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Zhang S, Zhang X, Bai H, Wang K. Resource utilization of stone waste and loess to prepare grouting materials. J Environ Manage 2024; 354:120452. [PMID: 38401503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Loess, a terrestrial clastic sediment, is formed essentially by the accumulation of wind-blown dust, while stone waste (SW) is an industrial waste produced during stone machining. Utilising loess and SW to prepare environmentally-friendly supplementary cementitious materials can not only address environmental issues caused by solid waste landfills but also meet the demand of reinforcement of coal-seam floor aquifer for grouting materials. In this paper, the effects of the loess/SW mass ratio and calcination temperature on the transformation of calcined products are investigated and their pozzolanic activities are evaluated. The workability, environmental impact and cost of grouting materials based on cement and calcined products are also assessed. Experimental results reveal that higher temperatures favour the formation of free lime and periclase, which tend to be involved in solid-state reactions. Higher temperature and loess/SW mass ratio strengthens the diffraction peaks of dodecalcium hepta-aluminate (C12A7), dicalcium ferrite (C2F) and dicalcium silicate (C2S). The clay minerals in loess become completely dehydroxylated before 825 °C, generating amorphous SiO2 and Al2O3. Covalent Si-O bonds are interrupted and that disordered silicate networks are generated in the calcined products, which is confirmed by the increased strength of the Si29 resonance region at -60 ppm to -80 ppm. Although co-calcined loess and SW contain the most four-fold aluminium at 950 °C, recrystallisation depresses the pozzolanic activity. Hence, the loess/SW sample designated LS2-825 exhibits the better hydration activity. Additionally, grouting materials composed of cement and LS2-825 exhibit good setting times, fluidity, strength and a low carbon footprint in practical engineering applications, and they also provide the additional benefit of being cost effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhang
- School of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- School of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
| | - Hao Bai
- School of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
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Mañosa J, Calderón A, Salgado-Pizarro R, Maldonado-Alameda A, Chimenos JM. Research evolution of limestone calcined clay cement (LC 3), a promising low-carbon binder - A comprehensive overview. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25117. [PMID: 38322926 PMCID: PMC10845685 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) is a recently developed binder with huge potential to reduce the clinker factor in cement and the environmental impact. This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of the research on LC3 by conducting a bibliometric analysis, evaluating key metrics such as publications, authorships, sources, or countries, to provide greater knowledge and a strategic vision of this technology. This work provides an important perspective of the field and elucidates the research trends and path that the LC3 technology followed from its beginning to date. The analysis reveals a noticeable increase in technology readiness and researchers' interest, as indicated by a significant rise in publications' number over time. Also, the authorship metrics reveal an important cooperation between communities in the development of this technology. The research on LC3 is essential since the technology is a viable and reliable approach to decreasing the cement industry's carbon footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jofre Mañosa
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Calderón
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebeca Salgado-Pizarro
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Maldonado-Alameda
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundación Centro Tecnológico de Investigación Multisectorial (CETIM), Parque empresarial de Alvedro, Rúa H, 20, 15180 Culleredo, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Josep M. Chimenos
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Nouping Fekoua JN, Venyite P, Bila S, Kamseu E, Bebga G, Hanuskova M, Poggetto GD, Rossignol S, Leonelli C. Natural iron-aluminosilicate as potential solid precursor for supplementary cementitious materials: A comparative study with other aluminosilicates. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17750. [PMID: 37539268 PMCID: PMC10395145 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the geographic and climatic conditions on laterites properties and on geopolymerization based-laterite. Four different laterite deposits in the four geographical zones of Cameroon were studied. This included the center, north, south and west corners of Cameroon, having chemical composition of SiO2 + Al2O3 + Fe2O3 = 88.94, 87.6, 89.13 and 78.97%, respectively. The center and south laterites from the black forest, with high pluviometry and relative humidity, show significant amounts of Fe2O3. While the west laterite from grass field - mountainous areas and the north-laterite from plain arid and semi-arid climate still show lower iron concentrations. The IR absorption bands of the different laterites appear between 1007 and 1047 cm-1; characteristic bands of aluminosilicate. The BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) Specific surface area values are comprised in the range of [21.9, 24.1 m2/g] for non-calcined laterite and between [45.6 and 123.5 m2/g] for laterites calcined at 550 °C and 575 °C. The main particle size values are 5.71, 6.37, 7.43 and 8.45 μm for center-laterite, west-laterite, north laterite and south-laterite, respectively. Although, they differ in the degree of laterization, all the laterites present almost total conversion to geopolymers, due to the presence of amorphous kaolinite and reactive goethite. However, the iron content has significant impact on the globular microstructure. The particle size of laterites, their high values of BET surface area and their significant reactivity make them promising substitutes to metakaolin and other supplementary cementitious materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle Nadia Nouping Fekoua
- Laboratory of Applied Inorganic Chemistry, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Laboratory of Materials, Local Materials Promotion Authority, MINRESI/MIPROMALO, P.O. Box 2396, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- UMR CNRS 7315, CEC, Institut de Recherche sur les Céramiques (IRCER), Université de Limoges, 12 Rue Atlantis, Limoges, France
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, High Teacher Training College, University of Yaound′e I, P.O. Box 47, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Paul Venyite
- Laboratory of Applied Inorganic Chemistry, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Laboratory of Materials, Local Materials Promotion Authority, MINRESI/MIPROMALO, P.O. Box 2396, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Seunkole Bila
- Laboratory of Mechanical and Civil Engineering- Polytechnic National High School of Yaounde, Universitu of YaoundeI, P.O.Box 8390, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Elie Kamseu
- Laboratory of Materials, Local Materials Promotion Authority, MINRESI/MIPROMALO, P.O. Box 2396, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ViaP. Vicarelli 10, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Gouet Bebga
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, High Teacher Training College, University of Yaound′e I, P.O. Box 47, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Myriam Hanuskova
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ViaP. Vicarelli 10, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Dal Poggetto
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ViaP. Vicarelli 10, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Sylvie Rossignol
- UMR CNRS 7315, CEC, Institut de Recherche sur les Céramiques (IRCER), Université de Limoges, 12 Rue Atlantis, Limoges, France
| | - Cristina Leonelli
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ViaP. Vicarelli 10, 41125, Modena, Italy
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Wang F, Long G, Bai M, Shi Y, Zhou JL. Feasibility of low-carbon electrolytic manganese residue-based supplementary cementitious materials. Sci Total Environ 2023; 883:163672. [PMID: 37100130 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the electrolytic manganese residues (EMR) were used as sulfate activators for fly ash and granulated blast-furnace slag to fabricate highly reactive supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The findings promote the implementation of a win-win strategy for carbon reduction and waste resource utilisation. The effects of EMR dosing on the mechanical properties, microstructure and CO2 emission of the EMR-doped cementitious materials are investigated. The results show that low dosing EMR (5 %) produced more ettringite, fostering early strength development. The fly ash-doped mortar strength increases and then decreases with the addition of EMR from 0 to 5 % to 5-20 %. It was found that blast furnace slag contributes less to strength than fly ash. Moreover, the sulfate activation and the micro-aggregate effect compensate for the EMR-induced dilution effect. The significant increase in strength contribution factor and direct strength ratio at each age verifies the sulfate activation of EMR. The lowest EIF90 value of 5.4 kg∙MPa-1∙m3 was achieved for the fly ash-doped mortar with 5 % EMR, suggesting the synergistic effect between fly ash and EMR optimised the mechanical properties while maintaining lower CO2 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, 68 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410075, China.
| | - Guangcheng Long
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, 68 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410075, China.
| | - Min Bai
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, 68 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410075, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, 68 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410075, China
| | - John L Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, 68 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410075, China; Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Jhatial AA, Kumar A, Bheel N, Sohu S, Goh WI. Assessing the sustainability and cost-effectiveness of concrete incorporating various fineness of eggshell powder as supplementary cementitious material. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:84814-84826. [PMID: 35790628 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21635-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The eggshell powder (ESP) has been used as a partial cement replacement to reduce the cement content in concrete production. According to recent estimates, cement production contributes to 7% of global Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas emissions. However, most of the studies so far have focused on the mechanical strength aspect of the concrete incorporating ESP; however, there is a lack of information on the influence of ESP on the sustainability of concrete in terms of embodied carbon and eco-strength efficiency. Therefore, this study aims at determining the influence of ESP on the sustainability and cost of an M40 grade concrete when different fineness ESP (50 µm and 100 µm) is utilized as partial cement replacement. The sustainability was assessed in terms of embodied carbon and eco-strength efficiency, while the cost-effectiveness was determined in terms of the overall cost of concrete and cost to produce unit compressive strength. It was observed that the control M40 concrete mix achieved a total embodied carbon of 482.88 kgCO2/m3. With 5 to 15% ESP of 100 µm fineness, the total embodied carbon was successfully reduced, ranging from 3.86 to 11.60%. While 5 to 15% of 50 µm fineness, the reduction ranged from 3.69 to 11.10%. The 50 µm fineness ESP exhibited slightly lower eco-strength efficiency compared to 100 µm fineness ESP; however, both achieved relatively higher eco-strength efficiency. In terms of cost, the inclusion of ESP resulted in a significant reduction in overall cost and was cheaper to produce 1 MPa compressive strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaque Ahmed Jhatial
- Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Campus, Khairpur Mirs' 66020, Sindh, Pakistan.
| | - Aneel Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, 76062, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Naraindas Bheel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750, Bandar Seri IskandarTronoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Samiullah Sohu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Quaid-E-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology, Larkana, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Wan Inn Goh
- Jamilus Research Center, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
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Nasir M, Adesina A, Ibrahim M, Khan MU, Baghabra Al-Amoudi OS, Imran Ali S, Maslehuddin M, Saqer Alotaibi K. Role of casting and curing conditions on the strength and drying shrinkage of greener concrete. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:72598-72610. [PMID: 35610454 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20924-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The shrinkage of cement-based materials is a critical dimensional property that needs proper attention as it can influence the corresponding characteristics especially when the preparation of such cement-based material is done in hot weather. Studies have shown that the casting or curing conditions influence the performance of concrete. However, there is limited understanding of the combined role of casting temperature and curing conditions, especially for concrete made with unconventional binders. In this study, five supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) were utilized as the substitute of the ordinary Portland cement (OPC) at different ratios to produce greener concrete and improve its characteristics and sustainability. The influence of four casting temperatures (i.e., 25 °C, 32 °C, 38 °C, and 45 °C) and two curing regimes (i.e., covering of samples using wet burlap and applying curing compound on the surface of samples) on the corresponding compressive strength and drying shrinkage at various ages was studied. The outcomes of this research revealed that the composition of the binders has a substantial impact on the characteristics of concrete. In addition, the casting temperature and curing regimes also have a huge role on the compressive strength of concrete produced with binary binders. For example, the compressive strength at 3 days of concrete made at 25 °C made with binary binders was reduced up to 31% compared to that made with only OPC as the binder when cured using wet burlap. Nonetheless, less than 38 ℃ was suitable to minimize the durability issues in the studied blended cement mixes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nasir
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeyemi Adesina
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.
| | - Mohammed Ibrahim
- Center for Engineering Research, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Umar Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Omar S Baghabra Al-Amoudi
- Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Imran Ali
- Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Maslehuddin
- Center for Engineering Research, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Saqer Alotaibi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Adhikary SK, Ashish DK, Rudžionis Ž. A review on sustainable use of agricultural straw and husk biomass ashes: Transitioning towards low carbon economy. Sci Total Environ 2022; 838:156407. [PMID: 35660583 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to mitigate the problems associated with the deposition of biomass ashes, it becomes essential to use these materials efficiently. One solution to the problem is utilization of these wastes in the concrete industry. Due to the massive development of infrastructure, the demand for cement is tremendously rising which results in the surge of cement concrete by 30 billion tonnes every year. Plant-based straw and husk ashes are residual waste containing high amounts of silica, which can also be accommodated as a pozzolanic material in concrete. This study presents a complete review of various husk and straw ashes and their impacts on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete including its preparation, microstructure, workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength. Special emphasis has been given to the durability characteristics of concrete focussing on porosity, water penetration, carbonation, acid resistance, sulphate, and chloride attack. The data gathered shows that fineness of ashes provides filler and pore refinement effect and gains additional hydration products, resulting in an improvement of the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. The addition of ashes as supplementary cementitious materials in concrete enhances the mechanical performance up to a certain replacement. The optimum level of replacement for rice husk ash, wheat straw ash, and sugarcane straw ash was observed at 10-20%. While wheat husk ash, groundnut husk ash, rice straw ash, and millet husk ash provide optimum strength gains at 10% replacement of OPC. An increase in the replacement content of mostly ashes has a positive effect on water absorption and resistance to acid, sulphate, and chloride attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Adhikary
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, LT 44249, Lithuania.
| | - Deepankar Kumar Ashish
- Department of Civil Engineering, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi 174103, India.
| | - Žymantas Rudžionis
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, LT 44249, Lithuania
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Ren P, Ling TC, Mo KH. CO 2 pretreatment of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and its feasible use as supplementary cementitious material. J Hazard Mater 2022; 424:127457. [PMID: 34653858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA) was pretreated with CO2 via slurry carbonation (SC) and dry carbonation coupled with subsequent water washing (DCW). Both the treated MSWIFAs were then used as cement replacement in cement pastes by weight of 10%, 20% and 30% to investigate the influence on hydration mechanisms, physico-mechanical characteristics and leaching properties. The results showed that carbonates formed on the surface of SC-MSWIFA particles were finer (primarily 20-50 nm calcite) than those from the corresponding DCW-MSWIFA (mostly 130-200 nm vaterite). Hence, SC-MSWIFA blended cement pastes led to shorter setting time and higher early compressive strength than the DCW-MSWIFA pastes. In contrast, the presence of vaterite-rich DCW-MSWIFA in the blended cement pastes could accelerate the cement hydration after 24 h. Both the CO2-pretreated MSWIFA can replace cement up to 30% without sacrificing the long-term strength and mechanical properties of cement pastes, demonstrating excellent performance as a supplementary cementitious material. Moreover, volume stability in terms of expansion and lead leaching of CO2-pretreated MSWIFA cement pastes were far below the regulatory limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Ren
- College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Tung-Chai Ling
- College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.
| | - Kim Hung Mo
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Alonso MM, Suárez-Navarro JA, Pérez-Sanz R, Gascó C, Moreno de Los Reyes AM, Lanzón M, Blanco-Varela MT, Puertas F. Data on natural radionuclide's activity concentration of cement-based materials. Data Brief 2020; 33:106488. [PMID: 33241096 PMCID: PMC7672271 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cement based materials may contain varying levels of radionuclides, mainly 226Ra (from the 238U series), 232Th and 40K, which are used to determine the Activity Concentration Index ("ACI"). According to the European directive Euratom 2013/59 in these materials, the “ACI” must be < 1 to be suitable for their use in construction. In this paper, data on the activity concentration of natural radionuclides in cement-based materials (i.e. cements, additions, pigments and aggregates) as well as their chemical composition are presented. Radioactivity measurements have been determined by using gamma spectroscopy the chemical compositions have been determined by X-Ray Fluorescence. Data for cements measured shown that white cements present a lower concentration of activity than conventional CEM I. In addition, the CAC (Calcium aluminate cements) present high activity concentration in the 232Th series. Regarding additions, FA (Fly Ash) are those that present the highest concentration of activity in the 238U and 232Th series, while olive biomass ashes are those supplementary cementitious materials that show the highest concentration of activity for 40K. Some pigments used in mortar and concrete technology were also characterized. Granitic and volcanic rocks, potentially used as aggregates present much higher activity concentration than the siliceous aggregate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Alonso
- Eduardo Torroja Institute for Construction Sciences, (IETcc-CSIC), Madrid-Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - M Lanzón
- Departamento de Arquitectura y Tecnología de la Edificación, ETSAE, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (UPCT), Cartagena, Spain
| | - M T Blanco-Varela
- Eduardo Torroja Institute for Construction Sciences, (IETcc-CSIC), Madrid-Spain
| | - F Puertas
- Eduardo Torroja Institute for Construction Sciences, (IETcc-CSIC), Madrid-Spain
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Simonsen AMT, Solismaa S, Hansen HK, Jensen PE. Evaluation of mine tailings' potential as supplementary cementitious materials based on chemical, mineralogical and physical characteristics. Waste Manag 2020; 102:710-721. [PMID: 31805444 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to reduce emissions of CO2 from cement production and avoid severe environmental pollution from the deposition of mine waste, this study investigated the possibility of utilizing mine tailings as supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) for partially replacement of cement in concrete. This study provides a characterization study of mine tailings to evaluate their potential for contributing chemically or physically as SCM. 13 mine tailing samples were characterized in regards to chemical composition (XRF, Loss on Ignition, CaCO3 and pH), mineralogical content (XRD) and physical characteristics (Grain size distribution, Specific Surface Area, SEM-analysis). The characterization study showed five mine tailings to possess potential chemical contribution as SCM based on their chemical composition (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and CaO) and amorphous content. Three mine tailings showed potential physical contribution as SCM based on grain size and grain morphology. The remainder mine tailing characteristics suggest that their potential as SCM may be improved by pretreatment such as milling and/or thermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Mette T Simonsen
- Arctic Technology Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 118, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Soili Solismaa
- Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), P.O. Box 1237, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henrik K Hansen
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Pernille E Jensen
- Arctic Technology Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 118, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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Kucharczyk S, Sitarz M, Zajac M, Deja J. The effect of CaO/SiO 2 molar ratio of CaO-Al 2O 3-SiO 2 glasses on their structure and reactivity in alkali activated system. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 194:163-171. [PMID: 29331818 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The influence of CaO/SiO2 molar ratio of calcium aluminosilicate glasses on resulting structure and reactivity was investigated. Chemical compositions of glasses were chosen to mimic the composition of the fly ash and slag amorphous phase. Understanding the reactivity of these materials is of high importance allowing further development of the composite cements to limit the environmental footprint of cement industry. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy were employed to examine the structure of glasses. Reactivity of the glasses was analyzed on paste samples after 1, 2, 7, 28 and 90days of curing by means of thermogravimetry (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR. Spectroscopic results emphasize dependence of the structure on the chemical composition of the glasses. The higher CaO/SiO2 the more depolymerized the glass network is, though there is no direct correlation with the reactivity. Significant differences in reactivity is observed primarily between the glasses of peraluminous (CaO/Al2O3<1) and percalcic region (CaO/Al2O3>1). Amongst the pastes made of glasses of percalcic region a higher degree of reaction at later ages is observed for the paste containing glass of lower CaO/SiO2 molar ratio. This is due to both degree of depolimerization and the nature of these glasses (pozzolanic and hydraulic materials). No difference of degree of reaction has been observed within the glasses of CaO/SiO2 lower than 1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maciej Sitarz
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, 30-059, Poland.
| | - Maciej Zajac
- HeidelbergCement Technology Center GmbH, Oberklamweg 2-4, 69181 Leimen, Germany.
| | - Jan Deja
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, 30-059, Poland.
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Taylor-Lange SC, Juenger MCG, Siegel JA. Radon emanation fractions from concretes containing fly ash and metakaolin. Sci Total Environ 2014; 466-467:1060-1065. [PMID: 24013016 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Radon ((222)Rn) and progenies emanate from soil and building components and can create an indoor air quality hazard. In this study, nine concrete constituents, including the supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) fly ash and metakaolin, were used to create eleven different concrete mixtures. We investigated the effect of constituent radium specific activity, radon effective activity and emanation fraction on the concrete emanation fraction and the radon exhalation rate. Given the serious health effects associated with radionuclide exposure, experimental results were coupled with Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate predictive differences in the indoor radon concentration due to concrete mixture design. The results from this study show that, on average, fly ash constituents possessed radium specific activities ranging from 100 Bq/kg to 200 Bq/kg and emanation fractions ranging from 1.1% to 2.5%. The lowest emitting concrete mixture containing fly ash resulted in a 3.4% reduction in the concrete emanation fraction, owing to the relatively low emanation that exists when fly ash is part of concrete. On average, the metakaolin constituents contained radium specific activities ranging from 67 Bq/kg to 600 Bq/kg and emanation fractions ranging from 8.4% to 15.5%, and changed the total concrete emanation fraction by roughly ±5% relative to control samples. The results from this study suggest that SCMs can reduce indoor radon exposure from concrete, contingent upon SCM radionucleotide content and emanation fraction. Lastly, the experimental results provide SCM-specific concrete emanation fractions for indoor radon exposure modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Taylor-Lange
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, 1 University Station C1748, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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