1
|
Soudzilovskaia NA, Vaessen S, Barcelo M, He J, Rahimlou S, Abarenkov K, Brundrett MC, Gomes SIF, Merckx V, Tedersoo L. FungalRoot: global online database of plant mycorrhizal associations. New Phytol 2020; 227:955-966. [PMID: 32239516 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Testing of ecological, biogeographical and phylogenetic hypotheses of mycorrhizal traits requires a comprehensive reference dataset about plant mycorrhizal associations. Here we present a database, FungalRoot, which summarizes publicly available data about vascular plant mycorrhizal type and intensity of root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi, accompanied with rich metadata. We compiled and digitized data about plant mycorrhizal colonization in nine widespread languages. The present version of the FungalRoot database contains 36 303 species-by-site observations for 14 870 plant species, tripling the previously available compiled information about plant mycorrhizal associations. Based on these data, we provide a recommended list of genus-level plant mycorrhizal associations, based on the majority of data for species and careful analysis of conflicting data. The majority of ectomycorrhizal and ericoid mycorrhizal plants are trees (92%) and shrubs (85%), respectively. The majority of arbuscular and nonmycorrhizal plant species are herbaceous (50% and 70%, respectively). Our publicly available database is a powerful resource for mycorrhizal scientists and ecologists. It features possibilities for dynamic updating and addition of data about plant mycorrhizal associations. The new database will promote research on plant and fungal biogeography and evolution, and on links between above- and belowground biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadejda A Soudzilovskaia
- Environmental Biology Department, Institute of Environmental Sciences, CML, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Stijn Vaessen
- Environmental Biology Department, Institute of Environmental Sciences, CML, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Milagros Barcelo
- Environmental Biology Department, Institute of Environmental Sciences, CML, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jinhong He
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, 510650, Guangzhou, China
| | - Saleh Rahimlou
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ülikooli 18, 50090, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kessy Abarenkov
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ülikooli 18, 50090, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mark C Brundrett
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Sofia I F Gomes
- Environmental Biology Department, Institute of Environmental Sciences, CML, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent Merckx
- Understanding Evolution Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, 2332 AA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ülikooli 18, 50090, Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grünfeld L, Wulf M, Rillig MC, Manntschke A, Veresoglou SD. Neighbours of arbuscular-mycorrhiza associating trees are colonized more extensively by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi than their conspecifics in ectomycorrhiza dominated stands. New Phytol 2020; 227:10-13. [PMID: 31849059 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Grünfeld
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
| | - Monika Wulf
- Research Area 2, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 84, Müncheberg, D-15374, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
| | - Annette Manntschke
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
| | - Stavros D Veresoglou
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Conversa G, Bonasia A, Lazzizera C, Elia A. Influence of biochar, mycorrhizal inoculation, and fertilizer rate on growth and flowering of Pelargonium (Pelargonium zonale L.) plants. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:429. [PMID: 26136757 PMCID: PMC4468377 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Peat is the most common substrate used in nurseries despite being a very expensive and a non-renewable material. Peat replacement with biochar could be a sound environmental practice, as it is produced from waste biomass, but evaluation of biochar as a potting substrate is needed. Ratios of peat:biochar of 100:0, 70:30, 30:70 (BC0, BC30, and BC70, respectively), two fertilizer rates (FERT1, FERT2), and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation were tested on potted Pelargonium plants. Plant growth, flowering, bio-physiological and nutritional responses, and root mycorrhization were evaluated. The BC30 mixture did not affect plant growth compared with pure peat. However, BC30 in combination with FERT2 treatment was more effective in enhancing nitrogen (N) and chlorophyll (CHL) leaf concentrations, and leaf and flower numbers. The BC70 mixture depressed plant growth, flowering traits, and root mycorrhization. Leaf N concentration was below the sufficiency range reported for Pelargonium growth. Leaf concentration of phosphorous (P) was adequate in pure peat and in BC30 but it dropped close to sub-optimal values in BC70. The pH value of the mixtures lowered P availability, though in BC30 the mycorrhizal activity could have allowed adequate P plant uptake. In BC70 plants, the deficiency of both N and P might be a reason for the observed growth reduction. The inoculation of the substrate with selected AMF improved plant growth (higher dry biomass, greater floral clusters, larger and more abundant leaves) and quality resulting in unstressed (lower electrolyte leakage and higher relative water content values) and greener leaves (low L(∗) and C(∗), high CHL content) and in more intensely colored flowers. We conclude that biochar can be applied in nursery/potted plant production provided that the proportion in the peat mixture does not exceed 30%. Furthermore, AMF inoculation contributed to achieving the best plant performance in 30% biochar amended medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Conversa
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of FoggiaFoggia, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|