1
|
Budiatin AS, Khotib J, Samirah S, Ardianto C, Gani MA, Putri BRKH, Arofik H, Sadiwa RN, Lestari I, Pratama YA, Rahadiansyah E, Susilo I. Acceleration of Bone Fracture Healing through the Use of Bovine Hydroxyapatite or Calcium Lactate Oral and Implant Bovine Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin on Bone Defect Animal Model. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224812. [PMID: 36432941 PMCID: PMC9698469 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone grafts a commonly used therapeutic technique for the reconstruction and facilitation of bone regeneration due to fractures. BHA-GEL (bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin) pellet implants have been shown to be able accelerate the process of bone repair by looking at the percentage of new bone, and the contact between the composite and bone. Based on these results, a study was conducted by placing BHA-GEL (9:1) pellet implants in rabbit femoral bone defects, accompanied by 500 mg oral supplement of BHA or calcium lactate to determine the effectiveness of addition supplements. The research model used was a burr hole defect model with a diameter of 4.2 mm in the cortical part of the rabbit femur. On the 7th, 14th and 28th days after treatment, a total of 48 New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups, namely defect (control), implant, implant + oral BHA, and implant + oral calcium lactate. Animal tests were terminated and evaluated based on X-ray radiology results, Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, vascular endothelial growth Factor (VEGF), osteocalcin, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and calcium levels. From this research can be concluded that Oral BHA supplementation with BHA-GEL pellet implants showed faster healing of bone defects compared to oral calcium lactate with BHA-GEL pellet implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aniek Setiya Budiatin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Correspondence:
| | - Junaidi Khotib
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Samirah Samirah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Maria Apriliani Gani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | | | - Huzaifah Arofik
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Rizka Nanda Sadiwa
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Indri Lestari
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Yusuf Alif Pratama
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Erreza Rahadiansyah
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia
| | - Imam Susilo
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tesfamariam BB, Seyoum R, Andoshe DM, Terfasa TT, Ahmed GMS, Badruddin IA, Khaleed H. Investigation of Self-Healing Mortars with and without Bagasse Ash at Pre- and Post-Crack Times. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15051650. [PMID: 35268883 PMCID: PMC8911208 DOI: 10.3390/ma15051650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cracks in typical mortar constructions enhance water permeability and degrade ions into the structure, resulting in decreased mortar durability and strength. In this study, mortar samples are created that self-healed their cracks by precipitating calcium carbonate into them. Bacillus subtilus bacterium (10−7, 10−9 cells/mL), calcium lactate, fine aggregate, OPC-cement, water, and bagasse ash were used to make self-healing mortar samples. Calcium lactates were prepared from discarded eggshells and lactic acid to reduce the cost of self-healing mortars, and 5% control burnt bagasse ash was also employed as an OPC-cement alternative. In the presence of moisture, the bacterial spores in mortars become active and begin to feed the nutrient (calcium lactate). The calcium carbonate precipitates and plugs the fracture. Our experimental results demonstrated that cracks in self-healing mortars containing bagasse ash were largely healed after 3 days of curing, but this did not occur in conventional mortar samples. Cracks up to 0.6 mm in self-healing mortars were filled with calcite using 10−7 and 10−9 cell/mL bacteria concentrations. Images from an optical microscope, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to confirm the production of calcite in fractures. Furthermore, throughout the pre- and post-crack-development stages, self-healing mortars have higher compressive strength than conventional mortars. The precipitated calcium carbonates were primed to compact the samples by filling the void spaces in hardened mortar samples. When fissures developed in hardened mortars, bacteria became active in the presence of moisture, causing calcite to precipitate and fill the cracks. The compressive strength and flexural strength of self-healing mortar samples are higher than conventional mortars before cracks develop in the samples. After the healing process of the broken mortar parts (due to cracking), self-healing mortars containing 5% bagasse ash withstand a certain load and have greater flexural strength (100 kPa) than conventional mortars (zero kPa) at 28 days of cure. Self-healing mortars absorb less water than typical mortar samples. Mortar samples containing 10−7 bacteria cells/mL exhibit greater compressive strength, flexural strength, and self-healing ability. XRD and SEM were used to analyze mortar samples with healed fractures. XRD, FTIR, and SEM images were also used to validate the produced calcium lactate. Furthermore, the durability of mortars was evaluated using DTA-TGA analysis and water absorption tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belay Brehane Tesfamariam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia; (R.S.); (D.M.A.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Redeat Seyoum
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia; (R.S.); (D.M.A.)
| | - Dinsefa Mensur Andoshe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia; (R.S.); (D.M.A.)
| | - Tatek Temesgen Terfasa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia;
| | - Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed
- Program of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, (So-M-C-M-E), Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia;
- Center of Excellence (COE) for Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Program of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, (So-M-C-M-E), Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia
| | - Irfan Anjum Badruddin
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Asir 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - H.M.T. Khaleed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah Munawara 42351, Saudi Arabia;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mititelu M, Moroșan E, Nicoară AC, Secăreanu AA, Musuc AM, Atkinson I, Pandele Cusu J, Nițulescu GM, Ozon EA, Sarbu I, Balaci TD. Development of Immediate Release Tablets Containing Calcium Lactate Synthetized from Black Sea Mussel Shells. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20010045. [PMID: 35049900 PMCID: PMC8778094 DOI: 10.3390/md20010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the use of marine by-products as precursor materials has gained great interest in the extraction and production of chemical compounds with suitable properties and possible pharmaceutical applications. The present paper presents the development of a new immediate release tablet containing calcium lactate obtained from Black Sea mussel shells. Compared with other calcium salts, calcium lactate has good solubility and bioavailability. In the pharmaceutical preparations, calcium lactate was extensively utilized as a calcium source for preventing and treating calcium deficiencies. The physical and chemical characteristics of synthesized calcium lactate were evaluated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and thermal analysis. Further, the various pharmacotechnical properties of the calcium lactate obtained from mussel shells were determined in comparison with an industrial used direct compressible Calcium lactate DC (PURACAL®). The obtained results suggest that mussel shell by-products are suitable for the development of chemical compounds with potential applications in the pharmaceutical domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (M.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Elena Moroșan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (M.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Anca Cecilia Nicoară
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.N.); (A.A.S.); (T.D.B.)
| | - Ana Andreea Secăreanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.N.); (A.A.S.); (T.D.B.)
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.); (J.P.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.); (G.M.N.); (E.A.O.); (I.S.)
| | - Irina Atkinson
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.); (J.P.C.)
| | - Jeanina Pandele Cusu
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.); (J.P.C.)
| | - George Mihai Nițulescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.); (G.M.N.); (E.A.O.); (I.S.)
| | - Emma Adriana Ozon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.N.); (A.A.S.); (T.D.B.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.); (G.M.N.); (E.A.O.); (I.S.)
| | - Iulian Sarbu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physics and Biophysics, Drug Industry and Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 004051 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.); (G.M.N.); (E.A.O.); (I.S.)
| | - Teodora Dalila Balaci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.N.); (A.A.S.); (T.D.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang X, Sebranek JG, Luo X, Zhang W, Zhang M, Xu B, Zhang Y, Liang R. Effects of Calcium Salts on the Physicochemical Quality of Cured Beef Sausages during Manufacturing and Storage: A Potential Calcium Application for Sausages with Alginate Casings. Foods 2021; 10:2783. [PMID: 34829063 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The impacts of adding calcium chloride (CaCl2) and calcium lactate (CaLac) with different concentrations (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.7%) on the physicochemical properties of cured beef sausages were investigated in this study. Meat color, pH, lipid oxidation, and cooking loss were measured at respective manufacturing stages (ground beef, raw chopped batter, and after cooking). Additionally, meat color, pH, lipid oxidation, nitrosylhemochrome, residual nitrite, and texture profiles of vacuum-packaged sausages were evaluated during seven days of storage. Compared with the control (no Ca added), both calcium salts resulted in deteriorative color and texture properties, and promoted pH decline, cooking loss, and lipid oxidation of sausages during manufacturing and storage. However, increased calcium salt addition led to the reduction of residual nitrite over time. Compared to CaCl2 addition, 0.2-0.4% CaLac resulted in greater redness and oxidative stability and softer texture. These results may be useful when considering calcium salt additions in sausages, for the purpose of co-extruded sausages coated with alginate where Ca salts are used to form the casing during the co-extrusion of the sausages.
Collapse
|
5
|
Bampidis V, Azimonti G, Bastos MDL, Christensen H, Dusemund B, Kouba M, Kos Durjava M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Sanz Y, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Aquilina G, Bories G, Gropp J, Nebbia C, Innocenti ML. Safety of lactic acid and calcium lactate when used as technological additives for all animal species. EFSA J 2020; 17:e05914. [PMID: 32626204 PMCID: PMC7008873 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety lactic acid and calcium lactate for all animal species. In 2015 and in 2017, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Nutrition (FEEDAP) delivered two opinions on the safety of lactic acid and calcium lactate. In that opinion, the panel concluded that the additive is safe for pigs and ruminants at concentrations of 50,000 mg lactic acid/kg complete feed but could not conclude on the safety for poultry and for pre‐ruminants. Now the applicant is proposing a new maximum concentration of 20,000 mg lactic acid/kg feed for all other animal species, with the exclusion of pre‐ruminants, and provided a new study in chickens for fattening. Based on the results of the new study, the Panel concluded that 20,000 mg lactic acid/kg complete feed is safe for chickens for fattening. The FEEDAP Panel extrapolates the lowest safe level of 20,000 mg lactic acid/kg complete feed observed in chicken for fattening to all animal species other than pigs and ruminants for which 50,000 mg lactic acid/kg is safe, with the exception of pre‐ruminants for which a safe dose could not be established. The maximum content of 20,000 mg lactic acid is equivalent to 24,000 mg calcium lactate and 30,000 mg calcium lactate hydrate (hydrate, n = 4–5). The corresponding maximum content in water for drinking would be 8,000 mg lactic acid/L.
Collapse
|
6
|
Díaz-Corona DA, López-López ME, Ayón-Reyna LE, López-Velázquez JG, López-Zazueta BA, Vega-García MO. Impact of hot water-calcium on the activity of cell wall degrading and antioxidant system enzymes in mango stored at chilling temperature. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13286. [PMID: 32497320 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Mango can develop symptoms of chilling injury (CI) during storage at low temperatures. The application of a hot water treatment (HWT) prior to cold storage can prevent this disorder; however, prolonged exposure to heat may cause accelerated softening of the fruit. Calcium salts allow the formation of pectates delaying softening and in combination with HWT can reduce the susceptibility to CI. This study evaluated the effect of the quarantine HWT (46.1°C, 75-90 min), calcium lactate (CaLac, 0.05%), and their combination (HWT-CaLac) on the activity of cell wall and antioxidant system enzymes in "Keitt" mango stored for 20 days (5°C) and during ripening (21°C). HWT and HWT-CaLac reduced CI sensitivity while the combination was more effective to reduce cell wall enzymatic activity and to increase the activity of the antioxidant system enzymes in mango, this demonstrated the usefulness of a HWT-CaLac combination to extend mango storage life by inducing CI tolerance. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Simultaneous application of treatments in diverse crops is significant for prevention of rapid deterioration. In this study, the application of calcium lactate in an established quarantine hot water treatment for mango fruit fly reduced chilling injury presence and stimulated the antioxidant defense mechanism. In this sense, producers and packers can take advantage of this procedure to prolong the storage period of the fruit preserving its postharvest quality and minimizing the risk of chilling injury presence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denisse Aurora Díaz-Corona
- Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, México
| | - Martha Edith López-López
- Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, México
| | - Lidia Elena Ayón-Reyna
- Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, México
| | - Jordi Gerardo López-Velázquez
- Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, México
| | - Blanca Alicia López-Zazueta
- Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, México
| | - Misael Odín Vega-García
- Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, México
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hwang TI, Kim JI, Lee J, Moon JY, Lee JC, Joshi MK, Park CH, Kim CS. In Situ Biological Transmutation of Catalytic Lactic Acid Waste into Calcium Lactate in a Readily Processable Three-Dimensional Fibrillar Structure for Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:18197-18210. [PMID: 32153182 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A bioinspired three-dimensional (3D) fibrous structure possesses biomimicry, valuable functionality, and performance to scaffolding in tissue engineering. In particular, an electrospun fibrous mesh has been studied as a scaffold material in various tissue regeneration applications. We produced a low-density 3D polycaprolactone/lactic acid (LA) fibrous mesh (3D-PCLS) via the novel lactic-assisted 3D electrospinning technique exploiting the catalytic properties of LA as we reported previously. In the study, we demonstrated a strategy of recycling the LA component to synthesize the osteoinductive biomolecules in situ, calcium lactate (CaL), thereby forming a 3D bioactive PCL/CaL fibrous scaffold (3D-SCaL) for bone tissue engineering. The fiber morphology of 3D-PCLS and its packing degree could have been tailored by modifying the spinning solution and the collector design. 3D-SCaL demonstrated successful conversion of CaL from LA and exhibited the significantly enhanced biomineralization capacity, cell infiltration and proliferation rate, and osteoblastic differentiation in vitro with two different cell lines, MC3T3-e1 and bone marrow stem cells. In conclusion, 3D-SCaL proves to be a highly practical and accessible strategy using a variety of polymers to produce 3D fibers as a potential candidate for future regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae In Hwang
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
- Department of Medical Practicing, Woori Convalescent Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54914, South Korea
| | - Jeong In Kim
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
| | - Joshua Lee
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
| | - Joon Yeon Moon
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Lee
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
| | - Mahesh Kumar Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Kathmandu 44605, Nepal
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
- Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
| | - Cheol Sang Kim
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
- Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Devesa-Rey R, González-Aller J, Urréjola S. Analysis of Biomaterials as Green Coagulants to Control Suspended Solids for Surface Water Treatment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17051777. [PMID: 32182930 PMCID: PMC7084783 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the use of natural, ecological coagulant-flocculants to reduce suspended particles in water. Three compounds were tested, namely: diatomaceous earth, calcium lactate and lactic acid. For this purpose, experiments in jar tests were carried out and the best compound was submitted to an optimization in order to evaluate the most significant parameters affecting its use as coagulant-flocculant. First results evidenced that lactic acid remove 71% of the suspended particles during the first five minutes, and up to 83% during the first 15 min. To optimize its use, the range of suspended particles concentration, lactic acid dose and salinity gradient was tested by means of an incomplete 33 factorial design. This technique allows reducing the number of experiments to be carried out through a response surface methodology, which enables to infer the values of the dependent variables in not studied situations, by means of predictive equations. As a result of the experiments carried out, optimal conditions to remove suspended particles were set at a lactic acid concentration of 1.75 g·L-1. As lactic acid may be obtained biotechnologically from organic wastes, this use supposes a promising area by keeping products and materials in use and contributing to a circular economy.
Collapse
|
9
|
Jiang Z, Yao K, Yuan X, Mu Z, Gao Z, Hou J, Jiang L. Effects of ultrasound treatment on physico-chemical, functional properties and antioxidant activity of whey protein isolate in the presence of calcium lactate. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:1522-1529. [PMID: 28802019 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ultrasound applied at various powers (0, 200, 400, 600 or 800 W) and for different times (20 or 40 min) on the physico-chemical, functional properties and antioxidant activities of whey protein isolate (WPI) dispersions in the presence of 1.20 mmol L-1 calcium lactate. RESULTS Surface hydrophobicity and free sulfhydryl group of the WPI dispersions containing 1.2 mmol L-1 calcium lactate were significantly enhanced after sonication. Furthermore, particle size of WPI dispersions containing 1.20 mmol L-1 calcium lactate was minimised after sonication. Scanning electron microscopy of sonicated WPI suspensions containing 1.20 mmol L-1 calcium lactate showed that WPI microstructure had significantly changed. After WPI dispersions were treated by sonication assisted with calcium lactate, its gel strength enhanced and solubility decreased. Gel strength of sonicated WPI dispersions (600 W, 40 min) was the maximum among all the WPI treatments. Emulsification activity of sonicated WPI dispersions reduced while its emulsion stability increased. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferrous reducing power of sonicated WPI dispersions mostly increased. CONCLUSION Ultrasound treatments induced structural changes in WPI molecules, leading to different microstructure and improved gel strength of WPI in the presence of calcium lactate. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science (Northeast Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Harbin, P.R. China
- Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy Group Co. Ltd., Hohhot, PR China
| | - Kun Yao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science (Northeast Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Xiangying Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science (Northeast Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Zhishen Mu
- Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy Group Co. Ltd., Hohhot, PR China
| | - Zengli Gao
- Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy Group Co. Ltd., Hohhot, PR China
| | - Juncai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science (Northeast Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Lianzhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science (Northeast Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Harbin, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hui Q, Wang M, Wang P, Ma Y, Gu Z, Yang R. Gibberellic acid promoting phytic acid degradation in germinating soybean under calcium lactate treatment. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:644-651. [PMID: 28664974 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytic acid as a phosphorus storage vault provides phosphorus for plant development. It is an anti-nutritional factor for humans and some animals. However, its degradation products lower inositol phosphates have positive effects on human health. In this study, the effect of gibberellic acid (GA) on phytic acid degradation under calcium lactate (Ca) existence was investigated. RESULTS The results showed that Ca + GA treatment promoted the growth status, hormone metabolism and phytic acid degradation in germinating soybean. At the same time, the availability of phosphorus, the activity of phytic acid degradation-associated enzyme and phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) increased. However, the relative genes expression of phytic acid degradation-associated enzymes did not vary in accordance with their enzymes activity. CONCLUSION The results revealed that GA could mediate the transport and function of calcium and a series of physiological and biochemical changes to regulate phytic acid degradation of soybean sprouts. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Hui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mian Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxin Gu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Runqiang Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rychen G, Aquilina G, Azimonti G, Bampidis V, Bastos MDL, Bories G, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Flachowsky G, Kolar B, Kouba M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Mantovani A, Mayo B, Ramos F, Saarela M, Villa RE, Wallace RJ, Wester P, Lundebye AK, Nebbia C, Renshaw D, Innocenti ML, Gropp J. Safety of lactic acid and calcium lactate when used as technological additives for all animal species. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04938. [PMID: 32625591 PMCID: PMC7009816 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The additives under assessment are lactic acid and calcium lactate. In 2015, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) delivered an Opinion on the safety and efficacy of lactic acid and calcium lactate. The FEEDAP Panel could not conclude on the safety of lactic acid in pre‐ruminants and poultry. Following this opinion, the European Commission gave the possibility to the applicant to submit complementary information in order to complete the assessment on the safety for all animal species. Based on the studies submitted in chickens for fattening and laying hens, no safe concentration of lactic acid and calcium lactate in complete feed for these species could be identified. Owing to the absence of data on tolerated dietary levels of d‐lactic acid, no conclusion on the safety of lactic acid in milk replacer for pre‐ruminants is possible. Since a safe concentration of lactic acid (and calcium lactate) was established only for pigs and cattle, and not for a third major animal species, no extrapolation to any other species is possible.
Collapse
|
12
|
Choi JS, Jin SK, Choi YS, Lee JK, Jung JT, Choi YI, Lee HJ, Lee JJ. Effect of Calcium Lactate on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Shank Bone Extract. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2017; 37:313-319. [PMID: 28515655 PMCID: PMC5434218 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.2.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to develop calcium-fortified shank bone extract (SBE) and to determine the effect of adding calcium lactate on physico-chemical characteristics of SBE during cold storage. The following five experiment groups were used: Control (0%, no addition), T1 (0.05% calcium lactate), T2 (0.1% calcium lactate), T3 (0.5% calcium lactate), and T4 (1% calcium lactate). When the concentration of calcium lactate added to the SBE was increased, the pH, redness, and yellowness values were significantly reduced, whereas the salinity, sugar content, and turbidity of SBE were significantly increased. Sensory parameters such as aroma, flavor, and overall acceptability in the control, T1, and T2 had similar scores. The TBARS values of SBE was significantly increased when 1% of calcium lactate was added, and the VBN values of SBE with calcium lactate at day 7 were higher than that of control (p<0.05). However, the addition of calcium lactate showed an inhibition effect on the growth of total microbial counts in SBE until 4 d of storage. The calcium content of SBE was increased by the addition of calcium lactate in a dose-dependently manner. The proper addition level of calcium lactate in the SBE was determined to be 0.1%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Seok Choi
- Swine Science & Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea
| | - Sang-Keun Jin
- Swine Science & Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea
- Department of Animal Resources Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea
| | - Yeong-Seok Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Ji-Taek Jung
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yang-Il Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Lee
- Department of Nutrition and Culinary Science, Hankyong National University, Ansung 17579, Korea
| | - Jae-Joon Lee
- Corresponding author Jae-Joon Lee Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea Tel: +82-62-230-7725 Fax: +82-62-234-7452 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rirattanapong P, Vongsavan K, Saengsirinavin C, Khumsub P. The efficiency of child formula dentifrices containing different calcium and phosphate compounds on artificial enamel caries. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 6:559-567. [PMID: 28032049 PMCID: PMC5184391 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.195517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fluoride toothpaste has been extensively used to prevent dental caries. However, the risk of fluorosis is concerning, especially in young children. Calcium phosphate has been an effective remineralizing agent and is present in commercial dental products, with no risk of fluorosis to users. This in vitro study aimed to compare the effects of different calcium phosphate compounds and fluoride-containing dentifrices on artificial caries in primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty sound primary incisors were coated with nail varnish, leaving two 1 mm2 windows on the labial surface before immersion in demineralizing solution for 96 hours to produce artificial enamel lesions. Subsequently, one window from each tooth was coated with nail varnish, and all 50 teeth were divided into five groups (n = 10); group A - deionized water; group B - casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste (Tooth Mousse); group C - 500 ppm F (Colgate Spiderman®); group D - nonfluoridated toothpaste with triple calcium phosphate (Pureen®); and group E - tricalcium phosphate (TCP). Polarized light microscopy and Image-Pro® Plus software were used to evaluate lesions. RESULTS After a 7-day pH-cycle, mean lesion depths in groups A, B, C, D, and E had increased by 57.52 ± 10.66%, 33.28 ± 10.16%, 17.04 ± 4.76%, 32.51 ± 8.99%, and 21.76 ± 8.15%, respectively. All data were processed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 16.0) software package. Comparison of percentage changes using one-way analysis of variance and Fisher's least squares difference tests at a 95% level of confidence demonstrated that group A was significantly different from the other groups (P < 0.001). Lesions in groups B and D had a significant lesion progression when compared with groups C and E. CONCLUSIONS All toothpastes in this study had the potential to delay the demineralization progression of artificial enamel caries in primary teeth. The fluoride 500 ppm and TCP toothpastes were equal in the deceleration of enamel caries progression and better than CPP-ACP paste and TCP toothpaste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Praphasri Rirattanapong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kadkao Vongsavan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hui Q, Yang R, Shen C, Zhou Y, Gu Z. Mechanism of Calcium Lactate Facilitating Phytic Acid Degradation in Soybean during Germination. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:5564-73. [PMID: 27324823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcium lactate facilitates the growth and phytic acid degradation of soybean sprouts, but the mechanism is unclear. In this study, calcium lactate (Ca) and calcium lactate with lanthanum chloride (Ca+La) were used to treat soybean sprouts to reveal the relevant mechanism. Results showed that the phytic acid content decreased and the availability of phosphorus increased under Ca treatment. This must be due to the enhancement of enzyme activity related to phytic acid degradation. In addition, the energy metabolism was accelerated by Ca treatment. The energy status and energy metabolism-associated enzyme activity also increased. However, the transmembrane transport of calcium was inhibited by La(3+) and concentrated in intercellular space or between the cell wall and cell membrane; thus, Ca+La treatment showed reverse results compared with those of Ca treatment. Interestingly, gene expression did not vary in accordance with their enzyme activity. These results demonstrated that calcium lactate increased the rate of phytic acid degradation by enhancing growth, phosphorus metabolism, and energy metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Hui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Runqiang Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxin Gu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rajbhandari P, Kindstedt PS. Surface roughness and packaging tightness affect calcium lactate crystallization on Cheddar cheese. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:1885-92. [PMID: 24485685 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Calcium lactate crystals that sometimes form on Cheddar cheese surfaces are a significant expense to manufacturers. Researchers have identified several postmanufacture conditions such as storage temperature and packaging tightness that contribute to crystal formation. Anecdotal reports suggest that physical characteristics at the cheese surface, such as roughness, cracks, and irregularities, may also affect crystallization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of surface roughness and packaging tightness on crystal formation in smoked Cheddar cheese. Four 20-mm-thick cross-section slices were cut perpendicular to the long axis of a retail block (~300g) of smoked Cheddar cheese using a wire cutting device. One cut surface of each slice was lightly etched with a cheese grater to create a rough, grooved surface; the opposite cut surface was left undisturbed (smooth). The 4 slices were vacuum packaged at 1, 10, 50, and 90kPa (very tight, moderately tight, loose, very loose, respectively) and stored at 1°C. Digital images were taken at 1, 4, and 8 wk following the first appearance of crystals. The area occupied by crystals and number of discrete crystal regions (DCR) were quantified by image analysis. The experiment was conducted in triplicate. Effects of storage time, packaging tightness, surface roughness, and their interactions were evaluated by repeated-measures ANOVA. Surface roughness, packaging tightness, storage time, and their 2-way interactions significantly affected crystal area and DCR number. Extremely heavy crystallization occurred on both rough and smooth surfaces when slices were packaged loosely or very loosely and on rough surfaces with moderately tight packaging. In contrast, the combination of rough surface plus very tight packaging resulted in dramatic decreases in crystal area and DCR number. The combination of smooth surface plus very tight packaging virtually eliminated crystal formation, presumably by eliminating available sites for nucleation. Cut-and-wrap operations may significantly influence the crystallization behavior of Cheddar cheeses that are saturated with respect to calcium lactate and thus predisposed to form crystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Rajbhandari
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405-0086
| | - P S Kindstedt
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405-0086.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Song H, Wang H, Ju S, Jin Q, Jia C, Cong H. Simplified microchip electrophoresis for rapid separation of urine proteins. J Clin Lab Anal 2014; 28:104-9. [PMID: 24395581 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urine protein test has been widely used in clinics, but to determine the type of proteinuria is usually difficult due to technical limitations. METHODS In the current study, a rapid and simple method to separate and determine urine proteins by a microchip electrophoresis (ME) system has been developed in which only 4 min are required. RESULTS Optimal separation conditions have been established by using 15 s injection time at 500 and 1,500 V separation voltage in 75 mmol/l borate buffer containing 0.8 mmol/l calcium lactate and 1% ϕ ethylamine (pH 10.55). Relative standard deviation (RSD) of migration time with purified human albumin and human transferring was 2.68% and 2.24%, and RSD of the peak area was 5.85% and 4.96%, respectively. The linear detection range was 1.0-15.0 g/l for purified human albumin and 1.0-10.0 g/l for human transferrin, with the same detection limit (S/N = 3) of 0.4 g/l. Finally, comparing to conventional agarose gel electrophoresis, the same results were obtained by using ME by testing clinical samples including 60 selective proteinuria, 105 nonselective proteinuria, and 6 overflow proteinuria. CONCLUSION This newly established ME could have broad applications to determine the type of proteinuria in clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Song
- Medical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, P.R China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tordoff MG, Bachmanov AA, Reed DR. Forty mouse strain survey of voluntary calcium intake, blood calcium, and bone mineral content. Physiol Behav 2007; 91:632-43. [PMID: 17493644 PMCID: PMC2085359 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2006] [Revised: 02/22/2007] [Accepted: 03/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We measured voluntary calcium intake, blood calcium, and bone mineral content of male and female mice from 40 inbred strains. Calcium intakes were assessed using 48-h two-bottle tests with a choice between water and one of the following: water, 7.5, 25, and 75 mM CaCl(2), then 7.5, 25, and 75 mM calcium lactate (CaLa). Intakes were affected by strain, sex, anion, and concentration. In 11 strains females consumed more calcium than did males and in the remaining 29 strains there were no sex differences. Nine strains drank more CaLa than CaCl(2) whereas only one strain (JF1/Ms) drank more CaCl(2) than CaLa. Some strains had consistently high calcium intakes and preferred all calcium solutions relative to water (e.g., PWK/PhJ, BTBR T(+)tf/J, JF1/Ms). Others had consistently low calcium intakes and avoided all calcium solutions relative to water (e.g., KK/H1J, C57BL/10J, CE/J, C58/J). After behavioral tests, blood was sampled and assayed for pH, ionized calcium concentration, and plasma total calcium concentration. Bone mineral density and content were assessed by DEXA. There were no significant correlations between any of these physiological measures and calcium intake. However, strains of mice that had the highest calcium intakes generally fell at the extremes of the physiological distributions. We conclude that the avidity for calcium is determined by different genetic architecture and thus different physiological mechanisms in different strains.
Collapse
|