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Gutierrez Cruz A, Aresta Branco MSL, Borhani Peikani M, Mutafova-Yambolieva VN. Differential Influences of Endogenous and Exogenous Sensory Neuropeptides on the ATP Metabolism by Soluble Ectonucleotidases in the Murine Bladder Lamina Propria. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15650. [PMID: 37958631 PMCID: PMC10647406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder urothelium and suburothelium/lamina propria (LP) have prominent sensory and transducer functions with the active participation of afferent neurons and urothelium-derived purine mediators such as adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine (ADO). Effective concentrations of purines at receptor targets depend significantly on the extracellular degradation of ATP by ectonucleotidases (ENTDs). We recently reported the regulated release of soluble ENTDs (s-ENTDs) in the LP and the consequent degradation of ATP to ADP, AMP, and ADO. Afferent neurons in the LP can be activated by urothelial ATP and release peptides and other transmitters that can alter the activity of cells in their vicinity. Using a murine decentralized ex vivo detrusor-free bladder model, 1,N6-etheno-ATP (eATP) as substrate, and sensitive HPLC-FLD methodologies, we found that exogenous neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (Sub P), neurokinin A (NKA), and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide [PACAP (1-38)] all increased the degradation of eATP by s-ENTDs that were released in the LP spontaneously and/or during bladder filling. Using antagonists of neuropeptide receptors, we observed that endogenous NKA did not modify the ATP hydrolysis by s-ENTDs, whereas endogenous Sub P increased both the constitutive and distention-induced release of s-ENTDs. In contrast, endogenous CGRP and PACAP (1-38) increased the distention-induced, but not the spontaneous, release of s-ENTDs. The present study puts forward the novel idea that interactions between peptidergic and purinergic signaling mechanisms in the LP have an impact on bladder excitability and functions by regulating the effective concentrations of adenine purines at effector cells in the LP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Violeta N. Mutafova-Yambolieva
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (A.G.C.); (M.B.P.)
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Abraham D, Singh A, Goyal A. Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels of Neurokinin A and Substance P in Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:307-317. [PMID: 37876583 PMCID: PMC10593367 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_55_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives The levels of neuropeptides neurokinin A (NKA) and substance P (SP) in the gingival crevicular fluid of patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) were evaluated using a comprehensive review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods The data bases of Pubmed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, Science Direct, Proquest and Cochrane library databases were thoroughly searched. The quality of the study was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Criteria. Twenty four studies were listed following a thorough search of full texts, abstracts, and removal of duplicates. Only two of these papers were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Since the results obtained were in mean and standard deviation, the levels of neuropeptides in the test and control groups were examined using the meta-analysis. Results When compared with healthy teeth, NKA was not significantly elevated in GCF of individuals with SIP (P = 0.06; odd ratio = 1.34 [-0.05 to 2.74] at 95% confidence interval [CI]). Additionally, there was no evidence of an association between SP and SIP (P = 0.08; odds ratio = 0.84 [-0.10 to 1.77] at 95% CI). Conclusion This systematic research demonstrated that in individuals with SIP, NKA, and SP are not substantially linked. However, the lack of study in this area makes it evident that additional research is needed, particularly in relation to pulpal disorders and NKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dax Abraham
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dental Sciences, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Arundeep Singh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dental Sciences, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Anjana Goyal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Sciences, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Zhuang J, Gao X, Zhao L, Wei W, Xu F. Neurokinin 1 and 2 Receptors Are Involved in PEG 2- and Citric Acid-Induced Cough and Ventilatory Responses. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2022; 306:103952. [PMID: 35905863 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2022.103952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to aerosolized citric acid (CA, 150mM) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 0.43mM) for 10min in guinea pigs reportedly produces the distinct cough patterns (Type I vs. II) and ventilatory responses (long-lasting hyperventilation vs. brief tachypnea) even though triggering the same cough numbers. Type I and II coughs are primarily mediated by activation of TRPV1 and EP3 receptors (a PGE2 receptor) of vagal C-fibers respectively. Substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA) released by vagal pulmonary sensory fibers peripherally are capable of affecting CA-induced cough and ventilation via preferentially activating neurokinin 1 and 2 receptors (NK1R and NK2R) respectively. This study aimed to define the impacts of CA- and PGE2-exposure on pulmonary SP and NKA levels and the roles of NK1R and NK2R in modulating CA- and PGE2-evoked cough and ventilatory responses. In unanesthetized guinea pigs, we determined: 1) pulmonary SP and NKA contents induced by the CA- or PGE2-exposure; 2) effects of CP-99994 and SR-48968 (a NK1R and a NK2R antagonist respectively) given by intraperitoneal injection (IP) or aerosol inhalation (IH) on the CA- and PGE2-evoked cough and ventilatory responses; and 3) immunocytochemical expressions of NK1R/NK2R in vagal C-neurons labeled by TRPV1 or EP3 receptors. We found that CA- and PGE2-exposure evoked Type I and II cough respectively associated with different degrees of increases in pulmonary SP and NKA. Applications of CP-99994 and SR-48968 via IP and IH efficiently suppressed the cough responses to CA with less impact on the cough response to PGE2. These antagonists inhibited or blocked the ventilatory response to CA and caused hypoventilation in response to PGE2. Moreover, NK1R and NK2R were always co-expressed in vagal C-neurons labeled by TRPV1 or EP3 receptors. These results suggest that SP and NKA endogenously released by CA- and PGE2-exposure play important roles in generating the cough and ventilatory responses to CA and PGE2, at least in part, via activation of NK1R and NK2R expressed in vagal C-neurons (pulmonary C-neurons).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhuang
- Pathophysiology Program, Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| | - Xiuping Gao
- Pathophysiology Program, Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| | - Lei Zhao
- Pathophysiology Program, Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108; Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Wan Wei
- Pathophysiology Program, Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108; Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fadi Xu
- Pathophysiology Program, Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108.
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Torres E, Velasco I, Franssen D, Heras V, Gaytan F, Leon S, Navarro VM, Pineda R, Candenas ML, Romero-Ruiz A, Tena-Sempere M. Congenital ablation of Tacr2 reveals overlapping and redundant roles of NK2R signaling in the control of reproductive axis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E496-E511. [PMID: 33427049 PMCID: PMC8828271 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00346.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tachykinin (TAC) signaling is an important element in the central control of reproduction. TAC family is mainly composed of substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), and NKB, which bind preferentially to NK1, NK2, and NK3 receptors, respectively. While most studies have focused on the reproductive functions of NKB/NK3R, and to a lesser extent SP/NK1R, the relevance of NK2R, encoded by Tacr2, remains poorly characterized. Here, we address the physiological roles of NK2R in regulating the reproductive axis by characterizing a novel mouse line with congenital ablation of Tacr2. Activation of NK2R evoked acute luteinizing hormone (LH) responses in control mice, similar to those of agonists of NK1R and NK3R. Despite the absence of NK2R, Tacr2-/- mice displayed only partially reduced LH responses to an NK2R agonist, which, nonetheless, were abrogated after blockade of NK3R in Tacr2-/- males. While Tacr2-/- mice displayed normal pubertal timing, LH pulsatility was partially altered in Tacr2-/- females in adulthood, with suppression of basal LH levels, but no changes in the number of LH pulses. In addition, trends for increase in breeding intervals were detected in Tacr2-/- mice. However, null animals of both sexes were fertile, with no changes in estrous cyclicity or sex preference in social behavioral tests. In conclusion, stimulation of NK2R elicited LH responses in mice, while congenital ablation of Tacr2 partially suppressed basal and stimulated LH secretion, with moderate reproductive impact. Our data support a modest, albeit detectable, role of NK2R in the control of the gonadotropic axis, with partially overlapping and redundant functions with other tachykinin receptors.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We have explored here the impact of congenital ablation of the gene (Tacr2) encoding the tachykinin receptor, NK2R, in terms of neuroendocrine control of the reproductive axis, using a novel Tacr2 KO mouse line. Our data support a modest, albeit detectable, role of NK2R in the control of the gonadotropic axis, with partially overlapping and redundant functions with other tachykinin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Encarnacion Torres
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Velasco
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Delphine Franssen
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Violeta Heras
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Gaytan
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Silvia Leon
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Victor M Navarro
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rafael Pineda
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Luz Candenas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Romero-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Akbal Dincer G, Erdemir A, Kisa U. Comparison of Neurokinin A, Substance P, Interleukin 8, and Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 Changes in Pulp tissue and Gingival Crevicular Fluid Samples of Healthy and Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis Teeth. J Endod 2020; 46:1428-37. [PMID: 32702349 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUTION The aim of this study was to compare levels of neurokinin A (NKA), substance P (SP), interleukin (IL)-8, and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in pulp tissue and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples of healthy and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis teeth. METHODS Forty patients diagnosed with healthy and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis teeth were included in this study. NKA, SP, IL-8, and MMP-8 levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test after pulp and GCF samples were obtained from healthy (n = 20) and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis teeth (n = 20). GCF sampling of 40 teeth was repeated 1 week later. Routine root canal treatment procedures of the teeth were performed, and the treatment process was completed. As a control group, GCF samples were taken from the contralateral teeth in both groups. Statistical analysis was performed using dependent and independent t tests, analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U tests, and Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS Comparing the groups, all mediator levels were significantly higher in the pulp samples in the pulpitis group compared with the healthy group (NKA: P < .001, SP: P = .005, IL-8: P < .001, and MMP-8: P < .001). Likewise, in the pulpitis group, all mediator levels were significantly higher in the first GCF samples compared with the healthy group (NKA: P = .01, SP: P < .001, IL-8: P = .001, and MMP-8: P < .001). CONCLUSIONS It was observed that NKA, SP, IL-8, and MMP-8 increased significantly in pulp tissue and GCF specimens of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis teeth compared with pulp tissue and GCF specimens of healthy teeth. Second, it was determined that NKA, SP, IL-8, and MMP-8 levels decreased significantly in GCF samples in teeth diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis 1 week after the removal of inflamed pulp. Finally, SP, IL-8, and MMP-8 levels were found to be higher in pulp tissue samples of the patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with higher pain scores than those with low pain scores.
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Jain AR, Britton ZT, Markwalter CE, Robinson AS. Improved ligand-binding- and signaling-competent human NK2R yields in yeast using a chimera with the rat NK2R C-terminus enable NK2R-G protein signaling platform. Protein Eng Des Sel 2020; 32:459-469. [PMID: 32400863 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tachykinin 2 receptor (NK2R) plays critical roles in gastrointestinal, respiratory and mental disorders and is a well-recognized target for therapeutic intervention. To date, therapeutics targeting NK2R have failed to meet regulatory agency approval due in large part to the limited characterization of the receptor-ligand interaction and downstream signaling. Herein, we report a protein engineering strategy to improve ligand-binding- and signaling-competent human NK2R that enables a yeast-based NK2R signaling platform by creating chimeras utilizing sequences from rat NK2R. We demonstrate that NK2R chimeras incorporating the rat NK2R C-terminus exhibited improved ligand-binding yields and downstream signaling in engineered yeast strains and mammalian cells, where observed yields were better than 4-fold over wild type. This work builds on our previous studies that suggest exchanging the C-termini of related and well-expressed family members may be a general protein engineering strategy to overcome limitations to ligand-binding and signaling-competent G protein-coupled receptor yields in yeast. We expect these efforts to result in NK2R drug candidates with better characterized signaling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav R Jain
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Zachary T Britton
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.,AstraZeneca, Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Chester E Markwalter
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Anne S Robinson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The tachykinin family of peptides (substance P, neurokinin A) via the neurokinin-1 (NK-1), NK-2, and NK-3 receptors is involved in many physiological/physiopathological actions. Antagonists of these receptors may be used to treat many human pathologies. AREAS COVERED This review offers an overview (from 2014 to present) of the actions exerted by NK receptor (NK-R) antagonists on emesis, pruritus, cardiomyopathy, respiratory tract diseases, bacterial infection, cancer, ocular pain, corneal neovascularization, excess of body fat/weight, conditioned fear, social isolation stress, hot flush, melanogenesis, follicle development, fish reproduction, and sex-hormone-dependent diseases. EXPERT OPINION From 2014, no invention has been published using NK-2R antagonists. Although the tachykinin/NK receptor system is involved in a great number of mechanisms, to date, the use of only five NK-1R antagonists have been approved in humans but no NK-2R or NK-3R antagonist. NK receptor antagonists are safe in human trials and are potential therapeutic agents, but this potential is currently minimized. In humans, more studies on molecules acting as NK receptor antagonists and exerting a potential therapeutic action must be carried out. The antipruritic or antitumor action of NK-1R antagonists must be explored in greater depth: the highest safe dose and the time of administration (for a long period of time) of these antagonists must be well established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Muñoz
- Research Laboratory on Neuropeptides, Virgen Del Rocío University Hospital (IBIS) , Seville, Spain
| | - Rafael Coveñas
- Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla Y León (INCYL), Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, University of Salamanca , Salamanca, Spain
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Czelejewska W, Zmijewska A, Dziekonski M, Okrasa S. The role of neurokinin A and its receptor in the regulation of prolactin secretion by the anterior pituitary of cyclic pigs. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:604-612. [PMID: 32086962 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In pigs, plasma prolactin concentration markedly changes during the oestrous cycle and the regulation of its secretion is very complex. The contribution of neurokinins in this process has not been sufficiently delineated. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of neurokinin A (NKA) on prolactin synthesis and secretion in cyclic gilts. The expression of NKA precursor (Ppta) and receptor (Tacr2) genes as well as NKA and TACR proteins content in the porcine pituitaries (days 2-3, 9-10, 12-13, 15-16 and 19-20 of the cycle) was determined. Furthermore, the in vitro influence of NKA on the expression of prolactin (Prl), dopamine receptor (D2r), TRH receptor (Trhr) genes and prolactin secretion by the porcine pituitary cells (days 9-10, 15-16 and 19-20 of the cycle) was assessed. The expression of Ppta and Tacr2 as well as NKA and TACR proteins in the pituitary tissue has been changing throughout the oestrous cycle. NKA affected in vitro the expression of studied genes and prolactin secretion depending on the stage of the cycle, dose of NKA and/or duration of the cell incubation. Altogether, the study indicates that NKA is engaged in the modulation of prolactin secretion in the pig during the oestrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta Czelejewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agata Zmijewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mariusz Dziekonski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Okrasa
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Grundy L, Chess-Williams R, Brierley SM, Mills K, Moore KH, Mansfield K, Rose'Meyer R, Sellers D, Grundy D. NKA enhances bladder-afferent mechanosensitivity via urothelial and detrusor activation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 315:F1174-F1185. [PMID: 29897284 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00106.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tachykinins are expressed within bladder-innervating sensory afferents and have been shown to generate detrusor contraction and trigger micturition. The release of tachykinins from these sensory afferents may also activate tachykinin receptors on the urothelium or sensory afferents directly. Here, we investigated the direct and indirect influence of tachykinins on mechanosensation by recording sensory signaling from the bladder during distension, urothelial transmitter release ex vivo, and direct responses to neurokinin A (NKA) on isolated mouse urothelial cells and bladder-innervating DRG neurons. Bath application of NKA induced concentration-dependent increases in bladder-afferent firing and intravesical pressure that were attenuated by nifedipine and by the NK2 receptor antagonist GR159897 (100 nM). Intravesical NKA significantly decreased bladder compliance but had no direct effect on mechanosensitivity to bladder distension (30 µl/min). GR159897 alone enhanced bladder compliance but had no effect on mechanosensation. Intravesical NKA enhanced both the amplitude and frequency of bladder micromotions during distension, which induced significant transient increases in afferent firing, and were abolished by GR159897. NKA increased intracellular calcium levels in primary urothelial cells but not bladder-innervating DRG neurons. Urothelial ATP release during bladder distention was unchanged in the presence of NKA, whereas acetylcholine levels were reduced. NKA-mediated activation of urothelial cells and enhancement of bladder micromotions are novel mechanisms for NK2 receptor-mediated modulation of bladder mechanosensation. These results suggest that NKA influences bladder afferent activity indirectly via changes in detrusor contraction and urothelial mediator release. Direct actions on sensory nerves are unlikely to contribute to the effects of NKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Grundy
- Centre for Urology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University , Gold Coast, Queensland , Australia.,Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University , Bedford Park, South Australia , Australia.,Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Russ Chess-Williams
- Centre for Urology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University , Gold Coast, Queensland , Australia
| | - Stuart M Brierley
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University , Bedford Park, South Australia , Australia.,Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kylie Mills
- Centre for Urology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University , Gold Coast, Queensland , Australia
| | - Kate H Moore
- Department of Urogynaecology, St. George Hospital, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales , Australia
| | - Kylie Mansfield
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, New South Wales , Australia
| | | | - Donna Sellers
- Centre for Urology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University , Gold Coast, Queensland , Australia
| | - David Grundy
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield , Sheffield , United Kingdom
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Kaczyńska K, Jampolska M, Szereda-Przestaszewska M. The role of vagal pathway and NK1 and NK2 receptors in cardiovascular and respiratory effects of neurokinin A. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 43:818-24. [PMID: 27199181 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neurokinin A (NKA) is a peptide neurotransmitter that participates in the regulation of breathing and the cardiovascular system. The purpose of the current study was to determine the cardiorespiratory pattern exerted by the systemic injection of NKA, to look at the contribution of neurokinin NK1 and NK2 receptors, and to establish the engagement of the vagal pathway in mediation of these responses. The effects of intravenous injections of NKA (50 μg/kg) were studied in anaesthetized, spontaneously breathing rats in the following experimental schemes: in neurally intact rats; and vagotomized at either midcervical or supranodosal level. Intravenous injections of NKA in the intact rats evoked sudden and short-lived increase in the respiratory rate concomitant with drop in tidal volume, followed by a prolonged depression, coupled with continuous augmentation of the tidal volume. Respiratory alterations were accompanied by transient tachycardia and prolonged hypotension. Midcervical vagotomy eliminated respiratory rate response and augmentation of tidal volume. Section of supranodosal vagi abrogated all respiratory reactions. NK2 receptor blockade abolished respiratory changes without affecting cardiovascular effects, whereas NK1 receptor blockade significantly reduced hypotension and increase in heart rate with no impact on the respiratory system. These results indicate that NKA induced changes in the breathing resulting from an excitation of the NK2 receptors on the vagal endings. A fall in blood pressure triggered by NKA occurs outside of the vagus nerve and is probably mediated via its direct action on vascular smooth muscles supplied with NK1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kaczyńska
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Jampolska
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Heidari A, Shahrabi M, Rokouei M, Amirzargar A, Rahbar P. Comparative study of substance P and neurokinin A in gingival crevicular fluid of healthy and painful carious permanent teeth. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2017; 14:57-61. [PMID: 28348619 PMCID: PMC5356390 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.201140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is shown that neuropeptides can be transported from pulp chamber to periodontal ligament through apical foramen and accessory canals. Therefore, clinical pulpal pain leads to expression of preinflammatory neuropeptides such as substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). This study aimed to evaluate levels of SP and NKA in GCF of carious and healthy permanent teeth, comparatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on twenty children referred to Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, who had a painful permanent first molar. Sampling was done by sterile paper cone from GCF of the mentioned teeth and the intact tooth of the other side of the jaw in the same patient. Values of SP and NKA were measured by ELISA test. RESULTS The mean concentration of SP in GCF of painful carious and healthy teeth was 2.65 ± 0.56 and 1.83 ± 0.65 pcgr/ml, respectively. This value was 2.29 ± 0.29 and 1.61 ± 0.35 pcgr/ml for NKA concentration in carious and healthy teeth as well. CONCLUSION Significant higher levels of both SP and NKA in GCF of painful carious teeth were observed, which is in line with previous studies' findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Heidari
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shahrabi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrak Rokouei
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Amirzargar
- Department of Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Rahbar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Landry CS, Cavaness K, Celinski S, Preskitt J. Biochemical prognostic indicators for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and small bowel neuroendocrine tumors. Gland Surg 2014; 3:215-8. [PMID: 25493250 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2227-684x.2014.10.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) and small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SBNETs) are rare tumors that are frequently diagnosed late in the course of the disease. Several biomarkers have been proposed in the literature as prognostic factors for patients with these tumors. This article discusses a recent publication in Annals of Surgical Oncology from the University of Iowa analyzing the effect of different biomarkers on survival in patients with PNETs and SBNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine S Landry
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Baylor University Medical Center, 3410 Worth Street, Suite 235, Dallas, Texas 75246, USA
| | - Keith Cavaness
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Baylor University Medical Center, 3410 Worth Street, Suite 235, Dallas, Texas 75246, USA
| | - Scott Celinski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Baylor University Medical Center, 3410 Worth Street, Suite 235, Dallas, Texas 75246, USA
| | - John Preskitt
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Baylor University Medical Center, 3410 Worth Street, Suite 235, Dallas, Texas 75246, USA
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Modlin IM, Drozdov I, Alaimo D, Callahan S, Teixiera N, Bodei L, Kidd M. A multianalyte PCR blood test outperforms single analyte ELISAs (chromogranin A, pancreastatin, neurokinin A) for neuroendocrine tumor detection. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21:615-28. [PMID: 25015994 DOI: 10.1530/erc-14-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A critical requirement in neuroendocrine tumor (NET) management is a sensitive, specific and reproducible blood biomarker test. We evaluated a PCR-based 51 transcript signature (NETest) and compared it to chromogranin A (CgA), pancreastatin (PST) and neurokinin A (NKA). The multigene signature was evaluated in two groups: i) a validation set of 40 NETs and controls and ii) a prospectively collected group of NETs (n=41, 61% small intestinal, 50% metastatic, 44% currently treated and 41 age-sex matched controls). Samples were analyzed by a two-step PCR (51 marker genes) protocol and ELISAs for CgA, PST and NKA. Sensitivity comparisons included χ(2), non-parametric measurements, ROC curves and predictive feature importance (PFAI) analyses. NETest identified 38 of 41 NETs. Performance metrics were: sensitivity 92.8%, specificity 92.8%, positive predictive value 92.8% and negative predictive value 92.8%. Single analyte ELISA metrics were: CgA 76, 59, 65, and 71%; PST 63, 56, 59, and 61% and NKA 39, 93, 84, and 60%. The AUCs (ROC analysis) were: NETest: 0.96±0.025, CgA: 0.67±0.06, PST 0.56±0.06, NKA: 0.66±0.06. NETest significantly outperformed single analyte tests (area differences: 0.284-0.403, Z-statistic 4.85-5.9, P<0.0001). PFAI analysis determined NETest had most value (69%) in diagnosis (CgA (13%), PST (9%), and NKA (9%)). Test data were consistent with the validation set (NETest >95% sensitivity and specificity, AUC =0.98 vs single analytes: 59-67% sensitivity, AUCs: 0.58-0.63). The NETest is significantly more sensitive and efficient (>93%) than single analyte assays (CgA, PST or NKA) in NET diagnosis. Blood-based multigene analytic measurement will facilitate early detection of disease recurrence and can predict therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irvin M Modlin
- Wren Laboratories35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut 06405, USA
| | - Ignat Drozdov
- Wren Laboratories35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut 06405, USA
| | - Daniele Alaimo
- Wren Laboratories35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut 06405, USA
| | - Stephen Callahan
- Wren Laboratories35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut 06405, USA
| | - Nancy Teixiera
- Wren Laboratories35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut 06405, USA
| | - Lisa Bodei
- Wren Laboratories35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut 06405, USA
| | - Mark Kidd
- Wren Laboratories35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut 06405, USA
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