve, and overcome MDR cancers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Apte
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine; Northeastern University; Boston, MA USA
| | - Erez Koren
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine; Northeastern University; Boston, MA USA
| | - Alexander Koshkaryev
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine; Northeastern University; Boston, MA USA
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine; Northeastern University; Boston, MA USA
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Kumar SSD, Surianarayanan M, Vijayaraghavan R, Mandal AB, MacFarlane DR. Curcumin loaded poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) nanoparticles from gelled ionic liquid--in vitro cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activity in SKOV-3 cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 51:34-44. [PMID: 24012589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The main focus of this study is to encapsulate hydrophobic drug curcumin in hydrophilic polymeric core such as poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [PHEMA] nanoparticles from gelled ionic liquid (IL) to improve its efficacy. We have achieved 26.4% drug loading in a biocompatible hydrophilic polymer. Curcumin loaded PHEMA nanoparticles (C-PHEMA-NPs) were prepared by nano-precipitation method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis showed that the prepared nanoparticles were spherical in shape and free from aggregation. The size and zeta potential of prepared C-PHEMA-NPs were about 300 nm and -33.4 mV respectively. C-PHEMA-NPs were further characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy which confirmed the existence of curcumin in the nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry studies revealed that curcumin present in the PHEMA nanoparticles were found to be amorphous in nature. The anticancer activity of C-PHEMA-NPs was measured in ovarian cancer cells (SKOV-3) in vitro, and the results revealed that the C-PHEMA-NPs had better tumor cells regression activity than free curcumin. Flow cytometry showed the significant reduction in G0/G1 cells after treatment with C-PHEMA-NPs and molecular level of apoptosis were also studied using western blotting. Toxicity of PHEMA nanoparticles were studied in zebrafish embryo model and results revealed the material to be highly biocompatible. The present study demonstrates the curcumin loaded PHEMA nanoparticles have potential therapeutic values in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Sundar Dhilip Kumar
- Thermo Chemical Lab, Chemical Engineering Department, Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600 020, India
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17
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Hu L, Wang W, Cai J, Luo J, Huang Y, Xiong S, Li W, Guo M. Aberrant expression of ZNF268 alters the growth and migration of ovarian cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2013; 6:49-54. [PMID: 23946776 PMCID: PMC3742507 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynaecological cancers worldwide. However, the mechanisms underlying ovarian carcinogenesis are not well understood. The present study used immunostaining, western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR to demonstrate that ZNF268 is overexpressed in human ovarian carcinomas. ZNF268-knockdown increased the viability, colony formation and growth of in vivo xenografts of ovarian carcinoma SKOV-3 cells, whereas SKOV-3 cell migration was inhibited. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the knockdown of ZNF268 may increase SKOV-3 cell growth by promoting cell cycle progression. The findings suggest that ZNF268 is a novel protein involved in ovarian carcinogenesis and that it may aid in the understanding of the mechanisms of ovarian carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072
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