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Liu C, Karabina A, Meller A, Bhattacharjee A, Agostino CJ, Bowman GR, Ruppel KM, Spudich JA, Leinwand LA. Homologous mutations in β, embryonic, and perinatal muscle myosins have divergent effects on molecular power generation. bioRxiv 2023:2023.07.02.547385. [PMID: 37425764 PMCID: PMC10327197 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.02.547385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Mutations at a highly conserved homologous residue in three closely related muscle myosins cause three distinct diseases involving muscle defects: R671C in β -cardiac myosin causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, R672C and R672H in embryonic skeletal myosin cause Freeman Sheldon syndrome, and R674Q in perinatal skeletal myosin causes trismus-pseudocamptodactyly syndrome. It is not known if their effects at the molecular level are similar to one another or correlate with disease phenotype and severity. To this end, we investigated the effects of the homologous mutations on key factors of molecular power production using recombinantly expressed human β , embryonic, and perinatal myosin subfragment-1. We found large effects in the developmental myosins, with the most dramatic in perinatal, but minimal effects in β myosin, and magnitude of changes correlated partially with clinical severity. The mutations in the developmental myosins dramatically decreased the step size and load-sensitive actin-detachment rate of single molecules measured by optical tweezers, in addition to decreasing ATPase cycle rate. In contrast, the only measured effect of R671C in β myosin was a larger step size. Our measurements of step size and bound times predicted velocities consistent with those measured in an in vitro motility assay. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations predicted that the arginine to cysteine mutation in embryonic, but not β , myosin may reduce pre-powerstroke lever arm priming and ADP pocket opening, providing a possible structural mechanism consistent with the experimental observations. This paper presents the first direct comparisons of homologous mutations in several different myosin isoforms, whose divergent functional effects are yet another testament to myosin's highly allosteric nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550
| | - Anastasia Karabina
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303
- Kainomyx, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Artur Meller
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Ayan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Colby J Agostino
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Greg R Bowman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Kathleen M Ruppel
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Kainomyx, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - James A Spudich
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Kainomyx, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Leslie A Leinwand
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303
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de Bonis SL, Urgell C, Yang W, Samanta C, Noury A, Vergara-Cruz J, Dong Q, Jin Y, Bachtold A. Ultrasensitive Displacement Noise Measurement of Carbon Nanotube Mechanical Resonators. Nano Lett 2018; 18:5324-5328. [PMID: 30062893 PMCID: PMC6089494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical resonators based on a single carbon nanotube are exceptional sensors of mass and force. The force sensitivity in these ultralight resonators is often limited by the noise in the detection of the vibrations. Here, we report on an ultrasensitive scheme based on a RLC resonator and a low-temperature amplifier to detect nanotube vibrations. We also show a new fabrication process of electromechanical nanotube resonators to reduce the separation between the suspended nanotube and the gate electrode down to ∼150 nm. These advances in detection and fabrication allow us to reach [Formula: see text] displacement sensitivity. Thermal vibrations cooled cryogenically at 300 mK are detected with a signal-to-noise ratio as high as 17 dB. We demonstrate [Formula: see text] force sensitivity, which is the best force sensitivity achieved thus far with a mechanical resonator. Our work is an important step toward imaging individual nuclear spins and studying the coupling between mechanical vibrations and electrons in different quantum electron transport regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L de Bonis
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - C Urgell
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - W Yang
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - C Samanta
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - A Noury
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - J Vergara-Cruz
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Q Dong
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS , University of Paris-Sud, University of Paris-Saclay, C2N Marcoussis, 91460 Marcoussis , France
| | - Y Jin
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS , University of Paris-Sud, University of Paris-Saclay, C2N Marcoussis, 91460 Marcoussis , France
| | - A Bachtold
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
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Wan CF, Wen B, Dai JG, Liu JX, Liu YZ. Experimental Study on Force Sensitivity of the Conductivity of Carbon Nanotubes-Modified Epoxy Resins. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:E1174. [PMID: 29996484 DOI: 10.3390/ma11071174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The addition of a conductive material into polymer improves its mechanical properties, electrical properties and thermal conductivity and bestows it with good self-sensing and self-adjusting properties. In this study, carbon nanotubes-modified epoxy resins (CNTs-EP) were successfully prepared with good dispersion through the combined methods of three roller rolling, ultrasonic processing and adding surfactant. Tests were conducted to evaluate the resistivity of unloaded modified epoxy resins with different mixing amounts of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), to determine the conductive percolation threshold. On the basis of the test results, a series of monotonic and cyclic uniaxial tensile tests were then conducted to investigate the force sensitivity of the conductivity of epoxy resins modified with different mixing amounts of CNTs. The relationship between the stress and the resistivity under various mixing amounts was studied, indicating that the resistance response could play a good warning role on the damage of the modified polymer material.
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Duan J, Liang X, Guo J, Zhu K, Zhang L. Ultra-Stretchable and Force-Sensitive Hydrogels Reinforced with Chitosan Microspheres Embedded in Polymer Networks. Adv Mater 2016; 28:8037-8044. [PMID: 27380145 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An ultra-stretchable and force-sensitive hydrogel with surface self-wrinkling microstructure is demonstrated by in situ synthesizing polyacrylamide (PAAm) and polyaniline (PANI) in closely packed swollen chitosan microspheres, exhibiting ultra-stretchability (>600%), high sensitivity (0.35 kPa-1 ) for subtle pressures (<1 kPa), and can detect force in a broad range (102 Pa-101 MPa) with excellent electrical stability and rapid response speed, potentially finding applications for E-skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjiang Duan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xichao Liang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jinhua Guo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Kunkun Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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