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Ashour AA, Fahmi MK, Mohamed RN, Basha S, Binmadi N, Enan ET, Basalim A, Qahatani AA. Association between gastric reflux, obesity and erosive tooth wear among psychiatric patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28923. [PMID: 35363217 PMCID: PMC9281915 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of erosive tooth wear and obesity are high in psychiatric patients and soft drink consumption is a common risk factor associated with both diseases. This study aimed to assess the association between soft drink consumption, gastric reflux, erosive tooth wear, and obesity among resident patients at the Psychiatric Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia.This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 223 adult psychiatric inpatients (126 male, 97 female) with a mean age of 42.3 years (± 2.2). Dental erosion detection was performed according to World Health Organization criteria. The medical evaluation included assessment of the body mass index (BMI). With appropriate sample weighting, relationships between erosive tooth wear, gastric reflux, and obesity were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.Ninety eight patients (43.9%) presented with erosive tooth wear. The mean BMI for the entire study population was 27.7 ± 6.3 kg/m2. Regression analysis showed a strong association between erosive tooth wear and chronic vomiting or bulimia (adjusted odds ratio = 2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.98-5.07, P < .001), gastric reflux (adjusted odds ratio = 2.13; 95% CI = 1.34-6.23, P < .001), consumption of soft drinks (adjusted odds ratio = 2.14; 95% CI = 1.03-6.08, P < .001), and schizophrenia and delusional disorders (adjusted odds ratio = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.98-5.08, P < .001).This study demonstrates a significant association between erosive tooth wear prevalence and chronic vomiting or bulimia, consumption of soft drinks, and gastric reflux among resident patients at psychiatric hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Khalil Fahmi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sakeenabi Basha
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Binmadi
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Science, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas Tawfik Enan
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Alaa Basalim
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Al Qahatani
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Karunanayake C, Dosman J, Fenton M, Rennie D, Kirychuk S, Ramsden V, Seeseequasis J, Abonyi S, Pahwa P; First Nations Lung Health Project Research Team. Association between Co-Morbidities and the Prevalence of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness over a Four-Year Period. Clocks Sleep 2019; 1:459-70. [PMID: 33089180 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep1040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common problem in general the Canadian population. It can effect day-to-day activities and is also associated with several health issues. This study aimed to investigate the association between co-morbidities and the prevalence of EDS over a four-year period in adults living in two First Nation communities. Data collected during the First Nations Lung Health Project (FNLHP) conducted in two Cree First Nation communities in Saskatchewan in 2012–2013 (Cycle 1) and 2016 (Cycle 2) were used for this analysis. There were 859 participants aged 18 years and older at baseline (Cycle 1) and 821 participants aged 18 years and older at follow-up (Cycle 2) who completed the interviewer-administered questionnaire. An Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score > 10 was considered to be abnormal and identified as a case of EDS at both time points. A multilevel logistic regression model using a generalized estimating equations approach was used to analyze the data. The prevalence of EDS at baseline (Cycle 1) was 11.2% (91/815) and 10.0% (80/803) at follow-up (Cycle 2). Based on the predicted model, longitudinal change in the prevalence of EDS was −0.11% for 358 individuals who participated in both cycles. There were 49% males at baseline and 48% males at follow-up. Multivariate regression model results revealed that crowding, shortness of breath, loud snoring, chronic lung disease, depression and gastric reflux were the main significant predictors of EDS. In addition, the interaction between sex and age was significant. Some of the co-morbid conditions were associated with EDS. Therefore, managing such conditions requires considerations in strategies to decrease the prevalence of daytime sleepiness.
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Basha S, Enan ET, Mohamed RN, Ashour AA, Alzahrani FS, Almutairi NE. Association between soft drink consumption, gastric reflux, dental erosion, and obesity among special care children. Spec Care Dentist 2019; 40:97-105. [PMID: 31820473 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study assessed the association between soft drink consumption, gastric reflux, dental erosion, and obesity among special care children. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 350 special care children (male-131, female-219) mean age of 12.6 (± 2.6) years were included. Detection of dental erosion was performed according to the World Health Organization criteria. The medical evaluation assessed body mass index (BMI). With appropriate sample weighting, relationships between dental erosion prevalence and obesity were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Overall prevalence of dental erosion was 36%. Mean BMI for entire study population was 24.7 (± 7.8). Regression analysis showed strong association between dental erosion prevalence and consumption of soft drinks (adjusted odds ratio = 1.8; 95% CI = 0.71-2.92, P < .05), bulimia (adjusted odds ratio = 2.27; 95% CI = 0.99-4.28, P < .001), and gastric reflux (adjusted odds ratio = 2.24; 95% CI = 0.82-4.1, P < .001). Bivariate analysis showed high prevalence of dental erosion among obese children compared to children with normal weight (P = .04). CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated a significant association between dental erosion prevalence and consumption of soft drinks and gastric reflux among special care children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakeenabi Basha
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas Tawfik Enan
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, KSA
| | | | - Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nada Eid Almutairi
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Kayar Dogan E, Abaci Gunyar O, Topal F, Alper E, Ekinci N. Bacterial species and total bacterial load in the distal oesophagus in patients with and without clinical gastric reflux. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 126:1891-1898. [PMID: 30873693 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study is to compare distal oesophagus of persons with and without gastric reflux in terms of bacterial load and presence of certain bacterial species. METHODS AND RESULTS Two biopsy specimens were obtained from the distal oesophagus at 5 cm above the gastroesophageal junction of each of the 50 patients (20 with normal oesophagus and 30 with reflux oesophagitis) under endoscopic examination and used for histological examination and DNA isolation. We used a real-time PCR-based assay to quantify the bacterial load and the presence of certain bacterial species from one of the biopsy samples. The biopsy specimens taken from the patients with reflux oesophagitis were consistent with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The bacterial load did not significantly differ between the groups (P < 0·005). CONCLUSION While there was no difference between the bacterial load in the two groups, variation was observed in bacterial species. Most of the bacteria identified in distal oesophagus of the patients with gastroesophageal reflux were Gram negative. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The human oesophagus was considered sterile until quite recently. Molecular techniques displayed the presence of a diverse bacterial species in the oesophagus. Although it is known that dysbiosis in the oesophagus causes GERD, and that Barrett's oesophagus can trigger the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma, its etiopathogenesis is not clear. A limited number of published studies support the importance of the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kayar Dogan
- Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Biology Department, Science Faculty, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - O Abaci Gunyar
- Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Biology Department, Science Faculty, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - F Topal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Atatürk Research and Teaching Hospital, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - E Alper
- Department of Gastroenterology, İstanbul Koç University Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - N Ekinci
- Department of Pathology, Atatürk Research and Teaching Hospital, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey
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Mazzacane D, Damiani V, Silvestri M, Ciprandi G, Marino P. Eye reflux: an ocular extraesophageal manifestation of gastric reflux. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:1503-1507. [PMID: 30225225 PMCID: PMC6133879 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.09.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To suspect laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) in patients with ocular surface disease (OSD). METHODS The present study evaluated a group of subjects with OSD assessing the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) to detect patients with suspected LPR and define a possible relationship between tests. RESULTS Two hundred and ninety subjects (175 females, mean age: 60.41±15.68y) were consecutively visited at ophthalmologist offices. One hundred and one (34%) patients had pathological RSI (>13) and consequently a suspected LPR. CONCLUSION The current study shows that suspected LPR may be common (34%) in patients with OSD and a suspected LPR may be considered in OSD patients when RSI score is >13 and OSDI score is >42.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pierfranco Marino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
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Aragona SE, Mereghetti G, Ciprandi G. Gastric reflux: the therapeutical role of Marial® . J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:969-972. [PMID: 29687692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide relevance of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has had a considerable increase in recent years. The guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of GERD are well consolidated and continuously updated. Recently, the extra-esophageal manifestations of reflux have been considered from a multidisciplinary point of view, so the symptoms of the laryngo-pharyngeal reflux (LPR) have been precisely defined. At present, a new Medical Compound (Marial®) has the indication for the treatment of both GERD and LPR. Clinical experience has initially confirmed its effectiveness in both disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Aragona
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza (VA), Italy
| | - G Mereghetti
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza (VA), Italy
| | - G Ciprandi
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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Zhou D, Yuan X, Wang X, Ren J, Yang R, Kong G, Jia R, Li J, Ge D, Zhang X, Gao S. A case of gastric adenocarcinoma metastasis to the esophagus possibly caused by gastroscopy or gastric reflux. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:15386-15390. [PMID: 26823899 PMCID: PMC4713685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recurrence after curative resection for gastric cancer is high, the pattern of recurrence include haematogenous metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, lymph node metastasis, and local recurrence, respectively. Here we report a case with local recurrence at the beginning, and subsequent metastasis to the esophagus three month following gastroscopy. Biopsy of the nodule in the upper esophagus was taken, pathology showed the adenocarcinoma of gastric origin. CT scanning showed no thickening of upper esophagus wall, suggesting there may not be intramural metastasis. The patient had proven gastroesophageal reflux, and the liner alignment of the lesion coexisted with the route of gastroscope insertion tube. Taken together, we suggest that the esophagus metastasis was most likely though implantation caused by gastroscopy or gastroesophageal reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- Oncological Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471002, Henan, China
| | - Xiaozhi Yuan
- Oncological Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471002, Henan, China
| | - Xinshuai Wang
- Oncological Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471002, Henan, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Oncological Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471002, Henan, China
| | - Ruina Yang
- Oncological Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471002, Henan, China
| | - Guoqiang Kong
- Oncological Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471002, Henan, China
| | - Ruinuo Jia
- Oncological Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471002, Henan, China
| | - Jiangman Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471002, Henan, China
| | - Dongfeng Ge
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471002, Henan, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471002, Henan, China
| | - Shegan Gao
- Oncological Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471002, Henan, China
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Rubio CA, Owston M, Orrego A, Nilsson R, Löfdahl H, Nesi G, Dick EJ. Mucous gland metaplasia in the esophagus and gastric mucosa in baboons. Anticancer Res 2011; 31:2187-2190. [PMID: 21737639 PMCID: PMC3468912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chewing of regurgitated food elicits in baboons life-long gastro-esophageal reflux (GER). The acid reflux transforms the multilayered squamous cell epithelium of the esophagus into columnar-lined mucosa with mucus-producing accessory glands. The function of this mucous gland metaplasia (MGM), which mimics Barrett's mucosa with MGM in humans, is to buffer the gastric acid entering the esophagus during regurgitation. In a previous study of entire esophagi, the majority of baboons showed MGM. The gastric mucosa was not investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections from the esophagus, from the lesser gastric curvature and from the greater gastric curvature were collected separately from 50 adult baboons. The presence of MGM was assessed in each one of these locations. RESULTS MGM was demonstrated in 92% (46/50) of blocks from the esophagus, in 98% (49/50) of blocks from the lesser curvature and in 90% (45/50) of those of the greater curvature (fundus). CONCLUSION The majority of the animals had MGM, not only in the esophagus but also in the proximal gastric mucosa. Rationally, MGM in baboons starts in the distal esophagus and proceeds downwards, towards the proximal stomach. The histogenesis of the MGM in Barrett's mucosa in humans (that is Barrett's mucosa type 2) remains elusive. Therefore the baboon might be an important animal model for studying the histogenesis of Barrett's mucosa with MGM in humans, a recognized pre-cancerous lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Rubio
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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