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Zhang HY, Bissett A, Aguilar-Trigueros CA, Liu HW, Powell JR. Fungal genome size and composition reflect ecological strategies along soil fertility gradients. Ecol Lett 2023. [PMID: 37078433 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Genomic traits reflect the evolutionary processes that have led to ecological variation among extant organisms, including variation in how they acquire and use resources. Soil fungi have diverse nutritional strategies and exhibit extensive variation in fitness along resource gradients. We tested for trade-offs in genomic traits with mycelial nutritional traits and hypothesize that such trade-offs differ among fungal guilds as they reflect contrasting resource exploitation and habitat preferences. We found species with large genomes exhibited nutrient-poor mycelium and low GC content. These patterns were observed across fungal guilds but with varying explanatory power. We then matched trait data to fungal species observed in 463 Australian grassland, woodland and forest soil samples. Fungi with large genomes and lower GC content dominated in nutrient-poor soils, associated with shifts in guild composition and with species turnover within guilds. These findings highlight fundamental mechanisms that underpin successful ecological strategies for soil fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Carlos A Aguilar-Trigueros
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hong-Wei Liu
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeff R Powell
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
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Mundra S, Kauserud H, Økland T, Nordbakken J, Ransedokken Y, Kjønaas OJ. Shift in tree species changes the belowground biota of boreal forests. New Phytol 2022; 234:2073-2087. [PMID: 35307841 PMCID: PMC9325058 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The replacement of native birch with Norway spruce has been initiated in Norway to increase long-term carbon storage in forests. However, there is limited knowledge on the impacts that aboveground changes will have on the belowground microbiota. We examined which effects a tree species shift from birch to spruce stands has on belowground microbial communities, soil fungal biomass and relationships with vegetation biomass and soil organic carbon (SOC). Replacement of birch with spruce negatively influenced soil bacterial and fungal richness and strongly altered microbial community composition in the forest floor layer, most strikingly for fungi. Tree species-mediated variation in soil properties was a major factor explaining variation in bacterial communities. For fungi, both soil chemistry and understorey vegetation were important community structuring factors, particularly for ectomycorrhizal fungi. The relative abundance of ectomycorrhizal fungi and the ectomycorrhizal : saprotrophic fungal ratio were higher in spruce compared to birch stands, particularly in the deeper mineral soil layers, and vice versa for saprotrophs. The positive relationship between ergosterol (fungal biomass) and SOC stock in the forest floor layer suggests higher carbon sequestration potential in spruce forest soil, alternatively, that the larger carbon stock leads to an increase in soil fungal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Mundra
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EvoGene)Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloPO Box 1066 BlindernOsloNO‐0316Norway
- Department of BiologyCollege of ScienceUnited Arab Emirates UniversityPO Box 15551Al‐Ain, Abu‐DhabiUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Håvard Kauserud
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EvoGene)Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloPO Box 1066 BlindernOsloNO‐0316Norway
| | - Tonje Økland
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchPO Box 115ÅsNO‐1431Norway
| | | | - Yngvild Ransedokken
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life SciencesPO Box 5003ÅsNO‐1432Norway
| | - O. Janne Kjønaas
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchPO Box 115ÅsNO‐1431Norway
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Schröter K, Wemheuer B, Pena R, Schöning I, Ehbrecht M, Schall P, Ammer C, Daniel R, Polle A. Assembly processes of trophic guilds in the root mycobiome of temperate forests. Mol Ecol 2018; 28:348-364. [PMID: 30276908 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Root-associated mycobiomes (RAMs) link plant and soil ecological processes, thereby supporting ecosystem functions. Understanding the forces that govern the assembly of RAMs is key to sustainable ecosystem management. Here, we dissected RAMs according to functional guilds and combined phylogenetic and multivariate analyses to distinguish and quantify the forces driving RAM assembly processes. Across large biogeographic scales (>1,000 km) in temperate forests (>100 plots), RAMs were taxonomically highly distinct but composed of a stable trophic structure encompassing symbiotrophic, ectomycorrhizal (55%), saprotrophic (7%), endotrophic (3%) and pathotrophic fungi (<1%). Taxonomic community composition of RAMs is explained by abiotic factors, forest management intensity, dominant tree family (Fagaceae, Pinaceae) and root resource traits. Local RAM assemblies are phylogenetically clustered, indicating stronger habitat filtering on roots in dry, acid soils and in conifer stands than in other forest types. The local assembly of ectomycorrhizal communities is driven by forest management intensity. At larger scales, root resource traits and soil pH shift the assembly process of ectomycorrhizal fungi from deterministic to neutral. Neutral or weak deterministic assembly processes are prevalent in saprotrophic and endophytic guilds. The remarkable consistency of the trophic composition of the RAMs suggests that temperate forests attract fungal assemblages that afford functional resilience under the current range of climatic and edaphic conditions. At local scales, the filtering processes that structure symbiotrophic assemblies can be influenced by forest management and tree selection, but at larger scales, environmental cues and host resource traits are the most prevalent forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Schröter
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Wemheuer
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rodica Pena
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ingo Schöning
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Ehbrecht
- Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Schall
- Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Ammer
- Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rolf Daniel
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Polle
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
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