Distribution of elements in teeth and inhibition of demineralization by titanium fluoride: Effects of concentration and pH in a titanium fluoride solution

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of titanium fluoride (TiF₄) concentration and pH on fluoride distribution and demineralization of root dentin surfaces. Concentrations of 0.1%, 1%, and 2% TiF₄ (pH 1), 1% TiF₄ solution adjusted to pH 4, 5, 6, and 1.35% sodium fluoride (NaF) solution were applied to root dentin surfaces. Each specimen was subjected to pH cycling (pH: 4.5-7.0) for 4 weeks. Lesion depth and calcium, fluorine, and titanium distribution were then evaluated. Our limited study indicates that lesion depth and fluorine and titanium distribution in dentin depend on the concentration of a TiF₄ solution. We also found that a 1% TiF₄ solution adjusted to a pH 4-6 can reduce demineralization as effectively as a similar concentration of NaF.