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Martin IM, Aponte-Santamaría C, Schmidt L, Hedtfeld M, Iusupov A, Musacchio A, Gräter F. Phosphorylation tunes elongation propensity and cohesiveness of INCENP's intrinsically disordered region. J Mol Biol 2021; 434:167387. [PMID: 34883116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The inner centromere protein, INCENP, is crucial for correct chromosome segregation during mitosis. It connects the kinase Aurora B to the inner centromere allowing this kinase to dynamically access its kinetochore targets. However, the function of its central, 440-residue long intrinsically disordered region (IDR) and its multiple phosphorylation sites is unclear. Here, we determined the conformational ensemble of INCENP's IDR, systematically varying the level of phosphorylation, using all-atom and coarse-grain molecular dynamics simulations. Our simulations show that phosphorylation expands INCENP's IDR, both locally and globally, mainly by increasing its overall net charge. The disordered region undergoes critical globule-to-coil conformational transitions and the transition temperature non-monotonically depends on the degree of phosphorylation, with a mildly phosphorylated case of neutral net charge featuring the highest collapse propensity. The IDR transitions from a multitude of globular states, accompanied by several specific internal contacts that reduce INCENP length by loop formation, to weakly interacting and highly extended coiled conformations. Phosphorylation critically shifts the population between these two regimes. It thereby influences cohesiveness and phase behavior of INCENP IDR assemblies, a feature presumably relevant for INCENP's function in the chromosomal passenger complex. Overall, we propose the disordered region of INCENP to act as a phosphorylation-regulated and length-variable component, within the previously defined "dog-leash" model, that thereby regulates how Aurora B reaches its targets for proper chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel M Martin
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany. https://twitter.com/@IsabelMMartin
| | - Camilo Aponte-Santamaría
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; Max Planck Tandem Group in Computational Biophysics, University of Los Andes, Cra. 1 #18a-12, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia. https://twitter.com/@camiloapontelab
| | - Lisa Schmidt
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marius Hedtfeld
- Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Living Matter, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Adel Iusupov
- Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Max Planck School Matter to Life, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Musacchio
- Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. https://twitter.com/@AndreaMusacchi1
| | - Frauke Gräter
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; Max Planck School Matter to Life, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, INF 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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2
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Fischböck-Halwachs J, Singh S, Potocnjak M, Hagemann G, Solis-Mezarino V, Woike S, Ghodgaonkar-Steger M, Weissmann F, Gallego LD, Rojas J, Andreani J, Köhler A, Herzog F. The COMA complex interacts with Cse4 and positions Sli15/Ipl1 at the budding yeast inner kinetochore. eLife 2019; 8:42879. [PMID: 31112132 PMCID: PMC6546395 DOI: 10.7554/elife.42879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinetochores are macromolecular protein complexes at centromeres that ensure accurate chromosome segregation by attaching chromosomes to spindle microtubules and integrating safeguard mechanisms. The inner kinetochore is assembled on CENP-A nucleosomes and has been implicated in establishing a kinetochore-associated pool of Aurora B kinase, a chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) subunit, which is essential for chromosome biorientation. By performing crosslink-guided in vitro reconstitution of budding yeast kinetochore complexes we showed that the Ame1/Okp1CENP-U/Q heterodimer, which forms the COMA complex with Ctf19/Mcm21CENP-P/O, selectively bound Cse4CENP-A nucleosomes through the Cse4 N-terminus. The Sli15/Ipl1INCENP/Aurora-B core-CPC interacted with COMA in vitro through the Ctf19 C-terminus whose deletion affected chromosome segregation fidelity in Sli15 wild-type cells. Tethering Sli15 to Ame1/Okp1 rescued synthetic lethality upon Ctf19 depletion in a Sli15 centromere-targeting deficient mutant. This study shows molecular characteristics of the point-centromere kinetochore architecture and suggests a role for the Ctf19 C-terminus in mediating CPC-binding and accurate chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Fischböck-Halwachs
- Gene Center Munich, Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sylvia Singh
- Gene Center Munich, Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Mia Potocnjak
- Gene Center Munich, Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Götz Hagemann
- Gene Center Munich, Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Victor Solis-Mezarino
- Gene Center Munich, Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Woike
- Gene Center Munich, Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Medini Ghodgaonkar-Steger
- Gene Center Munich, Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Weissmann
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura D Gallego
- Max F Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julie Rojas
- Laboratory of Chromosome Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jessica Andreani
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alwin Köhler
- Max F Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Herzog
- Gene Center Munich, Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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3
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Schecher S, Walter B, Falkenstein M, Macher-Goeppinger S, Stenzel P, Krümpelmann K, Hadaschik B, Perner S, Kristiansen G, Duensing S, Roth W, Tagscherer KE. Cyclin K dependent regulation of Aurora B affects apoptosis and proliferation by induction of mitotic catastrophe in prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:1643-1653. [PMID: 28670704 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin K plays a critical role in transcriptional regulation as well as cell development. However, the role of Cyclin K in prostate cancer is unknown. Here, we describe the impact of Cyclin K on prostate cancer cells and examine the clinical relevance of Cyclin K as a biomarker for patients with prostate cancer. We show that Cyclin K depletion in prostate cancer cells induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation accompanied by an accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase. Moreover, knockdown of Cyclin K causes mitotic catastrophe displayed by multinucleation and spindle multipolarity. Furthermore, we demonstrate a Cyclin K dependent regulation of the mitotic kinase Aurora B and provide evidence for an Aurora B dependent induction of mitotic catastrophe. In addition, we show that Cyclin K expression is associated with poor biochemical recurrence-free survival in patients with prostate cancer treated with an adjuvant therapy. In conclusion, targeting Cyclin K represents a novel, promising anti-cancer strategy to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death through induction of mitotic catastrophe in prostate cancer cells. Moreover, our results indicate that Cyclin K is a putative predictive biomarker for clinical outcome and therapy response for patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Schecher
- Molecular Tumor-Pathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Britta Walter
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Falkenstein
- Molecular Urooncology, Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Macher-Goeppinger
- Molecular Tumor-Pathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Stenzel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Boris Hadaschik
- Department of Urology, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany.,Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Perner
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, 23538 Luebeck and 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Duensing
- Molecular Urooncology, Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilfried Roth
- Molecular Tumor-Pathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katrin E Tagscherer
- Molecular Tumor-Pathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Xingyu Z, Peijie M, Dan P, Youg W, Daojun W, Xinzheng C, Xijun Z, Yangrong S. Quercetin suppresses lung cancer growth by targeting Aurora B kinase. Cancer Med 2016; 5:3156-3165. [PMID: 27704720 PMCID: PMC5119971 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
aurora B kinase is highly expressed in several cancer cells and promotes tumorigenesis and progression, and therefore, it is an important target for drug to treat tumors. Quercetin was identified to be an antitumor agent. Herein, we report for the first time that quercetin inhibited aurora B activities by directly binding with aurora B in vitro and in vivo. Ex vivo studies showed that quercetin inhibited aurora B activities in JB6 Cl41 cells and A549 lung cancer cells. Moreover, knockdown of aurora B in A549 cells decreased their sensitivities to quercetin. In vivo study demonstrated that injection of quercetin in A549 tumor‐bearing mice effectively suppressed cancer growth. The phosphorylation of histone 3 in tumor tissues was also decreased after quercetin treatment. In short, quercetin can suppress growth of lung cancer cells as an aurora B inhibitor both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Xingyu
- Department of Respiratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Shanxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, China
| | - Ma Peijie
- Department of Pharmacy, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, 721008, China
| | - Peng Dan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, China
| | - Wang Youg
- Department of Chest Surgery, Ankang Central Hospital of Shanxi Province, Ankang, Shanxi, 725000, China
| | - Wang Daojun
- Department of Chest Surgery, Ankang Central Hospital of Shanxi Province, Ankang, Shanxi, 725000, China
| | - Chen Xinzheng
- Department of Nephrological, Baoji city chinese medicine hospital, Baoji, 721001, China
| | - Zhang Xijun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chang 'an Hospital in Xi'an, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710016, China
| | - Song Yangrong
- Department of Chest Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shannxi Province, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Amaral
- a Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Barcelona , Spain.,b Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Nicola Brownlow
- a Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Barcelona , Spain.,b Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Manuel Mendoza
- a Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Barcelona , Spain.,b Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) , Barcelona , Spain
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Verzijlbergen KF, Nerusheva OO, Kelly D, Kerr A, Clift D, de Lima Alves F, Rappsilber J, Marston AL. Shugoshin biases chromosomes for biorientation through condensin recruitment to the pericentromere. eLife 2014; 3:e01374. [PMID: 24497542 PMCID: PMC3910079 DOI: 10.7554/elife.01374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To protect against aneuploidy, chromosomes must attach to microtubules from opposite poles (‘biorientation’) prior to their segregation during mitosis. Biorientation relies on the correction of erroneous attachments by the aurora B kinase, which destabilizes kinetochore-microtubule attachments that lack tension. Incorrect attachments are also avoided because sister kinetochores are intrinsically biased towards capture by microtubules from opposite poles. Here, we show that shugoshin acts as a pericentromeric adaptor that plays dual roles in biorientation in budding yeast. Shugoshin maintains the aurora B kinase at kinetochores that lack tension, thereby engaging the error correction machinery. Shugoshin also recruits the chromosome-organizing complex, condensin, to the pericentromere. Pericentromeric condensin biases sister kinetochores towards capture by microtubules from opposite poles. Our findings uncover the molecular basis of the bias to sister kinetochore capture and expose shugoshin as a pericentromeric hub controlling chromosome biorientation. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01374.001 When a cell divides to create two new daughter cells, it must produce a copy of each of its chromosomes. It is important that each daughter cell gets just one copy of each chromosome. If an error occurs and one cell gets two copies of a single chromosome, it can lead to cancer or birth defects. Fortunately, there are multiple checks to ensure that this does not happen. During cell division the chromosomes line up in a way that increases the likelihood that each daughter cell will have one copy of each chromosome. After this process—which is called biorientation—is completed, microtubules pull the chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell, which then divides. Proteins called shugoshin proteins are known to be involved in biorientation in many organisms. These proteins are found in a region called the pericentromere, which surrounds the area on the chromosomes that the microtubules attach to, but the details of their involvement in biorientation are not fully understood. Now Verzijlbergen et al. have exploited sophisticated genetic techniques in yeast to explore how shugoshin proteins work. These experiments showed that the shugoshin protein helps to recruit condensin—a protein that keeps the DNA organized within the chromosome—to the pericentromere to assist with biorientation. It also keeps aurora B kinase—one of the enzymes that helps to correct errors during cell division—in the pericentromere when a microtubule attaches to the wrong chromosome. These results help us understand how a ‘hub’ in the pericentromere ensures biorientation. The next challenge will be to understand how this hub is disassembled after biorientation to allow error-free cell division to proceed. As shugoshins have been found to be damaged in some cancers, understanding the workings of this hub could also shed new light on how they contribute to disease. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01374.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitty F Verzijlbergen
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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