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Xu L, He L, Li Y, Cai T, Zhang J, Chu Z, Shen X, Cai R, Shi H, Zhu C. Stimuli-triggered multilayer films in response to temperature and ionic strength changes for controlled favipiravir drug release. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:035004. [PMID: 38364282 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2a3b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The block copolymer micelles and natural biopolymers were utilized to form layer-by-layer (LbL) films via electrostatic interaction, which were able to effectively load and controllably release favipiravir, a potential drug for the treatment of coronavirus epidemic. The LbL films demonstrated reversible swelling/shrinking behavior along with the manipulation of temperature, which could also maintain the integrity in the structure and the morphology. Due to dehydration of environmentally responsive building blocks, the drug release rate from the films was decelerated by elevating environmental temperature and ionic strength. In addition, the pulsed release of favipiravir was observed from the multilayer films under the trigger of temperature, which ensured the precise control in the content of the therapeutic reagents at a desired time point. The nanoparticle-based LbL films could be used for on-demandin vitrorelease of chemotherapeutic reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang He
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinzhao Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingwei Cai
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- N.O.D topia (GuangZhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510599, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Chu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Shen
- China Tobacco Jiangsu Industrial Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210019, People's Republic of China
| | - Raymond Cai
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Shi
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyin Zhu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
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2
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Höppener C, Elter JK, Schacher FH, Deckert V. Inside Block Copolymer Micelles-Tracing Interfacial Influences on Crosslinking Efficiency in Nanoscale Confined Spaces. Small 2023; 19:e2206451. [PMID: 36806886 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, several studies have demonstrated the excellent capabilities of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopyfor in-depth investigations of structural properties of matter with unprecedented resolution and chemical specificity. These capabilities are utilized here to study the internal structure of core-crosslinked micelles, which are formed by self-assembly of the diblock terpolymer poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(furfuryl glycidylether-co-tert-butylglycidyl ether). Supplementing force-volume atomic force microscopy experiments address additionally the nanomechanical properties. Particularly, TERS enables investigating the underlying principles influencing the homogeneity and efficiency of the Diels-Alder core-crosslinking process in the confined hydrophobic core. While the central core region is homogenously crosslinked, a breakdown of the crosslinking reaction is observed in the core-corona interfacial region. The results corroborate that a strong crosslinking efficiency is directly correlated to the formation of a mixed zone of the glycidyl ether and PEO corona blocks reaching ≈5 nm into the core region. Concomitantly a strong exclusion of the encapsulated bismaleimide crosslinker from the interfacial region is observed. It is conceivable that a changed structure, chemical composition and altered nanomechanical properties of this interfacial region may also influence the crosslinking efficiency across the entire core region by a modification of the solubility of the crosslinker in the interfacial core-corona region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Höppener
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Johanna K Elter
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University, Lessingstraße 8, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Felix H Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University, Lessingstraße 8, D-07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Volker Deckert
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, D-07745, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743, Jena, Germany
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3
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Santos JF, Azevedo R, Prudêncio M, Marques F, Le Gal Y, Lorcy D, Fernandes C. Block Copolymer Micelles Encapsulating Au(III) Bis(Dithiolene) Complexes as Promising Nanostructures with Antiplasmodial Activity. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15031030. [PMID: 36986890 PMCID: PMC10058554 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15031030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Block copolymer micelles (BCMs) can be used to improve the solubility of lipophilic drugs and increase their circulation half-life. Hence, BCMs assembled from MePEG-b-PCL were evaluated as drug delivery systems of gold(III) bis(dithiolene) complexes (herein AuS and AuSe) to be employed as antiplasmodial drugs. These complexes exhibited remarkable antiplasmodial activity against liver stages of the Plasmodiumberghei parasite, and low toxicity in a model of zebrafish embryos. To improve the complexes' solubility, BCMs were loaded with AuS, AuSe, and the reference drug primaquine (PQ). PQ-BCMs (Dh = 50.9 ± 2.8 nm), AuSe-BCMs (Dh = 87.1 ± 9.7 nm), and AuS-BCMs (Dh = 72.8 ± 3.1 nm) were obtained with a loading efficiency of 82.5%, 55.5%, and 77.4%, respectively. HPLC analysis and UV-Vis spectrophotometry showed that the compounds did not suffer degradation after encapsulation in BCMs. In vitro release studies suggest that AuS/AuSe-BCMs present a more controlled release compared with PQ-loaded BCMs. The antiplasmodial hepatic activity of the drugs was assessed in vitro and results indicate that both complexes present higher inhibitory activity than PQ, although encapsulated AuS and AuSe presented lower activity than their non-encapsulated counterparts. Nevertheless, these results suggest that the use of BCMs as delivery vehicles for lipophilic metallodrugs, particularly AuS and AuSe, could enable the controlled release of complexes and improve their biocompatibility, constituting a promising alternative to conventional antimalarial treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana F Santos
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Raquel Azevedo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Prudêncio
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Yann Le Gal
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR 6226, Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lorcy
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR 6226, Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Célia Fernandes
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
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Sousa A, Santos JF, Silva F, Sousa SA, Leitão JH, Matos AP, Pinheiro T, Silva RAL, Belo D, Almeida M, Marques F, Fernandes C. Antitumoral and Antimicrobial Activities of Block Copolymer Micelles Containing Gold Bisdithiolate Complexes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15. [PMID: 36839886 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold(III) bisdithiolate complexes have been reported as potential antimicrobial and antitumoral agents. The complex [Au(cdc)2]- (cdc=cyanodithioimido carbonate) displayed antimicrobial and outstanding antitumor activity against the ovarian cancer cells A2780 and A2780cisR, which are sensitive and resistant to cisplatin, respectively. However, poor water solubility may hamper its clinical use. Block copolymer micelles (BCMs) may solubilize hydrophobic drugs, improving their bioavailability and circulation time in blood. Aiming to provide water solubility, prolonged availability, and enhanced therapeutic indexes, BCMs loaded with [Au(cdc)2]- were synthesized and characterized. The BCM-[Au(cdc)2] micelles were prepared with a loading efficiency of 64.6% and a loading content of 35.3 mg [Au(cdc)2]-/gBCM. A hydrodynamic diameter of 77.31 ± 27.00 nm and a low polydispersity index of 0.18 indicated that the micelles were homogenous and good candidates for drug delivery. Cytotoxic activity studies against A2780/A2780cisR cells showed that BCM-[Au(cdc)2] maintained relevant cytotoxic activity comparable to the cytotoxicity observed for the same concentration of gold complexes. The Au uptake in A2780 cells, determined by PIXE, was ca. 17% higher for BCMs-[Au(cdc)2] compared to [Au(cdc)2]-. The BCMs-[Au(cdc)2] presented antimicrobial activity against S. aureus Newman and C. glabrata CBS138. These results evidenced the potential of BCM-[Au(cdc)2] for drug delivery and its promising anticancer and antimicrobial activities.
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5
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Elistratova AA, Gubarev AS, Lezov AA, Vlasov PS, Solomatina AI, Liao YC, Chou PT, Tunik SP, Chelushkin PS, Tsvetkov NV. Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers Bearing Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Block: Hydrodynamic Properties in Organic Solvents and Water Micellar Dispersions, Effect of Hydrophobic Block Chemistry on Dispersion Stability and Cytotoxicity. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4361. [PMID: 36297939 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that amphiphilic block copolymers have been studied in detail by various methods both in common solvents and aqueous dispersions, their hydrodynamic description is still incomplete. In this paper, we present a detailed hydrodynamic study of six commercial diblock copolymers featuring the same hydrophilic block (poly(ethylene glycol), PEG; degree of polymerization is ca. 110 ± 25) and the following hydrophobic blocks: polystyrene, PS35-b-PEG115; poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA55-b-PEG95; poly(1,4-butadyene), PBd90-b-PEG130; polyethylene PE40-b-PEG85; poly(dimethylsiloxane), PDMS15-b-PEG115; and poly(ɛ-caprolactone), PCL45-b-PEG115. The hydrodynamic properties of block copolymers are investigated in both an organic solvent (tetrahydrofuran) and in water micellar dispersions by the combination of static/dynamic light scattering, viscometry, and analytical ultracentrifugation. All the micellar dispersions demonstrate bimodal particle distributions: small compact (hydrodynamic redii, Rh ≤ 17 nm) spherical particles ascribed to “conventional” core–shell polymer micelles and larger particles ascribed to micellar clusters. Hydrodynamic invariants are (2.4 ± 0.4) × 10−10 g cm2 s−2 K−1 mol−1/3 for all types of micelles used in the study. For aqueous micellar dispersions, in view of their potential biomedical applications, their critical micelle concentration values and cytotoxicities are also reported. The investigated micelles are stable towards precipitation, possess low critical micelle concentration values (with the exception of PDMS15-b-PEG115), and demonstrate low toxicity towards Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO-K1) cells.
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6
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Muzaffar-Kawasma R, Oded M, Shenhar R. Assembly of Semiconductor Nanorods into Circular Arrangements Mediated by Block Copolymer Micelles. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:2949. [PMID: 35454639 DOI: 10.3390/ma15082949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The collective properties of ordered ensembles of anisotropically shaped nanoparticles depend on the morphology of organization. Here, we describe the utilization of block copolymer micelles to bias the natural packing tendency of semiconductor nanorods and organize them into circularly arranged superstructures. These structures are formed as a result of competition between the segregation tendency of the nanorods in solution and in the polymer melt; when the nanorods are highly compatible with the solvent but prefer to segregate in the melt to the core-forming block, they migrate during annealing toward the core–corona interface, and their superstructure is, thus, templated by the shape of the micelle. The nanorods, in turn, exhibit surfactant-like behavior and protect the micelles from coalescence during annealing. Lastly, the influence of the attributes of the micelles on nanorod organization is also studied. The circular nanorod arrangements and the insights gained in this study add to a growing list of possibilities for organizing metal and semiconductor nanorods that can be achieved using rational design.
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7
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Choi HH, Kim HJ, Oh J, Kim M, Kim Y, Jho JY, Lee KH, Son JG, Park JH. Facile Achievement of Complementary Resistive Switching in Block Copolymer Micelle-Based Resistive Memories. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100686. [PMID: 35084074 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Interest in resistive random access memory (RRAM) has grown rapidly in recent years for realizing ultrahigh density data storage devices. However, sneak currents in these devices can result in misreading of the data, thus limiting the applicability of RRAM. Complementary resistive switching (CRS) memory consisting of two antiserial RRAMs can considerably reduce sneak currents; however, complicated device architectures and manufacturing processes still remain as challenges. Herein, an effective and simple approach for fabricating CRS memory devices using self-assembled block copolymer micelles is reported. Cu ions are selectively placed in the core of polystyrene-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine) spherical micelles, and a hexagonally packed micelle monolayer is prepared through spin-coating. The micelle monolayer can be a symmetrical resistive switching layer, because the micelles and Cu act as dielectric and active metals in memory devices, respectively. The locally enhanced electric field and Joule heating achieved by the structured Cu atoms inside the micelles promote metal ionization and ion migration in a controlled manner, thus allowing for position selectivity during resistive switching. The micelle-based memory device exhibits stable and reliable CRS behavior, with a nonoverlapping and narrow distribution of threshold voltages. Therefore, this approach is promising for fabricating CRS memory devices for high-performance and ultrahigh-density RRAM applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Hyeong Choi
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Oh
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsung Kim
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjin Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Jho
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Gon Son
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyuk Park
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
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8
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Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine lipid bilayers or liposomes at interfaces in aqueous environments can provide extremely efficient lubrication. This is attributed to the hydration lubrication mechanism acting at the highly hydrated phosphocholine-headgroup layers exposed at the outer surface of each bilayer. Micelles exposing such phosphocholine groups could be an attractive alternative to liposomes due to their much easier preparation and structure control, but all studies to date of surfactant micelles have revealed that at relatively low normal stresses the surface layers rupture and friction increases abruptly. Here, we examine surface interactions between three kinds of phosphocholine-exposing micelles with different designed structures: single-tail surfactant micelles, homo-oligomeric micelles, and block copolymer micelles. Normal and shear forces between mica surfaces immersed in solutions of these micelles were measured using a surface force balance. The adsorbed layers on the mica were imaged using atomic force microscope, revealing surface structures ranging from wormlike to spherical micelles. The block copolymer micelles showed relatively low coverage arising from their stabilizing corona and consequently poor lubrication (μ ∼ 10-1). In contrast, the surfactant and homo-oligomeric micelles fully covered the mica surface and demonstrated excellent lubrication (μ ∼ O(10-3)). However, while the boundary layer of single-tailed surfactant micelles degraded under moderate pressure, the homo-oligomeric micellar boundary layer was robust at all applied contact pressures in our study (up to about 5 MPa). We attribute the difference to the much greater energy required to remove a homo-oligomeric molecule from its micelle, resulting in far greater stability under pressure and shear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Lin
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Nir Kampf
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jacob Klein
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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9
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Kumar L, Horechyy A, Bittrich E, Nandan B, Uhlmann P, Fery A. Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Micelles in Selective Solvents: The Effect of Solvent Selectivity on Micelle Formation. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1882. [PMID: 31739558 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the micellar behavior of a series of asymmetric polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) block copolymers in different P4VP-selective alcoholic solvents. The micellar behavior was further correlated with the spectroscopic ellipsometry results obtained on swelling of PS and P4VP polymer films in the corresponding solvent vapors. The time-resolved (in situ) dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements, in combination with (ex situ) electron microscopy imaging, revealed information about the aggregation state of PS-b-P4VP BCP in different alcohols and the effect of heat treatment. The ellipsometry measurements allowed us to estimate the difference in solvent selectivity toward PS/P4VP pair. Both DLS and ellipsometric studies suggested that less polar alcohols (i.e., 1-propanol, 1-butanol, and 1-pentanol) are likely to be close to each other in terms of their selectivity toward PS/P4VP pair, whereas more polar ethanol and methanol show the highest and the lowest affinity toward P4VP, respectively.
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Abstract
Close-packed structures of uniformly sized spheres are ubiquitous across diverse material systems including elements, micelles, and colloidal assemblies. However, the controlled access to a specific symmetry of self-assembled close-packed spherical particles has not been well established. We investigated the ordering of spherical block copolymer micelles in aqueous solutions that was induced by rapid temperature changes referred to as quenching. As a function of quench depth, the quenched self-assembled block copolymer micelles formed three different close-packed structures: face-centered cubic (fcc), random stacking of hexagonal-close-packed layers (rhcp), and hexagonal-close-packed (hcp). The induced hcp and rhcp structures were stable for at least a few weeks when maintained at their quench temperatures, but heating or cooling these hcp and rhcp structures transformed both structures to fcc crystallites with coarsening of the crystal grains, which suggests that these noncubic close-packed structures are intermediate states. Time-resolved scattering experiments prove that the micellar rhcp structures do not originate from the rapid growth of competing close-packed structures. We speculate that the long-lived metastable hcp and rhcp structures originate from the small size of crystal grains, which introduces a nonnegligible Laplace pressure to the crystal domains. The reported transitions from the less stable hcp to the more stable rhcp and fcc are experimental observations of Ostwald's rule manifesting the transition order of the key close-packed structures in the crystallization of close-packed uniform spheres.
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Abstract
Vaccine design has undergone a shift towards the use of purified protein subunit vaccines, which offer increased safety and greater control over antigen specificity, but at the expense of immunogenicity. Here we report the development of a new polymer-based vaccine delivery platform engineered to enhance immunity through the co-delivery of protein antigens and the Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist imiquimod (IMQ). Owing to the preferential solubility of IMQ in fatty acids, a series of block copolymer micelles with a fatty acid-mimetic core comprising lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA), and a poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) corona decorated with pyridyl disulfide ethyl methacrylate (PDSM) moieties for antigen conjugation were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Carriers composed of 50 mole% LMA (LMA50) demonstrated the highest IMQ loading (2.2 w/w%) and significantly enhanced the immunostimulatory capacity of IMQ to induce dendritic cell maturation and proinflammatory cytokine production. Conjugation of a model antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), to the corona of IMQ-loaded LMA50 micelles enhanced in vitro antigen uptake and cross-presentation on MHC class I (MHC-I). A single intranasal (IN) immunization of mice with carriers co-loaded with IMQ and OVA elicited significantly higher pulmonary and systemic CD8+ T cell responses and increased serum IgG titer relative to a soluble formulation of antigen and adjuvant. Collectively, these data demonstrate that rationally designed fatty acid-mimetic micelles enhance intracellular antigen and IMQ delivery and have potential as synthetic vectors for enhancing the immunogenicity of subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Sevimli
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2400 Highland Avenue
| | - Frances C Knight
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place
| | - Pavlo Gilchuk
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Medical Center North.,Department of Veterans Administration Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, 1310 24th Avenue South
| | - Sebastian Joyce
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Medical Center North.,Department of Veterans Administration Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, 1310 24th Avenue South.,Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - John T Wilson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2400 Highland Avenue.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place.,Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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12
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Xie M, Wang S, Singh A, Cooksey TJ, Marquez MD, Bhattarai A, Kourentzi K, Robertson ML. Fluorophore exchange kinetics in block copolymer micelles with varying solvent-fluorophore and solvent-polymer interactions. Soft Matter 2016; 12:6196-205. [PMID: 27383924 PMCID: PMC4973472 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00297h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy was employed to characterize the kinetics of guest exchange in diblock copolymer micelles composed of poly(ethylene oxide-b-ε-caprolactone) (PEO-PCL) diblock copolymers in water/tetrahydrofuran (THF) mixtures which encapsulated fluorophores. The solvent composition (THF content) of the micelle solution was varied as a means of modulating the strength of interactions between the fluorophore and solvent as well as between the micelle core and solvent. A donor-acceptor fluorophore pair was employed consisting of 3,3'-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiO, the donor) and 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI, the acceptor). Through the process of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), energy was transferred from the donor to acceptor when the fluorophores were in close proximity. A micelle solution containing DiO was mixed with a micelle solution containing DiI at t = 0, and the emission spectra of the mixed solution were monitored over time (at an excitation wavelength optimized for the donor). In micelle solutions containing 5 and 10 vol% THF in the bulk solvent, an increase in the acceptor peak intensity maximum occurred over time in the post-mixed solution, accompanied by a decrease in the donor peak intensity maximum, indicating the presence of energy transfer from the donor to the acceptor. At long times, the FRET ratios (acceptor peak intensity divided by the sum of the acceptor and donor peak intensities) were indistinguishable from that determined from pre-mixed micelle solutions of the same THF content (in pre-mixed solutions, DiO and DiI were encapsulated within the same micelle cores). In the micelle solution containing 20 vol% THF, the fluorophore exchange process occurred too quickly to be observed (the FRET ratios measured from the solutions mixed at t = 0 were commensurate to that measured from the pre-mixed solution). A time constant describing the guest exchange process was extracted from the time-dependence of the FRET ratio through fit of an exponential decay. An increase in the THF content in the micelle solution resulted in a decrease in the time constant, and the time constant varied over five orders of magnitude as the THF content was varied from 5-20 vol%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, S222 Engineering Building 1, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, S222 Engineering Building 1, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Avantika Singh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, S222 Engineering Building 1, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Tyler J Cooksey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, S222 Engineering Building 1, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Maria D Marquez
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, S222 Engineering Building 1, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Ashish Bhattarai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, S222 Engineering Building 1, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Katerina Kourentzi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, S222 Engineering Building 1, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Megan L Robertson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, S222 Engineering Building 1, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
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Eetezadi S, De Souza R, Vythilingam M, Lessa Cataldi R, Allen C. Effects of Doxorubicin Delivery Systems and Mild Hyperthermia on Tissue Penetration in 3D Cell Culture Models of Ovarian Cancer Residual Disease. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:3973-85. [PMID: 26394060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Current chemotherapy strategies for second-line treatment of relapsed ovarian cancer are unable to effectively treat residual disease post-cytoreduction. The findings presented herein suggest that tissue penetration of drug is not only an issue for large, unresectable tumors, but also for invisible, microscopic lesions. The present study sought to investigate the potential of a block copolymer micelle (BCM) formulation, which may reduce toxicities of doxorubicin (DOX) in a similar way to pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD, Doxil/Caelyx), while enhancing penetration into tumor tissue and improving intratumoral availability of drug. To achieve this goal, 50 nm-sized BCMs capable of high DOX encapsulation (BCM-DOX) at drug levels ranging from 2 to 7.6 mg/mL were formulated using an ultrafiltration technique. BCM-DOX was evaluated in 2D and 3D cell culture of the human ovarian cancer cell lines HEYA8, OV-90, and SKOV3. Additionally, the current study examines the impact of mild hyperthermia (MHT) on the cytotoxicity of DOX. The BCM-DOX formulation fulfilled the goal of controlling drug release while providing up to 9-fold greater cell monolayer cytotoxicity in comparison to PLD. In 3D cell culture, using multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) as a model of residual disease postsurgery, BCM-DOX achieved the benefits of an extended release formulation of DOX and resulted in improvements in drug accumulation over PLD, while yielding drug levels approaching that achievable by exposure to DOX alone. In comparison to PLD, this translated into superior MCTS growth inhibition in the short term and comparable inhibition in the long term. Overall, although MHT appeared to enhance drug accumulation in HEYA8 MCTS treated with BCM-DOX and DOX alone in the short term, improved growth inhibition of MCTS by MHT was not observed after 48 h of drug treatment. Evaluation of BCM-DOX in comparison to PLD as well as the effects of MHT is warranted in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Eetezadi
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto , 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Raquel De Souza
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto , 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Mirugashini Vythilingam
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto , 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada.,Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rodrigo Lessa Cataldi
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto , 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Christine Allen
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto , 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
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Sakai-Kato K, Nanjo K, Kusuhara H, Nishiyama N, Kataoka K, Kawanishi T, Okuda H, Goda Y. Effect of Knockout of Mdr1a and Mdr1b ABCB1 Genes on the Systemic Exposure of a Doxorubicin-Conjugated Block Copolymer in Mice. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:3175-83. [PMID: 26194248 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We previously elucidated that ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) mediates the efflux of doxorubicin-conjugated block copolymers from HeLa cells. Here, we investigated the role of ABCB1 in the in vivo behavior of a doxorubicin-conjugated polymer in Mdr1a/1b(-/-) mice. The area under the curve for intravenously administered polymer in Mdr1a/1b(-/-) mice was 2.2-fold greater than that in wild-type mice. The polymer was mostly distributed in the liver followed by spleen and less so in the brain, heart, kidney, and lung. The amount of polymer excreted in the urine was significantly decreased in Mdr1a/1b(-/-) mice. The amounts of polymers excreted in the feces were similar in both groups despite the higher systemic exposure in Mdr1a/1b(-/-) mice. Confocal microscopy images showed polymer localized in CD68(+) macrophages in the liver. These results show that knockout of ABCB1 prolonged systemic exposure of the doxorubicin-conjugated polymer in mice. Our results suggest that ABCB1 mediated the excretion of doxorubicin-conjugated polymer in urine and feces. Our results provide valuable information about the behavior of block copolymers in vivo, which is important for evaluating the pharmacokinetics of active substances conjugated to block copolymers or the accumulation of block copolymers in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Sakai-Kato
- Division of Drugs, National Institute of Health Sciences , 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Kunie Nanjo
- Division of Drugs, National Institute of Health Sciences , 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | | | - Nobuhiro Nishiyama
- Polymer Chemistry Division, Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology , R1-11, 4259 Nagatsuda, Midori, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Toru Kawanishi
- National Institute of Health Sciences , 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Haruhiro Okuda
- National Institute of Health Sciences , 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Goda
- Division of Drugs, National Institute of Health Sciences , 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
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Xiao L, Tong Z, Chen Y, Pochan DJ, Sabanayagam CR, Jia X. Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels containing covalently integrated drug depots: implication for controlling inflammation in mechanically stressed tissues. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:3808-19. [PMID: 24093583 PMCID: PMC3856199 DOI: 10.1021/bm4011276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic hydrogels containing covalently integrated soft and deformable drug depots capable of releasing therapeutic molecules in response to mechanical forces are attractive candidates for the treatment of degenerated tissues that are normally load bearing. Herein, radically cross-linkable block copolymer micelles (xBCM) assembled from an amphiphilic block copolymer consisting of hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) partially modified with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and hydrophobic poly(n-butyl acryclate) (PnBA) were employed as the drug depots and the microscopic cross-linkers for the preparation of hyaluronic acid (HA)-based, hydrogels. HA hydrogels containing covalently integrated micelles (HAxBCM) were prepared by radical polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)-modified HA (HAGMA) in the presence of xBCMs. When micelles prepared from the parent PAA-b-PnBA without any polymerizable double bonds were used, hydrogels containing physically entrapped micelles (HApBCM) were obtained. The addition of xBCMs to a HAGMA precursor solution accelerated the gelation kinetics and altered the hydrogel mechanical properties. The resultant HAxBCM gels exhibit an elastic modulus of 847 ± 43 Pa and a compressive modulus of 9.2 ± 0.7 kPa. Diffusion analysis of Nile Red (NR)-labeled xBCMs employing fluorescence correlation spectroscopy confirmed the covalent immobilization of xBCMs in HA networks. Covalent integration of dexamethasone (DEX)-loaded xBCMs in HA gels significantly reduced the initial burst release and provided sustained release over a prolonged period. Importantly, DEX release from HAxBCM gels was accelerated by intermittently applied external compression in a strain-dependent manner. Culturing macrophages in the presence of DEX-releasing HAxBCM gels significantly reduced cellular production of inflammatory cytokines. Incorporating mechano-responsive modules in synthetic matrices offers a novel strategy to harvest mechanical stress present in the healing wounds to initiate tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxi Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Zhixiang Tong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yingchao Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | | | - Xinqiao Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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Abstract
Block copolymer micelles (BCMs) were prepared from amphiphilic diblock copolymers of poly(n-butyl acrylate) and poly(acrylic acid) partially modified with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. Radical polymerization of acrylamide in the presence of micellar crosslinkers gave rise to elastomeric hydrogels (BCM-PAAm) whose mechanical properties can be tuned by varying the BCM composition. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging revealed stretch-induced, reversible micelle deformation in BCM-PAAm gels. A model hydrophobic drug, pyrene, loaded into the micelle core prior to the formation of BCM-PAAm gels, was dynamically released in response to externally applied mechanical forces. The BCM-crosslinked hydrogels with combined strength and force-modulated drug release are attractive candidates for the repair and regeneration of mechanically-active tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxi Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jiahua Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - David J. Londono
- DuPont Nanotechnologies, CR&D, DuPont Co., Wilmington, DE, 19801, USA
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Xinqiao Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Corresponding author: Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delaware Biotechnology Institute, 201 DuPont Hall, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA. Phone: 302-831-6553, Fax: 302-831-4545,
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